1 :

1 :

www.ttmed.psu.ac.th

. 1: .
, 2560: 151
1.
2.

ISBN: 978-616-271-406-1

:
:


:

:


3,5,7,8,102,103,143,151
107

:
1: 2560


4





2 2

3

2 ( 2 ) 3 ( )
4 () 5 () 7 () 9 ()
10 ( )

() 62

()





6





20

8

(habit)

C = Climber
Ex = Exotic
H = Herb
S = Shrub
ST = Shrub Tree
T = Tree

1.
(genus) Cycas sp.
2.

- . 2547.
5: . : .
- . 2544.
:
72 5
2544. : .
3.
unknown


6
8
1.
1.1 2 12
1.2 2 14
1.3 2 16
1.4 2 18
1.5 2 20
1.6 2 22
1.7 2 24
1.8 2 26
1.9 2 28
1.10 2 30
1.11 2 32
1.12 2 34
1.13 2 36
1.14 2 38
1.15 2 40
1.16 2 42
1.17 2 44
1.18 2 46
2.
2.1 2 50
2.2 2 52
2.3 2 54
2.4 2 56
2.5 2 58
2.6 2 60
2.7 2 62
2.8 2 64
2.9 2 66
2.10 2 68
2.11 2 70
2.12 2 72
2.13 2 74
2.14 2 76


2.15 2 78
2.16 2 80
2.17 2 82
2.18 2 84
2.19 2 86
2.20 2 88
2.21 2 90
2.22 2 92
2.23 2 94
2.24 2 96
3.
3.1 2 100
3.2 2 102
3.3 2 104
3.4 2 106
3.5 2 108
3.6 2 110
3.7 2 112
4. ()
4.1 2 114
4.2 2 116
4.3 2 118
4.4 2 120
4.5 2 122
4.6 2 124
4.7 2 126
4.8 2 128
5.
5.1 2 130
5.2 2 132
5.3 2 134
5.4 2 136
5.5 2 138




1.

/
/

1. 2 Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. / H Zingiberaceae /

1 : (. )
1 1 1 3

2 : (. )

3 : (. )
2
1-2

4 : (
)
4 2 1
250

12

(Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm.):

zerumbone


zerumbone low density lipopro-
tein cholesterol (LDL-C)



zerumbone



zerumbone


(1)

13



/
/

2. 2 Smilax sp.1 / C Smilacaceae /


Smilax sp.2 / C Smilacaceae

:
2

2

1 : ()
2 5 1
250
2 :
2 5 1 1
2 250

3 :
2 10
5 5 5 3 2
5 1 3
250

4:
2 5 2 3
2 5 5 5 1
3 10 250

14

(Smilax sp.1) (Smilax sp.2)

(Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill)

:

5 3
Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill () D.
membranacea Pierre ex Prain & Burkill ()
Smilacaceae Smilax corbularia Kunth () S. glabra Wall.
ex Roxb. ()
Lamiaceae Pygmeopremna herbacea Prain (
Premna herbacea Roxb.)
D. membranacea Pierre ex Prain & Burkill
(MCF-7 MDA-MB 468) D. membranacea Pierre ex Prain
& Burkill D. birmanica Prain & Burkill (2)
D. membranacea Pierre ex Prain & Burkill
Nitric oxide
(3)
HIV-1 protease HIV-1 integrase (4) (5)
Smilacaceae
D. membranacea Pierre ex
Prain & Burkill
15


/
/

3. 2 Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Fabaceae /
Barneby / T


Senna garrettiana (Craib) Fabaceae /
() Irwin & Barneby / T

: (Senna timoriensis (DC.)

H.S.Irwin & Barneby)

1 : ( )
2 2 1
250

2 : ( )

2 2
2 1
250

3 : ()
2 2 1
250

16

(Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby)

(Senna garrettiana (Craib) Irwin & Barneby)

(: http://www.pharmacy.mahidol.ac.th/)
17


1 2 3

1) 2) () 3)

(Senna timoriensis (DC.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby)

barakol (S. siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby)

Barakol

dopamine GABA glycine
dopamine (6)

18


/
/

4. 2 Albizia myriophylla L. / C Fabaceae /
(

)

Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (1) / Fabaceae /
() ExS

: 3 (A. myriophylla
L.) (G. glabra L.) (Derris reticulata Craib)
600 (7)
(D. reticulata Craib) (2)

(A. myriophylla L.)

1 : ()
1 2
1

2 : (. )
3 2 2
3 2 5
5 5 2 2
1 250

19


3 :
2

1

4 :
2 1

250

(Albizia myriophylla L.) : (Albizia myriophylla L.) :

(Albizia myriophylla L.) : (Albizia myriophylla L.) :

20


(Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) :
https://commons.wikimedia.org

(Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) :

(A. myriophylla L.)

Bacillus cereus Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus mutans (KB cells) (8)
(G. glabra L.)

