I HC QUC GIA H NI

TRNG I HC KHOA HC T NHIN

Trnh Th Thanh Hu

SNG RAYLEIGH TRONG CC BN KHNG GIAN

N HI KHNG T DO I VI NG SUT

Chuyn ngnh: C hc Vt th rn

M s: 62 44 21 01

D THO TM TT LUN N TIN S C HC

H Ni - 2016
 Cng trnh c hon thnh ti:

Trng i hc Khoa hc T nhin, i hc Quc gia H Ni

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: GS. TS. Phm Ch Vnh

Phn bin: ......................................................

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Phn bin: ......................................................

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Phn bin: ......................................................

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Lun n s c bo v trc Hi ng cp i hc Quc gia

chm lun n tin s hp ti ...................................................

vo hi gi ngy thng nm 20......

C th tm hiu lun n ti:

- Th vin Quc gia Vit Nam

- Trung tm Thng tin - Th vin, i hc Quc gia Vit Nam

M u

Cc bi ton truyn sng trong cc mi trng n hi (xem, chng hn Achen-

bach (1973), Ben-Menahem and Singh (2000), Brekhovskikh and Goncharov (1994),
Ewing, Jardetzky and Press (1957)), ni bt l sng mt Rayleigh, l c s l thuyt
cho nhiu ng dng khc nhau trong khoa hc cng ngh.
Sng mt Rayleigh truyn trong mi trng n hi ng hng nn c, m
Rayleigh tm ra hn mt trm nm trc (nm 1885), v vn ang c nghin cu
mt cch mnh m v nhng ng dng to ln ca n trong nhiu lnh vc khc nhau
ca khoa hc v cng ngh nh a chn hc, m hc, a vy l, cng ngh truyn
thng v khoa hc vt liu. C th ni rng nhng nghin cu ca Rayleigh v sng
mt truyn trong bn khng gian n hi c nh hng su rng n cuc sng hin
i. N c s dng nghin cu ng t, thit k mobile phone v nhiu thit
b in t cc nh, ... nh Adams v cc cng s (2007) nhn mnh. c mt
s lng nghin cu rt ln v sng mt Rayleigh. Google.Scholar, mt trong nhng
cng c tm kim mnh nht v khoa hc, cho chng ta hn mt triu ng links
cho yu cu tm kim "Rayleigh waves". Kt qu tm kim thu c tht ng kinh
ngc! N ch ra rng, sng mt Rayleigh c v tr cao trong khoa hc, v ang
c s quan tm rt ln ca cc nh khoa hc trong v ngoi nc.
Tuy nhin, trong hu ht cc nghin cu trc y v sng Rayleigh, bn khng
gian n hi c gi thit l t do i vi ng sut. C rt t nghin cu dnh cho
bn khng gian n hi khng t do i vi ng sut. Chnh v l do ny m lun
n i nghin cu cc bi ton truyn sng Rayleigh trong cc bn khng gian n
hi khng t do i vi ng sut.

i tng v phm vi nghin cu ca lun n

i tng nghin cu: Sng Rayleigh trong cc bn khng gian n hi
khng t do i vi ng sut nh bn khng gian chu iu kin bin tr khng,
bn khng gian ph lp mng.
Phm vi nghin cu: Tm ra cc phng trnh tn sc chnh xc v xp x
ca sng Rayleigh di dng tng minh.

1
Mc tiu ca lun n
Mc tiu th nht ca lun n l pht trin phng php vect phn cc cho
trng hp khi ma trn Stroh l ma trn phc (c gi l "phng php
vect phn cc phc").
Mc tiu th hai ca lun n l tm ra cc phng trnh tn sc dng hin
(dng tng minh) ca sng Rayleigh truyn trong cc bn khng gian n
hi khng t do i vi ng sut.

Phng php nghin cu

Cc phng trnh tn sc dng hin (dng tng minh) thu c trong lun
n c tm ra bng phng php truyn thng v phng php vect phn
cc phc.
a bi ton truyn sng trong bn khng gian n hi ph lp mng n hi
v bi ton truyn sng trong bn khng gian khng t do i vi ng sut
bng phng php iu kin bin hiu dng.

