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Giao Trinh Su Dung PM 2010
Giao Trinh Su Dung PM 2010
Giao Trinh Su Dung PM 2010
LNG VN CNH
HNG DN
S DNG
MS PROJECT
2010
TI LIU LU HNH NI B
ng dng MS Project 2010 trong Qun l d n
MC LC
Chng I ...................................................................................................................... 5
Gii thiu tng quan v MS PROJECT 2010 .......................................................... 5
Tng quan ban u .............................................................................................. 5
Qun l d n l g? ............................................................................................. 6
Cc nhn t chnh to nn mt d n .................................................................. 6
Cc bc lp tin ............................................................................................ 7
Cc tnh nng mi trong Microsoft Project 2010 ................................................ 7
Mt s t kho trong Microsoft Project ............................................................ 11
Chng 2.................................................................................................................... 13
Nhng thit lp ban u ca h thng v d n .................................................... 13
Thit lp n v tin t ....................................................................................... 13
Thit lp lch nn d n ..................................................................................... 13
Thit lp cho hin thanh tng tin d n ...................................................... 14
To mt d n mi ............................................................................................ 14
Chng 3.................................................................................................................... 16
To mt d n c th v lp k hoch d n ......................................................... 16
Xc nh thng tin ca d n ............................................................................. 16
Thit lp lch cho d n ..................................................................................... 16
Lp danh sch cc tc v ca d n .................................................................. 17
To cc cng vic ph (subtasks) ...................................................................... 19
To cng vic khng tham gia vo d n (Inactivate) ...................................... 19
a mt cng vic vo khung nhn thi gian (Timeline) ................................. 19
Thit lp deadline .............................................................................................. 20
Thit lp mc d n ........................................................................................... 21
Nhp cc ghi ch cng vic (task note) ............................................................. 21
nh km cc lin kt vo cng vic ................................................................. 21
To cc cng vic nh k ................................................................................. 22
Chng 4.................................................................................................................... 24
To mi lin h gia cc cng vic .......................................................................... 24
Mi lin h gia cc cng vic .......................................................................... 24
Xc nh cc mi quan h gia cc cng vic quan trng ................................ 24
2/58 Ths.Ks. Lng vn Cnh
ng dng MS Project 2010 trong Qun l d n
Chng I
Gii thiu tng quan v MS PROJECT 2010
Qun l d n l g?
- Lp k hoch d n
- Theo di cc thay i v qun l d n
- Kt thc d n.
Cc nhn t chnh to nn mt d n
- Thi gian: gm thi gian hon thnh tng cng vic trong mi mt giai on.
- Ngun lc (tin): gm cc chi ph ngun lc: nhn lc, thit b, nguyn vt liu
hon thnh cc cng vic.
- Mc ch: mc ch ca cc cng vic v k hoch hon thnh chng.
Cc bc lp tin
1. Thu thp thng tin, phn tch cng ngh, dy chuyn sn xut, nguyn l vn
hnh
2. Lp danh sch cc hng mc, cc cng vic ca hng mc (WSB) s tin hnh
thc hin.
3. Xc nh s b cc rng buc gia cc hng mc vi nhau, gia cc cng vic
vi nhau
4. Xc nh khi lng ca cc cng vic
5. Xc nh thnh phn hao ph (vt liu, nhn cng , ca my) v n gi ca n
cn cho cc cng vic.
6. Sp xp th t u tin cc ngun lc
7. c lng thi gian thi cng v chi ph cc ngun lc
8. Lp tin theo k hoch nh.
9. Xc nh cc yu t, cc ch tiu kinh t k thut so snh vi tin k
hoch lp
10. iu chnh, ti u ha tin
11. Chp thun tin lp.
12. In cc bo co, biu mu phc v cng tc qun l.
13. Theo di, cp nht tin . iu chnh tin .
Giao din Microsoft Office Fluent (thanh Ribbon) thn thin. Vi Ribbon, bn c
th truy cp n cc tab trn ca s chng trnh mt cch d dng, hoc thm bt
nhm lnh ra khi tab. Nu bn khng bit chc nng ca mt nt, bn r chut ln
nt, mt ca s nh (Sreen tip) hin ln ni dung chc nng ca nt.
Menu truy cp nhanh (Quick access toolbar): thay th cc thanh cng c ca phin
bn trc. Mun thay i mc nh s lng nt ca n, ta nhp vo nt cui cng
bn phi thm bt nt.
