SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE Coimbatore,

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli-
99941 46662
Tirupur
95972 11166, Tirunelveli
Tirupur-99944
& 27714
99944 27714 95972 11166
fhg;G - fhty;
www.shanmugamiasacademy.in WWW.iasipstnpsc.in
TNPSC Group 1 , CSSE-1 / VAO jkpo; ghlj; njhFg;G - 1 2012 New Pattern
2012
nrhy; nghUs;
jkpo;ehL murpd; (612)
(6 12) tFg;G tiu cs;s fpoik - chpik
rkr;rPh; fy;tp & gioa ghlj; jpl;lj;jpid Gidjy; - Gfo;jy;
cs;slf;fpa>pa> jkpo;ehL nghJg;
nghJg; gzpahsh; kahp - kaf;fk;
Njh;thzak; (TNPSC)) elj;Jk; Njh;Tf;fhd kb - Nrhk;gy;
xU KOikahd jkpo; ghlj;jpl; jpl;l njhFg;G. ts;is - ghl;L(ney;)> nrb
nrw;whd; - ntd;whd;
ePuth; - mwpTilahh;
mUQ;nrhw;nghUs; nfhl;gpd;wp - NtWghbdpd;wp
foWk; - NgRk;
nrhy; nghUs; vapW - gy;> tpsp> mio
Giu - Fw;wk; cfph; - efk;
RLk; - tUj;Jk; msF - Nfhop
jhid - gil NfhL - nfhk;G
epy;yhik - epiyahik kWF - murtPjp
J}W - Gjh; nts;fp - ehzp
rhapDk; - mopapDk; fs; - Njd;> kJ
Jd;dyh; - gifth;> mofpakyh; fbkhiy - kzkhiy
ghptha; - md;gha; rk;G - ehty;
fiykle;ij - fiykfs; jpaq;fp - kaq;fp
gaf;Fk; - jUk; NfhJ - Fw;wk;
va;ahik - tUe;jhky; fil - gOJ
<Ak; - mspf;Fk; kha;tJ - moptJ
Njw;wjhd; - filg; gpbf;fhjtd; tof;F - ed;ndwp
ghy;gw;wp - xUgf;frhh;G eak;,y - jPq;F
Rop - cly;Rop : ePh;r;Rop ePba - jPuhj
rhLk; - jhf;Fk;> ,Of;Fk; fsgk; - re;jdk;
gJik - cUtk; gfop - mk;G
Gutp - Fjpiu kPl;rp - Nkd;ik
ctg;g - kfpo G+fk; - fKfk; (ghf;Fkuk;)
fhKWth; - tpUk;Gth; ewtk; - Njd;
filah; - jho;e;jth; fOtpaJfsh; - Fw;wkw;wth;
khjq;fk; - nghd; klehF - ,isa gR
fk;gkh - fk;gkhT kltpil - ,sq;fhis
ahid - gfL> fsgk;> khjq;fk;> R+o;tpjp - ey;tpid
fk;gkh> ifk;kh> Ngok;. Gs; - md;dk;
fjp - Jiz xz; - xspkpf;f
Mop - Nkhjpuk; kjpak; - epyT
Kl;L - Ftpay; FtL - kiy
fLfp - tpiue;J cghak; - toptif
Vkhg;G - ghJfhg;G ead; - Neh;ik
Vf;fw;W - ftiyg;gl;L ghlwpthh; - newpAilahh;
gfL - vUJ> ahid Md;w - cah;e;j
Ntok; - fUk;G> ahid efy;ty;yh; - rphpj;J kfpo;th;
NgW - nry;tk; mah;e;j - fisg;Gw;w
Nkop - fyg;ig> Vh; Cd; - jir
newp - top khs - ePq;f

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

NghJ - kyh; Foy; - $e;jy;
ryjp - fly; Vj;Jk; - tzq;Fk;
kjiy - Foe;ij ck;guhh;gjp - ,e;jpud;
