REQUIREMENTS FOR VALVES IN HF SERVICE

Sudhanshu Poddar
PTIN-PTE/PMMI

Version History
Date Rev no. Description Prepared by Approved by
15/12/2016 0 Final Issued Sudhanshu Poddar Alfred Kruijer

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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 2
2. MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 2
2.1 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ..................................................................................... 2
2.1.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 2
2.1.2 CARBON STEEL ...................................................................................................... 2
2.2 HEAT TREATMENT ................................................................................................. 2
2.2.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 2
2.2.2 Carbon steel ............................................................................................................. 2
2.2.3 Nickel alloys.............................................................................................................. 3
2.3 IMPACT TESTING.................................................................................................... 3
2.4 TENSILE TESTING .................................................................................................. 4
2.5 HARDNESS TESTING ............................................................................................. 4
3. WELDING AND HARD FACING REQUIREMENTS ................................................. 5
4. VALVES MANUFACTURED FROM BAR MATERIAL .............................................. 5
5. LIFTING POINTS ..................................................................................................... 5
6. NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION ...................................................................... 5
6.1 INSPECTION SCOPE .............................................................................................. 5
6.2 EXECUTION............................................................................................................. 6
6.2.1 Methods .................................................................................................................... 6
6.2.2 Execution .................................................................................................................. 6
6.2.3 Acceptance criteria ................................................................................................... 7
6.2.4 Sample strategy and lot acceptance ......................................................................... 8
7. DOCUMENTATION ................................................................................................ 10
8. WITNESSING BY THE PRINCIPAL ....................................................................... 10
9. TYPE ACCEPTANCE TESTING FOR VALVES ..................................................... 10
10. FUGITIVE EMISSION PRODUCTION TESTING FOR VALVES ............................ 11
11. REQUIRMENTS ON SPIRAL WOUND GASKET FOR VALVES ............................ 11
12. REQUIREMENTS ON GRAPHITE PACKING MATERIAL...................................... 11
13. REQUIREMENTS ON PACKING MATERIAL, GRAPHITE AND CARBON
BRAIDED YARN ..................................................................................................... 14
14. REQUIREMENTS FOR HYDROFLUORIC ACID (HF) ........................................... 18
HF VALVE DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................... 19
APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................... 24
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1. INTRODUCTION
The requirements specified in this part are the general requirements for valves in HF service.

2. MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

2.1.1 GENERAL
Unless specified otherwise, the restrictions in the chemical composition contained in following
clauses 2.1.2 apply to the pressure containing parts of the valve (body, bonnet and cover)
and the stem for each valve.

2.1.2 CARBON STEEL

Carbon steel forgings to ASTM A 105 and to ASTM A 350 Grade LF2 Class 1 shall have the
following restrictions in their chemical composition:
- The carbon content shall not exceed 0.23 %.
- The carbon equivalent (CE) shall not exceed 0.43.
Carbon steel castings to ASTM A 216 Grades WCB and WCC and to ASTM A 352 Grade
LCC shall have the following restrictions in their chemical composition:
- The carbon content shall not exceed 0.25 %.
- The carbon equivalent (CE) shall not exceed 0.43.

The carbon equivalent (CE) shall be calculated with the following formula:
Mn Cr Mo V Ni Cu
CE C ,
6 5 15

2.2 HEAT TREATMENT

2.2.1 General
All heat treatment procedures shall be subject to a statistical process control to ensure that
the final material properties comply with the applicable material standard and this document.
Statistical process control is not required for heat treatment records that are supported by a
type 3.1 certificate.
In order to avoid over-application of inspection and testing per batch, particularly for smaller
batches, pro-active application of statistical process control of parameters which are critical
to the manufacturer to produce goods to the intended quality level is deemed a strong enabler
to achieve product quality.
Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) shall be performed as required in the applicable material
standard. Unless specified otherwise, PWHT only applies to all welds affecting the integrity
of the pressure retaining boundary and does therefore not necessarily apply to tack welds,
seal welds or attachment welds such as those for backseat bushings, seat rings, lifting lugs
and auxiliary connections.

2.2.2 Carbon steel

Carbon steel forgings to ASTM A105 shall be furnished in the normalised condition or
quenched and tempered condition. Forgings produced in accordance with ASTM A105
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furnished in the quenched and tempered condition, shall at least show a microstructure equal
to the normalized condition, and shall be able to meet additional requirement S1.1.

2.2.3 Nickel alloys

PWHT for Alloy 400 forgings to ASTM B 564 UNS N04400 or castings to ASTM A 494 Grade
M35-1, shall be carried out at 590 C (1094 F) for at least 1 hour.

2.3 IMPACT TESTING

General
Impact testing is required where this is a requirement of the applicable standard specification
or design code such as ASME B31.3. Exemption from impact testing or relaxation of the
minimum impact toughness requirement as permitted in the design codes, when the design
stress is reduced relative to the allowable stress, shall only be invoked with the approval of
the principal.
A minimum of one impact test, comprising a set of three specimens, shall be performed on
a representative test bar of each heat of the material in the final heat-treated condition.
Test specimens shall be cut from a separate or attached block taken from the same heat,
reduced by forging where applicable, and heat-treated to the same heat treatment, including
stress-relieving, as the product materials, except that it is not necessary to retest pressure-
containing parts stress-relieved at or below a previous stress-relieving or tempering
temperature.
Impact test specimens shall be located at mid thickness.
Where sub-size specimens are permitted or necessary, the required absorbed energy shall
be adjusted accordingly by the ratio of the specimen width parallel to the notch to the width
of a full-size specimen (10mm) as indicated in ASTM A370.
Additional requirements for quality control purposes are given here for certain valve
materials.
For the impact values of material types and grades listed below, below listed values shall
prevail.