4 150 ./.
diazepam scopolamine
(9)
21


/
/

5. 2 Senna alata (L.) Roxb. / ExS Fabaceae 5 /

Senna tora (L.) Roxb. / US

1 : ( )
1 7 3

5 3 1
250

2 : (. )
2
1 1

3: ()
2 ()

22

(Senna tora (L.) Roxb). :

(Senna alata (L.) Roxb.) : (Senna tora (L.) Roxb). :

- (70%) rhein
kaempferol triple antigen/sheep serum-induced mast-cell degranulation
- 200 ./. rhein kaempferol 5 ./.
- rhein
lipoxygenase
rhein 50% 90.2 3.9 ./.
kaempferol

lipoxygenase (10)
23


/
/

6. 2 Cycas sp.1 / ST Cycadaceae /






Cycas sp.2 / ST /

: (Cycas spp.) Gymnosperms (naked

seed) (ovule) (dioecious plant)
(microsporophyll) (mega-
sporophyll) cone cone
Flora of Thailand (volume 2) 6
C. circinnalis L. ( ) C. micholitzii Dyer var. simplicipinna (
) C. pectinata Griff. ( ) C. revoluta Thunb. () C. rumphii Miq. (
) C. siamensis Miq. ( )


CITES (11)
(Acrostichum aureum L.) Pteridaceae
(Cycas spp.)

1 : ( )


2 1 3 1
250

24

2 : ()
1 ()
250

Cycas sp.1 : Cycas sp.2 :

Cycas sp.3 :

(Acrostichum aureum L.)

25


/
/

7. 2 Aglaia odorata Lour. / T Meliaceae /
()

A. odoratisima Blume / T

: (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack)

A.
odoratisima Blume

26


(A. odorata Lour.)

(Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack)

27


/
/

8. 2 Sauropus androgynus (L.) Euphorbiaceae /
Merr. / S

Melientha suavis Pierre / ST Opiliaceae

: -

1: ()
2 () 1

2: ( )
1
1-2

3: ( )
2
1

28


(S. androgynus (L.) Merr.)

(Melientha suavis Pierre)

3-O - -D-Glucosyl-kaempferol (S. androgynus (L.) Merr.)

3-O - -D-Glucosyl-(16) -D-glucosyl-kaempferol
(GKK) 60 ./. 28
15%
GKK 6 ./.
GKK Glutamate pyruvate transaminase
35-47
3-O - -D-Glucosyl-kaempferol
(12)
29


/
/

9. 2 Momordica charantia L. / C Cucurbitaceae
() /


Momordica charantia L. / C /

1: ( )
5 2 () 2
1

2: ( )

1 250

3: .. 2556 :
1-2 120-200 3

30


(M. charantia L.)

(M. charantia L.)

1 2 charantin
charathin 200 ././ KK/HIJ
2 (high-fat diet) ICR
1 streptozotocin 150 ./.
8 charantin
(insulin resistance) 2
1 charantin
(insulin sensitivity)
glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1)
2
(in vitro) (pancreatic cells)
charantin
24
2 1 (13)
31


/
/

10. 2 Morinda citrifolia L. / T Rubiaceae /

: Morinda
citrifolia L. Morinda elliptica Ridl. 2
Morinda citrifolia L.

:

1: ()
2 7 1
250
2: ()

1
250

32

(M . citrifolia L.)

(M. citrifolia L.)

(M.
citrifolia L.) aspartate aminotransferase, alanine amino-
transferase
(lipogenesis)
-oxidation
alcohol dehydrogenase acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

(lipid
homeostatis) (14)

33


/
/

11. 2 Azadirachta indica A. Juss / T Meliaceae
/


Unknown

: 2 A. indica A. Juss (
Chinchona spp.
) A. excelsa (Jack) Jacobs

1: ( )


1 3 1
250

2: ( )
1

3: (. )

3 2
5 1 33 54 3
1 250

34


(Azadirachta indica A. Juss)

( A. indica A. juss ) NIM-76

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Escherichia coli NIM-76
Candida albicans
C. albicans NIM-76 (15)

35


/
/

12. 2 Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. Fabaceae
( / T ()
: black /
catechu)

Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb. Rubiaceae

(pale / ExC()
catechu)
/

: black
catechu tannins flavonoids ()
pale catechu ()
tannins flavonoids
2
(Pentace burmanica Kurz / Tiliaceae)

:
1: ()
2 () 1

2: (. )
2 30 20
- (
)

36

(Pentace burmanica Kurz )

37


/
/

13. Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. Fabaceae /
2 / TrH

Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) Fabaceae

DC. /H

: Geissaspis cristata Wight & Arn. (Fa-

baceae) Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. (Apiaceae)

D. triflorum (L.) DC.
A. vaginalis (L.) DC.

1: ()
2 () 2
1 250

2: ( )
3 2 2 1
3 1
250

38

(Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. )

(Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC.)

