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Chapter 14 Cable Support Systems PDF
Chapter 14 Cable Support Systems PDF
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IEC World
IECWorld
AnewIECStandard,IEC615372001hasbeendeveloped
Iffulldetailsofthecablinglayoutareavailablethenthelikelycableloadcanbecalculatedusingeither
If full details of the cabling layout are available then the likely cable load can be calculated using either
manufacturer'spublishedinformationorthetablesofCableWeightsandDiameterswhicharegivenbelow.
Howeveritisoftennecessarytoselectatrayorladderdesignintheabsenceofaccurateinformationonthe
likelycableload.Toassistthisselectionprocessausefulapproachcanbetochoosealikelysizeoftrayor
ladderandthentoestimatethemaximumcableweight
whichiscapableofbeingcontainedwithinit.Thisestimatemaybearrivedatusingthefollowingguide:
Max.cablingcapacity(kg/m)=Cablelayingarea(m2)x2800
TypicalIECWiringSpecification
Multicorecablesonracksortraysmaybebunchedinamaximumoftwolayers.
HVandLVsinglecorecablesshallbelaidintrefoilgroupswith150mmclearspacing
betweentrefoils.
OntraysorracksHVcablesshallbesegregatedfromtheLVcables.
Individualcablesemergingfromfloorsorsoilshallbeprotectedagainstmechanicaldamagebymeansofgalvanized
steelpipesorrigidPVCpipes.SinglecorecablesemergingfromfloorsorsoilshallbeprotectedbyrigidPVCpipes.
Thesepipesshallextendatleast100mmabovegroundorfloorlevel.
Groupedcablesemergingfromfloorsorsoilshallbeprotectedcollectivelybyaproperlydesignedmetalshieldor
ductinsuchawaythatheatdissipationofthesustainedloadcarryingcablesisnothampered.Thepropagationof
firefromonespacetotheothershallbepreventedbypropersealingofopeningsaroundcables.
Cablesorcablesupportsshallnotbefixeddirectlyorindirectlytoplant,equipmentorprocesspipingwhichmay
requireremovalorreplacement.Cablesshallbelaidonracksortraysstrictlyinaccordancewiththelayingpatterns
statedonthelayoutdrawings.Metalpartsofthecableracksandtraysshallbebondedandconnectedtothe
commonearthinggrid.
Allcablingsupportmaterials,i.e.ladders,traysandrelevantfixingmaterials,usedthroughouttheplantshallbe
hotdipgalvanizedunlesstheenvironmentisconsideredtobeparticularlysaliferousorsulphurous,suchasto
justifytheuseofmaterialsofferingahigherdegreeofcorrosionresistance.Inthelattercasespecificplantsorareas
shallutilizestainlesssteel(grade304).Stainlesssteel(grade316)shallbeusedoffshore.
TypicalIECWiringSpecification
Bendsandcornersinthecableracks,traysorladdersshalltakeaccountoftheminimumcable
Bends and corners in the cable racks trays or ladders shall take account of the minimum cable
bendingradii.Cableracksandtraysshallbeclosedbyremovabletopcovers,allowingadequate
ventilation,insituationswhere:
mechanicaldamageofthecablesislikelytooccurduringplantmaintenanceactivities,
oilorchemicalspillagesonthetrayscanbeexpected,
sunshieldingisrequiredagainstdirectsolarradiation.
Verticalcablerackrisersshallnotbeinstalledinfrontof,orover,piperisers.
Flexible cabling
Flexiblecabling
Theapplicationofflexiblecablesinindustrialplantsandinstallationsshallbelimitedto:
weldingcables;
trailingcables,e.g.formovableequipment,handtools,handlamps;
winches,hoists,sootblowers,andelectricmotors,ifconnectedbymeansofanearbyintermediate
h h bl d l f db f b d
junctionbox.
Anearthcontinuityconductor,equalincrosssectionalareatothelargestphaseconductor,shallbe
provided.Thisrequirementappliesevenwhenthecableisarmored.