Carbon steel
Impact testing is required for pressure containing parts of low temperature carbon steel
forgings and castings, in cases indicated in the ASTM standard or the applicable design
code.
Low temperature carbon steels valves shall be impact tested at a temperature of minus 50
C (minus 58 F). The listed values for the minimum required impact energy as per the original
standard remain applicable.
Alternatively, the impact tests may be carried out at minus 46 C (minus 50 F) but the impact
test results as an average of three tests shall be at least 27 J (20 ft.lbs) for standard size
specimens (10 mm x 10 mm). Only one result may be lower than 27 J (20 ft.lbs), but it shall
be at least 21 J (15 ft.lbs).
If nuts of grade 4, 7 or 7M are specified, ASTM A194 Supplementary Requirement S3 shall
apply.
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Figure 1: Location and orientation of Charpy samples to be taken from weldments

2.4 TENSILE TESTING

For forged valves, tensile testing shall be carried out in transverse direction and longitudinal
direction. If welds are present, additional cross weld tensile tests shall be carried out on a
test coupon.
For cast valves, tensile testing shall be carried out in any convenient direction.
The requirements of the applicable materials standard shall be met. For cross weld tensile
tests only the ultimate tensile strength requirement will need to be met.

2.5 HARDNESS TESTING

Hardness measurements shall be carried out on one representative specimen per heat
treatment lot (one lot is defined as a group of valves of the same wall thickness manufactured
from one heat of material and heat treated in one batch). Trajectories of 5 Rockwell C
hardness measurements shall be carried out in accordance with ASTM E18 at mid-wall, 1
mm (0.04 in) form the inner surface and 1 mm (0.04 in) from the outer surface.
If welds are present, additional Vickers HV10 cross weld hardness measurements trajectories
shall be made in accordance with ASTM A370 on a test coupon, which shall include readings
of the weld metal, fusion line and HAZ.
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The requirements of the applicable materials standard shall be met.

3. WELDING AND HARD FACING REQUIREMENTS

3.1 If valve design includes hard facing, then following requirements shall be complied with:
3.1.1 Hard facing material
For tungsten carbide hard facing, hard facing material shall be 83% tungsten carbide and
17% cobalt as metallic binder.
3.1.2 Finishing
All the coated parts shall be ground and lapped. The planarity for gates and the out of
roundness for ball shall be according to the value indicated on the engineering drawing.
3.1.3 Surface finish testing
The surface on the finished components shall be tested.
Acceptance criteria: The maximum roughness value shall be Ra = 0.15 m.
The surface sealing contact between gate and seats will be integral, without any
circumferential failure or scratch.
3.1.4 Non Destructive Examination (NDE)
All the coated surfaces shall be 100% visually examined and shall be free from pores and
cracks.
In addition, all the coated surfaces and substrate areas 12.5 mm (0.5 in) beyond coating shall
be 100% liquid penetrant examined in accordance with Article 6, ASME V. The acceptance
criteria shall be in accordance with QW 195.2, ASME IX.

3.2 Unless otherwise specified, the minimum finished thickness of the welded-on hard facing
material shall be 1.0 mm (0.04 in).

4. VALVES MANUFACTURED FROM BAR MATERIAL

Valve shall not be made from bar material

5. LIFTING POINTS
The Manufacturer shall ensure that the valve is capable of being lifted (e.g. provided with
lifting points, if necessary).

6. NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION

6.1 INSPECTION SCOPE

The quality of valves shall be such that when examined in accordance with 6.2.1 and 6.2.2,
the valves shall conform to the acceptance criteria specified in 6.2.3.
As a minimum, valves shall be subject to Non-Destructive Examination (NDE) in accordance
with their Inspection Category (IC). These Inspection Categories are determined on the basis
of pressure class, material, valve size and service.
The extent of NDE per Inspection Category shall be in accordance with Table 2. The
inspection category selected for HF service is IC-IV.
Regardless of the sampling specified in section 6.2.4, a prototype casting shall be fully
inspected and tested by the manufacturer in accordance to the following examinations:
i) Visual examination
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ii) RT or UT of critical areas (Critical sections of pressure containing parts (body and bonnet
/ cover) as determined by radiographic examination requirements for special class valves
as defined by ASME B16.34) of pressure containing parts
iii) MP or LP of entire surface of pressure containing parts. Liquid Penetrant examination
shall be considered on non-magnetic materials.
The above mentioned examinations shall be executed in accordance to 6.2.

6.2 EXECUTION

6.2.1 Methods
The following requirements shall apply:
- Visual examination
Visual examination shall be conducted on the entire, visible, internal and external surface
area of the valve components.
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASME Section V, Article 9.
- Penetrant testing (LP)
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, Section V, Article 6. For stainless steel and CRA valves, LP examination shall be
performed only after thorough cleaning as per ASTM E165, A1.1.1.8.
- Magnetic-particle testing (MP)
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, Section V, Article 7.
- Radiographic testing (RT) of castings
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASTM A990 paragraph 10.3 Class
B, table 6, iron-nickel-chromium alloys
- Radiographic testing (RT) of welds
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, Section V, Article 2.
- Ultrasonic testing (UT) of castings
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASME B16.34-2013, Appendix-IV.
- Ultrasonic testing (UT) of welds
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, Section V, Article 4.
- Hardness testing
Examination shall be carried out in accordance with ASTM E 110.
- All other examinations shall be carried out in accordance with ASME B16.34.

6.2.2 Execution
The following requirements shall apply:
- Unless specified otherwise, NDE shall be carried out after completion of heat treatment.
- Visual examination shall be conducted on the entire, visible, internal and external surface
area of the valve components.
- Magnetic Particle (MP) and Liquid Penetrant (LP) examinations shall be carried out on
surfaces in their finished form and prior to application of coating on accessible internal
and external surfaces to the extent as specified in Table 4. The yoke method shall be
used (if possible), but permanent magnets are prohibited.
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- NDE personnel shall be qualified in accordance with the requirements specified in ASNT
SNT-TC-1A, ISO 9712 or EN 473 Level II as a minimum. Other qualifications are subject
of approval by the Principal.
- Personnel performing visual inspections of welding operations and completed welds
shall be qualified and certified by one of the following:
Welding Inspectors qualified through the American Welding Society shall, as a
minimum, be certified as a Welding Inspector or Associate Welding Inspector.
Welding Inspectors qualified through the International Institute of Welding shall, as
a minimum, be certified as an International Welding Practitioner.
Welding Inspectors qualified through The Welding Institute shall, as a minimum, be
certified as a Welding Inspector 3.0.
- Hardness testing shall be executed as follows:
At least 1 reading per weld for valves DN 100 ( NPS 4).
At least 2 readings per weld for valves 150 DN 300 (6 NPS 12).
At least 1 reading every 400 mm (16 in) of weld length for valves > DN 300
(> NPS 12).
Hardness testing applies to pressure retaining welds only (i.e. attachment of flanges to
the valve body, body-to-bonnet or body-to-cover connection).

