Context Clues - Types Chart PDF

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TYPES OF CONTEXT CLUES

TYPE DESCRIPTION CLUES EXAMPLE


SIGNAL WORDS
1. Definition Theauthorprovidesadirect Is, are Marthaisacurator,apersonwhois
(explicit)definitionofan Is /are called responsibleforlookingafteramuseums
unknownwordinthe Is / are known as collection.
sentence. Is defined as Entomologyisthestudyofinsects.
Means, Refers to Archeologyisthescientificstudyofprehistoric
culturesbyexcavationoftheirremains.
2. Synonym or Theauthorusesawordhaving Commas , Semicolon ; Carnivores,thatis,meateaters,arethetopof
Restatement thesameornearlythesame Dashes - thefoodchain.
meaningasanotherwordor Parenthesis ( ) Mybestfriendsquanderedallhismoney;his
otherwordsinasentence. Sometimes signal words drinkingandgamblingwastedallhisearnings.
or, that is, or in other Afterseeingthepictureofthestarvingchildren,
words are used. weallfeltcompassionorpityfortheirsuffering.
Afteratime,glaciers,orslowlymovingrivers
ofice,formedovermanypartsoftheEarth.
3. Antonym or Theauthorusesanotherword Words used are: Mikesparrotwasloquacious,
Contrast orphrasethatmeansthe But, however, butMariassaidverylittle.
oppositeofanunfamiliar although, otherwise,
word unless, instead of, on

the contrary, on the
other hand, while, Thegentlemanwasportly,buthiswifewasthin.
unlike. WhileLuisishardworking,hisindolentbrother
spendsmostofthetimewatchingTVorsitting
aroundwithfriends.

4. Comparison Incomparisonclues,the Words used are: Mybrotherisenthralledbybirdssimilartothe
authoruseswordsand like, as, similar to, in waythatIamfascinatedbyinsects.
phrasesthathavethesameor the same way, Thestenchoftheoldshoeswaslikethesmellof
similarmeaningasan likewise, resembling, garbage.
unfamiliarword. too, also

TYPE DESCRIPTION CLUES EXAMPLE


SIGNAL WORDS
5. Example/ Theauthorprovidesexamples For example Thearcheologistfounddifferentamulets,such
Explanation oradditionalexplanationsor For instance asarabbitsfootandbagsofherb.
summariestohelpyou Including Paulawassuspendedfromschoolbecauseof
understandanunfamiliar Such as severalinfractionsoftherules,including
word.Thewordisclearedup Specifically smokinginthebathroomanddressing
bygivinganexample. To illustrate improperly.
Celestialbodies,suchasthesun,moon,and
stars,aregovernedbypredictablelaws.
6. Cause and Themeaningofanunknown As a result Sincenoonecametothefirstmeeting,
Effect worddependsonthe Accordingly attendanceforthesecondoneismandatoryfor
cause/effectrelationshipwith Because, Since allstaff.
otherwordsinthetext. Consequently Becausetheconflagrationwasaidedbywind,it
For this reason wassodestructivethateverybuildinginthearea
Hence, if then wascompletelyburnedtotheground.
7. List or Theunfamiliarwordis Look for a list of NorthAmericanpredatorsincludegrizzlybears,
Series includedinaseriesofrelated words pumas,wolves,andfoxes.
wordsthatgiveanideaofthe Thedebrisinthestadiumstandsincluded
wordsmeaning. numerouspapercups,ticketstubs,sandwich
wrappings,andcigarettebutts.
8. Inference Themeaningofanunfamiliar Look for clues over Themonkeysvociferouschattermademewish
or General wordcanbeinferred several words or Ihadearplugs.
(guessed)fromthe sentences Katiesbelligerencesurprisedeveryone.She
Context descriptionofasituation. threwherbookacrosstheroom,glaredatChris,
Theauthorprovidesnon andthenpushedhimtothefloor.
specificclues,oftenspread
overthesentenceornumber
ofsentences.

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