1.

1 Human Values

Human values are basic moral value one should possess to live as a citizen or as a person.

Foundations/Principles of Human Values:

Human values are based on the following aspects:
a. The dignity of human life
b. Respect for others
c. Interconnection of human and environment
d. Integrity and Service
e. Non violence
f. Quest for peace and happiness

Need for Human Values:

Human values are very much needed because:

a. Changes in Culture: The cultural changes that takes place in the world level leads to common
human values which need to be adopted by everyone.
b. Globalisation : The globalization also had brought some changes in the life of the individuals.
Hence certain human values would help people to be more adaptive.
c. Create peaceful world: Human values are very essential to create peaceful world without wars
and conflicts.
d. Create sense of unity : Human values are the same for all human beings which creates a sense of
unity among the people.

Elements/ Sub Values of Human Values:

The Sub values or elements of Human values are :

1. Love (Caring, Sharing, Sympathy)

2. Truth (Honesty, Integrity)
3. Right Conduct(Courage, Ethics , Respect)
4. Peace (Discipline, Self Confidence)
5. Non Violence (Citizenship, Forgiveness)

1. Love Caring, dedication, Friendship, Generosity, Helping, Kindness, Patience, Forgiveness,

Sympathy
2. Truth Equality, Honesty, Integrity, Self worth, Unity in Thought
3. Right conduct Cleanliness, Courage, Duty, Ethics, Goals, Leadership, Respect
4. Peace Focus, Calm, Concentration, Discipline, Humility, Satisfaction, Self Control,
confidence, Understanding
5. Non-Violence Appreciation of other religion and culture, Brotherhood, Citizenship,
Cooperation, Loyalty, Social Justice.
1.3.1 Service Learning
It is a teaching and learning strategy that integrate meaningful community service with
instruction and reflection to enrich the learning experience, teach civic responsibility and
strengthen communities.
It is a tool used widely by sociologist to encourage students to make connections between
classroom learning and the large community.
Eg: Rural literacy and computer skills for students

Importance of Service Learning:

It is an effective strategy to help students by Promoting learning through active
participation in service experiences.
Providing structured time for students to reflect by thinking, discussing and writing
about their service experience
Providing an opportunity for students to use skills and knowledge in real life
situations.
Extending learning beyond the classroom and into the community and fostering a
sense of caring for others
Service learning also strengthens both education and local communities by:
Building effective collaborative partnership between schools or colleges and other
institutions and organizations.
Engaging parents and other adults in supporting students learning
Meeting community needs through the service projects conduced

Characteristics of Service learning:

It links to academic content and standards

It involved young people in helping to determine and meet real, defined community
needs.
It is reciprocal in nature benefitting both the community and the service providers by
combining a service experience with a learning experience
It can be used in any subject area so long as it is appropriate to learning goals
It is positive, meaningful and real to the participants.

1.3.2 Civic Virtue:

Definition: It is morality or a standard of righteous behavior in relationship to a citizens
involvement in society.
An individual may exhibit civic virtue by voting, volunteering, organizing a book group or
attended a public oriented meeting.
Civic- It means relating to or belonging to a city, a citizen
Responsibility It refers to the state or quality of being responsible or something for which
one is responsibility such as duty and obligation.
Citizen is a person owing loyalty to and entitled by birth or naturalization to the protection
of a state or Union.
Citizenship means a production, responsible , caring and contributing member of the
society.
Civic virtue or responsibility is comprised of actions and attitudes associated with democratic
governance and social participation.

Importance of civic virtue:

Helps to understand their ties to the community and the people responsibilities.
It is a public good.
By engaging in civic responsibility, citizens ensure and uphold certain democratic
values written in the Indian Constitution and Bill of Rights
Those values or duties include justice, freedom, equality, diversity, authority, privacy,
truth, patriotism and human right.

Need /Why Civic Virtue?

It is the moral underpinning of how a citizen related to society
What are civic virtues? / Elements
Engaging with others from a stance of open-hearted conviction and sincerity.
Compromise is a civic virtue in a democracy
Moral courage

1.4.1 Respect for others:

Respect for others is
Learnt from parents, teachers and leaders
Respecting rules and laws
Family and cultural traditions
Others feeling/opinions

1.4.2 Living peacefully:

Peace concept:
It can be said to be a passive state of mind,. It has its own strength and power.
It has a great influence on mind, brain power and also the environment around.
Peaceful mind can work efficiently
Good ideas take shapes in a peaceful mind giving birth to good results
 Living peacefully is not only individual but collective
It achieves meetings, gatherings, organization and institutional activities.

