Vibration and Noise 354

Lecture 4 Coulomb Damping, hysteretic damping 26 July 2016

(INMAN pp. 93 - 107)

Damping:
Why is there damping?
What is damping?

Vibration decays as a result of

Damping in springs
Aerodynamic forces
Other effects such as friction, viscous and other
dampers etc.

One model is viscous damping.

(eg. Shock absorber) where:
f (t ) c cx (t )

f k (t ) f c (t ) mx(t )

mxt cxt kxt 0

Coulomb Damping (or Friction!)

x(t)

k
m

f k (t ) kx(t )

fk(t) mg
N x (t ) 0

f d (t ) 0 x (t ) 0 fd(t)
N x (t ) 0 N

where N mg

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JL van Niekerk 2016 Lecture 4
Look at x0 x0 x 0 0

x t 0 vir t 0
Then the equation of motion becomes
mx(t ) kx(t ) mg

That has a solution:

mg
xt A1 cos n t B1 sin n t
k
Now replace the initial conditions in:
mg
x0 A1 x0
k

mg
A1 x0
k
x0 n B1 0 B1 0

Then:
mg mg
xt x 0 cos n t
k k

until x t 0
by
mg
x t n x 0 sin n t
k

n t 1 t1
n

The equation of motion then becomes:

mx(t ) kx(t ) mg
mg
xt A2 cos n t B2 sin n t
k

mg mg
x x 0

n k k

mg
2 x0
k

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JL van Niekerk 2016 Lecture 4
 mg 2mg
x A2
x0
n k k

mg
A2 x0 3
k

x wn B2 cos 0
n
B2 0
Therefore, for the second part:
3mg mg
xt x0 cos n t
k k

NB. If kx mg no additional motion takes place,

mg
Or if x the block will remain stationary.
k

Example: INMAN p. 97 Example 1.10.1

HOMEWORK: INMAN: 1.124, 1.126, 1.130

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JL van Niekerk 2016 Lecture 4