(Aw inusoi i thematical Models WS #2 NAME: L fS; 1) Spceship Problem. When a spaceship is fired into orbit from a site such as Cape Canaveral, which is not on the equator, it goes into an orbit that takes it alternately north and south of the equator. Its distance from the equator is approximately a sinusoidal function of time. Suppose that a spaceship is fired into orbit from Cape Canaveral. Ten minutes after it leaves the cape, it reaches its farthest distance north of the equator, 4000 kilometers: Half a cycle later it reaches its farthest distance’south of the equator (on the other side of the Earth, of course!), also4000 kilometers. The spaceship completes amorbit once every 90 minutes: Lety be the number of kilometers the spaceship is north of the equator (you may consider distances south of the equator to be negative). Let t be the number of minutes that have ets elapsed since liftoff. a) Sketch a graph of this sinusoid: i) Maximum Points: (in,4oa0') (lao, 400) Minimum Points: (55 -dap)_(1¥55-vaxo) ii) Mid-Points (Intercept): ( 53) +m ny) Gus o) G25. le 27° 2 (0, 4000) oe, 4002) 4S pinate -4000 ~io b= a=400o0 cd Cosine Equation: Y = 9500 cos (K-10. Sine Equation: = = 4000 cose (x~725-) b) Write the particular equation of this sinusoid, P= Use one of your equations from part b to predict the distance of the spaceship from the equator when i) t=25_ A000 Kn~ ii) t=41 7AA3C.Y & fi) t= 163__7/236.) Kur Calculate the distance of Cape Canaveral from the equator by calculating y when t = 0. a 3064, 2 Kar Cape Canaveral is really 3165 kilometers from the equator; does your model give reasonably accurate answers? Explain. Yor Xx oleea. A& Cape for rho geRAW 2) Water Wheel Problem. A water wheel 14 feet in diameter is rotating as shown below. You start a stopwatch and observe the motion of point P on the rim of the wheel. When the stopwatch reads’ seconds; P is at its maximum distance from the surface of the water. When the stopwatch read: a) Sketch a graph of this sinus (2,13) (213) minimum points: (7-1) C7, -1) i) Maximum Points: ii) Mid-Points (Intercept): >) 2,13) seconds Pz jo b=Z b) Find the particular equation expressing the distance of P from the surface as a function of stopwatch reading. (write the sinusoidal equation) . a0 Cosine Equation: 7cos E(x-2) + G& sine tquation 7 7_sin & (x-4.5 +6 ©) Find the time at which P first emerges from the water. 9 f= 7863) Roller Coaster Problem. A portion ofa roller coaster track is to be built in the same shape of a sinusoid. You have been hired to calculate the lengths of the vertical timber supports to be used. ‘The high and low points on the track are separated by 50 meters Horizontally and by 30 meters’ vamatalp The Low po i ena pelaiz ine ground, Let y be the number of meters the track is above the ground and x be the number of meters horizontally from the high point. a) Sketch a graph of this sinusoid: b) Write the particular equation of this sinusoid. < = Cosine Equation: FCOS HX + |X Sine Equation: “1S sin B- 25412 ©) How longs the vertical timber at: i) The high point? 2 7% ii) x=4meters_Ab. TW iil) x= 32meters__D- 6 w—WAOrrE 4) _ Porpoising Problem. Assume that you are aboard a submarine, submerged in the Pacific Ocean. At tim@it!="0) you make contact with an enemy destroyer. Immediately, you start “porpoising” (going deeper and shallower). At timelt=4minutes) you are at your deepest, y==1000 meters. At time t='9'minutes, you reach your shallowest, y==200meters; Assume that y varies sinusoidally with t for t2 0. a) Sketch a graph of this sinusoid: i) Maximum Points: _(7, 200), (ig -a0o) Minimum Points: (7,7/o00) (14 ~oo0 ii) Mid-Points (Intercept): (2, uty |. 2 2 Poo a= 400 -2 = -600 b= % 4 4 4 ~600 =o - — (4, -t000) b) Write the particular equation expressing y in terms of t. Cosine Equation: ~ 400 cos & (x - = 600 Z ne Sine Equation: $00 sin E(x-65) - 600 ©) Your submarine is “safe” when it is below y = -300 meters. At time t = 0, was your submarine safe? Justify youranswer. yy ynee were ple 4 ve Le : at a Hapth of a7 melrs,WASror 4) _ Porpoising Problem. Assume that you are aboard a submarine, submerged in the Pacific Ocean. At tifmétt="0) you make contact with an enemy destroyer. Immediately, you start “porpoising” (going deeper and shallower). At timelt=4tminutes)you are at your deepest, y==1000 meters. At time t= minutes, you reach your shallowest, y=+200!%meters:; Assume that y varies sinusoidally with t for t > 0. a) Sketch a graph of this sinusoid: i) Maximum Points: (7-200), (1g 200) Minimum Points: (4,"/c00) (14/000) ii) Mid-Points (Intercept): ( +H a 2 Poo a= 400 -2 = -600 b> % 4 4 CF ar et - Taint) 5 (5, -660) ~ 60 _ “1000 F — a = (4, -1000) : C14, 100) b) Write the particular equation expressing y in terms oft. Cosine Equation: _~ 400 cos =(x-¥) — Goo Zz = Sine Equation: ¥0o sin EQ-b5) - 600 ©) Your submarine is “safe” when it is below y = -300 meters. At time t= 0, was your submarine safe? Justify youranswer. yy, yee were rrle y - Y ata Aapth of B7e me