Cc kt qu mi ca lun n
Pht trin phng php vect phn cc khi ma trn Stroh l ma trn phc.
Tm c phng trnh tn sc chnh xc dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh
trong bn khng gian n hi d hng (trc hng v monoclinic vi mt
phng i xng x3 = 0) nn c v khng nn c chu iu kin bin tr
khng.
Xy dng c phng trnh tn sc chnh xc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh
trong bn khng gian n hi c ng sut trc (chu ko nn thun ty v
ng thi chu ko nn v ct) chu iu kin bin tr khng.
Thit lp c phng trnh tn sc chnh xc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh
trong bn khng gian n hi monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0 quay
chu iu kin bin tr khng v sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi
khng nn c quay c gia c ct si chu iu kin bin tr khng.
Dn ra c phng trnh tn sc xp x ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng
gian n hi d hng (nn c v khng nn c) c ph lp mng n
hi d hng (nn c v khng nn c). Phng trnh tn sc tm c
c dng bc hai i vi dy ca lp mng.

2
Cu trc ca lun n
Lun n bao gm bn chng:
Chng 1: Tng quan
Trnh by tng quan tnh hnh nghin cu trong v ngoi nc v sng mt
Rayleigh trong cc bn khng gian t do v khng t do i vi ng sut.
Chng 2: Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi chu iu kin bin
tr khng
Chng 3: Sng Rayleigh trong cc bn khng gian n hi quay chu iu
kin tr khng
Chng 4: Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi monoclinic vi mt
phng i xng x3 = 0 c ph lp mng n hi

3
Chng 1

Tng quan

Mt bn khng gian n hi m trn mt bin ca n vct ng sut bng

khng c gi l bn khng gian t do i vi ng sut. Sng Rayleigh truyn
trong bn khng gian ny c gi l sng Rayleigh t do ng sut hay sng
Rayleigh thng thng. Mt bn khng gian n hi m trn mt bin ca n vct
ng sut khng trit tiu c gi l bn khng gian khng t do i vi ng sut.
Sng Rayleigh truyn trong bn khng gian ny c gi l sng Rayleigh khng
t do ng sut hay sng Rayleigh suy rng.

1.1. Sng Rayleigh t do ng sut

Sng Rayleigh t do ng sut truyn trong mi trng n hi ng hng
nn c c Rayleigh nm 1885, vn ang c nghin cu mt cch mnh m
v nhng ng dng to ln ca n trong nhiu lnh vc khc nhau ca khoa hc v
cng ngh nh a chn hc, m hc, a vt l, cng ngh truyn thng v khoa
hc vt liu, nh nhn mnh phn m u.
i vi sng Rayleigh ni chung, phng trnh tn sc dng tng minh (dng
hin) c ngha c bit quan trng. N c s dng gii bi ton thun: kho
st s ph thuc ca vn tc sng vo cc tham s vt liu, c bit, n l c s l
thuyt gii bi ton ngc: xc nh cc tham s vt liu t cc gi tr o c
ca vn tc sng. Do vy, phng trnh tn sc dng tng minh l mc tiu u
tin v quan trng nht i vi cc nghin cu lin quan n sng Rayleigh t do
cng nh khng t do ng sut.
i vi cc bn khng gian n hi ng hng hoc trc hng, phng trnh
tn sc ca sng Rayleigh t do ng sut c tm ra bng phng php truyn
thng, da vo phng trnh c trng ca sng. Tuy nhin, i vi cc mi trng
n hi c tnh d hng cao hn (chng hn mi trng monoclinic, hoc mi
trng n hi d hng chu nh hng ca cc yu t khc nh in trng, t

4
trng, s quay vi m), phng trnh c trng ca sng mt tc dng, phng
php truyn thng khng cn hiu lc. tm ra phng trnh tn sc dng hin
ca sng Rayleigh t do ng sut i vi cc mi trng phc tp, cc phng php
mi c ra. l phng php vect phn cc, phng php tch phn u
v phng php ma trn tr khng. Tuy nhin, cc php ny mi ch p dng c
cho cc mi trng l cc bn khng gian c iu kin bin l thc (nh iu kin
bin t do i vi ng sut).

1.2. Sng Rayleigh khng t do ng sut

Ngoi cu trc gm ch mt bn khng gian (khng t do ng sut), cc cu
trc sau:
i) Bn khng gian n hi ph mt lp n hi,
ii) Bn khng gian n hi lin kt vi mt bn khng gian n hi khc, cng
a c v m hnh mt bn khng gian n hi khng t do i vi ng sut,
bng cch thay th ton b nh hng ca lp n hi hay bn khng gian n hi
bng mt iu kin bin hiu dng trn mt phn chia gia bn khng gian v
lp, gia bn khng gian v gia bn khng gian. iu kin bin hiu dng l mt
h thc lin h tuyn tnh vct ng sut v vct chuyn dch trn mt bin ca
bn khng gian. Ch rng, lp (bn khng gian) n hi c th thay th bng mt
lp cht lng (mt bn khng gian cht lng).
Lun n quan tm nghin cu sng Rayleigh khng t do ng sut truyn trong
cc mi trng sau:
- Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi chu iu kin bin tr khng.
- Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c ng sut trc chu iu kin
bin tr khng.
- Sng Rayleigh trong cc bn khng gian n hi quay, chu iu kin bin tr
khng.
- Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi ph lp mng.