Thanh cng c nh (Mini Toolbar): n phm phi chut vo mt trong bng, mini
toobar s xut hin bn chn nhanh nhng tc v thng thng nht ca ang
chn.
Giao din Backstage vi tt c cc cng c cn thit lm vic vi tp tin ca bn.
Microsoft Project qua nhiu nm pht trin cc phng php qun l d n cung cp
cho bn mt s cng c lp k hoch v theo di. Mt vi im ch :
Biu Gantt l giao din chnh ca Microsoft Project, hin th cc bng tnh vi cc
ct d liu cng giao din ha cc cng vic trong d n b tr dc theo mt thi
Start: ngy bt u
Resource: ngun lc bao gm vt liu, nhn lc, my mc thc hin cc cng vic ca
d n
Milestone: loi cng vic c bit (im mc) c Duration=0, dng kt thc cc giai
on trong d n hoc im dng k thut, ti chnh, thanh ton hp ng
Recurring Task: cng vic nh k, lp i lp li nhiu ln theo chu k trong thi gian
thc hin d n. V d cc bui hp giao ban u tun
Summary Task (cng vic tm lc): cng vic m chc nng duy nht ca n l cha
ng v tm lc thi khong, cng vic v chi ph ca cc cng vic khc.
Chng 2
Nhng thit lp ban u ca h thng v d n
Thit lp n v tin t
Thit lp lch nn d n
Cng cp cho ta ci nhn tng quan v tng thi gian thc hin d n.
To mt d n mi
Chng 3
To mt d n c th v lp k hoch d n
Xc nh thng tin ca d n
a. Trn tab Project chn Change Working Time, xut hin hp thoi. Ta click
chn loi lch lm vic to sn hoc n
nt Creat New Calendar to loi lch
lm vic mi.
Start date: chn ngy bt u khi
cng d n.
Tab Work week l nh ngy gi lm vic v ngh bnh thng. Tab Exception l
nhp ngy lm vic hoc ngy ngh bt thng. Ta nhp thng tin Name, Start, Finish sau
nhn Details la chn ngoi l cho ngy ngy c phi l ngy lm vic hay
khng? Lm thi gian nh th no?
Lp danh sch cc tc v ca d n
nhng cng vic nh c th phn giao c th c. Cui cng nhp cc khong thi gian
thit lp cho tng cng vic. Mt cng vic s chim gi mt khong thi gian v chng
s c theo di tin trnh thc hin. Mt cng vic c th c thc hin trong mt
ngy hay nhiu tun.
a) Chn cc cng vic con ca mt cng vic (c th l mt hoc hn 1 cng vic l con
ca cng vic khc) bng cch bi en cc cng vic .
b) Trong menu Task nhn Indent Task bo rng y l mt cng vic con hoc
n nt Outdent Task bo rng y l tn nhm cng vic bao trm cc cng vic
con. Nu mun th hin cc s ID ca cc cng vic, ta chn menu Format, chn
Ribbon Show/Hide, click vo Outline Number
Nu mt cng vic hin gi ta thy khng cn cho d n, nhng trong tng lai c
th cn tr li, ta cho n dng tm thi khng tham gia vo d n.
Chn menu Task, chn cng vic, chn ribbon Schedule v chn nt Inactivate
Hoc chn menu Task, chn cng vic, chn ribbon Properties v chn nt
Add Task to Timeline .
Hoc chn cng vic, n phm phi chut, chn Add to Timeline.
Hoc nhp i ln cng vic m hp hi thoi Task Information, chn tab
General v click du chn Display on Timeline.
Tng t thao tc nh trn, ta c th loi b cng vic ra khi khung nhn thi
gian, hoc n phm phi cng vic trn khung nhn Timeline v chn Remove from
Timeline
Nu khung nhn thi gian khng xut hin, ta chn menu View, chn ribbon Split
View, chn
Thit lp deadline
Deadline l thi hn cui cng c th thc hin cng vic . Sau khi thit lp
ta s thy c mi tn thi im ta thit lp.
b) Chn tab Advanced vo phn deadline chn ngy l hn cui cng nh hnh trn. Khi
cng vic ny Grantt Chart c thm biu tng
Thit lp mc d n
a) Chn cng vic cn nh km thm cc lin kt. Nhn chut phi chn Hyperlink
b) Chn ti liu mun lin kt n trong phn Link to nh hnh trn, ta c nh sau:
To cc cng vic nh k
a) Chn menu Task, chn cng vic ct Task Name, chn ni bn mun cng vic
nh k xy ra
b) Trong Ribbon Insert, chn Task\Recurring Task.
