1

(Bacterial Classification)

I. (Bacterial taxonomic groups)

II. (Bacterial nomenclature)
III. (Criteria for classification of bacteria)
IV. (Bacterial pathogens in animal and man)

I.
(Bacterial taxonomic groups )

(Taxonomy) (similarities
or relationships) phenotype genotype Kingdom
Subspecies ( 3)

1. Kingdom
(Procaryote organisms) Kingdom
Procaryotae (Procaryotes)
(bacterial pathogens) (Eucaryotes)
(yeasts) (fungi) (protozoa) (higher plants)
1 1
- Procaryotae (primitive genetic
Structure) (nuclear membrane)
- Eucaryotae True Nucleus
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1

Nuclear membrane - +
Chromosome Single, Circular Multiple, Linear
Histone protein - +
DNA + +
Ribosome
- Cytoplasmic 70s 80s
- Mitochondria - 70s
Endoplasmic Reticulum - +
Golgi body - +
Mitochondria - +
Mesosome + -
Cell wall component
- Peptidoglycan + -
- Sterols -* +

* Mycoplasma Ureaplasma Sterols

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(a)

(b)
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1 ( a ) ( b ) ( Nester et al. , 1995 )

2. Divisions
3 Divisions (Cell Wall type)
2

2 Divisions Procareotae

Divisions
(Type of cell Wall)
Firmicutes Gram Positive
Gracilicutees Gram Negative
Tenericutes No rigid cell wall

3. Classes
Class (seldom used)
(determination) (Veterinary bacterial
pathogens)

4. Orders
Class (Seldom used) Order
Chlamydiales Rickettsiales Order

5. Families
Families Genera
Family Enterobacteriaceae
Families Genera

6. Genera
a. Genus Genus
b. Genus Species
(Morphology) Streptococcus Genus
(sphere or cocci) (Chains),
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Genus
Escherichia
Escherich Pasteurella Pasteur

7. Species
a. Species Genera
Genus Leptospira Salmonella Serovar
b. Species Strains

8. Subspecies
Subspecies (Lowest taxonomic rank) species
2 Subspecies
Species Campylobacter fetus ss. Venerialis Campylobacter fetus
ss. fetus

C. Species (Taxonomic classification and

terminology within the species)
1. Strains
a. Strain Species
Fusobacterium necrophorum strain 2101 (Isolate) Bovine foot rot
Fusobacterium necrophorum strain
b. Reference strain
Brucella abortus strain 2308 Wisconsin
Brucellosis (Reference Strain)
Brucellosis
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2. Biovars
Biovars (Special biochemical and
Physiological properties) Fusobacterium necrophorum Biovars A,B C

3. Serovars
a. Serovars (Serotypes) Species
antigen (antigenic properties)
b. (bacterial serology) antigens
Capsular antigen (K-Antigen)
capsule somatic antigen (O- Antigen) (cell wall)
Flagella antigen (H- Antigen) ( 2)

2 Antigen ( Scanlan , 1988 )

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II. (Bacterial Nomenclature)

A. Nomenclature
2
1. Division Firmicutes , Gracilicutes Tenericutes
Bergeys manual of systematic bacteriology
2. Genus Bergeys manual of systematic Bacteriology
International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology
B. Binomial Nomenclature Genus Species
Streptococcus suis, Listeria monocytogenes

III. (Criteria for classification of

bacteria)
1. (Bacterial morphology and bacterial structure)
2. ( Physiological and biochemical properties)
3. (chemical composition of the cell)
4. (Antigenic properties)
5. (Genetic Characteristics)
6. (Pathogenicity)
7. (Ecological Characteristics)

IV. (Bacterial Pathogens in Animal and Man)

2

2 (Bacterial Pathogens in Animal and Man)
Division Firmicutes
Cocci
Family Micrococaceae
- Genus Micrococcus
- Genus Staphylococcus
Other generas
- Genus Peptococcus
- Genus Peptostreptococcus
- Genus Streptococcus
Endospore - forming rods
- Genus Bacillus
- Genus Clostridium
Regular nonsporing rods
- Genus Erysipelothrix
- Genus Lactobacillus
- Genus Listeria
Irregular , nonsporing rods
- Genus Actinomyces
- Genus Bifidobacterium
- Genus Corynebacterium
- Genus Eubacterium
- Genus Propionibacterium
The Mycobacteria
Family Mycobacteriaceae
- Genus Mycobacterium
Nocardioforms
- Genus Nocardia
- Genus Rhodococcus
Uncertain affiliation
- Genus Dermatophillus
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Kingdom Procaryotae
Division Gracilicutes Division Tenericutes
The Spirochetes Class Mollicutes
Order Spirochaetales Order Mycoplasmatales
Family Spirochaetaceae Family Mycoplasmataceae
- Genus Borrelia - Genus Mycoplasma
- Genus Treponema - Genus Ureaplasma
Family Leptospiraceae
- Genus Leptospira
Aerobic helical / vibrioid bacteria
- Genus Campylobacter
Aerobic rods and cocci
Family Pseudomonadaceae
- Genus Pseudomonas
Family Legionellaeceae
- Genus Legionella
Family Neisseriaceae
- Genus Acinetobacter
- Genus Neisseria
- Genus Moraxella
Other Genera
- Genus Alcaligenes
- Genus Bordetella
- Genus Brucella
- Genus Francissella
Facultative anaerobic rods
Family Enterobacteriaceae
- Genus Citrobacter
- Genus Edwardsiella
- Genus enterobacter
- Genus Escherichia
- Genus Klebsiella
- Genus Morganella
- Genus Proteus
- Genus Providentia
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2 ( )
Kingdom Procaryotae
Division Firmicutes Division Gracilicutes Division Tenericutes
- Genus Salmonella
- Genus Serratia
- Genus Shigella
- Genus Yersinia

Family Vibrionaceae
- Genus Aeromonas
- Genus Vibrio
Family Pasteurellaceae
- Genus Actinobacillus
- Genus Haemophillus
- Genus Pasteurella

Anaerobic rods
Family Bacteriodaceae
- Genus Bacteroides
- Genus fusobacterium

Anaerobic cocci
Family Veillonellaceae
- Genus Veillonella

The Rickettsias and Chlamydias

Order Rickettsiaceae
Family Rickettsiaceae
- Geus Cowdia
- Genus Coxiella
- Genus Ehrlichia
- Genus Neorickettsia
- Genus Rickettsia
Family Anaplasmataceae
- Genus Anaplasma
- Genus Eperythrozoon
- Genus Haemobatonella
Order Chlamydiales
Family Chlamydiaceae
- Genus Chlamydia
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3 (Schaechter et al., 1989)

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1. Cowan, S.T. , HoH , J.G. , Liston, J. , Murray,R.G.E. , Niven,C.E. , Ravin, A.W. , and Stanier,
R.Y. 1974. Bergeys Manual of Systemic Bacteriology. 8th ed. The Williams & Wilkins
Company / Baltimore P. 1 1246.
2. Nester,E.W. , Robert,C.E. and Nester,M.T. 1995. Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotes and
Eukaryote. In: Microbiology. 1st ed . Wm.C.Brown Communications,Inc. P. 46 87.
3. Scanlan , C.M. 1988. Introduction to Veterinary Bacteriology , 1st ed. Iowa State
university.Press / Amess . P. 3 17.