csthf;fy; - cz;lhf;Fjy; Mae;j ehtyd; - ef;fPuh;
xuhy; - ePf;Fjy; fue;jhd; - kiwe;jhd;
Nehw;fpw;gth; - nghWg;gth; Fwis - Gwk;NgRjy;
thl;lhd; - tUe;jkhl;lhd; ntFsp - rpdk;> Nfhgk;
gz;zth; - Njth; rPyk; - xOf;fk;
Gd;ik - ,ope;j jd;ik njsptPNu - njspAq;fs;
tPW - typik mfd;W - tpyfp
Ja;g;Ngk; - Efh;Nthk; khw;whh; - gifth;
xw;fk; - jsh;r;rp fl;lis - ciufy;
Md;w - epiwe;j ,dpa - ed;ik
fe;Jfk; - ge;J nghiw - Rik
Fe;jk; - #yk; Nehd;ik - jtk;
ts; - neUf;fk; ey;fpdhh; - mspj;jhh;
kUg;G - je;jk; tpGjh; - Gyth;
jpU - moF ek;gp - jUkp
CW - Gyd;fspd; ,ay;G igAs; - tUj;jk;
myfpyh - mstw;w fpspj;jp - nrhy;yp
epiw - rhy;G Ntzp - nrQ;ril
fpsh; - Gfo; xuhd; - czuhd;
kzpefh; - mofpaefh; fw;iwthh;>filahd; - rptd;
NfhyKW - moFkpf;f fha;e;j ehtyd; - ,iwtd;
muk;igah; - Njtkfsph; tpid - nray;
kJunkhop - ,dpankhop eak; - ,d;gk;
JQ;rhd; - Japyhd; nra;if - ,Utpid
mw;Nw - Nghd;wNj tpiu - kzk;
Njhl;f - Jisf;f nefpo - jsu
Nfhzk; - thl;gil tpOg;gk; - rpwg;G
rbsk; - fil NjhpDk; - Muha;e;J ghh;j;jhYk;
ca;k;kpd; - gpioj;J nfhs; va;Jth; - milth;
nkha;apiy - neUq;fpa ,iy ,Lk;ig - Jd;gk;
cF - nrhhpe;j (nghope;j) xy;yhNt - ,ayhNt
mU - cUtkw;wJ nghUjfh; - Ml;Lflh
gtk; - gad;Nehf;fpa nray; xs;spath; - mwpTilath;
ciyah - jsuhj va;jw;F - fpilj;jw;F
nt/fy; - tpUk;Gjy; $k;Gk; - tha;g;gw;w
nghy;yh - khak; Nehf;fp - Muha;e;J
gfh;tJ - nrhy;tJ gRe;Jzp - grpa Jz;lk;
Jt;th - Efuhj #Uil - mr;rk; jUk;
fld; - flik gopnahL - kwnewpapy;
Jiyay;yhh; - Mw;wy; Fiwe;jth; Njuh - Muhahj
,d;dh - jPq;F Gs; - gwit (Gwh)
,Uepyk; - nghpa epyk; vs;sW - ,fo;r;rp ,y;yhj
xg;guT - cjTjy; Nfhwy; - nfhy;Yjy;
ca;a - gpiof;f ew;wpwk; - mwnewp
,iwQ;rp - gzpe;J vspik - tWik
J}q;fpa - njhq;fpa Rtb - E}y;
gdtd; - me;jzd; rha;f;fhik - mopf;fhik
Mh; - Gyth; Jb - giw
SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

jpiu - miy Vh; - moF
vapdh; - Ntld; Njh;e;J - Muha;e;J
tpsk;gy; - $Wjy; jkh; - cwtpdh;
gphpe;J - tpUk;gp #o;thh; - mwpTilahh;
,Of;fk; - xOf;fk; ,y;yhjth; jifik - jd;ik
mOf;fhW - nghwhik kjiy - Jiz
xy;fhh; - tpyfkhl;lhh; ,Us; - gif
cuNthh; - kdtypik cilath; Gy;yhh; - gw;whh;
$if - Nfhl;lhd; ekd; - vkd;
,fy; - gif mUj;jpad; - md;G cilatd;
nghs;nsd - clNd cz;lndk; - cz;Nlhk;
nrWeh; - gifth; Fhprpy; - jiytd;
