Last Lecture Important Reminders Gravity far from the Surface

Intro to Gravity

Today Exam #3 is next Friday at 10am. Force depends on:

More on Gravity Current MasteringPhysics due tonight. the product of the two masses
the inverse square of the distance
Important Concepts Pset #9 due this Friday. Nm 2
a universal constant: G = 6.673 ! 10 "11
Gravity depends on the product of the two masses and IAP class schedule is posted under General Info. kg 2
the inverse of the distance squared.
Next MasteringPhysics due next Monday.
In the standard convention, the PE of gravity is negative. Force points along the line between the two objects
Escape velocity is the speed needed to get very far in the direction to cause attraction
away from something but with no speed left over. GM 1 M 2
FG = ! r
r2
8.01L Fall 2005 11/29/2005 8.01L Fall 2005 11/29/2005 8.01L Fall 2005 11/29/2005

Applications PE of Gravity Gravity Summary

GM 1 M 2
Circular orbits A multitude of minus signs! Force: FG = ! r
! !B r2
Straightforward F=ma problem Recall the general formula: PE(B) ! PE(A) = ! " Fids
Work & Energy
A
GM 1 M 2
Since only the difference matters, we pick some Energy: PE(r) = !
Beware of the minus sign! point A and define PE(A)=0. For gravity, the r
standard convention is to define A = !
Escape velocity r ! r
$ GM 1 M 2 ' Escape velocity: ETotal = KE + PE = 0
The minimum speed needed to get very far away from So: PE(r) = ! # Fidr = ! # & ! r ) idr
some object " "
% r2 (

GM 1 M 2
And the final result: PE(r) = !
r
8.01L Fall 2005 11/29/2005 8.01L Fall 2005 11/29/2005 8.01L Fall 2005 11/29/2005