Wirelessly Programmable Autonomous Irrigation

Management System
A report submittted to
RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bengaluru
MSWE41 PROJECT 2
as partial fulfilment of the requirement for
Master of Technology (M. Tech) in software Engineering

BY

PAVAN M P (USN -1MS15SSE16)

under the guidance of

DEEPTHI K
Assistant professor, Dept. of ISE

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

RAMAIAH INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
May 2017
 Department of Information Science and Engineering
Ramaiah Institute of Technology
Bengaluru 54

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that PAVAN M P(1MS15SSE16) who is working for his

M.Tech PROJECT under my guidance, have completed the work as per my
satisfaction with the topic Wirelessly Programmable Autonomous irrigation
management system. To the best of my understanding the work to be submitted
in dissertation does not contain any work, which has been previously carried out
by others and submitted by the candidates for themselves for the award of any
degree anywhere.

(Guide) (Head of the Department) (Principal)

Deepthi K Dr. Vijaya Kumar B P Dr. N V R Naidu
Assistant Professor, Dept. of ISE Professor & Head, Dept. of ISE Principal, RIT

(Examiner 1) (Examiner 2)
Name

Signature
 Department of Information Science and Engineering
Ramaiah Institute of Technology
Bengaluru 54

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the entire work embodied in this M.Tech Project report has
been carried out by me at Ramaiah Institute of Technology under the supervision
of Deepthi K. This Project report has not been submitted in part or full for the
award of any diploma or degree of this or any other University.

Pavan M P(USN-1MS15SSE16)
 Acknowledgements

I came across a number of people whose contributions in

various ways helped my field of research and they deserve
special thanks. I would like to express my deep sense of
gratitude and indebtedness to my guide Prof. Deepthi K., for her
invaluable encouragement, suggestions, supervision, support
and vital contribution from an early stage of this research and
providing me extraordinary experiences throughout the work. I
would like to thank our Head of the Department Dr.Vijaya
Kumar B.P. for his valuable guidance and support. Above all,
her priceless and meticulous supervision at each and every
phase of work inspired me in innumerable ways as and when
required during this research. I would like to extend my hearty
gratitude to Dr.N V R Naidu, Principal, for the kind support and
permission to use the facilities available in the institute. I am
highly grateful to faculties, library staff and research and
development laboratory staff of Information Science and
Engineering department for their extended long-term support
and coordination. This project would never have been
completed without the unending encouragement and devotion
of my family and friends.
 Abstract

India is mainly an agricultural country. Agriculture is the most important

occupation for most of the Indian families. Hence agriculture can be considered as
the backbone of Indian economy. Farmers in many parts of India are largely
dependent on timely rainfall for harvest and subsequent profits. Scarcity of water
is a major problem faced by the farmers due to untimely rainfall. Old fashioned
equipments and practices used by farmers in India are not suitable, resulting in low
yield for many agricultural commodities. The farmer working in his field faces
water management problem that directly affects the crop production and economy.
Crop irrigation is dependent on various factors like climate, geographic location,
soil type, elevation, ground water level etc,.

In the recent years, modern farming and agricultural techniques by using

Embedded System Technology is gaining a lot of importance. Several
complexities are involved in farming, as farmers need to have sound understanding
of climatic conditions, soil type, humidity, soil temperature, ambient temperature
etc. Hence the farmers must be able to change the farming process depending upon
these conditions. therefore, the need of a computational system to provide
assistance to farmers arises.

This project aims to solve the above problems by using high performance
embedded system and intelligent linear regression machine learning algorithm.
The various sensors such as soil moisture sensor, soil temperature sensor, rainfall
sensor and humidity sensor aid in this process. An unsupervised machine learning
algorithm helps in implementing the proposed system in polyhouses which for
studying and predicting the environmental values. Implementation of the proposed
technique is carried out on Java Platform and testing is done on sensor data
collected from agricultural field from Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK),
Bengaluru for a year. The communication is established between the farmers and
system with the help of Wifi module. The results obtained from this project
demonstrates the optimal usage of water and increase in yield on polyhouses for
various crops.
Contents

1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Motivation ..................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Scope ............................................................................................................................................. 3
1.3. Problem statement ......................................................................................................................... 3
1.4. Objectives ...................................................................................................................................... 4
1.5. Organization of the thesis .............................................................................................................. 4
2. Literature survey ................................................................................................................................. 6
3. System design and analysis ................................................................................................................ 9
3.1. System analysis ............................................................................................................................ 9
3.2 System design .............................................................................................................................. 10
4. System Architecture ......................................................................................................................... 12
5. Implementation ................................................................................................................................. 15
5.1. Embedded system ....................................................................................................................... 16
5.2. Serial communication ................................................................................................................. 17
5.3. Database ..................................................................................................................................... 17
5.4. Machine learning ........................................................................................................................ 18
5.5. Neural network ........................................................................................................................... 19
5.6. Mobile application ...................................................................................................................... 22
6. Results .............................................................................................................................................. 24
7. Conclusion and future scope............................................................................................................. 27
Appendix 1 .............................................................................................................................................. 28
References ............................................................................................................................................... 33
List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Setup of pumping station with sensors .................................................................... 2

Figure 1.2 View of sensors connected ...................................................................................... 2

Figure 3.1 System design ........................................................................................................ 10

Figure 4.1 Architecture design ................................................................................................ 12

Figure 5.1. Flow chart ............................................................................................................. 15

Figure 5.2 Embeeded setup ..................................................................................................... 16
Figure 5.3 Architecture of neual network ............................................................................... 19
Figure 5.4 Mobile application ................................................................................................. 23

Figure 6.1 Test case 1 .............................................................................................................. 24

Figure 6.2 Test case 2 .............................................................................................................. 25
Figure 6.3 Test case 3 .............................................................................................................. 26

Figure 8.1. Scatter plot for sample data sample ..................................................................... 29

Figure 8.2 Deviation of sample data ....................................................................................... 30
Figure 8.3 Input output nodes ................................................................................................. 31
Figure 8.4 Network layer ........................................................................................................ 32