Jet pack

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A jet pack, rocket belt or rocket pack is a device, usually

worn on the back, which uses jets of gas (or in some cases
liquid) to propel the wearer through the air.

The concept emerged from science fiction in the 1960s and

became popular as the technology became a reality. The most
common use of the jet pack has been in extra-vehicular
activities for astronauts. Despite decades of advancement in
the technology, many obstacles remain in the way of use of
the jetpack in the military or as a means of personal
transport, including the challenges of Earth's atmosphere,
Earth's gravity, low energy density of available fuels, and the Rocketbelt pilot Dan Schlund at the 2005
human body not being naturally adapted to fly. To Melbourne Show
compensate for the limitations of the human body, the jet
pack must accommodate for all factors of flight such as lift
and stabilization.

Contents
1 Liquid-fuelled rocket pack
1.1 Andreyev: oxygen-and-methane, with wings
2 Hydrogen peroxide-powered rocket packs
2.1 Justin Capr's flying backpack
2.2 Jump Belt
2.3 Aeropack
2.4 U.S. Army interest
2.5 Bell Textron Rocket Belt
2.6 RB-2000 Rocket Belt
2.7 Bell Pogo
2.8 Powerhouse Productions Rocketbelt
2.9 Tecnologia Aeroespacial Mexicana
2.9.1 Christian Stadler, 2007, with a wingsuit
2.10 Jetpack International
2.11 Current technology
3 Turbojet packs
3.1 Bell Jet Flying Belt: wingless
3.2 Jetpack International T-73: wingless
3.3 Visa Parviainen's jet-assisted wingsuit
3.4 Yves Rossy's jet wingpack
3.5 Troy Hartman: jetpack and parafoil
3.6 Fritz Unger: jetpack with rigid wings
3.7 JetPack Aviation: wingless jetpack
3.8 Flyboard Air
3.9 Daedalus Flight Pack
4 In space
5 Hydrojet packs
5.1 Flyboard
6 Home-made versions
7 References in popular culture
8 See also
9 References
 10 External links

Liquid-fuelled rocket pack

Andreyev: oxygen-and-methane , with wings

The first jet pack was developed in 1919 by the Russian inventor Aleksandr Fyodorovich Andreyev. The
project was well regarded by Nikolai Rynin and technology historians Yu. V. Biryukov and S. V. Golotyuk.
Later it was issued a patent but apparently was not built or tested. It was oxygen-and-methane-powered
(likeliest a rocket) with wings each roughly 1 m (3 feet) long.[1]

Hydrogen peroxide-powered rocket packs

A hydrogen peroxide-powered engine is based on the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide. Nearly
pure (90% in the Bell Rocket Belt) hydrogen peroxide is used. Pure hydrogen peroxide is relatively stable, but
in contact with a catalyst (for example, silver) it decomposes into a mixture of superheated steam and oxygen in
less than 1/10 millisecond, increasing in volume 5,000 times: 2 H2O2 2 H2O + O2. The reaction is
exothermic, i.e., accompanied by the liberation of much heat (about 2,500 kJ/kg [5,800 BTU/lb]), forming in
this case a steam-gas mixture at 740 C [1,360 F]. This hot gas is used exclusively as the reaction mass and is
fed directly to one or more jet nozzles.

The great disadvantage is the limited operating time. The jet of steam and oxygen can provide significant thrust
from fairly lightweight rockets, but the jet has a relatively low exhaust velocity and hence a poor specific
impulse. Currently, such rocket belts can only fly for about 30 seconds (because of the limited amount of fuel
the user can carry unassisted).

A more conventional bipropellant could more than double the specific impulse. However, although the exhaust
gases from the peroxide-based engine are very hot, they are still significantly cooler than those generated by
alternative propellants. Using a peroxide-based propellant greatly reduces the risk of a fire/explosion which
would cause severe injury to the operator.

In contrast to, for example, turbojet engines which mainly expel atmospheric air to produce thrust, rocket packs
are far simpler to build than devices using turbojets. The classical rocket pack construction of Wendell Moore
can be made under workshop conditions, given good engineering training and a high level of tool-making
craftsmanship.

The main disadvantages of this type of rocket pack are:

Short duration of flight (a maximum of around 30 seconds).

