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FFT Rev02
FFT Rev02
Basics of Vibration
Vibration Characteristics
FFT Process
Vibration Transducer
Vibration Standards
Data Acquisition
Vibration Alarming Methods
What is Vibration?
What is Vibration ?
Vibration is the motion of a body about a
reference position caused by a force
In simple terms vibration is :-
A response to some form of excitation
Frequency = 1 1 = Cycles
=
Period T Second
Vibration Characteristics
Significance of Frequency
A8 - Example 15
The plot shown on the right 0.4
Ex15 -F2V Fan Outboard Vertical
Route Waveform
waveform. 0.2
PK = .1495
LOAD = 100.0
RPM = 832. (13.86 Hz)
Los - Example 8
EX 8 -P2V Pump Outboard Vertical PK(+) = .3263
1.0
Acceleration in G-s
0.1 15-Nov-95 10:00:16
CRESTF= 3.38
RMS = 1.27
0.0
0.8 LOAD = 100.0
0.6
vibration data. -0.2
-0.3
Recall the waveform and spectrum from the previous slide. If you tried to determine all
the frequencies from the waveform plot, you would need all day just to analyse one
point of data.
As the FFT plots the frequencies from the waveform for you the analysis of this data
becomes easier and reduces the amount of time needed for analysis of each point.
0.0
-0.1 0.4
-0.2
0.2
-0.3
-0.4
Time: 120.44 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Ampl: -.07595 Freq: 736.86
Time in mSecs 0 6000 12000 18000 24000 30000 Ordr: 1.000
Frequency in CPM Spec: .245
Label: Looseness
Fast Fourier Transform FFT Process
Axial Shaft
Vibration & Position
Monitoring Techniques
Relative Amplitude
Useful Operating Ranges
100000000
10000000
1000000
Accelerometer
100000
10000
Prox. Probe
10
Acceleration
Velocity
flat treats all frequencies equally.
Velocity
Displacement
accentuates LOW frequencies,
and attenuates HIGH frequencies.
Displacement
Freq
Measurement Parameter
Velocity Probe
Accelerometer
Vibration Fundamentals
How Much Vibration is Too Much ?
1. Use Absolute Vibration Levels
- Given by machine makers
- Published Vibration Severity Standards
eg. ISO 2372, VDI 2056, BS 4675
10 times = 20dB
Just Tolerable 7.1
Diagnose
Nature of
Fault
Step 6: Automated Diagnosis
Examples of Orbits (Fault Detection)