1.4.3 Caring :

It is defined as is knowing, feeling and acting in the interest of others.

It is To be concerned about and to facilitate the growth and actualization of other people
even oneself.

Elements:
The major elements of sharing are
Devotion
Constancy
Learning and living
It includes: Ones Self
Help the other to care for
Involves desire and motivation
Heart of ethics

1.4.4 Sharing:
Sharing could be in the form of money, food, material, book, knowledge, time,
thoughts, happiness, sorrow and work.
It gives peace of mind, a feeling of fulfillment and satisfaction.
Sharing should be with sincerity, affection and kindness.
1.5.1 Honesty
It means expressing ones true feeling
Essentials of Honesty:
To be able to be emotionally honest.
We must first be emotionally aware.
This emotional awareness is related to our emotional intelligence.
Emotional intelligence may also give us the ability to decide when it is in our best
interest to be emotionally hones by sharing our real feelings.

Society and discourage of honesty:

Society teaches us to ignore, deny and lie about ones feeling.
Children start out emotionally honest. They express their true feelings freely and
spontaneously. But the training to be emotionally dishonest begin at early stages.
Emotional honesty:
Dishonesty requires more energy than the emotional honesty.
 Dishonest may lost the value of ones natural feelings
It takes energy to oppose reality, nature and evolution

1.5.2 Courage: Courage is a quality reserved for soldiers, firefighters and acitivists.
Definiton:
Amborse Redmoon defines courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgement that
something else is more important than fear.
|Courage is resistance to fear, mastering of fear- but not absence of fear Mark Twain
Salient features of courage:
1. Physical courage is the willingness to face serious risk to life or limb instead of feelings
from it
2. Moral courage is not about facing physicalchallence. Its about facing mental challenges
that could harm ones reputation, emotional well being, self esteem or other
characteristics.
3. Courage can be promoted, encouraged, and raut through teaching . Eg:training
4. It is never formulaic or automatic but requires constant vigilance against its opposite and
it counterfeit.

Building Courage:

It requires strengath of mind, innovative ideas, will to survie, seriousness of attempt.

Two important ways

Raise your consciousness

Move from fear to action, even if you expect from fail.

1.6 Valuing Time

Introduction:
The time available for man to be spent in a day is 24 hours. But only 8 hours is used for
special purposes. There is a need to utilize that 8 hours in an effective way. It is ob served
that the secret of successful persons is that they are good at time management. Thus Time is
a measure of ones usefulness and success. It has value.

Time as a resource:
1. Time is money: Engineers must learn to think of their time and their time as a
valuable resource like money or gold.
2. Time cannot be saved: Time is a resource that cannot be accumulated or stored for
future use.
3. Effectiveness: Everyone is forced to use time. But it should be used effectively.
Time Management: It is the rational way to ensure that our limited time is always used
effectively.

Identifying Time Waters:

Some common time wasters identified by engineers are given below:

1. Unscheduled and Scheduled meetings

2. Lack of adequate planning
3. Poor delegation
4. Too much socialising
5. Ineffective communication
6. Lack of goals and objectives
7. Poorly organized supervision
8. Poor use of telephone

Time management principles:

The essential steps required to manage ones time are given below:
1. Clear objectives: First the overall objective should be identified. Then the
objective is broken down into smaller tasks.
2. Prioritize tasks: Priority refers to importance. The tasks are arranged based on
importance.
3. Stick to scheduled tasks: Now one has to follow the plans, stick to them and
complete with in time.
4. Allow time to manage your time: Since planning the time is an active process.
Allocate a slot of time for time management.
5. The unexpected: While planning the time, consider the unexpected jobs and
activities also.
6. Managing time wasters: All sorts of time wasters should be reduced or removed.

1.7.1 Cooperation, Commitment, Empathy, Self Confidence, Character

Cooperation:

Meaning:

Cooperation is the process of working together and achieving the objectives.

Need/Benefits of Cooperation:

Unity gives strength

Teamwork requires cooperation
Everybody depends on others
It gives success in completing a work
Problems of Non cooperation:

Non cooperation leads to fear, confusion, disorder, inadequacy, cannot organize any
programmes, innovation is not possible.

1.7.2 Commitment: It starts from student days

Engineers commitment start with an intellect and profession diligence and must discharge the
duties with devotion and commitment.