c) Ca s Recurring Task Information xut hin, nhp cc thng tin vo.Sau khi OK
thot ra, cng vic ny s xut hin biu tng trn ct
Chng 4
To mi lin h gia cc cng vic
- Finish to Start (FS ): cng vic trc hon thnh ri mi ti cng vic sau
- Start to Start (SS): hai cng vic bt u cng mt lc
- Finish to Finish (FF): c 2 cng vic hon thnh cng lc
- Start to Finish( SF): cng vic ny bt u cng vic kia mi kt thc
Thng cc cng vic ln thng c kiu quan h l hon thnh vic trc sau
mi bt u cng vic pha sau, do ta c th to mi quan h ht sc n gin nh
sau:
b) Chn tab, chn cng vic trc cng vic , chn loi ph thuc nhp lag time. Lc
ny, ct Predecessor s xut hin dng
Nhp thi gian gi chng theo s m (v d, 2d cho 2 ngy gi chng). Nhp thi
gian tr theo s dng.
nhanh chng a thi gian xp chng hay thi gian tr cho mt cng vic k
tip, kch p vo ng kt ni gia cng vic v cng vic lm trc Gantt Chart,
v sau nhp thi gian gi chng hay thi gian tr trong hp thoi Task Dependency
Ch : lin kt cc cng vic lin tip nhau theo kiu FS , gi phm Shift, v
sau kch chut vo cng vic u tin v cng vic cui. lin kt cc cng vic
cch xa nhau, gi phm CTRL. Nhng cng vic bn mun lin kt vi nhau theo th t
cng vic no chn trc s l cng vic lm trc, cng vic no chn sau s l cng
vic k tip. Sau khi chn xong, chn menu Task, Ribbon Schedule, n nt Link Tasks
Bng sau lit k nhng kiu rang buc gia cc cng vic
Bn c th chia nh mt cng vic nu thi gian cho cng vic b ngt qung.
iu ny rt c ch, v d s c thi gian bn tm thi dng cng vic ang lm
chuyn sang mt cng vic khc. Bn c th chia mt cng vic thnh nhiu phn nu
cn thit.
a) Chn cng vic mun chia nh. Trn tab Task kch
b) Trn s Grant, r chut n thanh ngang biu din cng vic, kch vo ngy bn
mun chia cng vic, sau ko phn cn li ti ngy bn mun cng vic li bt
u tip tc.
c) C th ghp li cc phn bng cch ko cc phn cng vic chm vo nhau.
Chng 5
To ngun lc v xc nh ngun lc cho d n
1. Work : l loi ngun lc khng phi tiu dng ht sau khi thc hin d n
m c th s dng trong tng lai, con ngi , my mc, thit b thuc loi
ngun lc ny. Ngun lc ny c phn b 100% cho d n hay mt phn
dnh cho d n khc.
2. Material : l loi ngun lc c tiu th, s dng d n c tip din.
VD: xng du, vn phng phmNgun ti nguyn ny c xc nh
bng nh mc tiu hao ca tng tc v.
3. Cost: l chi ph cng thm trong cng vic c th hon thnh n. V d
nh l tin cng tc ph, chi ph khcLoi chi ph ny xy ra ti mt thi
im, u hoc cui cng vic. Ch rng cc ct chi ph khi nhp ca
s Resources Sheet khng chnh sa c. Gi tr chi ph cho ngun lc
loi Cost c thit lp khi ch nh ngun lc ny cho mt cng vic khi
gn loi ngun lc Cost cho mt cng vic hp hi thoi Assign
Resources.
4. Generic: l loi ti nguyn khng thuc cc loi trn v c nh ngha
bi ngi dng. Loi ny c s dng khi cha bit c th loi hao ph g
cn dng cho cng vic.
Cc bc thc hin
Nhn nt Close hon thnh thit lp ngun lc cho mt cng vic. Trn
khung nhn s Grant, ta thy cc ngun lc c nh km vi thanh
tin cng vic
Chng 6
Qun l d n (h thng)
Xem xt ton b d n
Trong menu View, chn ribbon Zoom, chn nt Zoom c th la chn cc loi
hnh c th xem c d n, y mun xem ton b d n chn Zoom ta c hp
thoi chn Entire project nhn thy ton b d n kch OK.