1.2.1. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi chu iu

kin bin tr khng
Trong cc nghin cu trc y v sng Rayleigh, hu ht u gi thit bn
khng gian l t do i vi ng sut. Tuy nhin, trong nhiu bi ton thc t nh
trong lnh vc m hc hay in t hc, bn khng gian thng chu mt iu kin
bin c gi l "iu kin bin tr khng". iu kin ny l mt lin h tuyn tnh
gia cc hm cn tm v cc o hm ca chng trn bin ca bn khng gian.
Trong lun n, iu kin bin tr khng c xt c dng sau

12 + Z1 u1 = 0, 22 + Z2 u2 = 0 ti x2 = 0 (1.1)

5
trong , ij l cc thnh phn ng sut, uj l cc thnh phn chuyn dch, l
tn s gc ca sng, Zk l tham s tr khng. Vi iu kin bin (1.1), cc nghin
cu mi ch dng li bn khng gian n hi ng hng.

1.2.2. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian quay, chu iu

kin bin tr khng
Sng Rayleigh trong cc bn khng gian n hi quay vi mt vn tc khng
i c nhiu ng dng thc t. Tuy nhin, cc nghin cu mi ch tp trung cho
trng hp khi bn khng gian t do i vi ng sut.

1.2.3. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi ph lp

mng
Cu trc "mt lp mng gn vi mt lp dy", m hnh ha nh mt bn
khng gian ph lp mng, ang c s dng rng ri trong cng ngh hin i.
Vic nh gi khng ph hy cc tnh cht c hc ca chng trc v trong qu
trnh s dng l quan trng v ht sc cn thit. nh gi khng ph hy cc
tnh cht c hc ca cu trc ny, sng mt Rayleigh (khng t do ng sut) l
cng c tin l. Khi , phng trnh tn sc ca chng c s dng nh l c s
l thuyt cht lc ra (xc nh) cc tnh cht c hc ca cu trc t cc d liu
(cc gi tr ca vn tc sng) o c t thc nghim.
S dng gi thit lp mng, cc phng trnh tn sc xp x c tm ra bng
cch thay th ton b nh hng ca lp mng bng mt "iu kin bin hiu dng",
bng cch coi lp nh bn mng, hoc khai trin Taylor ng sut ti mt trn ca
lp theo dy ca lp (c gi thit l nh).
n nay, cc nghin cu mi ch dng li bn khng gian n hi trc hng.

1.2.4. Phng php vect phn cc

Phng php vect phn cc l mt phng php dng tm ra phng
trnh tn sc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh trong cc bn khng gian n hi, da
trn cc phng trnh xc nh vect bin chuyn dch ti bin ca bn khng
gian, c gi l vect phn cc. Taziev (1989) s dng thnh cng phng php
vect phn cc tm ra phng trnh tn sc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh trong
mi trng n hi d hng tng qut. Phng php vect phn cc tip tc c
pht trin bi Collet v Destrade (2004), Ting (2005) da trn pht biu Stroh.
Phng php vect phn cc c xy dng v pht trin bi cc tc gi trn
ch p dng c khi ma trn Stroh ca sng Rayleigh l thc. Tuy nhin, trong
nhiu bi ton thc t, ma trn Stroh ca sng Rayleigh l phc. Do vy, pht trin
phng php vect phn cc cho cc pht biu Stroh vi ma trn phc l vic lm
ht sc c ngha (c gi l phng php vect phn cc phc). l mt trong

6
cc mc tiu ca lun n. C s ton hc ca phng php ny c trnh by trong
mc 2.1 chng 2.

7
Chng 2

Sng Rayleigh trong bn

khng gian n hi chu iu
kin bin tr khng

2.1. H thc c bn
C s ton hc ca phng php vect phn cc phc l h thc c bn c
trnh by di dng mnh sau y
Mnh 2.1: Nu vct 2m chiu Y(y) l nghim ca bi ton:
Y0 = iPY, 0 y < +, Y(+) = 0 (2.1)
trong du phy l k hiu ca o hm theo bin y v:
 
P1 P2
P= (2.2)
P3 P4
vi cc ma trn Pk cp m m l cc ma trn hng s (khng ph thuc vo bin
y) v chng tha mn cc h thc sau:
P2 = PT2 , P3 = PT3 , P4 = PT1 , (2.3)
Khi , ta c
YT (0)IPn Y(0) = 0 n Z (2.4)
trong  
0 I
I = (2.5)
I 0
vi I l ma trn n v cp m m.
Ta gi phng trnh (2.4) l h thc c bn.

