Sivadath k.

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UT-KOCHI
 APPANDAGE
&
TYPES
Appandages :something which
is attached or mounted in the
ship's hull is known as
appandages
Eg: rudder,propeller,Skeg,Bilgr keel,Bow

thruster,Zinc anode,Stabilizer,etc
 1: RUDDER

A vertical blade at the stern of a

vessel that can be turned
horizontally to change the vessel's
direction when in motion.
Rudder angle is upto 35 degree

Trammel gauge( L shaped

instrument) is used for checking

rudder drop
 TYPES OF RUDDER
Balanced rudde

Semi-balanced skeg
rudder

Full skeg rudder

Spade rudder
 Balanced rudder
Open stern frame with
a bottom pin which is
a sopport bolt or pin
with a bearing.
The upper bearing is
inside the hull.
Mainly used in tugs
and single screw
marchant ships.
 Semi balanced skeg rudder
Also known as a
horn rudder or a
marine rudder. The
movable part of the
rudder is supported
by a fixed skeg with
a pindle at the
bottom of the skeg.
 Full skeg rudder
An unbalanced rudder,
the rudder is supported
by a fixed skeg with a
pindle at bottom.
Applied manily to large
sailing yatches but also
applied as hydro
planes on under water
vechicles.
 Spade rudder
A type of sailboat rudder
that is fastened only to
the rudderpost and not to
the keel or transom.
applied extensively to
single and twin screw
vessels including small
power crafts,yatches,
ferries, warships and
some large marchant
ships.
Also employed as sub-
marines and other under
water vechicles
 2: SKEG
A brace that
extends from the
rear of the keel to
support the
rudderpost.
 A skeg (or skag) is a
sternward extension of the
keel of boats and ships
which have a rudder
mounted on the centre line.
The term also applies to the
lowest point on an outboard
motor
 3:STABILIZER
A device for

making
something stable.

A gyroscopic
device used to
stabilize the
rolling motion of
a ship
 stabilizer fins are generally rectangular in shape and
are attached in pair on each side to provide the
necessary balance to the ship. The size of the fins
depends on various factors such as the ship's breadth,
length, displacement etc. However, compared to the
size of the ship, the size of the fins is relatively quite
small.
 4:BILGE KEEL
It is used to reduce a ship's
tendency to roll.
Bilge keels are employed in
pairs (one for each side of the
ship).
A ship may have more than
one bilge keel per side, but
this is rare.
Bilge keels increase hydro-
dynamics resistance to rolling,
making the ship roll less.
 5:SACRIFICIAL ANODE SYSTEM
metallurgy an
electropositive
metal, such as zinc,
that protects a more
important
electronegative part
by corroding when
attacked by
electrolytic action
 The anodes are
usually Zinc or
Aluminium.

Zinc anode
 6:PROPELLER
A marine propeller is a propulsion device
which converts the power transmitted from
the engine into a thrust force to propel the
vessel.
 CHARACTERISTICS
It consists of a number of
identical twisted blades
usually 3-5 equally
spaced arround the hub
or boss. The hub or boss
is mounted on the
propeller shaft. The hub
Propeller
of is made
the propeller is fitted at
up of
one endmainly
of the propeller
shaft by means bronze,
manganese of a nut.
stainless steel and
phosphorus bronze.
 Pitch of the propeller ;
pitch of the propeller is the apparant
distance moved by the propeller on
its axis on one rotation of the
propeller.
TYPES OF PROPELLER

Fixed pitch propeller

Variable pitch propeller
Ducted propeller
Skeg propeller
 Fixed pitch propeller
Fixed pitch propeller
has fixed blades
which are integral
with the propeller
boss.
The blades are fitted
at an angle which
gives a permanent
pitch for the propeller.
 Variable pitch propeller
A controllable pitch propeller
(CPP) or variable pitch
propeller is a type of propeller
with blades that can be rotated
around their long axis to
change their pitch.
If the pitch can be set to
negative values, the reversible
propeller can also create
reverse thrust for braking or
going backwards without the
need of changing the direction
of shaft revolutions.
 It is provided with
detachable propeller
blades.
The blades are
mounted on a
angular slotted
sliding block house
in a hollow hub.
A pitch control rod is
attached to the
angular block.
 Ducted propeller
A ducted propeller, also known as
a Kort nozzle, is a propeller fitted
with a non-rotating nozzle.
It is used to improve the efficiency
of the propeller and is especially
used on heavily loaded propellers
or propellers with limited diameter.

which is shaped like a foil,

offers advantages for certain
conditions over bare propellers .
 Skeg propeller
High propulsion
performance.
Variable straights

distribution.
Low noises and

vibrations levels.
Reduction of the fuel

consumption .
 7:BOW THRUSTER
Bow thrusters are type of propellers, which are
smaller in size and which help in better
maneuverability of the ships at lower speeds. They
are generally used for maneuvering the vessel near
the coastal waters or while entering or leaving a port.
Bow thrusters help in assisting tug boats in berthing
the ship without wasting time.
 8:BULBOUS BOW
A bulbous bow is a protruding
bulb at the bow (or front) of a
ship just below the waterline.
The bulb modifies the way the
water flows around the hull,
reducing drag and thus
increasing speed, range,
fuel efficiency, and stability.
 SONAR
SONAR(SOund
Navigation And
Ranging) is fitted
bottom of the hull.
Used to detect sub
marines, ice-bergs,
fish school and other
under water objects.
 An echo-sounder is
also fitted bottom of
ship's hull.
Used to measure
the depth of sea.
 Reference;
class4exam.com/mmd
dictionary.reference.com/browse/skeg
www.thefreedictionary.com/Stabilizer+
www.brighthubengineering.com/naval-architecture/47686-types-
of-ship-stabilizers-fin-stabilizer
www.masson-marine.com/en/propeller-cpp-and-fpp
www.marineinsight.com/tech/auxiliary-machinery/bow-
thrusters
www.olds.com.au/marine/maximizing_propulsion
www.propulsionnaval.com/eng/productos-skew.php

www.cathodicme.com/sacp.html
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