Professional Documents
Culture Documents
3 Workbook-Performance MGNT
3 Workbook-Performance MGNT
L thuyt X
L thuyt Y
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OCD 2009
1. S tiu ph v mt n lc vt cht v tinh thn trong cng vic lm l iu t nhin cng
nh l chi hay ngh;
2. Con ngi s bit t tm phng hng v t kim ch hng theo cc mc tiu h
gn b;
3. Con ngi bnh thng khng nhng ch hc cch chp nhn m cn hc cch tm thy
trch nhim;
4. Sc tng tng ca con ngi, c thng minh sng to rt l ph bin trong m ng;
5. Trong cuc sng cng nghip v hin i, tim lc tr tu ca con ngi bnh thng ch
c s dng mi c mt phn.
Nh vy, theo l thuyt Y, nh qun l ch cn khch l nhn vin lm vic bi h lun t
gic hng ti iu tt, khi dy tim nng tr tu ca h v khng cn mt quy nh cht ch
no c.
1.3 Qun l theo mc tiu (P.F. Drucker Management by Objectives hay MBO)
Tuy bt ngun t cc doanh nghip ca M, nhng trng phi qun l theo l thuyt Z c
pht trin v p dng rng ri nhiu hn cc doanh nghip Nht Bn. Trng phi ny ch
trng khng ch vo qun l kt qu ca nhn vin m cn c n lc ca h na, bi cc nh
qun l cho rng tuy mc tiu c t ra nhng khng phi lc no cng t c do c
nhiu yu t bn ngoi tc ng. Do , theo cc nh qun l Nht Bn, n lc ca nhn vin
cn c xem xt cng vi kt qu ca h. T y, cc cng c nh gi c pht trin
c th kt hp qun l c c hai yu t ny.
1.5 Qun l bng cch i tua (T. Peters & R. Waterman Management by
Wandering Around hay MBWA)
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OCD 2009
Theo cch qun l ny, nh qun l phi dnh mt phn thi gian ng k ti gp nhn vin,
khch hng v nh cung cp hiu h lm nhng vic g v h cn nhng g. T cc nh
qun l c th tm ra cch thc kch thch v thc y ng c nhn vin mun ci thin
thnh tch ca mnh. MBWA i hi nh qun l phi c tc phong ch ng i ng vi cc
tnh hung ny sinh, a ra nhng cu tr li nhanh nht v chnh xc nht cho nhn vin ca
mnh gip h lm vic hiu qu nht, l cch km cp trn cng vic hiu qu nht.
2.1 Mc tiu
nh gi kt qu cng vic phc v 2 mc tiu c bn sau:
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OCD 2009
Thu ht v tuyn chn: Cc th hng nh gi thc hin cng vic c th c ch cho
vic d on kt qu cng vic trong tng lai ca cc ng c vin. V d mt ngi
qun l thnh cng nht trong mt cng ty s c nhng hnh vi nht nh khi thc
hin mt cng vic no . Cc s liu ny c th dng so snh vi kt qu trc
nghim ca cc ng c vin. Hoc khi xc nh tnh xc thc ca cc trc nghim
trong tuyn chn, th cc th hng c th c s dng nh mt bin so snh vi
im ca cc trc nghim.
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OCD 2009
Ph bin cc thng tin v
KQCV cho ngi lao ng
v c cc bin php
khuyn khch h thc hin
Xc nh tiu cng vic tt hn
thc
o lng
tiu thc no nn c KQCV
s dng nh gi
Qun l
KQCV
Kt qu cng vic l tt
hay khng
Cc tiu thc nh lng: Nh s lng sn phm t cht lng sn xut ra, thi gian
sn xut ra mt sn phm...
Cc tiu thc nh tnh: Nh k nng c nhn (k nng lnh o, quan h), lng nhit
tnh, tinh thn hp tc...
Tnh lin quan: Cc tiu thc nh gi kt qu cng vic nn o lng nhng g c lin
quan n mc tiu ca cng vic. Tt c cc kha cnh c lin quan n thc hin cng
vic nn c xc nh bi cc nhim v v trch nhim trong bn m t cng vic.
