Part I

Class XII Chemistry

Chapter 04 Chemicals Knites

Answer 1:
[R ]
Average rate of reaction
t
[ R ]2 [ R ]1
=
t 2 t1
0.02 0.03
= M min 1
25
0.01
= M min 1
25
= 4 104 M min 1
4 104
= M s 1
60
= 6.67 106 M s 1
Answer 2:
1 [ A]
Average rate =
2 t
1 [ A ]2 [ A ]1
=
2 t 2 t1
1 0.4 0.5
=
2 10
1 0.1
=
2 10
= 0.005 mol L - 1 min - 1
= 5 10 - 3M min - 1
Answer 3:
1
The order of the reaction = +2
2
1
2
2
= 2.5
Answer 4:
The reaction X Y follows second order kinetics.
Therefore, the rate equation for this reaction will be:
Rate = k [ X ] (1)
2

Let [X] = a mol1 , then equation (1) can be written as:

Rate1 = k. ( a )2

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 = ka 2
If the concentration of X is increased to three times, then [X] = 3a mol L1
Now, the rate equation will be:
Rate = k ( 3a )2
= 9 ( ka 2 )
Hence, the rate of formation will increase by 9 times.
Answer 5:
From the question, we can write down the following information:
Initial amount = 5 g
Final concentration = 3 g
Rate constant = 1.15 103 s1
We know that for a 1storder reaction,
2.303 [ R ]0
t= log
k [R ]
2.303 5
= 3
log
1.15 10 3
2.303
= 0.2219
1.15 103
= 444.38 s
= 444 s (approx)
Answer 6:
We know that for a 1st order reaction,
0.693
t1/2 =
k
It is given that t1/2 = 60 min
0.693
k=
t1/ 2
0.693
=
60
0.01155min 1
= 1.155 min 1
Answer 7:
The rate constant of a reaction is nearly doubled with a 10 rise in temperature. However, the
exact dependence of the rate of a chemical reaction on temperature is given by Arrhenius
equation,
k = Ae Ea/RT
Where,
A is the Arrhenius factor or the frequency factor

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 T is the temperature
R is the gas constant
E a is the activation energy
Answer 8:
It is given that T1 = 298 K
Therefore, T2 = (298 + 10)K
= 308 K
We also know that the rate of the reaction doubles when temperature is increased by 10 .
Therefore, let us take the value of k1 = k and that of k 2 = 2k
Also, R = 8.314 J K 1 mol1
Now, substituting these values in the equation:
k2 E a T2 T1
log =
k1 2.303R T1T2
We get:
2k Ea 10
log =
k 2.303 8.314 298 308
Ea 10
log 2 =
2.303 8.314 298 308
2.303 8.314 298 308 log 2
Ea =
10
= 52897.78 J mol1
= 52.9 k J mol1

Answer 9:
In the given case:
E a = 209.5 kJ mol1 = 209500 J mol 1
T = 581 K
R = 8.314 J K 1 mol1
Now, the fraction of molecules of reactants having energy equal to or greater than activation
energy is given as:
x = e Ea/ RT
In x = E a / RT
Ea
log x =
2.303RT
209500 J mol 1
log x = = 18.8323
2.303 8.314 J K 1mol 1 581
Now, x = Anti log (18.8323)
= Anti log 19.1677
1.4711019

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