39


/
/

14. 2 Micromelum pubescens Rutaceae /
( Blume / S
)

Clausena excavata Burmf. / S Rutaceae

()

: Micromelum minutum (G.Forst.) Wight & Arn.

Holarrhena curtisii
King & Gamble / S (Apocynaceae)
C. excavata Burmf.

1: ( )

1 2 2 3

15 250

2: ( )
3 (--) 2
2 3 5 1
3 1 250
1

3: ( )
1
250

40


(Micromelum pubescens Blume)

(Clausena excavata Burmf.)

:
(Holarrhena curtisii King & Gamble)

41


/
/

15. 2 Cinnamomum sp. / T Lauraceae
/


Cinnamomum verum J. presl
/ ExT ()

: 2 Cinnamomum iners Reinw. ex Blume.

C. bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet ( )
C. bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet C. iners
()
phenolic gum, mucilage, resin,
starch () (C. loureirii Nees)
(C. burmannii (Nees & T. Nees)) (C.
cassia Nees & T. Nees)

3

1: ( )

3
4 2 6 7
3 1 250

2: (. )
3 5 5 1 5 2
2 2
1
1 250
42


3: ( )
2
1
250

4 : .. 2556

(C. verum J. presl) (C. bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet)

(C. iners Reinw. ex Blume) (C. loureirii Nees)

43


A:
1) 2)
3) 4)

1 2 3 4

B:

1)
2)
1 2

44


/


16. 2 - - /
( )

:
2

1: . ( )

2 1

2: ( )
2 ()
1

45


46


/
/

17. 2 Viverricula spp. () Viverridae
( ) (Civet cat) /

Moschus spp. () Cervidae
(Musk)

: (Civet cat)

()
(Musk) ()
(Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.) /
Malvaceae

1: ( )

3
5 1 1-2

2: ( )
1 1 3


3: ( )

2
1

47


(A. moschatus Medik.)

48


/


18. 2 (Na2SO4) /

(MgSO4.7H2O) - /

1: (. )
16 8 4 3
2
1 3 1
3
2: ( )
5 1
3 1 1 1
1 3

3: ( )
1
3 1

4: ( ) .. 2556
60 12
5
3

49


50

References
1. Tzeng T, Lu H, Liou S, Ju C, Liu I. Lipid-lowering effects of zerumbone , a natural
cyclic sesquiterpene of Zingiber zerumbet Smith , in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic
hamsters. FOOD Chem Toxicol. 2014;69:1329.
2. Saekoo J. The Cytotoxic Effect of Hua Khao Yen on Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines:
The Cytotoxic Mechanism Studies at Both Cellular and Molecular Levels. A Thesis Submitted
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philos. 2010.
3. Tewtrakul S, Itharat A. Nitric oxide inhibitory substances from the rhizomes of Di-
oscorea membranacea. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007;109(3):4126.
4. Tewtrakul S, Itharat A, Rattanasuwan P. Anti-HIV-1 protease- and HIV-1 integrase activi-
ties of Thai medicinal plants known as Hua-Khao-Yen. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006;105(12):3125.
5. Reanmongkol W, Itharat A, Bouking P. Investigation of the anti-inflammatory, analgesic
and antipyretic activities of the extracts from the rhizome of Dioscorea membranacea Pierre
in experimental animals. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol. 2007;29(SUPPL. 1):4957.
6. Sukma M, Chaichantipyuth C, Murakami Y, Tohda M, Matsumoto K, Watanabe H.
Erratum to CNS inhibitory effects of barakol , a constituent of Cassia siamia Lamk .
2003;85:1756.
7. Yoshikawa M, Morikawa T, Nakano K, Pongpiriyadacha Y, Murakami T, Matsuda H.
Characterization of new sweet triterpene saponins from Albizia myriophylla. J Nat Prod.
2002;65(11):163842.
8. Joycharat N, Boonma C, Thammavong S, Yingyongnarongkul B, Limsuwan S, Vora-
vuthikunchai SP. Chemical constituents and biological activities of Albizia myriophylla wood.
Pharm Biol [Internet]. 2016;54(1):6273.
9. Dhingra D, Parle M, Kulkarni SK. Memory enhancing activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra in
mice. 2004;91:3615.
10. Singh B, Nadkarni JR, Vishwakarma RA, Bharate SB, Nivsarkar M, Anandjiwala S. The
hydroalcoholic extract of Cassia alata ( Linn .) leaves and its major compound rhein exhibits
antiallergic activity via mast cell stabilization and lipoxygenase inhibition. J Ethnopharmacol
[Internet]. 2012;141(1):46973.
11. (cites):
12. Hun CS, Hen TC, Hen YC. 3- O - b - D -Glucosyl- ( 1 6 ) - b - D -glucosyl-
kaempferol Isolated from Sauropus androgenus Reduces Body Weight Gain in Wistar Rats.
2006;29(12):25103.
13. Wang H, Kan W, Cheng T, Yu S, Chang L. Differential anti-diabetic effects and
mechanism of action of charantin-rich extract of Taiwanese Momordica charantia between
type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice. FOOD Chem Toxicol [Internet]. 2014;69:34756.
14. Chang Y, Lin Y, Yang D, Liu C, Hsu C, Tzang B. Hepatoprotection of Noni Juice
against Chronic Alcohol. 2013;
15. Sairam M, Ilavazhagan G, Sharma SK, Dhanraj SA, Suresh B. Anti-microbial activity
of a new vaginal contraceptive NIM-76 from neem oil ( Azadirachta indica ). 2000;71:37782.

