UNIQUE NUMBERS

If a number A n consisting of n consecutive digits in ascending order is subtracted from the number A n ' obtained by reversing the digits of A n,
then the difference is always a constant. This constant is termed as the Unique number U n as reported by me earlier in [1].

For example, a 3-digit number 345 if subtracted from its reverse 543, yields a difference of 198. Thus U3 = 198. Another 3-digit number, say,
678 if subtracted from its reverse 876 will also yield the same difference, that is, 198. Thus for any number consisting of 3 consecutive digits,
the Unique number U3 is always 198. Similarly for a number consisting of 4 consecutive digits, the Unique number U4 = 3087. Given below is
a table of Unique numbers from U2 to U10 (U1 = 0).

U2 = 09

U3 = 198

U4 = 3087

U5 = 41976

U6 = 530865

U7 = 6419754

U8 = 75308643

U9 = 864197532

U 10 = 9753086421

A glance at the table will reveal the following fascinating characteristics of Unique numbers:

1. The digital root, that is, the ultimate sum of the digits of any Unique number is 9.

2. From U 4 to U10, the first digit of any Unique number U n is n-1 and the sum of the first and last digits is 10. On removing the first and
last digits, the remaining number is Un-2 1. For example, in U5 = 41976, the sum of the first and last digits is 4 + 6 = 10, the first digit
is n-1 = 5 1 = 4. On removing the first and last digits, the remaining number is 197 which is U3 1 = 198 1 = 197. Thus, knowing U 2
and U3 , we can get subsequent Unique numbers from U4 to U10 .

3. On removing the top digit in a column, the remaining digits are in the same sequence as in subsequent columns. For example, in the
seventh column (from left), if the top digit 3 is removed, the remaining digits 1, 0, 9, 8, 7 and 6 are in the same sequence as in the eighth
column.

4. The middle digit of U2n+1 (where n = 1, 2, 3 and 4) is always 9, while the two middle digits of U2n (where n = 2, 3, 4 and 5) are always
08).

5. U 9 contains all the digits from 1 to 9 and U 10 contains all the digits from 0 to 9.

6. If we take the difference of two consecutive Unique numbers, that is, (Un+1 - Un ), we get the following interesting pattern.

U2 U1 = 09

U3 U2 = 189

U4 U3 = 2889

U5 U4 = 38889

U6 U5 = 488889

U7 U6 = 5888889

U8 U7 = 68888889

U9 U8 = 788888889

U 10 U 9 = 8888888889
 U 10 U 9 = 8888888889

It can be seen that the first digit of all numbers gradually increases from 0 to 8, the last digit is 9 and the remaining digits are 8.

All the above properties were reported earlier in [1].

Let Un ' denote the number obtained from a Unique number Un by writing its decimal digits in reverse order. For example U 3 = 198, so
U 3 ' = 891. The following interesting pattern is obtained by summing Un and Un '.

U3+ U3' = 1089

U4+ U4' = 10890

U5+ U5' = 109890

U6+ U6' = 1098900

U7+ U7' = 10998900

U 8 +U8 ' = 109989000

U9+ U9' = 1099989000

U 10 + U10' = 10999890000

Abhinav Sharma vide his email dated 22-02-2015 informed that If we divide the difference of two consecutive Unique numbers by 9,

that is, (U n+1 - Un )/9, we get the following interesting pattern.

(U2 U 1 )/9 = 1

(U3 U 2 )/9 = 21

(U4 U 3 )/9 = 321

(U5 U 4 )/9 = 4321

(U6 U 5 )/9 = 54321

(U7 U 6 )/9 = 654321

(U8 U 7 )/9 = 7654321

(U9 U 8 )/9 = 87654321

(U10 U 9 )/9 = 987654321

Relation of Unique numbers with Kaprekar Constant:

If 4-digit Kaprekar constant is denoted by K4 i.e. 6174 and the reverse of K4 by K4 ' i.e. 4716 then it can be noted that U 4 + U4 ' = K4 +
K4 ' i.e.

3087 + 7803 = 10890 = 6174 + 4716

Similarly for 3-digit Kaprekar constant, we get K3 = 495 and K3 ' = 594, So

It can be noted that U 3 + U3 ' = K3 + K3 ' i.e.

198 + 891 = 1089 = 495 + 594

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[1] Unique Numbers, S. S. Gupta, Science Today, January 1988, India.