6.2.3 Acceptance criteria

The following requirements shall apply:
- Unless specified otherwise, acceptance criteria for NDE methods shall be in accordance
with ASME B16.34.
- Penetrant testing (LP)
Acceptance shall be in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 8, except:
for castings and non-machined overlay relevant indications (rounded and linear) of
less than 5 mm are acceptable;
for machined overlay there shall be no indications in the seal areas
- Magnetic-particle testing (MP)
Acceptance shall be in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 6, except:
for castings relevant indications (rounded and linear) of less than 5 mm are
acceptable.
- Radiographic testing (RT) of castings
Acceptance shall be in accordance with ASTM A990 paragraph 10.3 Class B, table 6,
iron-nickel-chromium alloys
- Radiographic testing (RT) of welds
For linear indications, acceptance shall be in accordance with ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, UW-51;
For rounded indications, acceptance shall be in accordance with ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 4.
- Ultrasonic testing (UT) of castings
Acceptance shall be in accordance with ASME B16.34-2004, Appendix-IV.
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- Ultrasonic testing (UT) of welds

Acceptance shall be in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 12.
- Visual examination
The acceptance criteria for visual examination of forgings shall be in accordance with
the applicable ASTM standard, while the acceptance criteria for visual examination of
castings shall be in accordance with MSS SP-55 as follows:
Type 1: none acceptable;
Type 2 to 12: A and B only.
- Hardness testing
Unless specified otherwise, hardness testing shall have the following acceptance
criteria:
The hardness of base metal, welds and Heat Affected Zones (HAZ) of pressure
containing parts (body, bonnet or cover) manufactured of carbon steel shall not
exceed 248 HV10.
The hardness of base metal of internals with weld deposits shall not exceed 400
HV10.
The hardness of Stellite 6 weld overlay shall be in the range of 330 HV10 to 450
HV10.
The hardness of 13Cr internals shall not exceed 400 HV10.
The hardness indentations shall be avoided on any sealing or sliding surfaces.

6.2.4 Sample strategy and lot acceptance

Unless specified otherwise, the lot for each inspection campaign, from which the test samples
are drawn, is defined as all valves part of the same purchase order and purchased from a
single manufacturing location.
A lot shall be divided into sub-lots per Inspection Category. Table 2 then gives the percentage
of NDE per Inspection Category and thus per sub-lot.
In case the percentage of the lot to be inspected is < 100 %, the sample size shall be rounded-
up to the next whole number. In that case samples shall be drawn from the sub-lot of valves
at random. However, if that sub-lot consists of various sizes, pressure classes, then sampling
shall be applied in such a way that it covers the entire production range from that lot. In
addition, in case the sub-lot is manufactured from different heats, at least 1 valve per heat
shall be examined.
In the event that any of the examinations do not meet the acceptance criteria, the failed
valve(s) shall be repaired, tested and re-examined by the same method and the re-
examination shall include additional valves from the same sub-lot. The sampling plan and
procedure for the re-examination shall follow ISO 2859/2:1985, Procedure A, Limiting Quality
32% (Table A).
If the number of nonconforming valves found in the sample is greater than the acceptance
number (AC), the lot is unacceptable. In that case all valves in the sub-lot shall be re-
examined.
Notwithstanding that the lot is accepted, any nonconforming valves found during
examination, whether forming part of the sample or not, shall be repaired, tested and re-
examined.
The entire lot shall be accepted if all samples meet the requirements.
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Table 2 Extent of NDE on valves

NDE Requirements1 Forging (IC-IV) Casting (IC-IV)

1 Visual examination 100 100
2 UT of entire surface of
plate for valves fabricated N/A N/A
by welding
3 RT or UT of critical areas of
- 100
pressure containing parts2
4 RT or UT of full penetration
welds for valves fabricated N/A N/A
by welding
5 RT or UT of bonnet-to-body
welds and welded on
100 100
flanged ends and pup-
pieces6
6 LP of entire internally
cladded weld overlay 100 100
surface6
7 MP or LP of entire surface
of pressure containing 100 100
parts3,7
8 MP or LP of machined
surfaces of pressure
containing parts, seats,
stem (a stem that is 100 100
penetrating the pressure
boundary is subject to
testing) and obturator3
9 MP or LP of the surface of
100 100
butt-welding ends3
10 MP or LP of full
penetration, fillet and/or
attachment welds for N/A N/A
valves fabricated by
welding3,6
11 MP or LP of bonnet-to-body
100 100
welds3,6
12 Hardness of weld metal for
Y Y
pressure retaining welds4
1. RT = Radiography; UT = Ultrasonic; MP = Magnetic Particle; LP = Liquid Penetrant
2. Critical sections of pressure containing parts (body and bonnet / cover) as determined by
radiographic examination requirements for special class valves as defined by ASME
B16.34.
3. Liquid Penetrant on non-magnetic materials.
4. Y = 5 % for valves made of carbon steel, C-Mn or Cr-Mo steels in ASME Class 900 and
for either of the following services: hydrogen, hydrofluoric acid (HF), sour, caustic soda,
sulfuric acid, chlorine or for valves with a minimum design temperature < minus 29 C (<
minus 20 F).
5. For welded bonnet gate and globe check valves, DN 50 (NPS 2) and smaller (designed to
API 600, API 602, ISO15761) 100% MP or LP examination.
6. For stainless steel and CRA valves, etching shall be performed (see ASTM E165, Annex
A1.1.1.8)
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7. DOCUMENTATION
If specified by the Principal, the Manufacturer shall provide documentation prior to shipment.
Computerized data or photocopies of originals, which are verified and signed by the QA/QC
department, may be provided instead of originals.
All documentation shall be in English or accompanied by a certified translation in English.
Unless specified otherwise, all documentation shall be stored for at least 10 years and shall
include the following:
1. Purchase order and identification of valves by serial number or Manufacturers code.
2. Material test reports and inspection certificates, traceable by heat number to the
foundry or mill.
3. NDE reports, including sketches, if necessary, showing the locations of examination,
traceable by heat or serial number. The retention period for NDE reports shall be 5
years. The retention period for radiographs shall be at least 12 months.
4. Listing of applicable and authorised concessions, waivers and/or material
substitutions.
5. Listing of applicable manuals (e.g. assembly or maintenance manuals).