The high expense of the peroxide propellant.
The inherent dangers of flying below minimum parachute altitude, and hence without any safety
equipment to protect the operator if there is an accident or malfunction.
Safely learning how to fly it, given that there are no dual-control training versions.
The sheer difficulty of manually flying such a device.

These circumstances limit the sphere of the application of rocket packs to very spectacular public
demonstration flights, i.e., stunts; for example, a flight was arranged in the course of the opening ceremony of
the 1984 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles, USA.

Justin Capr's flying backpack

Justin Capr claimed that he invented a "flying rucksack" (Romanian: rucsac zburator) in 1956[2] in Romania,
Justin Capr claimed that he invented a "flying rucksack" (Romanian: rucsac zburator) in 1956[2] in Romania,
and (to the displeasure of Romania's Communist authorities) informed the American Embassy of his idea. A
device he designed in the mid-1960s, is similar to earlier models created at Bell Laboratories. The 1956 model
is at a museum in Ploieti.

Jump Belt

In 1958, Garry Burdett and Alexander Bohr, Thiokol Corporation engineers, created a Jump Belt which they
named Project Grasshopper. Thrust was created by high-pressure compressed nitrogen. Two small nozzles were
affixed to the belt and directed vertically downward. The wearer of the belt could open a valve, letting out
nitrogen from the gas cylinder through the nozzles, which tossed him upward to a height of 7 m (23 ft). After
leaning forward, it was possible with the aid of the jump belt's thrust to run at 45 to 50 km/h (28 to 31 mph).
Later, Burdett and Bohr tested a hydrogen peroxide-powered version. The jump belt was demonstrated by a
serviceman in action, but as no financing was forthcoming, there was no further testing.

Aeropack

In 1959 Aerojet General Corporation won a U.S. Army contract to devise a jet pack or rocket pack. At the start
of 1960 Richard Peoples made his first tethered flight with his Aeropack.

U.S. Army interest

The U.S. military did not lose interest in this type of flight vehicle. Transport studies of the U.S. Army
Transportation Research Command (TRECOM) determined that personal jet devices could have diverse uses:
for reconnaissance, crossing rivers, amphibious landing, accessing steep mountain slopes, overcoming
minefields, tactical maneuvering, etc. The concept was named "Small Rocket Lift Device", SRLD.

Within the framework of this concept the administration concluded a big contract with the Aerojet General
company in 1959 to research the possibility of designing an SRLD suitable for army purposes. Aerojet came to
the conclusion that the version with the engine running on hydrogen peroxide was most suitable. However, it
soon became known to the military that engineer Wendell Moore of the Bell Aerosystems company had for
several years been carrying out experiments to make a personal jet device. After becoming acquainted with his
work, servicemen during August 1960 decided to commission Bell Aerosystems with developing an SRLD.
Wendell Moore was appointed chief project engineer.

Bell Textron Rocket Belt

In 1960, the Bell Rocketbelt was presented to the public. The jet of gas was provided by a hydrogen peroxide-
powered rocket, but the jet could also be provided by a turbojet engine, a ducted fan, or other kinds of rockets
powered by solid fuel, liquid fuel or compressed gas (usually nitrogen).

This is the oldest known type of jet pack or rocket pack. One Bell Rocket Belt is on display at the Smithsonian
Institution's National Air and Space Museum annex, the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, located near Dulles
Airport.

RB-2000 Rocket Belt

This was a successor to the Bell Rocket Belt.[3] See Bell Rocket Belt#RB2000 Rocket Belt.

Bell Pogo

The Bell Pogo was a small rocket-powered platform that two people could ride on. Its design used features
from the Bell Rocket Belt.
Powerhouse Productions Rocke tbelt

More commonly known as "The Rocketman", Powerhouse Productions, owned

and operated by Kinnie Gibson, manufactures the 30 second flying Rocketbelt
(June 1994) and organizes Rocketbelt performances. Since 1983 Powerhouse
Productions has performed show flights in over 40 countries such as the
Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Super Bowls, the Rose Parade, Daytona 500, and the
Michael Jackson Dangerous World Tour, as well as many television shows
including Walker Texas Ranger, The Fall Guy and NCIS. Powerhouse
Rocketbelt pilots include stuntman Kinnie Gibson and Dan Schlund.[4]

Tecnologia Aeroespacial Mexicana

The Tecaeromex Rocket Belt is made by Tecnologia Aeroespacial Mexicana.[5]

This is said to be the only company in the world offering a flying and tested Astrogeologist Gene
rocket belt package. It was featured in the March 2006 issue of Popular Science Shoemaker wearing a Bell
magazine and many TV programs around the world like the Discovery Channel, Rocket Belt while training
the BBC, ProSieben, TV Azteca, The Science Channel, and The History astronauts
Channel. Its maker claims that four of his rocketpacks are flying now; his first
tethered flights were on 22 September 2005.