8
2.2. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi d
hng chu iu kin bin tr khng
2.2.1. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi trc hng,
nn c chu iu kin bin tr khng
p dng phng php truyn thng ta thu c phng trnh tn sc (di dng
khng th nguyn) dng hin ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi trc
hng, nn c chu iu kin bin tr khng nh sau

x(e1 x)(1 1 2 ) + [e23 e2 (e1 x) 1 2 x] P

q
= [1 e2 P + 2 (e1 x)] x S + 2 P (2.6)

trong x = c2 /c22 , c22 = c66 /, l vn tc khng th nguyn ca sng Rayleigh v

n = Zn / c66 ( R), n = 1, 2, l cc tham s tr khng v l cc i lng khng
th nguyn. S and P c xc nh nh sau
(e1 x)(1 x) e2 (e1 x) + 1 x (1 + e3 )2
P = , S= (2.7)
e2 e2
e1 = c11 /c66 , e2 = c22 /c66 , e3 = c12 /c66 (2.8)
vi cij l cc hng s vt liu, mt khi lng.

2.2.2. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c to

bi vt liu monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0,
nn c chu iu kin bin tr khng
S dng phng php vect phn cc phc, ta thit lp c phng trnh tn
sc dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c to bi
vt liu monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0, nn c chu iu kin bin
tr khng
D12 + D22 4DD3 = 0 (2.9)
vi
   
Q(1,r) Q(1,i) Q(1)  Q(1) Q(1,i) Q(1) 
 12 12 22   11 12 22 
D =  Q(1,r) (1,i)
Q12
(1) 
Q22  , D1 =  Q11
(1) (1,i)
Q12
(1) 
Q22 
 
 12
 Q(2,r) (2,i) (2)  Q(2) (2,i) (2) 
 
12 Q12 Q22  11 Q12 Q22 
    (2.10)
Q(1,r) Q(1) Q(1)  Q(1,r) Q(1,i) Q(1) 
 12 11 22
 12(1,r) 12 11 
 
D2 =  Q(1,r) Q
(1)
Q
(1) 
, D = Q Q
(1,i)
Q
(1) 

3
 12 11 22  12 12 11 
 
 Q(2,r) (2) (2)  (2,r) (2,i) (2)

12 Q11 Q22  Q12 Q12 Q11 

9
trong
(1) (1)
Q11 = + (1 + c66 12 n66 )X, Q22 = (1 + c66 22 n22 )X,
(1)
p (2.11)
Q12 = 1 2 n26 c66 X + i(1 2 r2 ) c66 X
(2)
Q11 = 2[12 (n26 + n66 r6 )c66 X + r6 (X )],
(2)
Q22 = 222 n26 r2 c66 X
(2.12)
(2)
Q12 = 1 2 (n22 + n66 r2 + n26 r6 )c66 X (1 + r2 )X
p
i[1 (r6 + n26 X) + 2 (n26 r2 r6 n26 X)] c66 X
(1)
Q11 =X[(X )n22 r22 ] 12 (n22 + n226 X n22 n66 X)c66 X
(1)
Q22 = [(1 + r62 ) + n66 ( X)]X
+ 22 [( X)(n226 n22 n66 ) n66 r22 n22 r62 + 2n26 r2 r6 ]c66 X (2.13)
(1)
Q12 =1 2 (n22 r6 n26 r2 )c66 X + X[( X)n26 + r2 r6 ]
p
+ i{1 (r2 n66 r2 X + n26 r6 X) + 2 [(X )n22 r22 ]} c66 X
c22 c26 c66 c12 c26 c22 c16
n66 = , n26 = , n22 = , r6 =
(2.14)
c12 c66 c16 c26
r2 = , = c22 c66 c26 , = c11 r6 c16 r2 c12 , X = c2
2

y cij l cc hng s vt liu, mt khi lng v c l vn tc sng.