The Manufacturer shall provide the following certificates:

1. All pressure containing parts (viz., body, bonnet and cover), as well as closure
member, seat rings (if applicable), stem and bellows (if applicable) shall have an
inspection certificate in accordance with ISO 10474 type 3.1 or EN 10204 type 3.1.
2. All non-metallic materials shall have a certificate of compliance in accordance with
ISO 10474 type 2.1 or EN 10204 type 2.1.
3. All testing and examination shall have an inspection certificate in accordance with
ISO 10474 type 3.1 or EN 10204 type 3.1.
4. The finished valve shall have an inspection certificate in accordance with ISO 10474
type 2.1 or EN 10204 type 2.1, demonstrating that it complies with all requirements.

8. WITNESSING BY THE PRINCIPAL

The Principal shall specify if, and to what extent, he or his designated representative will
witness the Manufacturers inspections and tests and/or will perform a document review
before shipment.

9. TYPE ACCEPTANCE TESTING FOR VALVES

Valve design shall be validated through type acceptance test in accordance to MESC SPE
77/300. Then following sizes are to be selected for type acceptance testing.

Valve Type Valve Marking on Size Selected Size selected

PEFS/UOP
Gate T - DN 150 (NPS 6)
Gate M DN 25 (NPS 1) -
Check B or M - -
Globe A or M DN 25 (NPS 1) -
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Globe T DN 25 (NPS 1) -
Plug P or PU DN 25 (NPS 1) DN 100 (NPS 4)

Note: Valve selection is rationalized reflecting the volume of the MTO.

10. FUGITIVE EMISSION PRODUCTION TESTING FOR VALVES

Fugitive emission production testing of the valves shall be in accordance to MESC SPE
77/312.

11. REQUIRMENTS ON SPIRAL WOUND GASKET FOR VALVES

Following additional requirement are applicable on spiral wound gasket for valves.
The filler material shall be 0.2 mm (0.0079 in) above the winding material.
Filler material made from expanded graphite shall comply with requirement listed in
the documents elsewhere.
Paints, coating or plating shall not contain cadmium, zinc or any other detrimental
metal.
Gaskets with graphite filler shall be of a fire-tested design and certified in accordance
with API 6FB.
- Each gasket shall be free from sharp edges, burrs, organic substances or any other
foreign particulate matter.

12. REQUIREMENTS ON GRAPHITE PACKING MATERIAL

Following are the requirements for graphite per ASTM F 2168:13 as applied in sealing
components, like foil, packing and gaskets.
These requirements are written as amendments and supplements to ASTM F 2168:13,
which are covered in following paragraphs. The clause numbering of ASTM F 2168:13
has been retained and any amendments are identified as Add, Modify to read or
Delete. Any clauses of ASTM F 2168:13 that are not amended or supplemented shall
apply as written.

AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ASTM F 2168:13

1.1 Modify 1st sentence to read:

This specification covers various types, classes and grades of graphite material in
which service temperatures are limited to a maximum of 538 C (1000 F).
3.1.7 Modify to read:
Lot all finished packing materials of one size, type, class and grade produced on a
continuous run under the same relevant conditions, made from the same batch of
raw material.
4.1.1 Add:
This type also includes flat sheet or tape.
4.1.3 Delete
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4.1.5 Delete
4.1.7 Add Only Type I or Type II, Class 2 and Grade B material shall be used.
7.1 Add:
The following amendments shall apply:
- Supplementary requirement S3 shall apply, except that the density of Type II
shall be minimum 1500 kg/m (94 lb/ft).
- Ash (mass) content shall be 2 %.
- Chlorine content shall be 50 ppm.
- Sulfur content shall be 750 ppm.
- Fluorine content shall be 10 ppm.
- Total halogen content (chlorine, bromine and fluorine) shall be 310 ppm
- Graphite purity (mass) shall be 98 %
The above requirement for graphite purity applies if PTFE lubrication is not specified.
If PTFE lubrication is specified, the following shall apply instead:
- Graphite purity (mass) shall be 95 %.
- PTFE content (by volume) shall be 5 %.
- Fluorine content shall be in accordance with ASTM F 2168.
7.3 Add An oxidation inhibitor may be added to minimise the weight loss due to high
temperature exposure. For spiral wound gaskets with AISI 321 winding material, an
oxidation inhibitor shall be added to minimise the weight loss due to high temperature
exposure.
9.3 Replace the 1st sentence by:
The number of cuts shall be zero or one.
10.2 Add Supplementary requirement S6.1 shall apply.
13.7 Add Oxidation test
(If the raw material is sourced from a manufacturer who performs HT oxidation
testing as part of their standard QA/QC, the additional testing is not required)
Purpose:
An oxidation test to verify the weight loss of graphite sample after being heated in a
furnace. This test does not apply to packing materials containing polymeric lubricants
(e.g. PTFE) or blockers.
The tools used for subsampling shall be degreased, by rinsing them with e.g. acetone.
If a Muffle Oven is used, the Muffle Oven shall be calibrated by thermocouples for
temperature accuracy and variance, at the position where the samples will be located
with a frequency of 4 times a year. The temperature setting of the furnace shall be
adjusted in such a way that the calibrated thermocouple at the position of the sample
reads 670C.
Test condition, procedure and recordings:
The test shall be carried out in accordance with EN 14772, Section 6.7 and with the
following amendments:
- For testing of graphite foil, the dimensions of the sample shall be 50 mm x
150 mm x 0.5 mm (2 in x 6 in x 0.02 in). For testing of a die formed packing ring,
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the dimensions of the sample shall be 25.4 mm x 38.1 mm x 6.4 mm (1 in x 1.5