On August 11, 2006, the inventor's daughter, Isabel Lozano, was the first
woman in the world to fly tethered in a rocket belt in front of millions of TV
spectators; she flew with a special rocket belt built by Tecnologia Aeroespacial
Mexicana (TAM).[6][7] It runs on hydrogen peroxide and sells for USA
$125,000 including a training course.

TAM has also developed a concept for a backpack helicopter called Libellula,
with a two-bladed rotor driven by a small rocket engine at the end of each rotor
blade.[8]

They use hydrojet packs when training pilots to use their jetpacks.

This jetpack manufacturer is still active as at December 2014.

Rocketbelt pilot Dan
Christian Stadler, 2007, with a wingsuit Schlund at the 2007 Rose
Parade
Christian Stadler from Germany organized the first international wingsuit
competition to feature a monetary prize, in 2005, called "SkyJester's Wings
Over Marl". His "VegaV3 wingsuit system" uses an electronically adjustable hydrogen peroxide rocket made
by Tecnologia Aeroespacial Mexicana (TAM).[9] The rocket provides 1,000 newtons (100 kgf) of thrust, and
produces no flames or poisonous fumes. His first successful powered wingsuit jump was in 2007, when he
reached horizontal speeds of over 255 km/h (158 mph).[10]

Jetpack International

Jetpack International[11] made three types of wingless jet packs:

 Max Max
Max Max Engine
Name flight Max speed pilot Fuel Fuel capacity Price
distance height type
time weight
22 l
Jet pack 23 152 m 112 km/h 37 m 81 kg hydrogen Not for
rocket (4.8 imp gal;
H202 seconds (499 ft) (70 mph) (121 ft) (179 lb) peroxide sale
5.8 US gal)
30 l
Jet pack 33 457 m 124 km/h 76 m 81 kg hydrogen Not for
rocket (6.6 imp gal;
H202-Z seconds (1,499 ft) (77 mph) (249 ft) (179 lb) peroxide sale
7.9 US gal)
19 l
Jet pack ~9 c. 18 km ~134 km/h ~76 m 81 kg T-73 jet
Jet-A fuel (4.2 imp gal; $200,000
T-73 minutes (11 mi) (83 mph) (249 ft) (179 lb) engine
5.0 US gal)

A Jet Pack H202 was flown for 34 seconds in Central Park on the 9 April 2007 episode of the Today Show and
sold for $150,000. As of January 2009 their H202 jet packs are for demonstration only, not for sale.[12] Details
of the likely consumer model "Falcon" were scheduled for an official announcement on May 1, 2012, but the
company is currently behind schedule.[13]

Current technology

At the TechCrunch Disrupt conference in 2014, Astro Teller, head of Google X (Google's research laboratory),
said they investigated jetpacks but found them too inefficient to be practical, with fuel consumption as high as
940 L/100 km (14 mpgUS), and were as loud as a motorcycle, so they decided not to pursue developing
them.[14][15]

In recent years, the rocket pack has become popular among enthusiasts, and some have built them for
themselves. The pack's basic construction is rather simple, but its flying capability depends on two key parts:
the gas generator, and the thrust control valve. The rocket packs being built today are largely based on the
research and inventions of Wendell Moore at Bell Helicopter.

One of the largest stumbling blocks that would-be rocket pack builders have faced is the difficulty of obtaining
concentrated hydrogen peroxide, which is no longer produced by many chemical companies. The few
companies that produce high-concentration hydrogen peroxide only sell to large corporations or governments,
forcing some amateurs and professionals to set up their own hydrogen peroxide distillation installations. High-
concentration hydrogen peroxide for rocket belts was produced by Peroxide Propulsion (Gothenburg, Sweden)
from 2004 to 2010,[16] but after a serious accident Peroxide Propulsion stopped making it.[14]

Turbojet packs
Packs with a turbojet engine are fueled with traditional kerosene-based jet fuel. They have higher efficiency,
greater height and a duration of flight of many minutes, but they are complex in construction and very
expensive. Only one working model of this pack was made; it underwent flight tests in the 1960s and at present
it no longer flies. Jet packs and rocket packs have much better flight time on a tankful of fuel if they have wings
like an aeroplane's.

