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Concept Mapping
Concept Mapping
INTRODUCTION
PAGE NO.
What is Learning?
Learning Strategies
Significance of Strategy
What is Concept?
Concept Attainment
Vee Mapping
INTRODUCTION
using lasers in medical science and using computers in all fields like
not only merely imparted, but makes the learner apply them in
various situations.
in their examinations.
processed.
Bessmer and Smith (1972) argue that important aspects of
vertical task sequence are that a strategy for a task would be learned
the same task, and transferred to a new task involving the same set
strategy for the next more complex task, thereby facilitating learning
concepts.
Bruner and his colleagues pointed out that any concept has
two critical features. The most obvious is the simple differentiation
Flow Charts (A), Cycle Diagrams (B) and Predicability Trees (C) :
the three ways to represent concepts
I
- ,
Phospnate rocks
Disscived
Manne fish Phosphates
(Technical. legal,
Further considerations
reasons, think of
of land application
(4)
I ' rabbit
I
I
I (C)
I
man
91ri
Figure 3
seed in closed
Biochemical Cycles
N~trogen
Cycle
'\
Major quantities of
....... water in earth
....
..._...__
This figure is two concept circle diagrams done by a student in a ninth grade
environmental science course.
framework.
As a research and evaluation tool in science education,
representational tool.
of the map and lower concepts which are less inclusive are arranged
, Psycholog~cal Structure
!
Key concepts extracted and
organized hierarchral~ ~
I
I Text lectures and other sources of ~nfomationtn llnear sequence and sentences
1 1
Source : Learning how to Learn, Joseph D.Nova1 and Bob D.Gowin, 1984, P.54.
Figure 6 11 b
A Concept Map showing Key Concepts and Propositions involved in Concept Mapping.
Linking words together with Concepts form Propositions and these
are shown in a Hierarchical Structure
Ra~ning
Exploston
perception to
Synthes~s
Electronics 1
I
deals with
A Semiconductors I
I
which are
consikts of
1
/
P t! Pe
1
-, ,-
N type
I semiconductor \ >I
sem~conductor ,
---r--- 1 I
consiits of 1 1 consists of
A
1 holes 1 6,
1 electrons 1
are combined to
form
I
1 junction diode 1
, acts as ]
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as J us& in ,
/
r
rect~iier /
A
1 detectors 1 I
A
d~splays /
i
'---r-' I '-T---'
converts 1
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( 1 1 Transator, T.V.
,
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L.E.D.
blight emittng
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13
1. Teaching a Topic
important concepts.
2. Reinforce Understanding
4. Evaluation
Mapping.
planning classroom instruction on the topic before the trip and for
design a complex structure (long texts, hyper media, large web sites
diagnose misunderstanding.
particular field.
The Vee Mapping is a tool for acquiring knowledge about
knowledge and how knowledge is constructed and used. The Vee
First, the Vee points to the events or objects that are at the root of
knowledge production and it is crucial that learners become acutely
knowledge is to be constructed.
and the knowledge an inquiry allows them to consb-uct here and now.
often go awry right at the bottom of the Vee, it is less easy to ignore
the Vee signal, one is less likely to gather the wrong records or fail
science.
procedures and the knowledge and value claims, that derive from
Concepts
Conceptual Structures
Conceptual Methodological
Focus Questions
World views :Nature is Value Claims : The
orderly and knowable. Initiate activiry between the wo worth, either in field or
domains generated by theory. out of field, of the claims
Philosophies :
eg. Human understanding
by Touimin. Knowledge claims : New
generaiizations, produced in
Theories : Logically related Active
the context of inquiry accord-
sets of concepts permitting ing to appropriate and explicit
patterns of reasoning leading n criteria of excellence.
to explanations.
Interplay Interpretations, Explanations
Principles : Conceptual rules and Generalizations : Product
governing the linking of patterns of methodology and prior knowl-
in events; propositional in form; edge used for warrent of claims.
derived from prior knowledge
Results : Representarion ofthe data
claims.
in tables. ch&s and graphs.
Constructs : Ideas which support
Transformations : Ordered facts
reliable theory but without direct ref-
governed by theory of measurement
erence in events or objects.
Conceptual structurer : Structure of
Facts : The judgement based on trust
theory directly used in inquiry.
in method. that records of events or ob-
Statemenis of Regularities or concept
definitions
Records of Events or Objects.
Concepts : Signs or symbols signifying
regulariries in events and shared socially.
They are ideas which support the reliable theory but without
direct reference to events or objects.
Principles
Theories
Philosophy
World View
Focus Question
Transforming
focus question.
Results
Knowledge Claim
Value Claims
Conceptual Ylethodological
Event :
(hearing ice water)
Source : 'Learning how to Learn' Josheph D. Novak
an Bob D. Gowin, 1984, P.63
1.10 Applications of Vee Mapping
Secondary students.
CHAPTER II