Xc nh ng gng ca d n
4.1 Calendar Lch hng thng ch ra cc cng vic v kh nng hon thnh n.
4.2 Gantt Chart Din t cc cng vic v cc thng tin c lin quan, mt biu
(biu ngang) th hin cc cng vic v thi gian hon thnh
chng.
4.4 Task Usage Th hin danh sch cc cng vic c gn ti nguyn. Dng
khung nhn ny thy ngun ngun lc no c gn cho
mt cng vic c th
4.5 Tracking Th hin danh sch ca cng vic v thng tin c lin quan. Dng
khung nhn ny theo di tin trnh ca d n.
Gantt
4.6 Resource Th hin biu phn phi ti nguyn. Dng khung nhn ny
th hin thng tin v mt ngun lc di cc tiu ch khc nhau.
Graph
4.7 Resource Danh sch ngun lc v thng tin lin quan. Dng khung nhn ny
nhp v hiu chnh cc thng tin v ti nguyn.
Sheet
4.8 Resource Th hin danh sch gn ngun lc cho cng vic c nhm di
mi ngun ti nguyn. Dng khung nhn ny th hin chi ph
36/58 Ths.Ks. Lng vn Cnh
ng dng MS Project 2010 trong Qun l d n
4.9 More View Cho php la chn cc khung nhn khc ca chng trnh.
Trong menu View, chn ribbon Data, n nt Table, chn khung nhn m mun ta
mun quan st s liu.
Trong menu View, chn ribbon Data, n nt Table, chn khung nhn m mun ta
mun quan st s liu. C th lc thng tin theo mun bng cch chn More Filter
nh trong hnh trn ta c hp thoi
Thc hin cc bc nh trong phn trn nhng thay v ly d liu trong phn
Filter ta chn d liu trong Group
Chng 7
Cch thc lu k hoch ca d n v kim sot d n
Sau khi nhp ton b thng tin v cng vic, v ngun lc, thng tin v chi
ph cho d n, bn c th lu gi n nh l mt k hoch ban u (baseline)
Lu gi mt k hoch
Chn khung nhn Tracking Gantt, chn ch hin th ca ribbon Data, chn nt
Table, chn Work hoc Variance.
So snh gia thi gian thc t thc hin v k hoch i vi mi cng vic
Trong MS Project bn c th so snh thi gian thc hin cng vic thc t v k
hoch. Mt cng vic c th kt thc sm hn hoc c th phi ko di hn so vi k
hoch nh. d n c thc hin ng tin , chng ta cn phi bit c nhng
thay i nhng pht sinh trong thc hin d n. Ms Project cung cp mt chc nng
thc hin iu ny. Chc nng ny cho php bn thy c nhng cng vic c lin quan
ti chng, iu chnh ngun ngun lc s dng hay lc b nhng cng vic khng cn
thit hon thnh cng vic ng hn
Chn menu View, chn ribbon Data, chn nt Table, chn Work hoc
Variance.
Actual: Thi gian thc t thc hin c theo cc tham s hin ti.
Nu k hoch thc hin cng vic ca chng ta c xy dng trn cc ngun lc,
vic theo di tin da trn thi gian hon thnh cng vic th bn c th theo di c
thi gian s dng ngun lc .
40/58 Ths.Ks. Lng vn Cnh
ng dng MS Project 2010 trong Qun l d n
Khi bn nhp thng tin thi gian thc t s dng ngun lc, MS Project s t ng
tnh li s thi gian cn li s dng ngun ngun lc
Chn menu View, chn ribbon Data, chn nt Table, chn Work hoc
Variance.
Chng 8
Qun l chi ph d n
Chi ph thc hin d n theo k hoch c th s khc vi chi ph thc t thc hin.
Chnh v nhng l do trn chng ta cn phi theo di chi ph thc hin cc cng vic trong
qu trnh thc hin v m bo rng tng chi ph thc hin d n s khng nm ngoi d
kin.
Chn menu View, chn ribbon Data, chn nt Table, chn Cost.
tnh c gi tr t c, khi
ghi chp mc hon thnh ca cng
vic, vo menu File, chn mc Option,
chn tab Advanced, tm mc Default Task
Earn Value Methode, ta chn loi Physical % Complete ( ng chn % Complete).
Chn menu View, chn ribbon Data, chn nt Table, chn More Tables,
chn Earned Value, n Apply.
quay li bng Earned Value, chn menu View, chn ribbon Data, chn nt
Table, chn More Tables, chn Earned Value, n Apply.
chuyn d liu cc gi tr PV, EV, AC qua Excel v th, ta qut khi
v copy (CTRL+C) d liu, k tip chn phn mm Excel dn vo.
