Solution of Laws of Motion, Work power and energy and rotational of motion

1. (c) Various forces acting on the ball are shown in figure. Using Lamis theorem, according to figure,
T1/sin 1500 = T2/sin 1200 = 10/sin 900 A B
300 600
T1/sin 300 = T2/sin 600 = 10/1
T1 = 10 sin300 = 10 X 0.5 = 5 N, 900 T2
0
T1
and T2 = 10 sin60 = 10 X 3/2 = 53 N. 1500
1200 O

2. (c) Change in momentum = force X time

= area of trapezium OABC, = (10 + 4) X 20 = 140 kg m s-1 W = 10 N
M

3. (d) Equation of motion of the two weights can be written as, m1g T1 = m1a R
T2
or T1 = m1g m1a (i), and T2 m2g = m2a, T2 = m2a + m2g (ii) T1
T2 a
Subtract (ii) from (i), T1 T2 = (m1 m2)g, - (m1 + m2) a .(iii)
2 T1
As torque, = I, or (T1 T2) R = (1/2 MR ). a/R
a m2g
or T1 T2 = Ma/2, Put in (iii), Ma/2 = (m1 m2)g (m1 + m2)a
or a = (m1 m2)g/(m1 + m2 + M/2)
m1g

4. (c) L = mr, = L/mr, Centripetal force (F) = m2/r = m/r (L/mr)2 = L2/mr3.

5. (d) As the floor is frictionless and there is no horizontal force, therefore, momentum must be conserved
in the horizontal direction. i.e.., mu sin = m sin or u sin = sin (i)
And in vertical direction, cos /u cos = e, or cos = eu cos .(ii)
Divide (i) by (ii), we get, or tan = 1/e tan or = tan-1 [1/e tan )

6. (a) Suppose C is centre of mass of the dumb-bell, r1, r2 are distances of m1, m2 from C respectively.
Therefore, moment of inertia of dumb bell about the given axis
r1 r2
I = m1 r12 + m2 r22, (i) Also, r = r1 + r2 and m1r1 = m2r2 = m2 (r r1)
(m1 + m2)r1 = m2r or r1 = m2r/m1 + m2, Similarly, r2 = m1r/m1 + m2
From (i), I = m1 (m2r/m1 + m2)2 + m2 (m1r/m1 + m2)2, I = m1m2r2/m1 + m2 m1 C m2

7. (b) Let mass of each piece (m) = 1 kg, Initial momentum = 0.

Final momentum = p1 + p2 + p3. From the principle of conservation of momentum we have
p1 + p2 + p3 = 0, or p3 = - (p1 + p2) = - (m1 + m2)
= - m (1 + 2) = - 1 kg X (2 + 3) ms-1, p3 = - (2 + 3) kg ms-1
Force F = p3/t = - (2 + 3) kg ms-1/10-5 s, = - (2 + 3) X 105 N.

8. (c) Angular velocity of the motor drill, = 2/60 = 2 X 3000/60

Let be the torque produced by the motor. Power produced = = X 2 X 3000/60
Now, X 2 X 3000/60 = 35% of 350 W, or X 2 X 50 = 35/100 X 350
or = 35 X 350/100 X 2 X 50 = 0.39 N-m

9. (d) tan = 2/rg = (143)2/203 X 9.8 = 14 X 14 X 3/1963, tan = 3 = 600.

10. (a) Let be the velocity when it hits the ground. Then 2 = 02 + 2g X 10 = 02 + 2 X 9.8 X 10
2 2
i.e.., = 0 + 196, Let be the velocity after impact and it reaches the same height 10 m.
2
0 = 2 X 9.8 X 10 = 196 = 14 m/s. Ratio of kinetic energy impact and after impact
1
2
= 12 = 2/2 = 02 + 196/196 = 2, or 02 = 2 X 196 196 = 196 0 = 14 m/s.
2
2

11. (a) Various forces acting on masses m1, m2 and m3 are shown in figure.
Given that mass m1 moves with uniform velocity downwards, hence, T 1 = m1g (i)
For the motion of mass m2, T1 = T2 + km2g cos 370 + m2gsin370 (ii)
 P1
T1 R1
For the motion of mass m3, T2 = km3g (iii)
m2
Substituting for T1 and T2 from (i) and (iii) in eqn. (ii) T1 T2
m1g = km3g + km2cos 370 + m2sin 370 370 R2
m1 T2 P2
or m1 = km3 + km2cos 370 + m2sin 370 kR1
T2
4 3 4 12
= X 4 + X 4 X + 4 X = 1 + + = 4.2 kg. m2 g
m1g 370 m3
5 5 5 5 kR2

12. (c) T2 = km3g = X 4 X 9.8 = 9.8 N m3g

13. (a) Potential energy, U = kx2 = k (F/k)2 = F2/2k

U1 X k1 = U2 X k2 or U1/U2 = k2/k1 = 2000/1000 = 2/1

14. (d) Total kinetic energy, K = Kr + kt, = I2 + m2 = X (2/5 mr2) 2 + m2

1
( )2
=1/5 m2 + m2 = 7/10 m2 [or = r], Kr/K = 7
5
= 2/7
( ) 2
10

15. (b) The position of centre of mass of a system does not depend upon the forces on the particle.]