in x 0.25 in).
- For testing of a die formed packing ring, the density of the sample shall be
1500 kg/m (94 lb/ft).
- The temperature reading of the testing apparatus shall be calibrated.
- The sample shall not be put in direct airflow.
- All sample handling is done using gloves
- Dimensions of the cut graphite test sample should be such that it fits into the
specimen receptacle or crucible without sticking out. The sample to be tested
shall be conditioned at 150 C (302 F) for 1 hour and then held in a desiccator
until tested. Desiccator is not required for Leco TGA701.
- After drying the sample, the thermo-gravimetric test equipment shall run at
670 5 C (1238 9 F) for 4 hours. After loading the sample and closing the
furnace, at least 15 minutes of waiting time is maintained to equilibrate the
system.
- After 4 hours the machine is allowed to cool down.
- Requirements for the Muffle Oven and Thermo Gravimetric Analyser test
equipment shall be as per Table 7 (e.g. Muffle Oven, Leco TGA-701 or Leco
TGA-601).
Acceptance:
Calculate the sample weight loss as follows:
W1 W2
Weight loss, % 100 %
W1
With W1 the initial dry weight and W2 the final weight of the sample. W2 shall be
measured on a continuous basis.
The maximum (accumulated) allowable weight loss shall be < 4 % per hour.
Table 7 Add Table 7 - Oxidation test equipment

Equipment type Muffle Oven LECOTGA-701/TGA-601

Properties Value Value

Minimum furnace 250 x 300 x 230 mm 250 x 300 x 230 mm

dimensions/specifics (10 x 12 x 9 in) (10 x 12 x 9 in)
Place the sample on an open mesh of
316 stainless steel with wire of 9,5 mm
centres and wire of 1,6 mm diameter.
The sample holding mesh should be
positioned about 25 mm above the
bottom of the furnace chamber.

Sample weight range Up to 15 g Up to 5 g (75 gr)

Weight loss range 0% to 100% 0 % to 100 %

Balance precision 0.01 g (0.0015 gr) 0.0001 g (0.0015 gr)

weigh scale

Temperature range 100 C to 1000 C 100 C to 1000 C

(212 F to 1832 F) (212 F to 1832 F)
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Heating up range 104 C 5 C/min to 15 C/min 5 C/min to 15 C/min

(219.2 F) (9F/min to 27 F/min) (9F/min to 27 F/min)

Heating up range > 104 C 5 C/min to 15 C/min 5 C/min to 40 C/min

(219.2 F) (9F/min to 27 F/min) (9F/min to 72 F/min)

Furnace temperature stability 4 C ( 7 F) 4 C ( 7 F)

Furnace air refresh rate Vented no forced air supply 20 times per hour

Air speed at specimen location N.A. < 0.5 m/s (1.64 ft/s)

Air supply conditions N.A. Oil and water free

Furnace gauge pressure N.A. 0 bar to 0.05 bar

(0 psi to 0.73 psi)

4.1 Modify to read:

The packing and/or gasket Manufacturer is responsible for ensuring that the graphite
used in the end product meets the requirements of this specification.
Analysis of the graphite material, by testing, shall be performed on each lot.
14.2 Add One sample shall be taken from a lot and three specimens shall be taken from the
selected sample. The tests specified in 13.3 through 13.7 shall be executed on each
specimen and the results averaged. The average result shall meet the acceptance
criteria.
15.2 Add Supplementary requirement S10 shall apply.
16.1 Modify to read:
Analysis of the graphite material, through Chemical Analysis and High Temperature
Oxidation testing, shall be performed on each lot of graphite raw material received
by the manufacturer, unless an ISO 10474 type 3.1 or EN 10204 type 3.1 is provided
with the supplied lot.
The finished packing shall have an inspection certificate in accordance with ISO
10474 type 2.1 or EN 10204 type 2.1, demonstrating that it complies with all
requirements.
18.2 Add Packing shall comply with supplementary requirement S6.2

13. REQUIREMENTS ON PACKING MATERIAL, GRAPHITE AND CARBON BRAIDED YARN

This section specifies requirements for carbon/graphite braided filament yarn as applied in
stem compression packing, suitable for use as end-rings on packing systems for valves.
These requirements are written as amendments and supplements to ASTM F 2191:13, which
are covered in following paragraphs. The clause numbering of ASTM F 2191:13 has been
retained and any amendments are identified as Add, Modify to read or Delete. Any clauses
of ASTM F 2191:13 that are not amended or supplemented shall apply as written.
 P a g e | 15

AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ASTM F 2191:13

3.15 Modify to read:

Lot all finished packing of one size, type, class and grade produced on a
continuous run under the same relevant conditions, made from the same batch of
raw material.
4.1.3.1 Delete
4.1.3.3 Delete
4.2 Add Only Class 2 and Grade B material shall be used.
7.1 Add:
a) The following amendments shall apply for all packings:
- Ash (mass) content shall be 2 %.
- Chlorine content shall be 50 ppm.
- Sulfur content shall be 700 ppm.
- Fluorine content shall be 10 ppm.
- Total halogen (chlorine, bromine and fluorine) 310 ppm
- Carbon Assay
- Graphitic 98 % by mass.
- Carbon 96 % by mass.
The above requirements for carbon assay apply if PTFE lubrication is not specified.
If PTFE lubrication is specified, the following shall apply instead:
- Carbon Assay
- Graphitic purity shall be 95 % by mass.
- Carbon purity shall be 95 % by mass.
- PTFE content shall be 5 % by volume.
- Fluorine content as per ASTM F2191.
10.2 Add:
Supplementary requirement S6.1 shall apply.
13.1 Add:
All testing shall be performed on the final product.
13.12 Add Oxidation test
(If the raw material is sourced from a manufacturer who performs HT oxidation
testing as part of their standard QA/QC, the additional testing is not required)
Purpose:
An oxidation test to verify the weight loss of graphite or carbon sample after being
heated in a furnace. This test does not apply to packing materials containing
polymeric lubricants (e.g. PTFE) or blockers.
The tools used for subsampling shall be degreased, by rinsing them with e.g. acetone.
If a Muffle Oven is used, the Muffle Oven shall be calibrated by thermocouples for
temperature accuracy and variance, at the position where the samples will be located
with a frequency of 4 times a year. The temperature setting of the furnace shall be
 P a g e | 16