Bell Jet Flying Belt: wingless

In 1965 Bell Aerosystems concluded a new contract with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) to develop a jet pack with a turbojet engine. This project was called the "Jet Flying Belt", or simply
the "Jet Belt". Wendell Moore and John K. Hulbert, a specialist in gas turbines, worked to design a new turbojet
pack. Williams Research Corporation (now Williams International) in Walled Lake, Michigan, designed and
built a new turbojet engine to Bell's specifications in 1969. It was called the WR19, had a rated thrust of 1,900
newtons (430 lbf) of thrust and weighed 31 kg (68 lb). The Jet Belt first flew free on 7 April 1969 at the
Niagara Falls Municipal Airport. Pilot Robert Courter flew about 100 m
(330 ft) in a circle at an altitude of 7 m (23 ft), reaching a speed of
45 km/h (28 mph). The following flights were longer, up to 5 minutes.
Theoretically, this new pack could fly for 25 minutes at velocities up to
135 km/h (84 mph).

In spite of successful tests, the U.S. Army lost interest. The pack was
complex to maintain and too heavy. Landing with its weight on their
back was hazardous to the pilot, and catastrophic loss of a turbine blade
could have been lethal.

Thus, the Bell Jet Flying Belt remained an experimental model. On 29

May 1969, Wendell Moore died of complications from a heart attack he
had suffered six months earlier, and work on the turbojet pack was Depiction of a jetpack with folding
ended. Bell sold the sole version of the "Bell pack", together with the wings
patents and technical documentation, to Williams Research Corporation.
This pack is now in the Williams International company museum.

The "Jet Belt" used a small turbofan engine which was mounted vertically, with its air intake downward. Intake
air was divided into two flows. One flow went into the combustion chamber, the other flow bypassed the
engine, then mixed with the hot turbine gases, cooling them and protecting the pilot from the high temperatures
generated. In the upper part of the engine the exhaust was divided and entered two pipes which led to jet
nozzles. The construction of the nozzles made it possible to move the jet to any side. Kerosene fuel was stored
in tanks beside the engine. Control of the turbojet pack was similar to the rocket pack, but the pilot could not
tilt the entire engine. Maneuvering was by deflecting the nozzles. By inclining levers, the pilot could move the
jets of both nozzles forward, back, or sideways. The pilot rotated left/right by turning the left handle. The right
handle governed the engine thrust. The jet engine was started with the aid of a powder cartridge. While testing
this starter, a mobile starter on a special cart was used. There were instruments to control the power of the
engine, and a portable radio to connect and transmit telemetry data to ground-based engineers. On top of the
pack was a standard auxiliary landing parachute; it was effective only when opened at altitudes above 20 m
(66 ft). This engine was later the basis for the propulsion units of Tomahawk and other cruise missiles.

Jetpack International T-73: wingless

Jetpack International makes or made a wingless turbojet pack: see #Jetpack International above.

Visa Parviainen's jet-assisted wi ngsuit

On 25 October 2005 in Lahti in Finland, Visa Parviainen jumped from a hot air balloon in a wingsuit with two
small turbojet jet engines attached to his feet. Each turbojet provided approximately 160 N (16 kgf) of thrust
and ran on kerosene (Jet A-1) fuel. Parviainen apparently achieved approximately 30 seconds of horizontal
flight with no noticeable loss of altitude.[17][18]

Yves Rossy's jet wingpack

Swiss ex-military and commercial pilot Yves Rossy developed and built a winged pack with rigid aeroplane-
type carbon-fiber wings spanning about 2.4 m (8 ft) and four small kerosene-burning Jetcat P400 jet engines
underneath; these engines are large versions of a type designed for model aeroplanes.[19] He wears a heat-
resistant suit similar to that of a firefighter or racing driver to protect him from the hot jet exhaust.[20][21]
Similarly, to further protect the wearer, the engines are modified by adding a carbon fibre heat shield extending
the jet nozzle around the exhaust tail.