,iae;jf;fhy; - fpilj;j nghOJ eadk; - fz;fs;
,lk; - chpafhyk; Ejy; - new;wp
khz;lhh; - khz;G cila KLfpdd; - nrYj;jpdd;
rhd;Nwhh; ,lh; - Jd;gk;
jlf;if - ePz;l iffs; cd;Ndy; - epidf;fhNj
cfe;j - tpUk;gpa nrW - tay;
gluh - nry;yhj fyk; - mzp
nraph;j;jds; - rpdKw;wts; fha;e;jhh; - ePf;fpdhh;
nrw;wk; - fWT Nkjp - vUik
,ikath; - Njth; jlk; - jlhfk;
nfhw;wk; - mur ePjp ke;jkhUjrPjk; - fhw;Wld; $ba ePh;
jhUfd; - muf;fd; Gtdk; - cyfk;
vspik - tWik ky;yy; - tskhd
fise;Njhk; - ePf;fpNdhk; ths; - xsp
jhgpg;Nghk; - epiy epWj;JNthk; muh - ghk;G
kUq;F - gf;fk; g+jp - jpUePW
cgfhuj;jhd; - gad;fUjhJ nghwhJ - Vw;fhJ
cjTgtd; ghw;Wtpj;jhh; - Nghf;Ftpj;jhh;
FWfpdd; - te;Js;shd; rPj;ijah; - fPohdth;> Nghypg;Gyth;
khjth; - Kdpth; cwhmik - Jd;gk; tuhky;
KWty; - Gd;dik ngw;wpahh; - ngUikAilath;
joP,a - fye;j ,y; - ,y;iy
<u;fpyh - vLf;f ,ayhj jiy - rpwg;G
,Uj;jp - ,Ug;ghahf jf;fhh; - jFjpAila nghpNahh;
,e;J - epyT ,bf;Fk; - fbe;Jiuf;Fk;
fbJ - tpiue;J vs;Sth; - ,fo;th;
Khpjpiu - klq;fptpOk; miy <Dk; - jUk;
mkyd; - Fw;wkw;wtd; nrUf;F - ,Wkhg;G
ahzh; - GJtUtha; jpus; - $l;lk;
Jfph; - gtsk; miwFtd; - nrhy;Ythd;
Nra; - njhiyT jhiu - top
epiwNfhy; - Jyhf;Nfhy; (juhR) vz;F - fub> Nfoy; - gd;wp
re;jk; - myF njhdp - xir
njUSk; - njsptpy;yhj Ntq;if> cOit - Gyp
fy;kpjg;G - fy;yhfpa njg;gk; khjpuk; - kiy
xy;iy - tpiuT G+juk; - kiy
mq;if - cs;sq;if ts;Sfph; - $h;ikahd efk;
gzptplk; - ghk;G eQ;R miwe;j - nrhd;d
tuk;G - tug;G Gay; - Nkfk;
SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

gfuh - nfhLj;J kUs; - ctkcUG
fphp - kiy tJit - jpUkzk;
klq;fy; - rpq;fk; MupUs; - eufk;
tUk; - ,b cah;f;Fk; - nrYj;Jk;
myW - Koq;F fjk; - rpdk;
fit - gpse;j je;j - <l;ba
mzpj;J - mUfpy; mw;W - NghYk;
Nfrhp - rpq;fk; Khpe;jhh; - mope;jth;
Gsfpjk; - kfo;r;rp ,l;bJ - rpwpaJ
Ge;jp - mwpT Fuq;fpd - tise;jd
rpuk; - jiy Kuy;tJ - Muthhpj;jhh;
Nehd;wy; - nghWj;jy; nfhb - xOq;F
giz - Kq;fpy; kplW - fOj;J
nghUJ - Nkhjp ,Tsp - Fjpiu
NfhL - je;jk; Eid - $h;ik
,hpe;jpl - tpyfpl Njhop - nfhb
ky;Fjy; - epiwjy; kho;fp - kaq;fp
nra; - tay; nkha;k;G - typik
kUT - nghUe;jpa Rue;J - epiwe;J
mWFsk; - ePh;tw;wpaFsk; Fuq;fp - tise;J
glhd; - nra;ahd; (Nghh;) J}kk; - mfpwGif
epfo;e;j - typikaw;W xa;e;j epykle;ij - ngw;wjha;
