3 GRAMMAR gerunds and infinitives

a C o m p lete T h e right j o b f o r y o u q u estio n n aire by

p u ttin g th e verbs in th e c o rre c t fo rm , th e gerund
(e.g., w orking) o r in fin itiv e (e.g., to w ork).

b R ead th e q u estio n n aire and ch e ck (/) on ly the

sen ten ces th a t you strongly agree w ith . D iscu ss
you r answ ers w ith an o th er student.

c N ow see in w hich group(s) you have the m ost check

m arks, and go to > - Communication T he right jo b
fo r y ou p.107. D o you agree w ith the results?

d L o o k at th e sen ten ces in th e q u estio n n aire.

C o m p lete th e ru les w ith th e gerund o r th e
The right job for you -
infinitive. MATCH YOUR PERSONALITY TO THE JOB
1 A fter som e verbs,
e.g., enjoy, don t mind u se ... ____________ 1 I'd like to work as part of a team. w ork
2 A fter som e verbs, 2 I e n jo y ______ people w ith their problems, help
e.g., would like u se ... ____________
3 I don't m in d ______ a ve ry large salary. not earn
3 A fter adjectives u se ... ____________
4 I'm go o d a t ______ to people. listen
4 A fter prepositions u se ... ____________
5 As the subject o f a phrase or
sentence u se ... ____________ 5 I'm good a t _____ quick decisions.
6 _risks doesn't w orry me.
e > p.147 Grammar Bank 8B. L earn m ore ab ou t
gerunds and in fin itiv e s, and p ractice them . 7 I'm happy_____ by myself. work
8 I'm not afraid o f _____ large amounts
f C h o o s e fi v e o f th e c ircle s below of money.
and w rite so m eth in g in them .
something you
enjoy doing on 9 I'm good a t _____ myself. express
somebody Sunday mornings
you find very 10 I always t r y _____ my instincts. follow
easy to talk to something you
are planning to 11 It's important for m e _____ creative. be
do in the summer 12 I e n jo y_____ . improvise

a country
a job you youd like to 13 ___ com plex calculations is not do
hate doing in
visit in the future difficult form e.
the house
14 I e n jo y ______ logical problems. solve
a sport, activity,
or hobby you 15 I find it e a s y ______ theoretical un derstand
love playing or doing, principles.
but never have time for 16 I am a b le ______ space and distance. calculate
something somebody you
youre afraid wouldnt like to go
of doing on vacation with

a job
youd love
to do

g W ork in grou ps. T ell th e oth ers about w hat you

put in yo u r circle s, and answ er th e ir qu estion s.

I'm going to tell you about som eone I find really

easy to talk to. It's m y uncle...

Online Practice 8B 79
 8B
gerunds and infinitives M o r e v e rb s ta k e th e in f in itiv e th a n th e g e ru n d .
T h e s e c o m m o n v e rb s c a n ta k e e ith e r th e in f in itiv e
gerund (verb + -ing) start,
o r g e ru n d w ith n o d iffe r e n c e in m e a n in g :
begin, continue, e .g ., It started to rain. It started
1 I m n o t v ery good at remembering n a m e s . 4 46))) raining.
given up eating ju n k fo o d .
K a t i e s
2 Driving a t n ig h t is v e ry tir in g . Verb + person + infinitive
Shopping is m y fa v o r ite t h in g to d o o n w e e k e n d s. We also use the infinitive after some verbs,
3 I hate not being o n tim e f o r th in g s . e.g., ask, tell, want, would like+ person.
I dont mind getting up early . Can you ask the manager to come?
She told him not to worry.
W e u se th e g e ru n d (v e rb + -ing) I want you to do this now.
1 a f t e r p r e p o s itio n s an d p h r a s a l v e rb s. We'd realty like you to come.
2 a s th e s u b je c t o f a s e n te n c e .
3 hate, spend, dont mind.
a f t e r s o m e v e rb s , e .g .,
the base form
C o m m o n v e r b s th a t ta k e th e g e ru n d in c lu d e : admit, avoid, deny,
dislike, enjoy, feel like, finish, hate, keep, like, love, mind, miss,
1 I cant drive. 4 48)))
practice, prefer, recommend, spend time, stop, suggest, a n d p h ra s a l
W e must hurry.
v e rb s, e .g ., give up, go on, e tc .
2 S h e a lw a y s makes m e laugh.
T h e n e g a tiv e g e ru n d = not + v erb + -ing
M y p a r e n ts d id n t let m e go o u t la s t n ig h t.