51


. , . : . :
, .
. , .
. .
. , . :
. : , .
. . .
, . :
. ... : .-.
. , . . , :
: , .

52

2.

/
/

1. 2 Xylocarpus granatum Koenig Meliaceae /
/T
Xylocarpus moluccensis M.
Roem. / T

: (Mangrove forest)

1: ( )

() 1
1-2

53


(Xylocarpus sp.)

250 500 /


(1)

54


/
/

2. 2 Ocimum tenuiflorum L. / US Lamiaceae /

1: ( )
1
1

2: ( )
1
250

3: (. )
2 5 2
1 3 250

4:
.. 2556

55


(Ocimum tenuiflorum L.)

(Ocimum tenuiflorum L.)

18 - 60
2 1. 70
300 / 4 2
3
interferon gamma interleukin - 4
T-helper cell NK-cell
(2)
56


/
/

3. 2 Justicia gendarussa Burm. Acanthaceae /
f. / S

:
Prismatomeris tetrandra (Roxb.) K. Schum. subsp.
tetrandra (Rubiaceae) J. gendarussa Burm. f.
( ) P.
tetrandra (Roxb.) K. Schum. subsp. tetrandra J. gendarussa Burm. f.

1: ( )

5 2

5 ( 5) 5
1
250

2: ()
2 7
1
250

57


(P. tetrandra (Roxb.) K. Schum. subsp. Tetrandra)

(J. gendarussa Burm. f.)

(J. gendarussa Burm. f.)

58


/
/

4. 2 Amomum testaceum Ridl. / H Zingiberaceae /

:
()

1: (. )
2 10 5 3
3 2
1 250
2

2: ()
1
1-2

3: ()
2 1
1-2

4: .. 2556

59


(Amomum testaceum Ridl.)

60


/
/

5. 2 Alocasia cf. macrorrhizos (L.) Araceae /
G. Don / H

Colocasia sp. / H

: -

1: ( )
2 2 2
2 1 250

2: (. )
2 3
2 1
250

3: .. 2556


1 0.5-1

61


62


/
/

6. 2 Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir / S Phyllanthaceae
/


Flueggea virosa

(Roxb. ex Willd) Voigt / S

: Phyllanthus Flueggea Euphorbiaceae

2 Phyllanthaceae

1: ( )
2
2 1 33
3 250

2: ( )

1 3 1
250

3: ( )
5 5
5 2
33 2
1 250

63


(Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir )

64


/
/

7. 2 Gymnopetalum scabrum (Lour.) Cucurbitaceae /

W.J. de Wilde & Duyfjes / C

unknown

: Gymnopetalum integrifolia (Roxb.) Kurz

1 : ( )
2 2
1
3 1 250

2 : ( )

2 1 3 1
250

3 : .. 2556
60 12

3 5 3 3
3 1 1
1.5 2.5 ()

65


66


/
/

8. Gonostegia pentandra (Roxb.) Urticaceae /
2 Miq. / H

Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.) Benn.
& R. Br. / H

: 2
Pouzolzia pentandra (Roxb.) Benn. 2
(Salacia spp. Celastraceae)

1: ( )
5 2 4 7
2 5 5 3 2
1 3 1
250

2: ()
1
3 1
250

67


(Gonostegia pentandra (Roxb.) Miq.)

(Salacia sp.)

68


/
/

9. 2 Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Desv. Fabaceae /
/ ST

: :

1: ( )
2 2 2
1 1-2

2: ( )

1 1-2

69


(Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Desv.)

70


/
/

10. 2 Dracaena cochinchinensis Asparagaceae /
(Lour.) S.C. Chen
( , 2544)
Tarenna hoaensis Pit. / T Rubiaceae
( , 2544)

:
(Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen
D. loureiri Gagnep. Dracaenaceae) ( , 2544)
2 Tarenna hoaensis Pit (Rubiaceae)
Diospyros decandra Lour. (Ebenaceae) 2

1: ( )
4 1 2
1 1-2

2: ()
2 2 5 1
1-2
( )

3: ( )
2
1
2
2 2
250

4: .. 2556

71


72


/
/

11. Plumbago indica L. / US Plumbaginaceae /
2

Plumbago zeylanica L. / US

:

1: (. )
16 8 4 3
2
1 3 1
250 2

2: ( )
5 2
3
1
250

3: ( )
2 9
() 3
3
250

4: .. 2556



5




73


(Plumbago indica L.)