Wiresinconduit
Wiresinconduitsystemsshallbeappliedonlyforlighting,communicationandconvenienceoutlets
inclosedbuildingsinnonhazardousareas.ConduitinstallationsshallbemadeusingrigidPVC
conduit and non metallic conduit boxes Conduit box covers shall remain accessible Where local
conduitandnonmetallicconduitboxes.Conduitboxcoversshallremainaccessible.Wherelocal
regulationspermit,unarmoredroundinstallationcablecanbeusedincableducts.Teeorstraight
throughjointsshallbemadeinconnectionboxes.
TypicalIECWiringSpecification
Cablemarking/numbering
Cablenumbersshallbemarkedonthecablesalongtheirroutesandatboth
terminationpoints.Forundergroundcabling,thespacingbetweencablenumbers
alongtherouteshouldnotexceed5m,andforabovegroundcabling,25m.Cables
shallalsobenumberedwheretheybranchofffromamainroute.
Forundergroundcablemarkingpurposesnoncorrodingstripsshallbeused,each
having ample length to be wrapped twice around the cable and in which the cable
havingamplelengthtobewrappedtwicearoundthecableandinwhichthecable
numberhasbeenimprintedbymeansofletter/cipherpunches.Foraboveground
cabling,plasticmarkersresistanttothesiteconditionsshallbestrappedroundthe
cables.
Forundergroundcabling,abovegroundroutemarkersshallalsobeprovidedatevery
changeofdirectionintheroutingandatbothsidesofroadorpipelinecrossings,
exceptwhencableroutingisalreadyindicatedbycoloredconcretepavement.
CableTrayWiring
MoreuseofprotectionbylocationthanistypicalinUSinstallations.Theuseofbasket
trayistypicalforlightweightlastmetercablerunsinonshoreapplications.Theuseof
ventilatedcabletrayiscommonforheavierweightcablesandoffersmoreprotectionin
offshoreapplications.
Cableladderistypicallyusedinfeederapplicationsforlongerrunsofmultiplecablesorof
higherampacityandweight.
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld
TypicalCableWeightInformation
PVCUnarmoredStranded
CopperPowerCablestoBS6346
Itisnotuncommontouseeitherthecable
tray or ladder to be used as a means to
trayorladdertobeusedasameansto
directlymountlightingfixturestothe
supportstructure.Specialbracketryis
designedforvariousbrandsofproductsto
besupportedinthisfashion.Examplesof
th
thesetypesofinstallationsareshown
t f i t ll ti h
here.
Stretchpreventorsaretypicallyusedto
relievestrainonthecableastheenterlight
g
fittings.
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
CableSupportSystemsinthe
IECWorld Typical
SupportSystemsInstallation
Examples
p
SupportSystemsInstallation
Examples
p
SupportSystemsInstallation
Examples
SupportSystemsInstallation
Examples
CableCleatsTrefoilsforSingle
CoreCables
Powercablesundershortcircuitconditions(especiallythree
phase,singleconductorcablearrangements)aresubjectto
significantforcesasaresultofinducedmagneticfields.For
threephase,singleconductorcables,theseforcescauseviolent
h h l d bl h f l
thrashingoftheindividualconductors,frequentlyresultingin
inadequatelysupportedcablesjumpingoutoftheircabletray
orracewaysystems.Suchunrestrainedcablemovementcan
causecabledamage,damagetosurroundingequipmentand
g , g g q p
possibleinjury.
AEuropeanStandardnowexists EN50368:2003,Cable
CleatsforElectricalInstallations.ThisStandardwas
approvedbyCENELEC(theEuropeanCommitteefor
El t t h i l St d di ti ) i S t b 2003 d
ElectrotechnicalStandardization)inSeptember2003and
publishedinOctober2003.EN50368:2003hasthestatus
ofanapprovedBritishStandard.
CableCleatsTrefoilsforSingle
CoreCables
Goodengineeringpracticefortheuseofsinglecorecableswithouttheuseof
conduitsystemsistousecablecleatstominimizedowntimeandpotential
dramaticdestructionofthecablesystemsandsurroundingenvironment
TypicalInstallationofsinglecorecable