AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT INTENSITY CONTROL

2.1 WORKING PROCEDURE

230 V AC supply is given to the step down transformer. This step down transformer
steps down the voltage to 12V. This voltage is given to the rectifier. The rectifier used here is
the bridge rectifier this is formed by the 4 1N4007 diodes .This rectifier gives the pulsating
dc as the out put . This consists of ac ripples in order to remove this ac ripples we are
connecting 1000 micro farads capacitor from which ac ripples are grounded
The 12V dc supply coming out from the rectifier divides into 2 ways .from that one is
given to the regulator and other is given to the mosfet driver. Thus this 12V supply which is
given to the regulator this regulator is the 7805 voltage regulator this coverts 12V to 5V since
the microcontroller needs 5V
In this microcontroller we write logic program by using pulse width modulation logic
& by taking LDR as a base.LDR is nothing but Light Dependent Resistor this is constructed
by using cadmium material, It is operated when solar light is increasing along with it LDR
increase a voltage generation within due to this resistance value is to be decreases.
Whatever voltage is generated in the LDR is passed to micro controller based on this
signal pulse width modulation is operated according to this, In pulse width modulation width
is increases or decreases by depending upon the LDR.
When micro controller operates it gives the pulse width modulation signals. Whatever
signal is generated in the micro controller is forwarded to the mosfet driver.

If transistor is on, it will pull down MOSFET voltage to ground so MOSFET becomes off.
Likewise, if transistor is off, MOSFET conducts to make LEDs on.