adjusted in such a way that the calibrated thermocouple at the position of the sample
reads 670C.
Test condition, procedure and recordings:
Test shall be carried out in accordance with EN 14772, Section 6.7 and with the
following amendments:
- The dimensions of the packing ring sample shall be 25.4 mm x 38.1 mm x 6.4
mm (1 in x 1.5 in x 0.25 in).
- The temperature reading of the testing apparatus shall be calibrated.
- The sample shall not be put in the direct airflow.
- All sample handling is done using gloves
- Dimensions of the cut graphite test sample should be such that it fits into the
specimen receptacle or crucible without sticking out.
- The sample to be tested shall be conditioned at 150 C (302 F) for 1 hour and
then held in a desiccator until tested. Desiccator is not required for Leco TGA701.
- After drying the sample, the thermo-gravimetric test equipment shall run at
670 C 5 C (1238 F 9 F) for 4 hours. After loading the sample and closing
the furnace, at least 15 minutes of waiting time is maintained to equilibrate the
system.
- After 4 hours the machine is allowed to cool down
- Requirements for the Muffle Oven and Thermo Gravimetric Analyser test
equipment shall be in accordance with Table 7 (e.g. Muffle Oven, Leco TGA-701
or Leco TGA-601).
Acceptance:
Calculate the sample weight loss as follows:
W1 W2
Weight loss, % 100 %
W1
where
W1 is the initial dry weight of the sample;
W2 is the final weight of the sample.
W2 shall be measured on a continuous basis.
The maximum (accumulated) allowable weight loss shall be < 4 % per hour.
 P a g e | 17

Table 7 Add Table 7 - Oxidation test equipment

Equipment type Muffle Oven LECOTGA-701 / TGA-601

Properties Value Value
Minimum furnace 250 x 300 x 230 mm 250 x 300 x 230 mm
dimensions/specifics (10 x 12 x 9 in) (10 x 12 x 9 in)
Place the sample on an open mesh of
316 stainless steel with wire of 9,5 mm
centres and wire of 1,6 mm diameter.
The sample holding mesh should be
positioned about 25 mm above the
bottom of the furnace chamber.

Sample weight range Up to 15 g Up to 5 g (75 gr)

Weight loss range 0% to 100% 0 % to 100 %
Balance precision 0.01 g (0.0015 gr) 0.0001 g (0.0015 gr)
weigh scale
Temperature range 100 C to 1000 C 100 C to 1000 C
(212 F to 1832 F) (212 F to 1832 F)

Heating up range 104 C 5 C/min to 15 C/min 5 C/min to 15 C/min

(219.2 F) (9F/min to 27 F/min) (9F/min to 27 F/min)

Heating up range > 104 C 5 C/min to 15 C/min 5 C/min to 40 C/min

(219.2 F) (9F/min to 27 F/min) (9F/min to 72 F/min)
Furnace temperature 4 C ( 7 F) 4 C ( 7 F)
stability
Furnace air refresh rate Vented no forced air supply 20 times per hour

Air speed at specimen N.A. < 0.5 m/s (1.64 ft/s)

location
Air supply conditions N.A. Oil and water free
Furnace gauge pressure N.A. 0 bar to 0.05 bar
(0 psi to 0.73 psi)

14.1 Modify to read:

The Manufacturer is responsible for ensuring that the packing components used in
the end product meets the requirements of this specification.
Analysis of the packing material, by testing, shall be performed on each lot.
One sample shall be taken from a lot and three specimens shall be taken from the
selected sample. The tests specified in 13.2 through 13.12 shall be executed on each
specimen and the results averaged. The average result shall meet the acceptance
criteria. The test results shall be compared with the results on the test reports
submitted by the graphite manufacturer.
15.2 Add Supplementary requirement S10 shall apply.
16.1 Modify to read:
Analysis of the graphite or carbon material, through Chemical Analysis and High
Temperature Oxidation testing, shall be performed on each lot of graphite raw
material received by the manufacturer, unless an ISO 10474 type 3.1 or EN 10204
type 3.1 is provided with the supplied lot.
The finished packing shall have an inspection certificate in accordance with ISO
10474 type 2.1 or EN 10204 type 2.1, demonstrating that it complies with all
requirements.
 P a g e | 18

14. REQUIREMENTS FOR HYDROFLUORIC ACID (HF)

The following additional requirements shall apply, if hydrofluoric acid (HF) service is
specified:
Where applicable, valves shall meet the applicable licensor specifications.
Carbon steel forgings shall comply with supplementary requirement S62 of ASTM A 961.
Carbon steel castings shall comply with supplementary requirement S16 of ASTM A 216.
If a carbon steel gate valve is specified, the wedge guides for those valves in sizes DN
50 (NPS 2) shall be constructed from solid Alloy 400.
Plug valves with a pressure balance hole and stagnant body cavities may only be used
in carbon steel plug valves, if the body cavity is filled with a grease resistant to
hydrofluoric acid.
All flanges shall be painted with one coat of HF-detecting paint and shall not be insulated.
Stem thread lubrication is prohibited.
Valves shall be separately packaged in a clean and hermetically sealed plastic bag. If
the bore of the valve permits, moisture absorbent sachets (e.g. silica gel) shall be placed
inside the valve.
Seat and stem injection system on the valves are prohibited.
 P a g e | 19

HF VALVE DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

GATE, GLOBE AND CHECK VALVES (API 602)

For End flanges and bonnet flanges the following tolerances shall apply:
The maximum lateral flange misalignment (offset of aligned flange centrelines) for valves
> DN 50 (NPS 2) shall be not greater than 2.0 mm (0.08 in).
For the angular flange misalignment (parallelism of aligned flange faces), the maximum
measured difference between flange faces shall be not greater than 2.5 mm/m (0.03 in/ft).
Removable body seats, which are threaded, rolled or pressed in place, shall be positively secured
against loosening by mechanical deformation, typically swaging.
The bonnet of a gate or globe valve or the cover of a check valve shall be secured to the body by
either bolting or welding.