rhma; - nkypTw;W Xjp - nrhy;yp
My; - mirepiy eGyd; - rPtfd;jk;gp
mau - epfo;j;j ths;Mh; - xspnghUe;jpa
mkuUs; - nrhh;f;fk; vohy; - ,ir
khz - kpfTk; Kio - Fif
rPh;ik - tpOg;gk; gplit - Jzp
Ntshz;ik - cjtp ngUtp - mQ;rp
Mh;f;Fk; - gpzpf;Fk; cufk;> gzp - ghk;G
ty;iy - tpiutpy; fb - kzk;
rpiy - tpy; nghJSk; - epuk;Gk;
fb - tpsf;fk; nfe;jk; - gw;fs;
csu - jlt fhd;W - ckpo;e;J
voP, - ahio thrpj;J tiu - kiy
fhy; - fhw;W Gil - tis> nghe;J
nta;a - tpUk;gj;jf;f Kuzp - khWgl;L
flk; - fhL ntt;tplk; - nfhbaneQ;R
,hpa - tpyfp xl ,e;jdk; - tpwF
vopdp - ciw miwtPh; - ciug;gPh;
Jsp - ngUkio thhp - fly;
fzpif - nghJkfs; mTzd; - ,uzpad;
Gy;y - jOt ngz; - mfypif
,UtpRk;G>ifj;jha; - nrtpypj;jha; takh - Fjpiu
Iia - jha; mila - KOikAk;
G+z;L - mzpe;J vwpe;J - mopj;J
,iwQ;R - tzq;F chpg;gz;l - fisag;gl;l
flhmahid - kjf;fspW GyuhNk - twz;Ltplhky;
grp$h; - grp kpFe;j guhf;fpukk; - tPuk;
ngah;T - ePf;fk; tjpgth; - tho;gth;
<h; - fth; Xjp - $e;jy;
SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

mhpe;J - ntl;lg;gl;L epiw - fw;G
flyfk; - fly; cyfk; Ve;jy; - rpwe;Njhd;
gj;jh; - ahopd; cWg;G kw;W - NkYk;
nrQ;#l;L - ghk;gpd; glk; Xjp - $e;jy;
ghe;js; - ghk;G kd; - jaujd;
nghwp - Gs;spfs; myq;F - mirjy;
cise;J - kdk;tUe;jp jpUf;fk; - tQ;rid
gUtuy; - Jd;gk; Mop - Nkhjpuk;
fhe;jp - Ngnuhsp tpj;jf - mwpQNd
guy; - fy; Myp - kioePh;
,ldw - ,lk;,y;yhjthW khyp - #hpad;
gd;dUk; - nrhy;ytpayhj ghop - typik
Nfhbfk; - Mil gpwnkhop - Ntw;Wnkhop
gd;dfk; - ghk;G xbd - kiwe;jd
fbe;J - ePf;fp jpiufTs; - RUq;fpa jd;ik
jbjy; - nfhy;Yjy; gr;ir - Njhy;
Gjpad; - ,iwtd; Gyk;g - jdpj;jpl
cfk; - Cop (Afk;) gpzh; - rUr;riu
mde;jk; - Kbtw;wJ kUg;G - je;jk;
,yf;fha; - Fwpaha; FUF - ehiu
Ntapd; Foy; - Gy;yhq;Foy; kuG - Kiwik
mUe;jp - cz;L ty;rp - czT
ghuk; - gS> Rik fpis - Rw;wk;
mhpjid - gifia gid - xU NgusT
kb - ,we;j J}f;fpd; - Muhapd;
raj;jk;gk; - ntw;wpJ}z; nghd;Wk; - mopAk;
td;J}W - typaGjh; xl;gk; - mwpTilik
mQ;rdk; - fz;ik ciwtJ - xOFtJ
fYo;jy; - mOjy; Nfhs; - JzpG
epfh;j;j - Nghd;w Kiw - ePjp
Jq;fKw - J}a;ikAw khjh; - fhjy;
kpbdk; - tWik Kshp - jhkiu
eliy - ,wg;G joP, - jiuapy; tpOe;J
rhh;q;fk; - tpy; kUfp - kUkfs;
tz;ik - tsik jida - kfs;