Rossy claims to be "the first person to gain altitude and maintain a stable horizontal flight thanks to
aerodynamic carbon foldable wings", which are folded by hinges at their midpoint. After being lifted to altitude
by a plane, he ignites the engines just before he exits the plane with the wings folded. The wings unfold while
in free-fall, and he then can fly horizontally for several minutes, landing
with the help of a parachute.[22] He achieves true controlled flight using
his body and a hand throttle to maneuver.

The system is said by Rossy to be highly responsive and reactive in

flight, to the point where he needs to closely control his head, arm and
leg movements to avoid an uncontrolled spin. The engines on the wing
must be aligned precisely during set-up, also to prevent instability. An
electronic starter system ensures that all four engines ignite
simultaneously. In the event of a spin, the wing unit can be detached Rossy's wing showing the four purple
from the pilot, and pilot and wing unit descend to Earth separately, each and silver jet-engines mounted close
with a parachute. to the centre

Since 2007, Rossy has conducted some of his flight tests from a private airfield, Skydive Empuriabrava, in
Empuriabrava (Girona, Costa Brava), Spain.[23][24] Rossy's jet pack was exhibited on 18 April 2008 on the
opening day of the 35th Exhibition of Inventions at Geneva.[25] Rossy and his sponsors spent over $190,000 to
build the device.[26] His first successful trial flight was on 24 June 2004 near Geneva, Switzerland. Rossy has
made more than 30 powered flights since. In November 2006 he flew with a later version of his jet pack. On 14
May 2008 he made a successful 6-minute flight from the town of Bex near Lake Geneva. He exited a Pilatus
Porter at 2,300 m (7,500 ft) with his jet pack. It was the first public demonstration before the world's press. He
made effortless loops from one side of the Rhone valley to the other and rose 790 m (2,600 ft).

It has been claimed that the military was impressed and asked for prototypes for the powered wings, but that
Rossy kindly refused the request stating that the device was only intended for aviation enthusiasts.[27][28][29]

On 26 September 2008, Yves successfully flew across the English Channel from Calais, France to Dover,
England in 9 minutes, 7 seconds.[30][31] His speed reached 300 km/h (190 mph) during the crossing,[32] and
was 200 km/h (120 mph) when he deployed the parachute.[33] Since then he hasin several flightsmanaged
to fly in a formation with three military jets and cross the Grand Canyon, but he failed to fly across the Strait of
Gibraltarhe made an emergency landing in the water.

On 13 October 2015 a show flight was performed in Dubai. Two jet wingpacks managed by pilots Yves Rossy
and Vince Reffet flew in formation with an Airbus A380 jetliner.[34]

Troy Hartman: jetpack and parafoil

In 2008 Troy Hartman started designing a wingless jetpack with two turbojet motors strapped to his back;[35]
later he added a parafoil as a wing.

Fritz Unger: jetpack with rigid wings

As at 2013 Fritz Unger in Germany is developing a jetpack called Skyflash with rigid wings about 3.4 m (11 ft)
wingspan and two turbojets designed to run on diesel fuel.[36][37] It is designed for takeoff from the ground
using four undercarriage wheels on the front of his chest and abdomen.

JetPack Aviation: wingless jetpa ck

On 3 November 2015, Jetpack Aviation[38] demonstrated the JB-9[39] in Upper New York Bay in front of the
Statue of Liberty. The JB-9 carries 4.5 kilograms (10 lb) of kerosene fuel that burns through two vectored
thrust AMT Nike jet engines[40][41] at a rate of 3.8 litres (1 US gallon) per minute for up to ten minutes of
flying time, depending on pilot weight. Weight of fuel is a consideration, but it is reported to start with 150 m
(500 ft) per minute climb rate that doubles as the fuel burns off. While this model has been limited to 102 km/h
(55 knots), the prototype of the JB-10 is reported to fly at over 200 km/h (110 kn).
This is a true jetpack: a backpack that provides jet-powered flight. Most of the volume is the fuel tank, with
twin turbine jet engines gimbal-mounted on each side. The control system is identical to the Bell Rocket Belt:
tilting the handgrips vectors the thrust left-right & forward-back by moving the engines; twisting left hand
moves two nozzle skirts for yaw; twisting the right hand counterclockwise increases throttle. Jetpack Aviation
was started by Australian businessman David Mayman with the technical knowhow coming from Nelson
Tyler,[42] prolific inventor of helicopter-mounted camera stabilizers and one of the engineers that worked on the
Bell Rocketbelt that was used in the 1984 Olympics.[43]

