...

2009-2010

21/09/2009

: 30/10/2009
: 3/11/20091
: 5/11/2009
: 20/11/2009

1. ( 20)
,

2. ( 30)
,

3. ( 20)

4. ( 30)
,

( 100)

1
, ..
..
1 2009-2010

1. ( 20)

1.1 x :

i) (123)x=(27)10

ii) (123)x=(53)16

1.2 (DBA3.1F)16
.

1.3 :

i) (1010.101)2 + (1111.111)2

ii) (46576.142)8 + (37425.763)8

iii) (B2F3.14)16 + (D6C.E5)16

1.4
2:

(100001.001)2 (11001.111)2

1.5 8 .
2:

i) (1010 0010)2 (100 1110)2

ii) (10 0111)2 (11 1110)2

iii) (101)2 (111)2

: ()
.

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2. ( 30)

, AND, OR
. : AND
1 1, 0 ,
OR 0 0, 1
.

2.1 K, L, M,
:

K M

L
2.2 ( )
(2.1)

2.3 P(n)={1, n=1 n=, 0 }, n=0, 1, 2, , 15.

o ,
.
( ).

:
( ).

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1 2009-2010

3. ( 20)

, (floating point).
.
(Floating Point Unit, FPU)
.

,
3 .
(sign) (0 = , 1 = ).
(mantissa) .
(exponent), o .
:

(-1)sign mantissa 2exponent

, (standards)
() .

. :

1. , mantissa ()
2,
1,12, 1, 2 . ,
1 . , mantissa 1,10, 10.

2. , ,
mantissa .

3. , 6 ,
( ) (sign),
(mantissa) 3
(exponent).

, ,
sign mantissa exponent
0 11 110

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1 2009-2010

: (-1)0 1,11 2110

(
110 001+1= 010):
(-1)0 1,11 2-2 =
1 (120 + 12-1 + 12-2) 2-2 = 1 (1+ 0.5 + 0.25) =1. 75 = 0,4375.

,
sign mantissa exponent
1 11 110

(-1)1 1,11 2110

:
(-1)1 1,11 2-2 =
(-1) (120 + 12-1 + 12-2) 2-2 = (-1) (1+ 0.5 + 0.25) = -1. 75 = -0,4375.

3.1
.
sign mantissa exponent ( )
0 00 000
0 00 001
0 00 010
0 00 011
0 00 100
0 00 101
0 00 110
0 00 111
0 01 000
0 01 001
0 01 010
0 01 011
0 01 100
0 01 101
0 01 110
0 01 111
0 10 000
0 10 001
0 10 010
0 10 011
0 10 100
0 10 101
0 10 110
0 10 111
0 11 000
0 11 001
0 11 010
0 11 011
0 11 100

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0 11 101
0 11 110
0 11 111

3.2 6 ( ,
sign, mantissa exponent) zero.
1 0 ( 0)
0 .

3.3
.
,
, .
(, , ) ( 1)
, , .
,
( ) .

1.
(3.2).
. ?

2. M 1
zero (zeroA, zeroB) 1,
OR,
.

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3. , , , (
sA=1, zeroA 1. , sB = 1
zeroB 1. ,
.
).
sA sB zeroA zeroB
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 0
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1

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4. ( 30)

A. (factorial) :

! = * (-1) * (-2) * * 1 1, ! = 1 = 0.

, Stirling,
, :

N
N
N! 2p N , >=1
e

=3.14 e= 2.71 .

( - flowchart)
(
Stirling). (II), ^
.

() ()

GigaHertz (GHz). 1 GHz,
109 ( ).
. (..

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1 2009-2010

, )
.

, :

(.. 1)
,

(.. +1)
,

(.. *)
,

(.. 2 2 / 2.71)
,

(.. 1 1 ^ 0.5)
,

8 ,

( )
,

(
) .

A.1
()
() : () 5! () 10!

A.2 % ()
( 5! 10!).
% :
[( ) /
] * 100.

A.3 (5! 10!),

%.
: [(

9 10
1 2009-2010

) /
] * 100.

A.4
!, (
). ,
.

A.5 .4,
( %)
: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32.

A.6 , 2 GHz.
2 x 109 .
, .
( seconds)
100!;

B. :

1 1 1 1
S 1 ... , > 0.
2! 3! 4! N!

:
)
site (
http://edu.eap.gr/pli/pli10/students.htm, /
portal ).
) (.. Word)
4, / - .
11 .
) .

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