Logic of phantasy 20

Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉岡

Lacan Seminar 14: The

Logic of Fantasy 6
幻见的逻辑
Seminar 6: Wednesday, December 21, 1966

I think I proved to you the last time that I can tolerate a lot of little trials: the bulb, like that, going on and

off ...(laughter). In previous times, in these bogey-man stories, the explanation was given how people

were led, in certain places, to their auto-critique. It was used for that. In any case ... it was less

disagreeable for me than for you, I must say, because I had it over me and you had it in your eyes.

You were able to see that these little discomforts are not capable of diverting me from what I have to

say.

我认为，上一次我跟你们证明，我能够忍受许多小的折磨：就像这颗灯泡，亮亮熄熄。在以前，在这些鬼

怪的故事的时代，所给予的解释是，在某些地方，人们如何被引导去做自我批判。这就是灯泡的用途。无论

如何，我无法像你们一样地芶同，我必须说，因为我是亲身经历，而你们只是用眼睛观看。你们能够看出，

这些小小的不舒服，並不能够阻碍我不能畅欲所言。

That is why I hope you will not try to refer to any personal sensitivity the fact that today we will not be

celebrating, despite the fact that it is the season for it. I am warning you right away; I will not give today

the seminar that I had prepared for you. I apologise to those who, perhaps, might have delayed their

holiday plans in some way to benefit from it. At the very least no one will have gone out of his way for

absolutely nothing. since I hope you all have the little copy with which I pay homage to you as an end of

year gift. I have not gone so far as to put in a dedication for each of you, since there are too many

names that I do not know, but of course it can always be done!

那就是为什麽，我希望你们不要将跟今天讨论无关的议题，牵扯到个人的感受，虽然冬天是酷寒的季节。

我现在马上就警告你们。我今天要脱离预备好的讲稿来演讲。我跟那些人道个歉，他们为了从我的演讲得益，

可能因此而耽搁了他们的假期。至少，没有人是没有任何期望，就拨冗而来。我希望你们人人拥有这一本小

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册子，这是我今年岁末对你们聊表敬意的礼物。我没有在小册子上签名致敬，因为太多的人名，我不知道，

但是，我总是满怀诚意。

We have arrived at the moment at which I am going to formulate formulae about the unconscious that I

consider as decisive, logical formulae that you saw appearing written on the blackboard the last time, in

the form of this "either I do not think or I am not" (ou je ne pense pas ou je ne suis pas), with this

reservation: that this or is neither a vel (the or of union: the one, the other, or both), nor an aut (at least

one, but no more: you have to choose). It is neither one nor the other.

我们已经到达这个时刻，我将要说明有关无意识的运作规则，我认为是决定性的，逻辑的规则。上一次，

你们看见它们被书写在黑板上，形式是：「我並没有在思想，要不然就是我並不存在」，但是稍微带有这个

保留：这个「要不然就是」，既不是一个「否则」（作为这一个、另一个、或两者都具有的连接的「否则」），也

不是一个「总有」（至少是一个，但仅此而已，你必须二者择一。）它既不是这一个，也不是另外一个。

And this will be the occasion for me to introduce, I hope, in a fashion which will be acceptable in logical

calculation, a different function: the one which, in truth tables, would be characterised by this operation

which should be called by a different name, (2) even though there is one that I have already used, but

since it has other applications, may be ambiguous. It does not matter! I will make the link with it: it is a

matter of nothing other, I point out to you - I am not here to play at mysteries - than what I at one time

indicated here under the term off alienation, but what matter! It is up to you to make the choice.

Meanwhile, let us call this operation omega and, in the truth table, let us characterise it by the following:

if the two propositions on which it operates are true, the result of the operation is false.

我希望，这将是一个机会让我使用逻辑的演算能够让人接纳的方式，来介绍一个不同的功用。这个功用，

在真理的表格上的特征，是另一个名称的运作，即使有一个名称，我已经使用过了。但是因为它还有其它

的用途，所以可能会模棱两可。这不重要！我会把它们连贯起来。我跟你们指出来，我不在这里故作玄虚，

那道道地地就是我有一次使用「疏离」这个术语所指示的。但是，重要的是，要由你们来做选择。同时，让我

们称呼这个运作为「终有一天」。在真理的表格，让我们表现它的特征，用以下的方式：假如它所运算的

两个命题都是真实，那麽运算的结果会是虚假。

You can consult the truth tables that you have within hand's reach, and you will see that none of those in

use up to now from conjunction, to disjunction, to implication, fulfil this condition.

你们可以参考你们手上掌握的这个真理的表格，你们就会看出，迄今，我们从连接、断裂、涵盖所使用的真

理表格，没有一样实现这个条件。

When I say that the conjunction of the true and the true gives, by this operation, the false, I mean that

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every other conjunction here is true: that of the false and the false, of the false and the true, of the true

and the false.

当我说，以这种运作，真实与真实的连接，产生出虚假的结果，我的意思是，每一个在这里的其它连接都

是真实的：虚假与虚假的连接，虚假与真实的连接，真实与虚假的连接。

The relation between this with what is involved in the nature of the unconscious, is what I hope to

articulate before you on the 11th January, for which in any case I give you a rendezvous. You can well

imagine that if I am not doing it today - on this point, I think, you can trust me - it is because my

formulation is not ready, nor what I could limit it to today. Nevertheless, if, effectively, it is from a certain

fear of putting it before you in all its rigour, on a day where I find myself embarrassed, because of the

fact that I spent these last hours questioning myself about something which is nothing less than the

appropriateness or not of continuing this: the fact that we are all together for the moment and what is

called my seminar.