(Plumbago zeylanica L.)

74


/
/

12. 2 Nelumbo nucifera Nelumbonaceae /
Gaertn. / AqH

1: ()
1
3 1 250

2: ( )
2
1 1-2
20

3: ( )
2
1
2 2
2 250

4: .. 2556



()

75


https://th.wikipedia.org

50 10,
100 200 / 45 12
14
oxidative stress
corticosterone monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-
A), acethylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B)

Ki67

monoaminergic cholinergic (3)
76


/
/

13. Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Nelumbonaceae /
2 / AqH

:
( 7)

1: ( )

1
250

77


( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. )

: http://thaiwaterlily.com

78


/
/

14. 2 Unknown / C - /

: 2
Urceola rosea (HooK. & Arn.) D.J. Middleton Urceola
minutiflora (Pierre) D.J. Middleton Apocynaceae

1: ( )
2
2
2 2
3
250

2: ( )
2
1 1-2

3: ( )
5 1
2 1
250

4: .. 2556

79


( )

( )

80


/
/

15. 2 Lepidium sativum L. Brassicaceae /
( , 2544) / ExH



Cuminum cyminum L. Apiaceae /
() ( , 2544) / ExH

:
2

1: (. )
2 5 3 3
2 2
1 1 2
250

2: ()
5 5 2


2 1-2

3: .. 2556
5 7 9






81


200 / 1 9
two-kidney one-clip (2K/1C) nitric oxide
endothelial nitric-oxide
synthase (eNOS), Bcl-2, thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) thioredoxin reductase 1 (TRXR1)
Bax, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) interleukin 6 (IL-6)
endothelial
oxidative stress (4)

82


/
/

16. Kaempferia galanga L. Zingiberaceae /
2

: -

1: ()
1 5
3 1 250

2: 3 ( )

3
5 1 1-2

3: .. 2556




()

83


(Kaempferia galanga L.)

Zingiberaceae 6 (Curcuma domestica

Valeton) (C. xanthorrhiza Roxb.) (Kaempferia galanga L.)
(Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) (Z. officinale Roscoe) (Z. zerumbet (L.) Smith)
TPA (12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate )

tumour promoting stage (5)

84


/
/

17. 2 Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Menispermaceae /
Diels / C



()

Lysiphyllum strychnifolium Fabaceae /
(Craib) A. Schmitz/ C

: ()
3 (tendril)
Bauhinia strychnifolia Craib

:
1 : (. )
2 20 10 2 2
2 () 2 5 2 2
2 2 5 1 3
3 1 250
2

2 : ( )
5
2 1
250

3: .. 2556

5

85


(T. triandra (Colebr.) Diels)

(Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels)

86


tendril
(Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz)

87


/
/

18. 2 Alternanthera bettzickiana Amaranthaceae /
(Regel) G. Nicholson / H



Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.

Br. ex DC. / H

: -

1 : ()
2 1
250

2 : ( )


2 1
1-2

88

(A. sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC.)

(A. bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson)

89


/
/

19. 2 unknown / H - /



unknown / H

:
Iresine herbstii Hook / ExH Amaranthaceae
Heliotropium indicum L. (Boraginaceae)

1 : ( )
1
1-2

2 : ()

2

3 : ( )
2 2
1-2

4: .. 2556

90
 ()

91


/
/

20. 2 Gossypium arboretum L. / ExS Malvaceae /

Gossypium herbaceum L. /
ExS

1 :

92


(Gossypium arboretum L.)

/ (G. herbaceum L.)

93


/
/

21. 2 Piper nigrum L. / C Piperaceae /

/

:


alkaloids piperine ( 5-9) piperanine

2

1 : (. )
30 2
15 15 1
3 1 250
1

2 : (: )
8 4 2
-
1
2-3

3 : ( )
3 2
() 1
15 250

4 : .. 2556


94


(Piper nigrum L.)

piperine 5, 10 20
/ 1 1 piperine
piperine
1, 2, 3 4 piperine
piperine
(6)
95


/
/

22. 2 Ricinus communis L. / S Euphorbiaceae /

1 : ()
1

2 : ()

3 : ( )


250

96


(Ricinus communis L.)

(Ricinus communis L.)

:

50
1 125, 250, 500, 750, 1,000 2,000 /
tolbutamide 200 500 /
0, 1, 2, 4, 6 8
500 /
8 6 8
1 500 // 20
,
(7)
97


/
/

23. 2 Paraderris elliptica Fabaceae /
(Wall.) Adema / C


Paraderris montana

(Benth.) Adema / C

: Derris elliptica (Roxb.) Benth.