Flyboard Air

Flyboard Air, invented by Franky Zapata, allows flight up to 3,000 metres (10,000 ft) and has a top speed of
150 km/h (93 mph). It also has 10 minutes autonomy.[44]

Daedalus Flight Pack

See full article Daedalus Flight Pack

This particular innovation saw two jets attached to the back of an exoskeleton, worn by the operator. At the
same time, two additional jets were added to the arms, and could be moved with the arms to control movement.
It was devised by Richard Browning of Gravity Industries. [45]

In space
Rocket packs can be useful for spacewalks. While near Earth a jet pack
has to produce a g-force of at least 1 g (a smaller g-force, providing
only some deviation from free fall is of little use here), for excursions
outside a free falling spaceship, a small g-force providing a small
deviation from free fall is quite useful. Hence much less delta-v is
consumed per unit time, and not during the whole EVA. With only small
amounts of thrust needed, safety and temperature are much more
manageable than in the atmosphere in Earth's gravity field.

Nevertheless, it is currently worn to be used only in case of emergency:

the Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue (SAFER).

Hydrojet packs Bruce McCandless II operating the

Manned Maneuvering Unit
The 21st century has seen a new approach to jet packs where water is
used as a high-density propulsion fluid. This requires a very large mass
of fluid that makes a self-contained jetpack infeasible. Instead, this
approach separates the engine, fuel and fluid supply from the pilot's
flying apparatus, using a long flexible hose to feed the water to the jet
nozzle pack attached to the pilot's body. These inventions are known as
"hydro jet packs", and successful designs have used jetski technology as
the powerplant operating in a body of water (an ocean, lake, or pool) to
provide the needed propulsion. Several hydro jet pack approaches have
been successfully tested and put into production. Flow rate can be Jetlev water powered Jetpack
controlled by a throttle operator on the jetski, or by the pilot using a
remote actuator.

Another significant difference with hydro jet packs is that they can be operated below the surface as well as
above it. As of 2013, many hydro jet pack rental businesses are operating in various locations around the world.

Flyboard
A Flyboard has water jets under each of the pilot's feet. An optional feature is a
lower-thrust water jet for each arm for greater control. The powerplant is a
regular jetski. Development for this approach was started in the spring of
2011.[46]

Home-made versions
Episode 32 of MythBusters investigates the urban legend of an affordable jet
pack or rocket pack that can be built from plans purchased on the Internet.
Extensive modifications were made by the MythBusters team due to vagueness
in the plans and because of the infeasibility of the specified engine mounting
system. The jet pack produced by the MythBusters had two ducted fans
powered by ultralight-type piston engines. (Fans complained that the use of A Flyboard with its
piston engines destroyed the whole idea of the pack's being truly based on jets, distinctive configuration of
by which, presumably, they meant self-contained gas turbines.) They found it having the nozzles located
was not powerful enough to lift a person off the ground, and was expensive to below the pilot's feet
build. The plans specified a Rotax 503 ultralight engine, but they intended to
use the more powerful and lighter Rotax 583 engine before a similar lighter
unnamed engine was substituted.[47]

References in popular culture

The concept of jet packs appeared in popular culture, particularly science fiction
long before the technology became practical. Perhaps the first appearance was
in pulp magazines. The 1928 cover of Amazing Stories featured a man flying
with a jet pack.

When Republic Pictures planned to produce a superhero serial using its

renowned "flying man" scenes as used in The Adventures of Captain Marvel,
the character of Captain Marvel was tied up in litigation with the owners of the
character of Superman. For its postwar superhero serial, Republic used a jet
pack in King of the Rocket Men. The same stock special effects were used in
other serials.

While several science fiction novels from the 1950s featured jetpacks, it was
not until the "Bell Rocket Belt" in the 1960s that the jet pack caught the A jet pack wearing hero on
imagination of the mainstream. Bell's demonstration flights in the U.S. and the cover of Amazing Stories,
other countries created significant public enthusiasm. August 1928. The cover
illustrates The Skylark of
Jetpacks were featured in two episodes ("Turu the Terrible" and "The Invisible
Space.
Monster"), of the original Jonny Quest (1964-1965) animated television series,
and are seen at the end of the closing credits.[48]

In 1965 a jetpack appeared in the James Bond movie Thunderball when James Bond played by Sean Connery
used a jet pack in the pre-title sequence to escape the bad guys and rendezvous with his French contact. The
pack was piloted by Gordon Yaeger and Bill Suitor.