2.2.3. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng n hi trc hng,

khng nn c chu iu kin bin tr khng
p dng phng php truyn thng ta thu c phng trnh tn sc (di dng
khng th nguyn) dng hin ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi trc
hng, nn c chu iu kin bin tr khng nh sau

q
( x) 1 x + (1 2 1)x = (1 1 x + 2 ) x 2 x + 2 1 x (2.15)

trong x = c2 /c22 , c22 = c66 /, l vn tc khng th nguyn ca sng Rayleigh,

= (c11 2c12 + c22 )/c66 v n = Zn / c66 ( R), n = 1, 2, l cc tham s tr
khng v l cc i lng khng th nguyn. V cij l cc hng s vt liu, mt
khi lng.

10
2.2.4. Sng Rayleigh truyn trong bn khng gian n hi
khng nn c c to bi vt liu monoclinic vi
mt phng i xng x3 = 0, khng nn c chu iu
kin bin tr khng
S dng phng php vect phn cc phc, ta suy ra phng trnh tn sc dng
tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c to bi vt liu
monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0, nn c chu iu kin bin tr khng
c dng nh phng trnh (2.9), (2.10) trong

(2.16)
(1) (1) (1)
p
Q11 = a1 + (12 + 1)X, Q22 = X, Q12 = i c66 X(1 2 )
(2) (2)
Q11 = 2b1 [a1 + (12 + 1)X], Q22 = 0,
(2)
p (2.17)
Q12 = a1 (1 2 + 2)X + ib1 c66 X(1 2 )
(1) (1)
p p
Q11 = X, Q12 = b1 X + i[ c66 X(1 2 ) 1 X X/c66 ]
(1) c66 (a1 22 X) (a1 + c66 + b21 c66 )X + X 2 (2.18)
Q22 =
c66
vi
(c16 c26 )2
a1 = c11 2c12 + c22
c66 (2.19)
c26 c16
b1 =
c66
y cij l cc hng s vt liu, X = c2 , mt khi lng v c l vn tc sng.

2.3. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c

ng sut trc chu iu kin bin tr khng
2.3.1. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi, nn c
c ng sut trc chu iu kin bin tr khng
Phng trnh tn sc dng hin ca sng trong trng hp ny nh sau

(e1 x)[e24 e5 (1 x) 1 2 x] + e5 [e23 e2 (e1 x) 1 2 x] P

q
(2.20)
+ e5 [1 e2 P + 2 (e1 x)] x S + 2 P = 0

trong , S v P c xc nh nh sau
e2 (e1 x) + e5 (1 x) (e3 + e4 )2 (e1 x)(1 x)
S= ,P = (2.21)
e2 e5 e2 e5

11

vi x = c2 /A1212 , n = Zn / A1212 ( R), n = 1, 2 l cc tham s tr khng v l
cc i lng khng th nguyn v
A1111 A2222 A1122 A2112 A2121
e1 = , e2 = , e3 = , e4 = , e5 = (2.22)
A1212 A1212 A1212 A1212 A1212
y, c l vn tc sng, l mt khi lng cn Aijkl l cc thnh phn ca
tenx n hi bc bn.

2.3.2. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi, khng nn

c c ng sut trc chu iu kin bin tr khng
Phng trnh tn sc dng hin (dng khng th nguyn) ca sng Rayleigh
truyn trong bn khng gian n hi khng nn c c ng sut trc chu iu
kin bin tr khng.

[1 2 e1 x e23 + e1 (1 x)] + e1 (2e2 + 2e3 x) 1 x

q
(2.23)
(1 e1 1 x + 2 e1 ) x S + 2 P = 0
vi
B2121 B1111 + B2222 2B1122 2B1221
e1 = , e2 = ,
B1212 2B1212
(2.24)
B2121 2 2e2 x 1x c2
e3 = , S= , P = , x=
B1212 e1 e1 B1212

vi l mt khi lng, c l vn tc ca sng, n = Zn / B1212 ( R), n = 1, 2
l cc tham s tr khng v l cc i lng khng th nguyn v 2 l ng sut
Cauchy theo hng chnh v Bijkl l cc thnh phn ca tenx n hi bc bn.

2.3.3. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi khng nn

c, c bin dng trc: chu ng thi ko (nn) v
ct, chu iu kin bin tr khng
S dng phng php vect phn cc phc, ta xy dng c phng trnh tn
sc dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi khng nn
c, c bin dng trc: chu ng thi ko (nn) v ct, chu iu kin bin tr
khng c dng nh phng trnh (2.9), (2.10) trong
(1) 2
Q11 = (1 + 12 )X 2( + 22 ) + 21

 
21 22 22 p
(2.25)
(1)
p
Q12 = 12 + 21 + i (1 2 ) X 1 X

(1) ( 22 )2
Q22 = X +

12
 3
(2) 21 h
2
i
21
Q11 =2(21 12 ) 2 2 (1 + 1 )X 2 + 22
2
(2) 2 22
Q12 = + + 2 21 2(X + 22 ) 1 2 X