Commitment of Engineers:

a. Work with diligence

b. Innovation
c. Honesty

1.7.3 Empathy:

Definition : The ability to imagine oneself in anothers place and understand the others feelings,
desires, ideas and actions.

Characteristics of Empathy:

Empathy is the ability to read other peoples emotions.

It is the ability to experience the emotions of others
It is the ability to put oneself in others position

Elements:

Ability to imagine
Self awareness or self consciousness
Recognising othehy
Existence of accessible feelings, desires, ideas and actions
Empathor The person who empathises
Emapthee The object of empathy
Availability of a moral frame of reference
Availbility of aesthetic frame of reference.

Difference between sympathy and empathy:

1. Empathy is about feeling. Sympathy is about actions.

2. Empathy is both positive and negative. Sympathy is negative.
3. Empathy is understanding how happy or sad the other person is. Sympathy is feeling sad
for other persons loss.
Benefits of Empathy:

Empathy has many benefits such as :

a. Empathy connects people together: When one empathise other person, there is a
connection developed between the two people. The other person also will try to
understand and cooperate.
b. Empathy heals: It is a healing experience for someone to be empathized. The problems
faced by others acts as a self healing and the care shown towards others heals them.
c. Empathy builds trust : Empathy may be a surprise for others. So it may not be believed in
the beginning. But in course of time the trust is developed.
d. Empathy closes the loop: Empathy makes communication very effective. Empathy leads
to getting immediate feedback which closes the loop of communication. Thus the
information given is well understood and agreed.

1.7.4 Self Confidence:

Self confidence is the belief on self. A strong mind is very much necessary for every one.

Importance of Self Confidence:

It generates hidden power and strength to undertake any difficult task.

It generates positive thinking
Facing competitions

Developing Self Confidence:

The methods to develop self confidence are

a. Self Improvement
b. Positive Thinking
c. Proper Planning
d. Self Help

1.7.5 Character:

Derived from Greek word charakter which was originally used of a mark impressed upon a
coin.

Character mean a distinctive mark by which one is distinguished from others.

It includes mannerism, social gestures or habits of dress.

 Concept of Character:

a. Character and Virtue : Character is different from virtue. Virtue is the mortal purpose of a
human being. It is the goal for which an individual strives. But character is the mean to
achieve the goal.
b. Character and Nature: Character is different from Nature. Nature pertain to mans
thinking and behaviour. Sum total of nature is termed as character.
c. Character and Mans Will/Temperament: Temperament or mans will is related to
mechanical skills such as boldness. Character is based on will. The character is weak or
strong based on the temperament.

1.8.1 Spirituality : It is a broad term that refers to the way of living. It emphasizes a constant
awareness of the spiritual dimension of nature.
It is a sense of self.
Types of spirituality:
a. Religious spirituality
b. Workplace spirituality

Religious spirituality:

Moral obligation are duties to god

Belief in religion
Emphasis on virtue
Eg: Christianity- Virtue of hope and love
Islam Virtue of Excellence
Hinduism Virtue of correctness of action
Work Place Spirituality:
It is the value given to the job.

The ways to create work place spirituality are

1. Commitment to learn spiritual values of the work place

2. Create list of actions and behaviours of spiritual value.
3. Integrate values and ethics
4. Create a personal wellness program like exercise
5. Trust others in a responsible way.
6. Continuous learning
7. Commitment to work every day
8. Use teamwork
9. Performance leads to earning
10. Focus on actions and leave the rest to to the God

1.8.2 Introduction to Yoga and Meditation for Professional Excellence and Stress
Management:

Yoga: The word Yoga means Yoke or Unity translated from sansrit. It means discipline.
Meditation is a part of yoga.

Types of Yoga: Ananda, Ashthanga, Bikram, Pranayama, Kundalini etc

Meditation: It is a technique in which the meditator seeks not only to reach a deep state of
relaxation but to quiet the mind.

Stress Management: The point of stress reduction and stress management is to eliminate
stress from our life. Many stress therapists recognize that regular meditation and relaxation
can of significant help in reducing stress to manageable and healthy levels.

Types of Stress : There are two types of stress such as Eustress and distress

Eustress is a positive stress and distress is negative.

Characteristics: Eustress:

Improves performance
Short term in nature
Motivates and focuses energy

Distress:

Demotivating and displaces energy

Causes anxiety, worry or concern
Feels generally unpleasant
Decreases overall performance
May lead to physical illness/Mental fatigue