In the Irwin Allen television series Lost in Space (1965-1968), a jetpack was used by members of the Jupiter II
expedition on several occasions.

In 1966 the plot of the 21st book in the Rick Brant series titled Rocket Jumper was based on a hydrogen
peroxide fueled jet pack, The book included a relatively detailed description of the design including use of a
platinum-metal screen catalyst.
In the 1997 video game Crash Bandicoot 2: Cortex Strikes Back, the titular character Crash, operates a jetpack
in two main levels, "Rock It" and "Pack Attack". He also uses the jetpack in the final boss fight againts Dr. Neo
Cortex.

The 1976 television series Ark II featured a jetpack called the Jet Jumper.

In the Star Wars original trilogy, the bounty hunter Boba Fett used a jet pack. In the prequel trilogy, Jango Fett
also used a jet pack.

A rocket pack flight famously occurred on the opening of the summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles in 1984,
piloted by Bill Suitor, who landed opposite the presidential platform, where Ronald Reagan sat.

In the 1982-1995 comics book series, The Rocketeer, the protagonist, Cliff Secord, acquires a stolen military jet
pack and uses it to become the eponymous superhero. It was later adapted into a motion picture in 1991.

The 95 mm (3.75-inch) G.I. Joe action figure launch in 1982 included the JUMP (Jet Mobile Propulsion Unit)
jet pack as an accessory.[49] It was also featured prominently in the related G.I. Joe comic book series and
cartoon.

Jetpacks have been used by the title characters in several episodes of SWAT Kats cartoon series (199394).[50]

Jetpacks appear in the popular video game Halo: Reach. On September 13, 2010, during a Halo: Reach launch
party at London, England's Trafalgar Square, stuntman Dan Schlund of Powerhouse Productions Inc
"Rocketman" firm (which provides jet packs for use by marketing and sporting companies) donned a Halo-
esque "Spartan armor" suit and a jet pack and maintained flight for 30 seconds before landing safely.[51] The
jet-pack also appears in the 2012 video game Halo 4, developed by 343 Industries.

Jetpacks also appeared in other video games, including BloodRayne (worn by Nazi troopers), Tribes, Giants:
Citizen Kabuto, Armed and Dangerous, and the Pilotwings series, in which it is referred to as a "Rocket Belt".
It is also accessible in the video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Fallout 4 also has a jetpack power
armor feature.

A rocket pack was used to deliver the game ball at the 2011 University of Michigan vs. Purdue University
football game in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The pack was piloted by Eric Scott and powered by hydrogen
peroxide.[52]

In 2015 in the United Arab Emirates, a stunt team in jetpacks flew alongside an Airbus A380 and around
various Dubai landmarks.[53]

Many science fiction movies have included jet packs, most notably Minority Report, Sky Captain and the World
of Tomorrow, and Tomorrowland.

See also
Backpack helicopter
History of the jet engine
Martin Jetpack, despite its name, is a backpack helicopter.
Space Ranger (device) advertised in Popular Science 1970s
Wingsuit flying

References
1. Montandon, Mac. Jetpack Dreams: One Man's Up and Down (but Mostly Down) Search for the Greatest
Invention That Never Was (https://books.google.com/books?id=-vz4goZYoCkC&pg=PT16). Da Capo
Press. ISBN 9780786726745. "Around this time, a Russian fellow identifying himself as A. Andreev
filed a patent for an oxygen- and methane-fueled flying device that could be worn on the back, with
 roughly three-foot wings extending to either side of the hopeful pilot... "This is the first device of its kind
that had any engineering detail at all,"..."
2. "Romanian who claimed to invent world's first jetpack dies" (http://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/romanian-
who-claimed-to-invent-world-s-first-jetpack-dies-1.2197150). CTV News. 20 January 2015. Retrieved
20 January 2015.
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External links
Popular Mechanics comparison of the TAM Rocket Belt and Jetpack International's Jet Pack H202
Jetpack Aviation (JB-9 jetpack)
YouTube video

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jet_pack&oldid=792418796"

Categories: Russian inventions Science fiction themes Aircraft configurations Ultralight aircraft
Emerging technologies Jet pack

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