Derris malaccensis Prain

1 : ( )
2
2
2

3 250

98


99


/
-

24. 2 Arsenic disulphide (As2S2) -
(
)



(

)

1 : ( )
1 4
8 1-2

2 : (. )
5 2 3 1 2
1 3
250

3: ( )
1
8 1

4: .. 2556


100


101


References
1. Rouf R, Uddin SJ, Shilpi JA, Alamgir M. Assessment of antidiarrhoeal activity of
the methanol extract of Xylocarpus granatum bark in mice model. J Ethnopharmacol.
2007;109(3):53942.
2. Mondal S, Varma S, Deepak V, Narayan S, Ranjan B, Mohan M, et al. Double-blinded
randomized controlled trial for immunomodulatory effects of Tulsi ( Ocimum sanctum Linn .)
leaf extract on healthy volunteers. J Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2011;136(3):4526.
3. Prabsattroo T, Wattanathorn J, Somsapt P, Sritragool O. Positive Modulation of
Pink Nelumbo nucifera Flowers on Memory Impairment , Brain Damage , and Biochemical
Profiles in Restraint Rats. 2016;2016.
4. Kalaivani P, Saranya RB, Ramakrishnan G, Ranju V, Sathiya S, Gayathri V, et al. Cumi-
num cyminum, a dietary spice, attenuates hypertension via endothelial nitric oxide synthase
and NO pathway in renovascular hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2013;35(7):53442.
5. Vimala S, Norhanom a W, Yadav M. Anti-tumour promoter activity in Malaysian
ginger rhizobia used in traditional medicine. Br J Cancer. 1999;80(12):1106.
6. Wattanathorn J, Chonpathompikunlert P, Muchimapura S, Priprem A, Tankamnerd-
thai O. Piperine, the potential functional food for mood and cognitive disorders. Food Chem
Toxicol. 2008;46(9):310610.
7. Shokeen P, Anand P, Murali YK, Tandon V. Antidiabetic activity of 50% ethano-
lic extract of Ricinus communis and its purified fractions. Food Chem Toxicol [Internet].
2008;46(11):345866.

102


103



3.

/
/

1. 2 Paederia linearis Hook. f. / C Rubiaceae /


Paederia foetida L. / C

: 2
2

1 : ()
2 2 7 1
250

2 : 12 ( )


1
3 1 250

3: .. 2556

104


(Paederia foetida L.)

105


/
/

2. 2 Alpinia officinarum Hance / H Zingiberaceae /
( Alpinia conchigera
Griff.
Alpinia siamensis K. Schum.)



Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. / H
(
)

:
:
1 : ( )
2
2 1
250
2 : ( )
2
3 3
1 250
3 : ( )
2 2 2
3 250

4 : ( )

2
2 2
3 2
3 1 250
106

4: .. 2556

(Alpinia conchigera Griff.)

(Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.)

80


RAW 264.7
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
c-Fos
(1)
107


/
/

3. 2 Unknown 1 - /

/

Unknown 2

: 2
Ebenaceae Diospyros sp.
Menispermaceae Stephania sp.

: 2

1: ( )

2
1 250

2: ( )

1 250

3: ( )

5 2

1 5 ( 5) 5
1
250

108

Menispermaceae

Menispermaceae
(Stephania sp.)

109


/
/

4. 2 Croton stellatopilosus H. Euphorbiaceae /
Ohba / ST

Croton persimilis Mll. Arg. /
/T

: Croton roxburghii N. P. Balakr.

1: () ( )
2
1
1-2

2: ( )
2 1
2 1 1-2

3: ( )
2 2 2 2
1

110


(Croton stellatopilosus H. Ohba)

(Croton persimilis Mll. Arg.)

labdane diterpenoids 3 2-ace-

toxy-3-hydroxy-labda-8(17),12(E)-14-triene 3-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-labda-8(17),12(E)-14-triene
2,3-dihydroxy-labda-8(17),12(E)-14-triene 3
1 2
1 2
(2)
111


/
/

5. 2 - Zingiberaceae /


-

:
Zingiberaceae Alpinia
A. nigra (Gaertn.) B.L. Burtt () Amomum A. villosum Lour. var. villosum
(), A. villosum Lour. var. xanthioides (Wall. ex Baker) ()

1: (. )
2 5 2 2
3 5 5 2
2 20 2 1 10
3 3 1
250

112

(Croton stellatopilosus H. Ohba)

(A. villosum Lour.)

(A. villosum Lour.)

(Amomum villosum Lour.)

113


/
/

6. 2 Unknown 1 _ /

Unknown 2

:
Ampelocissus martinii Planch. / Vitaceae

1 : ()
2 1
3 1 250

2 : (
)
2 2 2
1
3 1
250

3 : ( )
10
5 4 3
3 2 5 1
1 3 1
250

114


(Ampelocissus martinii Planch.)