Sau khi c cc tiu thc nh gi, kt qu cng vic ca tng c nhn hoc tng nhm
ngi lao ng s c nh gi da vo cc tiu thc ny. Tuy nhin, c nhng tiu thc rt
d o lng nhng cng c nhng tiu thc rt kh lng ho c. V d nh khi nh gi
kh nng qun l ca mt ngi no th rt kh xc nh c vic qun l ca ngi
l rt tt, tt hay trung bnh.
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OCD 2009
Bc cui cng trong vic nh gi kt qu cng vic ca ngi lao ng l lm th no
khuyn khch, qun l ngi lao ng h c th ci thin c kt qu lao ng ca h
hn na. Mc ch ca bc ny nhm:
Nguyn nhn 1: Ngi lao ng khng th thc hin c cng vic bi v h khng bit
c phi lm ci g v lm th no thc hin c cng vic. Chnh v vy, h khng th
thc hin c ng cc tiu chun ca cng vic.
Nguyn nhn 2: Ngi lao ng c kh nng thc hin c cng vic nhng h khng
mun v khng nhit tnh lm vic t c cc tiu chun ca cng vic.
Xy dng v thc hin cc gii php: Vi mi loi nguyn nhn nh trn th nh qun l
cn a ra cc loi gii php khc nhau
Nhc im: - Khng r khong cch khc bit gia cc nhm cng vic vi nhau
- Khng cung cp cc thng tin tuyt i v u v nhc im ca cc c nhn
nh gi tuyt i:
L phng php nh gi i hi ngi qun l nh gi v tnh hnh thc hin cng vic ca
mt nhn vin da trn cc tiu chun nh gi.
V d v nh gi tuyt i
Tiu thc Kt qu
1. Khi lng cng vic 5 4 3 2 1
2. Cht lng cng vic 5 4 3 2 1
3. Tnh c lp 5 4 3 2 1
4. Tnh hp tc 5 4 3 2 1
5. Thi lm vic 5 4 3 2 1
7. Kh nng v hoi bo cho pht trin trong tng lai 5 4 3 2 1
8. Hon thnh cng vic ni chung 5 4 3 2 1
Trong : 5: Xut sc
4: Rt tt
3: Chp nhn c
2: Khng chp nhn c
1: Qu km
Cu hi: Trong mt cng ty gia cng may mc, s lng sn phm hon chnh lm c
trong qu I/2006 ca 2 cng nhn A v B tng ng l 100 v 115. nh mc ca cng ty l
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OCD 2009
112 sn phm/ cng nhn/ qu. Hy a ra mt s mnh v vic nh ga kt qu cng
vic theo ch tiu s lng sn phm ca hai cng nhn A v B theo phng php nh gi
tng i v tuyt i.
nh gi theo kt qu:
L phng php nh gi i hi ngi qun l nh gi kt qu cng vic m ngi lao
ng t c.
Li dung ha Trnh vic nh gi nhn vin cc mc cao nht hoc thp nht
2.6 Chu k nh gi
Tu theo tng mc ch ca vic nh gi kt qu cng vic, cc t chc c th la chn cc
chu k nh gi khc nhau. Thng thng, nhng bn nh gi cng vic chnh thc thng
c thc hin mi nm hoc 6 thng mt ln. Tuy nhin, c mt s cng vic i hi t
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OCD 2009
chc phi nh gi trong mt chu k thi gian ngn hn, v d nh cng vic ca nhn vin
phng bn hng th vic nh gi c th thc hin theo chu k hng qu hoc hng thng.
2.7 Ph bin kt qu nh gi
Qu trnh ph bin kt qu nh gi thng c thc hin di hnh thc tip xc gia
ngi nh gi v nhn vin. Mc ch ca vic ph bin kt qu l gip nhn vin bit kt
qu cng vic ca h ang mc no v h cn ci tin nhng bc no c c kt qu
cng vic tt hn. Vic ph bin kt qu cng vic c th c thc hin theo 2 cch:
Ph bin mt cch chnh thc: Thng qua cc cuc hp thng bo tnh hnh thc
hin cng vic ca tng ngi.
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OCD 2009