Modelling And Simulation Of Hybrid Wind-Solar

Energy System Using MPPT

Barse G R, Kashide D S, Gadave G C, Hanumante A B

Abstract- The main objective of this paper is to enhance the
power transfer capability of grid interfaced hybrid generation
system. Generally, this hybrid system is a combination of solar
and wind energy systems. In order to get maximum and
constant output power from these renewable energy systems at
any instant of time, this paper proposes the concept of
maximum power tracking techniques. The main concept of this
maximum power point tracking controller is used for
controlling the Direct Current (DC) to DC boost converter.
Finally, the performance of this Maximum Power Point
Tracking (MPPT) based Hybrid system is observed by
simulating using Matlab/Simulink.
Keywords MPPT Technique, Wind Turbine System,
Solar Energy System
I. INTRODUCTION
Day by day, the demand for electricity is rapidly
increasing. But the avalible non-renewable energy systems
are not able to supply electricity as per demand. So
renewable energy systems can be used to bridge the gap
between supply and demand during peak loads.
In the present scenario, renewable energy sources and
energy- storage systems has been one of the new trends in
power-electronic technology. The increasing number of
renewable energy sources and distributed generators
requires new strategies for their operations in order to
maintain or improve the power supply stability and quality.
The common disadvantages of both wind and solar power
plants are as these generate unreliable power. In order to
overcome this problem a new technique is implemented i.e.
maximum power point tracking algorithm which is
applicable to both wind and solar plants.
Dynamic performance of wind and solar system is
analyzed. There are some previous on hybrid system
comprising of wind energy, photovoltaic and fuel cell have
been discussed. All energy sources are modeled using
MATLAB software tool to analyze their behaviour. In this
paper, a wind solar hybrid power generation system is
model is studied and simulated. A simple control method
tracks the maximum power from the wind/solar energy
source to achive much higher generating capacity factors.
The simulation results prove the feasibility and reliabilty of
this proposed system.
II. HYBRID SYSTEM
A) Solar Model
A solar cell is the most fundamental component of
a photovoltaic (PV) system converts the solar energy into
electrolyte and two cathode and anode located on either side
of the electrolytic layer. The wind and photovoltaic system
are controlled to operate at their point of maximum power
under all operational conditions. The fuel is power so as to
maintain a minimum power level.
In generally, a PV module combination of a
number of PV cells connected in either series or parallel the
classical equation of a PV cell describes the relationship
between current and voltage of the cell (neglecting the
current in the shunt resistance of the equivalent circuit of the
cell) as
Where,
I0 denotes the PV array output current,
V is the PV output voltage, is the cell photocurrent that
is proportional to solar irradiation, is the cells reverse
saturation current that mainly depends on the temperature, is
a constant,
ns and np are the numbers of series strings and parallel
strings in the PV array, respectively.
B) Wind Model
III. Maximum Power Point Tracker
A typical solar panel converts only 30 to 40 percent
of the incident solar irradiation into electrical energy.
Maximum power point tracking technique is used to
improve the efficiency of the solar panel. According to
Maximum Power Transfer theorem, the power output of a
circuit is maximum when the Thevenin impedance of the
circuit (source impedance) matches with the load calculation for power and voltage to track MPP. In this
impedance. Hence our problem of tracking the maximum voltage is perturbed in one direction and if power is
power point reduces to an impedance matching problem. In continuous to increase then algorithm keep on perturb in
the source side we are using a buck convertor connected to a same direction. If new power is less than previous power
solar panel in order to enhance the output voltage so that it then perturbed in opposite direction. When module power
can be used for different applications like motor load. By reach at MPP there is oscillation around MPP point. Define
changing the duty cycle of the buck converter appropriately Perturb-and-observe (P&O) method is dominantly used in
we can match the source impedance with that of the load practical PV systems for the MPPT control due to its simple
impedance. implementation, high reliability, and tracking efficiency. fig
3. Shows the flow chart of the P&O method. The present
There are different ways of classifying MPPT power P (k) is calculated with the present values of PV
techniques, some based on the number of variables used to voltage V (k) and current I (k), and is compared with the
track MPP like one variable or two variable methods, and previous power P (k-1). If the power increases, keep the
some based on the type of techniques used to track MPP. next voltage change in the same direction as the previous
The different MPPT control techniques are classified into change.
broadly three groups: Offline (indirect), Online (direct) and
other techniques, mainly on the basis of parameters required
to track MPP. Offline control techniques usually use
technical data of PV panels to estimate the MPP. These data
includes prior information like, IV and PV curves of the
panels for different climatic conditions, different
mathematical models etc. of PV panels. Online (direct)
methods on the other hand use real time, PV voltages and/or
current measurements for tracking MPP. These methods do
not require the measurement of temperature and solar
irradiance and also the PV array model. The offline methods
are cost effective but performance wise less effective than
online and other methods. Other methods include either
modification or combination of these methods or methods
based on indirect calculations.

Many different maximum power points tracking

(MPPT) algorithms like perturb and observe method (P &
O),increment conductance method have been developed and
widely used for such system .the perturbation observation
method is used for this paper for its simplicity and accuracy.

A) P & O Method
Fig. 3. Flowchart of P & O Method
Perturb & Observe (P&O) is the simplest method. In
this we use only one sensor, that is the voltage sensor, to
sense the PV array voltage and so the cost of
implementation is less and hence easy to implement. The
time complexity of this algorithm is very less but on
reaching very close to the MPP it doesnt stop at the MPP
and keeps on perturbing on both the directions. When this
happens the algorithm has reached very close to the MPP
and we can set an appropriate error limit or can use a wait
function which ends up increasing the time complexity of
the algorithm. However the method does not take account of
the rapid change of irradiation level (due to which MPPT
changes) and considers it as a change in MPP due to
perturbation and ends up calculating the wrong MPP.
Perturb and observe (P&O) is one of the famous algorithm
due to its simplicity used for maximum power point
tracking. This algorithm based on voltage and current
sensing based used to track MPP. In this controller require