Stem sections shall be cylindrical, within a tolerance of 0.05 mm (0.002 in). Stem shall be straight,
within a tolerance over the travel of the stem of 1 mm/meter (0.01 2 in/ft). Stem sealing area shall
have a maximum surface roughness (Ra) of 0.8 m (32 in) and free from any defects.

The gland follower shall protrude into the stuffing box before compressing the packing rings. A
threaded-union design gland shall not be used.
The stem shall be suitably supported and have clearances designed, such that with all anticipated
side loads it does not make rubbing contact with the adjacent static metallic components (bonnet,
gland ring etc.), which may lead to galling.
The packing box wall shall not be penetrated by any drillings or bound by the thread-end of the
backseat bushing.
The hand wheel shall be free from burrs and sharp edges. The hand wheel nut shall be secured
against loosening. The hand wheel diameter shall not exceed the face-to-face length of the
equivalent flanged valve or 320 mm (12.6 in), whichever is the smaller. The force required to operate
the hand wheel shall not exceed 360 N (80 lbf). For seating and unseating the valve, a maximum
momentary force Fs is allowed in accordance with EN 12570:2000, Clause 5.1.
Valves containing polymeric or elastomeric materials shall be of a fire-tested design and certified in
accordance with ISO 10497, BS 6755-2, or API 6FA.
If specified by the Principal, the valve shall be fitted with an actuator.
The valve manufacturer shall:
Verify that the actuator manufacturer has reviewed the information supplied by the valve
manufacturer.
Ensure that the valve stem design takes into account a safety factor based on the
maximum output torque or force of the actuator. Unless specified otherwise, this safety
factor shall be 1.5.
Gear operated and actuated valves shall be designed to prevent damage to the drive train of the
valve.

The obturator of a piston type check valve shall be designed such that in all positions, there is free
communication between the downstream side of the body and the bonnet cavity.
 P a g e | 20

If retaining tabs are applied for securing of valve parts, they shall be of the same material composition
as the trim material.
Bolting and other valve components shall not be galvanized or cadmium plated.
The Manufacturer shall list the material designation of all valve parts on the valve general
arrangement drawing or bill of materials.
Body marking shall either be integral or be made by stamping with a low-stress die stamp on a flange
rim (for flanged valves) or on the valve body (for butt-weld or threaded-end valves).
Valve bodies shall also have marking for Heat number of the body, bonnet and cover forgings and
castings.
For soft seated valves, the seat leakage rate shall be ISO 5208 rate A for gate/ globe valves and rate
B for check valves.
Prior to dispatch/shipment the valve internals shall be thoroughly cleaned and dried and the surfaces
shall be free from test fluids, cleaning agents, loose particles and organic substances. Valves shall
be properly preserved, fitted with end caps or flange protectors, placed on an adequate surface and
packaged to ensure protection against damage, ingress of moisture, rainfall and dirt during outdoor
storage for at least one year. Flange protectors in direct contact with flange faces shall not be of a
porous (e.g., wood) material.
The finished valve shall have a certificate in accordance with ISO 10474 type 2.1 or EN 10204 type
2.1, demonstrating that it complies with all requirements of API 602.

GATE VALVES (API 600)

For End flanges and bonnet flanges the following tolerances shall apply:
The maximum lateral flange misalignment (offset of aligned flange centrelines) for valves
> DN 50 (NPS 2) shall be not greater than 2.0 mm (0.08 in).
For the angular flange misalignment (parallelism of aligned flange faces), the maximum
measured difference between flange faces shall be not greater than 2.5 mm/m (0.03 in/ft).

Removable body seats, which are threaded, rolled or pressed in place, shall be positively secured against
loosening by mechanical deformation, typically swaging.
Spiral wound gaskets shall be fully confined or provided with outer and inner rings.
Ring-joint gaskets shall have a hardness equal to or less than that shown ASME B16.20, Table
1. In addition, the difference in hardness between the ring-joint gasket and the body/bonnet
groove shall be at least 30 Brinell (HBW).
The bolt sizing for bonnet to body joint shall also be in accordance with ASME VIII Division 1,
Appendix 2.
A one-piece wedge gate of a flexible wedge design shall be furnished.
Stem sections shall be cylindrical, within a tolerance of 0.05 mm (0.002 in).
Stem shall be straight, within a tolerance over the travel of the stem of 1 mm/meter (0.012 in/ft)
The yoke sleeve and/or bush shall be positively secured against loosening.
If a spacer ring is required to reduce the depth of the stuffing box, the spacer ring shall be of the
same material as the gland ring.
The stem shall be suitably supported and have clearances designed, such that with all
anticipated side loads it does not make rubbing contact with the adjacent static metallic
components (bonnet, gland ring etc.), which may lead to galling.
 P a g e | 21