1 h i
+ 22 (X 2 + 22 ) 21 (12 + 221 ) (2.26)


X
+ i [(2 21 1 12 ) 21 21 ( 22 )]
2
(2) 221 212
Q22 = 2 ( 22 )2 ( 22 )

(1) ( 22 )2
Q11 = (X )


21 (X ) 12 ( 22 ) X
(2.27)
(1)
Q12 = i [1 (X ) + 2 ( 22 )]

(1) X 2 2( + 22 )(X ) X 22 X 12
2
Q22 =


vi X = c2 (vi l mt khi lng, c l vn tc ca sng), n = Zn / (
R), n = 1, 2 l cc tham s tr khng v l cc i lng khng th nguyn, 22 l
thnh phn ca ng sut Cauchy v

:= B1212 , 2 := B1111 + B2222 2B1122 2B1221

(2.28)
:= B2121 , 21 := B1121 B2122 , 12 := B1222 B2111

vi Bijkl l cc thnh phn ca tenx hng s n hi.

13
Chng 3

Sng Rayleigh trong bn

khng gian n hi quay chu
iu kin bin tr khng

3.1. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi

monoclinic x3 = 0 quay, nn c chu iu kin
bin tr khng
S dng phng php vect phn cc phc, ta thu c phng trnh tn sc
dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c to bi vt
liu monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0 quay, nn c chu iu kin bin
tr khng c dng nh phng trnh (2.9), (2.10) trong
(1)
Q11 = + (1 + 2 )X + c266 12 n66 X,
(1)
Q22 = (1 + 2 )X + c266 22 n22 X, (3.1)
(1)
p
Q12 = c266 1 2 n26 X + i[2X + (1 2 r2 ) c66 X]

14
 (2)
Q11 = 2r6 (X ) 2c66 12 (n26 + n66 r6 )X 2 2 r6 X
p
+ 41 n26 X c66 X,
(2)
Q12 = (1 + r2 )X c66 1 2 (n22 + n66 r2 + n26 r6 )X
p (3.2)
2 (1 + r2 )X 2(2 n22 + 1 n66 )X c66 X + 2ir6 X
p
i[(2 n26 +1 r6 2 r2 r6 )+(1 + 2 )(1 2 )n26 X] c66 X
(2)
p
Q22 = 2c266 22 n26 r2 X 42 n26 X c66 X
(1)
Q11 = (1 + 2 )(n22 + r22 )X + (1 + 2 )2 n22 X 2
p
+ 41 n22 X c66 X c66 12 [n22 + (1 + 2 )(n226 n22 n66 )X]X
(1)
Q22 = + [n66 + c66 22 (n226 n22 n66 )]X X(1 + r62 n66 X)
c66 22 (n66 r22 2n26 r2 r6 + n22 r62 + n226 X n22 n66 X)X
(1)
(3.3)
Q12 = (1 + 2 )n26 X c66 1 2 n26 r2 X + c66 1 2 n22 r6 X + r2 r6 X
n26 X 2 4 n26 X 2 + 2 (r2 r6 + 2n26 X)X
p
+ 2X(1 n26 2 n22 r6 + 2 n26 r2 ) c66 X
p
+ i[1 (r2 n66 r2 X + n26 r6 X) 2 (n22 + r22 n22 X)] c66 X
c22 c26 c66 c12 c26 c22 c16
n66 = , n26 = , n22 = , r6 =
(3.4)
c12 c66 c16 c26
r2 = , = c22 c66 c26 , = c11 r6 c16 r2 c12 , X = c2
2

y cij l cc hng s vt liu, = /(kc) = / ( khng i l vn tc quay
ca bn khng gian), X = c2 , mt khi lng, k l s sng v c l vn tc
sng.

3.2. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi

c gia c ct si, khng nn c, quay chu
iu kin bin tr khng
p dng phng php vect phn cc phc, ta thu c phng trnh tn sc
dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c gia c ct
si, khng nn c, quay, chu iu kin bin tr khng c dng nh phng trnh

15
(2.9), (2.10) trong
(1)
Q11 = (c21 + c22 ) + (1 + 2 )X + 12 X,
(1)
Q22 = (1 + 2 )X, (3.5)
q
(1)
Q12 = i[2X + (2 1 ) c23 X]

