Into The... Variolae Vaccinae... Known... (As) ... The Cow Pox, in Which He Described The Protective

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Edward Jenner, FRS (/dnr/; 17 May 1749 26 January 1823) was an English physician

and scientist who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine, the world's first vaccine.[1][2] The terms
"vaccine" and "vaccination" are derived from Variolae vaccinae (smallpox of the cow), the
term devised by Jenner to denote cowpox. He used it in 1798 in the long title of his Inquiry
into the...Variolae vaccinae...known...[as]...the Cow Pox, in which he described the protective
effect of cowpox against smallpox.[3]

Jenner is often called "the father of immunology", and his work is said to have "saved more
lives than the work of any other human".[4][5][6] A member of the Royal Society, in the field of
zoology he was the first person to describe the brood parasitism of the cuckoo. In 2002,
Jenner was named in the BBC's list of the 100 Greatest Britons

Returning to London in 1811, Jenner observed a significant number of cases of smallpox after
vaccination. He found that in these cases the severity of the illness was notably diminished by
previous vaccination. In 1821, he was appointed physician extraordinary to King George IV,
a great national honour, and was also made mayor of Berkeley and justice of the peace.[30] He
continued to investigate natural history, and in 1823, the last year of his life, he presented his
"Observations on the Migration of Birds" to the Royal Society.[30]

Jenner was found in a state of apoplexy on 25 January 1823, with his right side paralysed. He
never fully recovered and eventually died of an apparent stroke, his second, on 26 January
1823, aged 73. He was buried in the Jenner family vault at the Church of St. Mary's,
Berkeley, Gloucestershire.[33] Jenner was survived by one son and one daughter, his elder son
having died of tuberculosis aged 21.

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