其间跟无意识的特性牵扯到的关系，是我希望在一月十一日在你们面前表达的。不管如何，我会给你们一

个聚会。你们能够清楚地想像，假如我今天没有表达这一点，请相信我，那不是因为我的说明还没有準备

好，也不是因为我今天受到限制。可是，在我发现自己狼狈不堪的时候，我有点害怕在你们面前，声嘶力

竭地表达，因为我花费过去几个小时，一直在置疑我自己，有关我继续这样演讲下去，我们目前的聚会，

以及所谓我的讲座，是否适宜的问题。

If I ask myself this question, it is because it is worth posing it. This little volume (Language and the

unconscious) that I have given you and which, it seemed to me, ought to be brought to your attention

just before I bring forward a logical formula which allows in a way there to be secured in a firm and

certain way what is involved in the reaction of the subject caught up in this reality of the unconscious. It

is not useless for this volume to bear witness to you of what is involved in the difficulties of this abode,

for those whose praxis and function it is to be there.

假如我问自己这个问题，那是因为这个问题值的提出。我给你们的这本小册子（语言与无意识），我觉得

你们应该先浏览一下，我才好提出一个逻辑的公式。这个公式在某方面，坚定而确实地，让我们了解到，

困陷於无意识的这个真实界里，作为生命的主体，会有怎样的反应。让这本小册子充当见证，这个处所会

遭遇怎样的困难，应该不无帮助，因为那些人的本体及功用，就是在那里。

Perhaps it is for want of measuring the relation between this "being there" to a certain necessary "not

being there". This volume will bear witness to you of a meeting that took place around this theme of the

unconscious.

或许，这是因为这个「那里的实存」，跟某一个「那里的不实存」之间的关系，缺乏平衡，这本小册子替你们

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见证到一个聚会，举行的主体是无意识。

There participated in it in an outstanding role two of my pupils, amongst those who were most precious

to me, and still others ... everything is in it, even the Marxists of the CNRS.

我有两位学生参加这个聚会，表现非常优秀，他们不愧是我的高足。此外还有其他人，各种人都有，甚至

还有马克思学派。

You will see on the first page in very small print, a very singular manifestation. Any (3) analyst here will

recognize what is called technically, what Freud alluded to at one point of the five great case histories (I

will leave it up to you - this will allow you to go through them a little - to find this point) what Freud and

the police, with one voice call "the gift" or "the visiting card". If one day it happens that your apartment is

visited in your absence you will be able to note perhaps that the trace that the visitor may have left there

is a little shit. We are here on the plane of the little o-object. It is not surprising that such things happen

in the relations with the subjects that you are tracking by your discourse on the paths of the

unconscious.

In truth, there are swing and major excuses for the lack that the psychoanalysts of today demonstrate in

keeping themselves to the theoretical heights required by their praxis.

在第一页的小字体那里，你们将会看到，一个独特的宣言。在此的精神分析师都会认出，专业术语的内涵，

佛洛伊德在五个个案历史所提到的东西（内容你们自己看，这样你们才会进入状况，看出蹊跷），佛洛伊

德及警察，異口同声所谓的「礼物」或「名片」。假如有一天，小偷在你们不在家时，光顾你们个公寓，你们

或许会注意到，你们被光顾的公寓，小偷留下一坨屎的痕迹。我们在此处於那个小客体的层次。这不足为奇，

这样的事情发生，当你在你的无意识的真理论述的途径，跟追踪的生命的主体互动的时候。今天的精神分

析师，若是设法维持他们本体所要求的理论高度，会显现出一种欠缺，这是主要的原因。

For them, the function of resistances is something regarding which you will be able to see that the

formulae that I wish to be as sure of myself as possible, the day when I try to give them to you in their

essential and in their true agency ... you will see the necessity which is attached to resistance and that it

cannot in any way be limited to the non-psychoanalysed.

对於精神分析师而言，抗拒的功用，是某件东西，你们将会看出，我希望儘可能确定的公式，当我设法给

你们这些公式的要点，以公式作为真正的代理。你们将会看出跟抗拒紧连的这个必要性，这並不仅限於非

精神分析的个案对象而已。

Moreover, from the schema that I will try to give you of the relation, not between the un-thought and

non-being (do not believe that I am on the slopes of mysticism!) but between the I am not and the I am

not thinking which will allow there to be marked for the first time, I believe, and in a tangible fashion not

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simply the difference, the non-overlapping of what is called resistance and of what is called defence,

but, even, to mark in an absolutely essential fashion, even though it has not been published up to now,

what is involved in defence, which is properly what circumscribes and what preserves exactly the I am

not. It is for want of knowing it that everything is displaced, maladjusted in the perspective in which

everyone phantasises about what is involved in the reality of the unconscious. This something which we

lack and which constitutes the risky part of what we are confronted with, not by some contingency,

namely, this new conjunction between being and knowledge.

而且，从我设法给你们有关这个关系的模式，不是处於「不思想」与「不存在」的关系（不要以为我是在搞神

秘主义），而是处於「我不存在」与「我没有正在思想」之间。我相信，我第一次用这个模式，可以标示出，

所谓抗拒与所谓防卫並非重叠的地方，非常具体，不仅是有差别而已。但是，虽然这本书迄今尚未出版，

为了一针见血地标示出，防卫所牵涉到的，恰恰就是限制及保留「我不存在」的部分。在这样的观照下，渾

然不觉地，每一样东西都被代替，被错误地调整。每个人对於无意识的真实界的状况，充满了幻想。

This distinct approach of the term truth, makes of Freud's discovery something which can in no way be

reduced and criticised by means of a reduction to any ideology whatsoever.

佛洛伊德使用真理这个术语，大张旗鼓地发现的东西，我们不能用化简的方法，将将它化简或批评为任何

一种意识形态。

雄伯译

springherohsiung@gmail.com