115


/
/

7. 2 Cyperus rotundus L. / H Cyperaceae /

Unknown

1 : (. )
2 10 5 3
3 2
2
2 5 1 3
1 250

2 : ()
5
1 250

3 : ( )
5
2
1
250

4 : .. 2556

116

(Cyperus rotundus L.)

fulgidic acid
interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor
necrosis factor- (TNF-) nitric oxide (NO) RAW264.7 macrophage
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fulgidic acid
nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA
iNOS, COX-2, TNF- IL-6 phosphorylation c-Fos
c-Jun transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1)
nuclear factor B (NF-B) fulgidic acid
iNOS, COX-2, TNF- IL-6 AP-1 activation (3)
117
 ()

4. ()

/
/

1. 2 Paederia linearis Hook. f. / C Rubiaceae /


Paederia foetida L. / C

: (P. linearis Hook. f.)

(P. foetida L.)

118
 ()

(Paederia foetida L.)

119
 ()

/


2. 2 - -

:


1

1: ( )
2 1 3

2: ()
1 4

3: ( )
3

1
250

4: .. 2556

120
 ()

121
 ()

/
/

3. 2 Cocinia grandis (L.) Voigt . / C Cucurbitaceae /

1 : ( )
2 2 2
1 1-2

2 : ( )
1

3 : ( )
2

1 1-2

122
 ()

agar well
diffusion

S.aureus, B.cereus,
E.coli, K.pneumoniae S.pyogens (4)
123
 ()

/
/

4. 2 Acalypha indica L. / H Euphorbiaceae /
()

Laportea interrupta (L.) Chew Urticaceae

/H

: -

124
 ()
(Acalypha indica L.)

(Laportea interrupta (L.) Chew)

125
 ()

/
/

5. 2 Sphenoclea zeylanica Sphenocleaceae /
Gaertn. / H

: -

1 : ( )

2 2 1
1-2

2 : ( )

3
5 1 1-2

126
 ()

(S. zeylanica Gaertn.)

127
 ()

/
/

6. 2 Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels Phyllanthaceae /
/ ExST

: 2

1: ( )

1 1-2

2: ( )

1 1-2

128
 ()

(Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels)

129
 ()

/
/

7. 2 - -

: -

130
 ()

/


8. 2 () Cypraea sp. - /

1: ( )

1 250

2: ( )
1 7
2 3

3: ( )
3
1 2 3 4 6
8 14 1-2

4: .. 2556

131
 ()

()

:

132

4.

/
/

1. 2 Tamarindus indica L. Fabaceae /
/ ExT

: 2

1:
1
1-2

133


(Tamarindus indica L.)

134


/
/

2. 2 Bouea macrophylla Griff. / T Anacardiaceae /

: 2

1: ( )

2
1 1 3
33 250

2: ( )
5 5 5 5 5

1 108 108
1 3 33
250

3: .. 2556
()

135


https://commons.wikimedia.org
:

4 K562, K562/ adr, GLC4
GLC4/adr

(5)

136


/
/

3. 2 Averrhoa carambola L. / ExsT Oxalidaceae /

: 2

1 : ( )

2
1
250

2 : ( )

2
1
250

137


(Averrhoa carambola L.)

5
( Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) (Carica papaya L.) (Impe-
rata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.) ( Averrhoa carambola L. ) ( Cyperus
rotundus L. )
10 g/kg hydrochlorothiazide


(6)

138


/
/

4. 2 Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Cucurbitaceae /
Stardl./ C

: 2

1: ( )


2 1
1-2

2: ( )
5 1
3 1 250

3: ( )

1 3 1
250

139


triterpenoids D:C-friedooleane-type triterpenes

wfh human hepatoma SK-Hep 1 etoposide
positive control 50 2.2 /
20-epibryonolic acid
3 beta-O-(E)-coumaroyl-D:C-friedooleana-7,9(11)-dien-29-oic acid
human hepatoma SK-Hep 1
(7)

140


/
/

5. 2 Citrus aurantifolis (Christm.) Rutaceae /
Swingle / H

: 2

1: ( )


1 1 3
250

2: ( )

2
1 250

3: .. 2556
()

141


(Citrus aurantifolis (Christm.) Swingle)

90 Double blind randomized placebo-controlled

clinical trial 3 1. 15 . 2.
3. 20 .
3 4




(8)
142

References
1. Lee J, Kim KA, Jeong S, Lee S, Park HJ, Kim NJ, et al. Anti-inflammatory, anti-
nociceptive, and anti-psychiatric effects by the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum on complete
Freunds adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;126(2):25864.
2. Roengsumran S, Petsom A, Sommit D, Vilaivan T. Labdane diterpenoids from Croton
oblongifolius. Phytochemistry. 1998;50(3):44953.
3. Shin J-S, Hong Y, Lee H-H, Ryu B, Cho Y-W, Kim N-J, et al. Fulgidic Acid Isolated from
the Rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus Suppresses LPS-Induced iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, and IL-6
Expression by AP-1 Inactivation in RAW264.7 Macrophages. Biol Pharm Bull. 2015;38(7):10816.
4. Sivaraj A, Preethi Jenifa B, Kavitha M, Inbasekar P, Senthilkumar B, Panneerselvam
A. Antibacterial activity of coccinia grandis leaf extract on selective bacterial strains. J Appl
Pharm Sci. 2011;1(7):1203.
5. Article O, Leukemic D, Cells LC. .
2013;28(1).
6. Sripanidkulchai B, Wongpanich V, Laupattarakasem P, Suwansaksri J, Jirakulsomchok
D. Diuretic effects of selected Thai indigenous medicinal plants in rats. J Ethnopharmacol.
2001;75(23):18590.
7. Chen C-R, Chen H-W, Chang C-I. D:C-friedooleanane-type triterpenoids from Lage-
naria siceraria and their cytotoxic activity. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2008;56(3):3858.
8. Jafarpour M, Yousefi G, Hamedi A, Shariat A, Salehi A, Heydari M. Effect of a tradi-
tional syrup from Citrus medica L. fruit juice on migraine headache: A randomized double
blind placebo controlled clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;179:1706.

