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Finals MEHB332 Spe Sem 2015 2016
Finals MEHB332 Spe Sem 2015 2016
Finals MEHB332 Spe Sem 2015 2016
PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS
FINAL EXAMINATION
TIME : 2 hours
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
3. Write all answers in the answer booklet provided. Attach chart on page 6 to
your answer script.
Page 1 of 8
MEHB332, Special Semester 2015/2016
Question 1 [25 marks]
P = f (D, N, Q, )
(b) Determine the volume flow rate and pressure rise for the model at sea level if
the rotational speed is 990 rev min-1. [12 marks]
Page 2 of 8
MEHB332, Special Semester 2015/2016
Question 2 [25 marks]
Figure 1
Determine:
(a) Absolute pressure inside the cylinder, Pp in kPa. Is the flow choked?
[6 marks]
Page 3 of 8
MEHB332, Special Semester 2015/2016
Question 3 [20 marks]
Due to the 1973 oil crisis (price spikes and supply disruptions), the speed limit across
the U.S. was reduced from 110 km/hr (~70 mph) to 90 km/hr (~55 mph) in 1974 to
reduce fuel usage and most importantly to reduce the U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
Assume for a normal sedan car, the drag coefficient, CD is 0.35, the frontal area, A is
2.60 m2 and car mileage is 20,000 km/year, fuel heating value is 48 MJ/kg, fuel
density is 700 kg/m3 and engine efficiency is 80%. (Air density, air = 1.23 kg/m3)
(a) What fractional change in fuel consumption (volume) per year results from
driving 90 km/hr instead of 110 km/hr? [9 marks]
(b) Instead of lowering the speed limit, another possible way to reduce fuel
consumption is by using a car with lower drag coefficient. Find the required
drag coefficient, CD of a car that will result in similar reduction of fuel
consumption per year as found in part (a). Is your calculated drag coefficient,
CD achievable in todays car design? Would you suggest to reduce speed limit
or to use a car with lower drag coefficient? Assume the frontal area and other
parameters remain unchanged as stated above. [8 marks]
(c) Formula One racing cars are intended to go very fast. However, the cars are
deliberately designed with drag coefficients close to 1 even though in races,
fuel consumption matters. Why? [3 marks]
Page 4 of 8
MEHB332, Special Semester 2015/2016
Question 4 [30 marks]
Water ( = 9.810 kN/m3, vapor pressure = 1.6909 kPa (abs)) flows in the series
pipeline system as shown in Figure 2. Assume Patm = 101.3 kPa(abs).
K6
K5 K7
Closed tank
P = 50 kPa (gage)
Flow
40 m
K2 K3
Pump
K1
K4
Y
Figure 2
(a) Obtain the system curve equation in the form: hp = A + KQ2, where Q is the
flow rate in L/s. Include major and minor losses. [12 marks]
(b) Plot the system curve (from Part (a)) onto the performance chart given. Please
attach the chart with your answer script. [2 marks]
(c) From the system curve, determine the pump impeller size that operates
between pump heads of 50 ~ 55 m. What is the pump power input?
[4 marks]
(d) From this operating point, estimate the value of NPSHR and determine
whether cavitation occurs when Y = 9 m. [12 marks]
Page 5 of 8
MEHB332, Special Semester 2015/2016
Question 4. Attach this chart with your answer script.
Page 6 of 8
MEHB332, Special Semester 2015/2016
Table of Equation 1:
Compressible Flow
V
Ma
kRT
P RT , Po o RTo To k 1
T 2
To k 1
1 Ma 2
T 2
k
Po k 1 ( k 1)
P 2
k
Po k 1 ( k 1 )
1 Ma 2 1
P 2 o k 1 ( k 1 )
2
1
o k 1 ( k 1 )
1 Ma 2 k 1
2 1 Ma 2
T 2
T k 1
1 2
k 2 k 1 2 x (k 1 )
m AMaPo 1 Ma , where x
RTo 2 2(k 1)
1
1
k 1 2
( k 1 )
k 2
2
y
(k 1 )
1 Ma
m A Po , where y 2
RTo k 1 2(k 1) k 1
2
Z
k 1
1 Ma 2
A 1 2 (k 1)
, where Z
A
Ma k 1 2(k - 1)
1
2
Page 7 of 8
MEHB332, Special Semester 2015/2016
Table of Equation 2:
VD
Re
1
D CD U 2 A
2
1
L CL U 2 A
2
V s2 pv
ps
NPSH
2g
P1 V12 P V2
z1 hP 2 2 z 2 hT hLMa jo r hLMino r
2g 2g
LV2 V2
hL Major f , hL Minor K
D 2g 2g
Page 8 of 8