16. (a) Loss of kinetic energy = gain in elastic potential energy, m2 = kx2 or 0.5 X (1.5)2 = 50 X x2
2 2 2
or x = 0.5 X (1.5) /50 = (1.5) /1000 x = 1.5/10 = 0.15 m.
O
17. (a) Length of each side of hexagon = 2L and mass of each side = m. Let O be the
centre of mass of hexagon. Therefore, perpendicular distance of O from each side,
r = Ltan600 = L3, the desired moment of inertia of hexagon about O is r
I = 6 [Ione side] = 6 [m(2L)2/12 + mr2], = 6 [mL2/3 + m (L3)2] = 20mL2. 600

18. (c) As = 2/T and T is same, therefore, must be same. i.e.., 1/2 = 1. 2L

19. (c) As F S-1/3, therefore, acceleration, a S-1/3

a = d/dt = d/dS. dS/dt = d/dS i.e.., = d/dS S-1/3
Integrating both sides, i.e. 1/3 , 2 S2/3 or S1/3.
-1/3 1/3 0
As P = F. or PS S or P S , i.e.., power is independent of S.

20. (c) Applying Lamis theorem, T1/sin (900 + ) = T2/sin (900 + ) = mg/sin [1800 ( + )]
or T1/cos = T2/cos = mg/sin ( + ), or T1 = mg cos/sin ( + ); T2 = mg cos /sin ( + )

21. (b) The torque acting on a body is given by = d/dt

In case of planet orbiting around sun no torque is acting on it.
Or 0 = d/dt or (angular momentum) = constant.

22. (d) The acceleration along the smooth inclined plane is g sin , which is less than g. Therefore, the blocks
take different times to reach the bottom, the block falling vertically reaches earlier. The speed of
each block on reaching the bottom is = 2, where h is the height of the inclined plane.

23. (d) F = - - = 7 - 24 , or ax = Fx/m = 7/5 = 1.4 m/s2 along +ve x-axis

ay = Fy/m = - 24/5 = - 4.8 m/s2 along negative y-axis, or x = axt = 1.4 X 2 = 2.8 m/s
y
and y = ayt = - 4.8 X 2 = - 9.6 m/s, or = 2 + 2 = 10 m/s.
C B A
24. (c) Acceleration of the rope, a = (F/M) .(i) T T F
Now, considering the motion of the part AB of the rope [which has
L
mass (M/L)y and acceleration given by eq. (i)] assuming that tension at B is T.

F T = ( y) X a or F T = y X = Fy/L, or T = F F = F (1 - ).

25. (b) For A : T 2g = 2a .(i), For B : T1 + 2g T = 2a (ii)

T a
For C : 2g T1 = 2a (iii) Adding eq. (i) and (ii), we get a T
A B

T1
2g
 T1 = 4a (iv) From eqns. (iii) and (iv),
From eqns. (ii) and (iv), 2g 4a = 2a, or a = g/3 (v)
From eqns. (iv) and (v) T1 = 4 X 9.8/3 = 13 N. axis
A B
450
26. (d) or = X , or . = . ( X ) = 0, Also, . = . ( X ) = 0
O
27. (d) AO cos 450 = l/2, or AO X 1/2 = l/2, or AO = l/2
I = ID + IB + IC, or I = 2ml /2 + m (2l/2)2
2 D C
I = 2ml2/2 + 4ml2/2, or I = 6ml2/2 = 3ml2. l/2
l
28. (a) The situation is shown in the figure.
Equating the total initial and final momentum along x and y directions, we get
y
m1 + 0 = (m + M) cos .(i), 0 + M2 = (m + M) sin (ii)

Squaring and adding equations (i) and (ii), we get (m + M)
(m1)2 + (M2)2 = (M + m)22, The final momentum p = (M + m) A m1
x
= (1 )2 + (2 )2 M2
B
29. (b) Dividing eqn. (ii) by eqn. (i), we get, tan = M2/m1 or = tan-1 (M2/m1).

30. (a) The initial kinetic energy f the system, = m12 + M22
Final kinetic energy = (M + m)2, = 1/2 (M + m) [(m1)2 + (M2)2],
Decrease in total kinetic energy is given by
K = [1/2 m12 + M22] X {1/M + m} [(m1)2 + (M2)2], = Mm/(M + m) (12 + 22)
Fraction of kinetic energy transformed into heat

= 1 2 1 2 = (Mm/M + m) (12 + 22/m12 + M22)
( ) +( )
2 1 2 2