(2) (2)
Q11 = 0, Q22 = 0
(2) 1 X 2 (3.6)
Q12 = (c21 + c22 ) (2 + 2 2 + 1 2 )X 2 p 2
c3 X

v Qij /q trong q R l nh thc ca ma trn Q3 v

(1) (1) (1)
= Qij

(1)
Q11 = (1 + 2 )X
(1)
Q22 = (c21 + c22 ) 22 X
1 (3.7)
q
+ 2 [(1 + 2 )(c21 + c22 + c23 )X + ( 2 1)2 X 2 42 X c23 X]
c3
(1 + 2 )1 X + c23 (2 1 )
q
(1)
Q12 = i[2X + c23 X]
c23

vi
c21 = 4E L , c22 = T , c23 = L (3.8)
L v T l cc modun lc ct dc v ct ngang cn E l modun ct c ti. E , T
c lin h theo cng thc sau:
EL
E = T (3.9)
ET

vi EL , ET ln lt l cc modun Young dc v ngang. X = c2 , n = Zn / c23 (

p

R), n = 1, 2, l cc tham s tr khng v l cc i lng khng th nguyn,

= /(kc) = / ( khng i l vn tc quay ca bn khng gian), mt
khi lng, k l s sng v c l vn tc sng.

16
Chng 4

Sng Rayleigh trong bn

khng gian n hi
monoclinic c mt phng i
xng x3 = 0 c ph lp
mng

4.1. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi

monoclinic c mt phng i xng x3 = 0 nn
c ph lp mng n hi monoclinic c mt
phng i xng x3 = 0 nn c
S dng phng php vect phn cc phc, ta suy ra phng trnh tn sc
dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c to bi vt
liu monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0, nn cph lp mng n hi
monoclinic c mt phng i xng x3 = 0 nn c c dng nh phng trnh (2.9),
(2.10) trong
n o
(1)
Q11 = X + n66 (X )2 + r2 [ + X(r2 1)] 2
1n o
(1)
Q12 = i[ + X(r2 1)] + 2n26 X(X ) r6 [ + X(r2 1)] 2 (4.1)
n 2 o
(1)
Q22 = X [ + X(r2 1)] n22 X 2 2

17
 n
(2)
Q11 = 2r6 (X ) [ + X(r2 1)][n26 (X ) + r2 r6 ]
o
+2(n26 + n66 r6 )(X )2 2
(2)
Q12 = (r2 + 1)X + i[n26 (X X) r6 (X ) + r2 r6 X]
n (4.2)
+ [ + X(r2 1)](r62 n22 X + n66 X n66 )
o
2(n22 + n66 r2 + n26 r6 )X(X ) 2
n o
(2)
Q22 = [ + X(r2 1)](r6 + n26 X) 2n26 r2 X 2 2
n
(1)
Q11 = [n22 (X ) r22 ]X + [ + X(r2 1)][r22 n22 (X )]
o
(n22 + n226 X n22 n66 X)(X )2 2
(1)
Q12 = X[r2 r6 n26 (X )]
+ i[(n26 r6 n66 r2 )X(X ) + r2 (X ) + n22 X(X ) r22 X]
1n
[ + X(r2 1)][n26 (X ) r2 r6 + (n22 r6 n26 r2 )X] (4.3)
2 o
+2(n22 r6 n26 r2 )X(X ) 2
(1)
Q22 = (n66 X 1)(X ) r62 X
n
[ + X(r2 1)](r2 n66 r2 X + n26 r6 X)
o
+X 2 [(X )(n226 n22 n66 ) + r2 (n66 r2 n26 r6 ) + r6 (n22 r6 n26 r2 )] 2

vi X = c2 , X = c2 (c vn tc ca sng, , ln lt l mt khi lng ca

bn khng gian v lp),  = kh (k l s sng, h l dy ca lp) v

c12 c66 c16 c26 c12 c26 c22 c16

r2 = , r6 =
c22 c66 c226 c22 c66 c226
= c11 r6 c16 r2 c12
c22 c26 c66 c12 c26 c22 c16 (4.4)
n66 = , n26 = , n22 = , r6 =

c12 c66 c16 c26
r2 = , = c22 c66 c226 , = c11 r6 c16 r2 c12 ,

y cij v cij ln lt l hng s n hi ca bn khng gian v lp.