Ngoi ra, ta co th v th Earned Value trc tip t MS Project 2010 nh sau:
Chn menu Project, chn Report, chn nt Visual Report, ca s Visual Report xut
hin.
Trong ca s ny, ta chn d liu s xut ra Excel, b du chn Viso i. Tip tc chn
bo loi bo co l Earned Value Over Time Report trong tab All, chn mc chi
tit d liu xut ra l ngy, tun, thngSau click nt View, kt qu s c xut
qua Excel gm 2 sheet: th v d liu.
Chng 9
Cc biu mu bo co
Tn bo co M t
Cash Flow Report S dng bo co ny xem mt th thanh minh ha s tin chi ph
k hoch v chi ph thc t tch ly theo thi gian.
Ti menu View, trong group Task Views, click chn loi khung nhn d liu cn
in. Nu phn ni dung nh sn ca MS Project cha ng ni dung mong mun, ta c
th chnh sa thm bt ct trong bng d liu hoc dng cc b lc thay i cc cng
vic, ngun lc, ch nh ngun lc li cng vic Sau khi ng d liu ti mt ca
s, mun in ra lm bo co, ta thao tc nh sau:
thm s trang, nhp vo chn trang s , chn tng s trang hoc c hai.
thm ngy hin ti hoc thi gian, hy nhp vo chn ngy thng hin hnh
Ghi ch: tiu v chn trang ca trang in m bn thit lp s xut hin trn mi trang.
Bn khng th ch nh cho chng xut hin khc nhau trn trang u tin so vi cc
trang tip theo, hoc xut hin khc nhau trn cc trang l chn. Bn c th thay i kch
thc mt hnh nh sau khi n c thm vo mt tiu , chn trang, hoc ch gii bng
cch chn biu tng v ko. di chuyn hnh, chn n v ko n n mt v tr khc.
Bn khng c th ct b mt phn hnh nh.
Chng 10
Cc cch kim sot, chnh sa tin
Trong phn ca s biu din cc thanh tin trnh ca cc cng vic, ng mnh
biu din thi on b khi cng chm tr c thm vo pha bn tri ca thanh tin
trnh thc t.
Sau chn ca s Gantt Chart, chn menu Format, trong group Bar Style, click
vo check Late Tasks. Cc thanh tin trnh cng vic b tr i qua mu xm en v cc
thanh tin trnh khng b tr th mu xanh bnh thng
Free Slack: l s lng thi gian mt cng vic c th trt trc khi n tr hon (nh
hng n tin ) bt k cng vic no khc.
Total Slack: l s lng thi gian mt cng vic c th trt trc khi tr hon n
ngy kt thc d n tng th.
Trong phn biu , thi gian d tr xut hin nh l thanh mng pha bn phi
thanh tin trnh. R chut n thanh ny, n xut hin thng tin ca thi gian d tr.
1. Thit lp thng s cho h thng: lch lm vic, nh dng ngy thng, tin t.C
lu cho tt c hoc file tin ang lp.
2. Lp danh sch cng vic theo WBS, c lng trc thi gian hon.
3. Thit lp thng tin tng cng vic v cc mi quan h gia cc cng vic (task
information)
4. Lp danh sch ngun lc s dng cho d n (Resources Sheet) vi y thng tin
cc ct.
5. Gn cc ngun lc cn thit hon thnh cho tng cng vic.
6. Phn b li cc ngun lc b s dng qu ti.
7. Xc nh ng gng chnh sa cc cng vic nm trn ng gng ny (thi gian
hon thnh, ngy bt u, ngy kt thc) sao cho ph hp vi tin .
8. Kim tra li cc ngun lc c b s dng qu ti, phn b li.
9. Sau khi ng vi tnh trng ca tin , ta lu thnh k hoch d n (set baseline).
10. Theo di v cp nht tin : % hon thnh, thi gian hon thnh, ngy bt u, ngy
kt thc.
11. n nh k nh gi d n, ta so snh tnh trng d n hin ti vi k hoch
(baseline) lu trc . a ra phng n iu chnh cc cng vic cn li trong
thi gian sp ti cho ph hp.
12. Nu k hoch thay i nhiu so vi hin ti, ta ly phng n iu chnh cc cng
vic cn li trong thi gian sp ti cho ph hp lu li thnh k hoch mi
(baseline1).
13. Lp li bc 10 v bc 11 n khi kt thc d n.
14. In n, bo co nh k.