The force required to operate the hand wheel shall not exceed 360 N (80 lbf) for cycling and unseating
the valve. However, the maximum momentary force Fs in accordance with EN 12570, Clause 5.1 is
allowed for seating the valve.
The hand wheel diameter shall not exceed the end-to-end length of the valve for classes 300 and above.
The hand wheel nut shall be positively secured against loosening.
If the force and dimensional limitations, specified in valve design standard, are exceeded, the valve
shall be provided with a gearbox:
The gearbox shall be dust-proof and weatherproof
Gearboxes with an outer casing for the stem shall be provided with a position indicator.
The dimensions of the gearbox shall not exceed the valve end-to-end dimension for
classes 300 and above. Gearboxes dimensions for class 150 valves shall not exceed
twice the end to end dimensions.
When the number of hand wheel turns exceeds 100 from fully open to fully closed, the
manufacturer shall specify the number of hand wheel turns on the quotation.
If specified by the Principal, the valve shall be fitted with an actuator.
The valve manufacturer shall:
Verify that the actuator manufacturer has reviewed the information supplied by the valve
manufacturer.
Ensure that the valve stem design takes into account a safety factor based on the
maximum output torque or force of the actuator. Unless specified otherwise, this safety
factor shall be 1.5. The stem strength shall match that of the actuator; by inference the
stem shall be oversized to accommodate the safety factor of the actuator. Safety factors
of stem design and actuator are not cumulative.
Gear operated and actuated valves shall be fitted with a mounting flange in accordance with ISO 5210.
Gear operated and actuated valves shall be designed to prevent damage to the drive train of the
valve.
Valves containing polymeric or elastomeric materials shall be of a fire-tested design and certified
in accordance with ISO 10497, BS 6755-2, or API 6FA.
If retaining tabs are applied for securing of valve parts, they shall be compatible with the body material.
Bolting and other valve components shall not be galvanized or cadmium plated.
Material of the gearbox housing shall be nodular cast iron, carbon steel or equivalent to the valve
body material.
The Manufacturer shall list the material designation of all valve parts on the valve general arrangement
drawing or bill of materials.
Valves with a gear operator or actuator shall be seat tested after assembly of the operating mechanism.
Body marking shall either be integral or be made by stamping with a low-stress die stamp on a flange
rim (for flanged valves) or on the valve body (for butt-weld or threaded-end valves).
Body marking shall include the heat number of the body, bonnet and cover forgings and castings.
Prior to dispatch/shipment the valve internals shall be thoroughly cleaned and dried and the surfaces
shall be free from test fluids, cleaning agents, loose particles and organic substances. Valves shall be
properly preserved, fitted with end caps or flange protectors, placed on an adequate surface and
packaged to ensure protection against damage, ingress of moisture, rainfall and dirt during outdoor
storage for at least one year. Flange protectors in direct contact with flange faces shall not be of a porous
(e.g., wood) material
 P a g e | 22

The finished valve shall have a certificate in accordance with ISO 10474 type 2.1 or EN 10204 type 2.1,
demonstrating that it complies with all requirements of API 600.
PLUG VALVES (AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO API 599)

Valve shall not be supplied with drain/vent connection.

In case a spiral wound gasket is applied, it shall be fully confined or provided with outer and inner rings.
It shall also have controlled compression in order to prevent crushing.
Stem sections shall be cylindrical, within a tolerance of 0.05 mm (0.002 in). Stem shall be straight, within
a tolerance over the travel of the stem of 1 mm/meter (0.012 in/ft).
The design of the valve stem, plug and operating mechanism shall be such that the plug and operating
mechanism have a unique position after assembly. Any stem extension or actuator shall not influence
this requirement.
The sleeve of sleeve-type plug valves shall be mechanically locked in the valve body.
For gear operated valves, the gearbox shall be mounted directly on the valve. The gearbox input shaft
shall be extended.
Adjustable glands or gland followers shall not be of threaded type. A gland with a joint face parallel to
the stem centerline is not permitted. The gland follower shall protrude into the stuffing box before
compressing the packing rings.
The cover bolt sizing shall also be in accordance with ASME VIII Division 1, Appendix 2.
The operating means shall be free from burrs and sharp edges.
The lever length should not exceed twice the face to face or end to end dimension of the valve.
Hand wheel diameters shall not exceed the face to face or end to end dimension of the valve or 1000mm
whichever is the smaller.
In case the force and dimensional limitations are exceeded, the valve shall be provided with a gearbox.
The gearbox shall of the self-locking gear type, dust-proof and weatherproof. Self-locking,
means that the output shaft cannot drive the input shaft, a feature inherent with worm and
wheel designs, but not with the highly efficient ball screw designs.
The connection between the valve body and the gearbox or stem extension shall be
vented so that any product leakage from the stem cannot penetrate into the gearbox
housing.
The gearbox output torque rating shall be at least 1.5 times the maximum required
operating torque of the valve.
When the number of hand wheel turns exceeds 100 from the fully open to the fully closed
position, the manufacturer shall specify the number of hand wheel turns on the quotation.
If specified by the Principal, the valve shall be fitted with an actuator.
The valve manufacturer shall:
Verify that the actuator manufacturer has reviewed the information supplied by the valve
manufacturer.
Ensure that the valve stem design takes into account a safety factor based on the
maximum output torque or force of the actuator. Unless specified otherwise, this safety
factor shall be 1.5.
The actuator manufacturer shall:
Select an actuator proportional to the valve size.
 P a g e | 23

Gear operated and actuated valves shall be fitted with a mounting flange in accordance with ISO 5211.
Gear operated and actuated valves shall be designed to prevent damage to the drive train of the valve.
If a packing box is provided:
The bottom of the packing box shall be flat.
The surface area of the stuffing box in contact with the packing shall have a surface finish (Ra) of 3.2 m
or smoother.
The packing box wall shall not be penetrated by any drillings or bound by the thread-end of the backseat
bushing.
The stem shall be suitably supported and have clearances designed, such that with all anticipated side
loads it does not make rubbing contact with the adjacent static metallic components (bonnet, gland ring
etc.), which may lead to galling.
Sealant Injection fittings for stem sealing are not allowed.
Material of the gearbox housing shall be nodular cast iron, carbon steel or equivalent to the valve body
material.
The Manufacturer shall list the material designation of all valve parts on the valve general arrangement
drawing or bill of materials.
Valves containing polymeric or elastomeric materials shall be of a fire-tested design and certified in
accordance with ISO 10497, BS 6755-2, API 607 or API 6FA with the exception of through-seat leakage.
Body marking shall either be integral or be made by stamping with a low-stress die stamp on a flange
rim (for flanged valves) or on the valve body (for butt-weld end valves). Body marking shall also include
heat number of the body, bonnet and cover forgings and castings.
Before packaging and shipment, the valve internals shall be thoroughly cleaned and dried and the
surfaces shall be free from test fluids, cleaning agents, loose particles and organic substances.
Valves shall be properly preserved, fitted with end caps or flange protectors, placed on an adequate
surface and packaged to ensure protection against damage, ingress of moisture, rainfall and dirt during
outdoor storage for at least one year. Flange protectors in direct contact with flange faces shall not be of
a porous (e.g., wood) material. The cover/end caps shall be designed so that that the valve cannot be
installed without complete removal of the cover.

.
 P a g e | 24

APPENDIX

MESC SPE 77-312 MESC SPE 77-300A MESC SPE 77-300

February 2016.pdf October 2013.pdf February 2016.pdf