the infinitive
W e u se th e b a s e fo rm
1 a f t e r m o s t m o d a l a n d a u x ilia r y v e rb s.
1 M v a p a r tm e n t is v e ry easy to find. 4 47)))
2 S im o n is s a v in g m o n e y to buy a n e w c a r.
2 a fte r m ake a n d let.
3 M y s is t e r h a s n e v e r learned to drive. Try not to make n o is e .
C j Verbs that can take a gerund or an infinitive,
but the meaning is different
W e u se th e in f in itiv e
Try to be on time. (- make an effort to be on
1 a f t e r a d je c tiv e s . time)
2 to e x p r e s s a r e a s o n o r p u rp o s e . Try doing yoga. (= do it to see if you like it)
3 a f t e r s o m e v e rb s , e .g ., want, need, learn. Remember to call him. (= don't forget to do it)
(cant) afford, agree,
C o m m o n v e rb s th a t ta k e th e in f in itiv e in c lu d e :
I remember meeting him years ago. (= I have a
memory of it)
decide, expect, forget, help, hope, learn, need, offer, plan, pretend,
promise, refuse, remember, seem, try, want, would like.
T h e n e g a tiv e in f in itiv e = not to + v erb .

a (C ir c le ) th e c o r r e c t fo rm . b C o m p l e t e w i t h a v e r b f r o m t h e l i s t in t h e c o r r e c t f o r m .

I m i n c h a r g e o f ^ecruitinjpl to recruit n e w s t a f f .
not buy commute leave lock not make
1 I t s i m p o r t a n t f o r m e spending / to spend t i m e w ith m y retire set-up wear work not worry
fa m ily .
2 Applying / A pply f o r a jo b c a n b e c o m p lic a t e d . I d lik e to set up m y o w n c o m p a n y .
3 T h e m a n a g e r ask ed m e not saying / not to say a n y t h in g 1 M y p a r e n t s a r e p l a n n i n g ___________b e f o r e t h e y a r e 6 5 .
a b o u t t h e d o w n s iz in g . 2 R o b s p e n d s t h r e e h o u r s ___________t o w o r k a n d b a c k
4 M y b o s s w a n ts m e start / to start w o r k e a r lie r . e v e r y day.

5 B e c a re fu l not asking / not to ask h e r a b o u t h e r 3 M a r k s w i f e to ld h i m ___________a b o u t t h e p r o b le m s h e

b o y f r ie n d - th e y b r o k e u p. had a t w o rk .

6 W e kep t w orking / to w ork u n t il w e f in is h e d . 4 D id y o u r e m e m b e r ___________ t h e d o o r ?

7 D a v e is v e r y g o o d a t solving / to solve lo g ic p r o b le m s . 5 In t h e e n d I d e c i d e d ___________t h e s h o e s b e c a u s e th e y

8 T h e b e s t t h i n g a b o u t w e e k e n d s is not going / not to go w e r e v e r y e x p e n s iv e .

to w o rk . 6 T h e m a n a g e r le t s u s ___________ e a r ly o n F r id a y s .

9 L a y la g a v e u p modeling / to m odel w h e n s h e h a d a b a b y . 7 A ll e m p lo y e e s m u s t ___________a ja c k e t a n d tie a t w o r k .

1 0 1 to o k a tr a in in g c o u r s e to learning / to learn a b o u t t h e 8 P le a s e t r y ___________a n y m o r e m is t a k e s i n t h e r e p o r t .

n ew so ftw a re . 9 1 d o n t m i n d ___________o v e r t im e d u r in g t h e w e e k .

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