18
4.2. Sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi
monoclinic c mt phng i xng x3 = 0 khng
nn c ph lp mng n hi monoclinic c
mt phng i xng x3 = 0 khng nn c
S dng phng php vect phn cc phc, ta suy ra phng trnh tn sc
dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi c to bi vt
liu monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0, nn cph lp mng n hi
monoclinic c mt phng i xng x3 = 0 nn c c dng nh phng trnh (2.9),
(2.10) trong " #
(1) (X a1 )2 2
Q11 = X a1 + a1 + 
c66
(1) a1 b1 2 (4.5)
Q12 = ia1  + 
2
(1)
Q22 = X a1 2
(2) b1
Q11 =2b1 (X a1 ) + [2(X a1 )2 + a1 c66 ]2
c66
(2) a1 (b21 c66 + X a1 + 2X) 2X 2 2 (4.6)
Q12 =a1 2X ia1 b1  + 
2c66
(2)
Q22 = a1 b1 2
(1) (1) (1)
v Qij = Qij /q trong q R l nh thc ca ma trn Q3 v
(1)
Q11 = X + a1 2
(1) a1 (c66 X) + X X a1 b1 2
Q12 = b1 X i +  (4.7)
c66 2
(1) (a1 X)(c66 X) a1 (c66 X) + X 2 2
Q22 = b21 X 
c66 c66

vi X = c2 , X = c2 (c vn tc ca sng, , ln lt l mt khi lng ca

bn khng gian v lp),  = kh (k l s sng, h l dy ca lp) v

(c16 c26 )2
a1 = c11 2c12 + c22
c66
(4.8)
(c16 c26 )2 c26 c16
a1 = c11 2c12 + c22 , b1 =
c66 c66

y cij v cij ln lt l hng s n hi ca bn khng gian v lp.

19
Kt lun

Truyn sng trong cc mi trng n hi l c s l thuyt cho nhiu ng dng

thc t, tri di t d bo ng t n vic ch to cc thit b vi nh trong cng
ngh vin thng. Cc kt qu nghin cu mi v sng n hi s lm cho cc ng
dng ca n ngy cng m rng v hiu qu hn. Cc kt qu nghin cu ca lun
n l mi, v do vy l mt s ng gp tuy nh b nhng c nhiu ngha cho lnh
vc sng n hi. Cc kt qu chnh m lun n thu c l:
1. Pht trin phng php vect phn cc cho pht biu Stroh vi ma trn Stroh
l phc. Phng php p dng khng ch cho cc bi ton nghin cu trong lun n
m cho nhiu bi ton khc.
2. Rt ra c phng trnh tn sc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh trong cc
bn khng gian n hi d hng (trc hng, monoclinic vi mt phng i xng
x3 = 0) nn c, khng nn c, chu iu kin bin tr khng.
3. Xy dng c phng trnh tn sc chnh xc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh
trong bn khng gian n hi c ng sut trc (chu ko nn thun ty v ng
thi chu ko nn v ct) chu iu kin bin tr khng.
4. Thit lp c phng trnh tn sc chnh xc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh
trong bn khng gian n hi monoclinic vi mt phng i xng x3 = 0 quay chu
iu kin bin tr khng v sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi khng nn
c, quay, c gia c ct si chu iu kin bin tr khng.
5. Dn ra c phng trnh tn sc xp x ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng
gian n hi d hng (nn c v khng nn c) c ph lp mng n hi d
hng (nn c v khng nn c).

Cc vn tip tc pht trin sau lun n

1. Tm phng trnh tn sc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian
n hi quay ph lp mng.
2. Tm phng trnh tn sc dng hin ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian
n hi c ph lp mng n hi m tnh cht nn c, khng nn c bn
khng gian v lp l khc nhau.

20
 3. Tm phng trnh tn sc dng tng minh ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng
gian lin kt vi mt bn khng gian khc.

21
Danh mc cng trnh khoa hc ca tc gi lin quan
n lun n
1. Phm Ch Vnh, Trnh Th Thanh Hu (2013), Phng trnh tn sc xp x
ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi monoclinic x3 = 0 c ph lp
mng n hi trc hng, Hi ngh Khoa hc ton quc C hc Vt rn bin dng
ln th XI, pp. 1387-1394.
2. Pham Chi Vinh, Trinh Thi Thanh Hue (2014), Rayleigh waves with impedance
boundary conditions in anisotropic solids, Wave Motion (51), pp. 1082-1092.
3. Pham Chi Vinh, Trinh Thi Thanh Hue (2014), Rayleigh waves with impedance
boundary conditions in incompressible anisotropic half-space, International Journal
of Engineering Science (85), pp. 175-185.
4. Phm Ch Vnh, Trnh Th Thanh Hu (2015), Phng trnh tn sc xp x
ca sng Rayleigh trong bn khng gian n hi monoclinic x3 = 0 c ph lp
mng n hi monoclinic x3=0 khng nn c, Hi ngh Khoa hc ton quc C
hc Vt rn bin dng ln th XII, pp. 1685-1691.

22