143


61, 62
61, 62
57, 58
57, 58
104
105
59
59
12
12
55, 56
55, 56
63
63, 64
100, 101
100, 101
120, 121
120
106, 107
106, 107
14, 15
14, 15
65
65, 66
16, 17
16, 17
45, 46
45
67
67, 68
69, 70
69, 70
71, 72
71
73, 74
73, 74
47, 48
144


47, 48
19, 20, 21
19, 20, 21
22, 23
22, 23
49, 50
49, 50
53
53
108
108
122, 123
122, 123
124, 125
124, 125
79
79
81, 82
81, 82
139
139
75, 76
75, 76
131, 132
131, 132
26, 27
26
110, 111
110, 111
83
83
24, 25
24, 25
28, 29
28, 29
88, 89
88, 89
145


126
126
90
90
92, 93
92, 93
94, 95
94, 95
133
133
135
135
137
137
128
128
30, 31
30, 31
32, 33
32, 33
86, 87
86, 87
112
112
96, 97
96, 97
130
130
34
34
77, 78
77
36, 37
36, 37
114
114
40, 41
146


40, 41
98, 99
98, 99
38, 39
38, 39
116, 117
116
42, 43
42, 43

147


Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd 36
Aglaia odorata Lour. 26, 27
Aglaia odoratisima Blume 26
Albizia myriophylla L. 19, 20
Alocasia cf. macrorrhizos (L.) 61
Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd 106, 107
Alpinia officinarum Hance 106, 107
Alternanthera bettzickiana
(Regel) G. Nicholson 88, 89
Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC. 88, 89
Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) 38, 39
Amomum testaceum Ridl. 59, 60
Arsenic disulphide (As2S2) 100
Azadirachta indica A. Juss 34, 35
Cinnamomum sp. 42
Cinnamomum verum J. presl 42, 43
Clausena excavata Burmf. 40, 41
Colocasia sp. 61
Croton persimilis Mll. Arg. 110, 111
Croton stellatopilosus H. Ohba 110, 111
Cuminum cyminum L. 81
Cycas sp.1 24, 25
Cycas sp.2 24, 25
Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. 38, 39
Diospyros sp. 108, 109
Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen 71
Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd) Voigt 63
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. 19, 21
Gonostegia pentandra (Roxb.) Miq. 67, 68
Gossypium arboretum L. 92, 93
Gymnopetalum scabrum (Lour.)
W.J. de Wilde & Duyfjes 65
Heliotropium indicum L. 90
Iresine herbstii Hook 90
Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. 57, 58
Lepidium sativum L. 81

148


Lysiphyllum strychnifolium 85, 86
(Craib) A. Schmitz
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O) 49
Melientha suavis Pierre. 28, 29
Micromelum pubescens Blume 40, 41
Momordica charantia L. 30, 31
Morinda elliptica Ridl. 32, 33
Moschus spp. 47
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. 75
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. 77, 78
Ocimum tenuiflorum L. 55, 56
Paederia foetida L. 104, 105
Paederia linearis Hook. f. 104
Paraderris elliptica (Wall.) Adema 98
Paraderris montana (Benth.) Adema 98
Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir 63, 64
Piper nigrum L. 94
Plumbago indica L. 73, 74
Plumbago zeylanica L. 73, 74
Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.) Benn.& R. Br. 67
Ricinus communis L. 96, 97
Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. 28, 29
Senna alata (L.) Roxb 22, 23
Senna garrettiana (Craib) Irwin & Barneby 16, 17
Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby 16, 17
Senna timoriensis (DC.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby 16, 18
Senna tora (L.) Roxb. 22, 23
Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Desv. 69, 70
Smilax sp.1 14, 15
Smilax sp.2 14, 15
Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) 49
Stephania sp. 109
Tarenna hoaensis Pit 71
Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels 85, 86
Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Rox 36
Urceola rosea (HooK. & Arn.) D.J. Middleton 79

149


Urceola minutiflora (Pierre) D.J. Middleton 79
Viverricula spp. 47
Xylocarpus granatum Koenig 53
Xylocarpus moluccensis M. Roem. 53
Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 12, 13

150


151