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Traduccion Unit 24 Energy Resources III
Traduccion Unit 24 Energy Resources III
Traduccion Unit 24 Energy Resources III
In the main, conventional power stations burn There is a plentiful, free supply of wind-though it
fossil fuels to boil water and raise steam. The is rather spread around, or diffuse. This means
high-pressure, high-temperature steam is then that large machines have only small power
directed into the blades of a steam turbine - and outputs. Machines with outputs of about 300 kW
makes them rotate. Often, there are a number of are currently favoured but even these are large.
stages in a steam turbine, each using the steam They may be 40 m to the tip of the blade-just
at a slightly lower pressure. Finally, the steam is about as tall as a modern electricity pylon.
condensed back into water and recycled into the
5. Solar power
system.
Direct generation of electricity using
2. Hydroelectric power
photovoltaic cells is now an established
The production of hydroelectricity usually technology. A silicon cell generates a voltage of
requires the construction of a dam across a river, about 0.6 V and a normal module of cells
generally in a deep valley. A large mass of water produces 12 V. Solar cells should not be confused
builds up behind the dam. The water is with solar panels, used to heat hot water in some
conducted through pipes at the bottom of the modern houses.
dam and its potential energy is used to drive
6. Biomass
water turbines. The turbines drive generators to
produce electricity. When organic materials decompose under the
action of naturally occurring bacteria, methane
3. Tidal and wave power
gas is produced. This gas can be burned to
Sometimes, where there is sufficient difference generate heat and drive electricity-generating
in water level between low and high tide, it may turbines as one form of biomass energy.
be possible to build a barrier, or barrage, across
7. Geothermal power
an inlet of water. Gates in the barrage are
opened on a rising tide to allow the basin behind There is considerable heat trapped in the rocks
to fill with water. The gates are then closed beneath the Earths surface- heat generated
before the tide begins to fall. Once a usable head when the Earth was formed and from the
of water has built up between the basin and the continuing radioactive decay of the rocks.
sea outside, the trapped water is released
through large turbine/ generator units.
Generating electricity from the power of the
waves is also being investigated. The oscillating
water column (illustrated inside) is one way of
harnessing this energy. Another method uses
floating booms and hinged flaps which move up
and down with the motion of the waves.
(TRADUCTOR DE OFFICE)
Recursos de energa de 24 Unidad III
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