$h;k;gil - $hpa MAjk; myq;fy; - khiy
fzpr;rp - kOthAjk; KwpT - NtWghL
Nra;cah; - kpf cah;e;j tPq;fpdhs; - G+hpj;jhs;
fJg;G - $e;jy; ,iaGsp - nghUj;jKw. Kiwahf
cio - ngz;khd; ehg;gzp - eLtpy;
jlT - ngUik fz;Lsp - fz;lNghJ
J}tp - rpwF Gil - ,ilapd; xUgf;fk;
epzk; - nfhOg;G mshT - epiwe;j
tpwy; - typik vjph;e;jhd; - Kd;dpd;whd;
fhis - jiytd; epUgd; - murd;
rhy;G - jFjp tpsp - rhT
tpOkk; - Jd;gk; Xij - xir
mw;wk; - mopT> ,Wjp mrdp - ,b
ca;g;gJ - nrYj;JtJ fLj;J - rpde;J
jop,aJ - el;ghf;FtJ jpidasT - kpfr;rpwpasT
tPW - rpwg;G kWF - njU
SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

kNfhjjp - fly; Nfhy; - juhR
gtpj;jpuk; - J}a;ik xUghy; - xU gf;fk;
gjp - csh; Nfhlhik - tise;J nfhLf;fhik
Ntiy - fly; (ghw;fly;) mzp - moF
fQ;rk; - jhkiu tpOg;gk; - rpwg;G> ngUik
kWF - RoY xk;gg;gLk; - ghJfhf;fg;gLk;
fsQ;rpak; - njhFg;G va;Jthh; - milthh;
nrl;L - rpf;fdk; ,Of;fj;jpd; - (xOf;fj;jpy;)
Mdhj - FiwTglhj (nflhj) jtWtjhy;
jPh;j;jdd; - J}ad; va;jh - milaf;$lhj
kUt - mila gop - gopr;nrhy;
khz;l - rpwe;j Fw;wk; - $Wjy;
fpsh;g;g - epiwa mOf;fWg;ghd; - nghwhik> nfhs;gtd;
$h; - Mw;wy; Rw;wk; - cwtpdh;> Rw;wp epw;gth;
Jd;d - neUq;f cLg;gJ - cil
nry; - Nkfk; cz;gJ - czT
kply; - typik mOf;fhW - nghwhik
ehkNty; - mr;rk; jUNty; ghtp - nfhba jd;ik
ntUtp - mQ;rp jpU - nry;tk;
rhsuk; - gyfzp nrw;W - mopj;J
njw;wp - jpz;iz jPAop - nfhba ,lk;> eufk;
rujk; - tha;ik ca;j;J - nrYj;jp
nghUTk; - xj;jpUf;Fk; gfr;nrhy;yp - tpl;Lg;gphpAk;gb
me;jp - khiy nrhw;fis $wp>
thrtd; - ,e;jpud; Gwq;$wp
FQ;rp - jiykaph; Nfsph; - Rw;wj;jth;
kjpf;Fk; - filAk; gphpg;gh; - gphpar; nra;th;
mzq;F - jpUkfs; el;ghly; - el;Gr; nra;jy;
,Ul;fly; - ePyf;fly; Njw;whjth; - mwpahjth;
rh;tfyhrhiy - gy;fiyfofk; Vjpyhh; - mayth;
khy; - nghpa jk; Fw;wk; - Gwq;$Wjyhfpa jkJ
muk;igah; - Njtkhjh;fs; Fw;wk;
,ul;l - mirf;f fhz;fpw;gpd; - Muha;e;J ghh;j;jy;
ifJ - jis kd;Dk; caph;f;F - epiy ngw;w caph;
mykhhp - neLk;Ngio tho;f;iff;F
fpuhk;G - ,ytq;fk; jPJ cz;Nlh - tuf;$ba Jd;gk;
khYkp - ehthNahl;b vJTk; cz;Nlh?
rd;dy; - gyfzp mUl;nry;tk; - mUshy; tUk; nry;tk;
kpl;lha; - jPq;Ffl;b nghUl;nry;tk; - nghUshy; tUk;
jhpDk; - nfhLg;gjpdhYk; nry;tk;
eLT - eLTepiyik g+hpahh; - ,ope;jth;
jFjp - cila mwk; cs - csthFk;
,fe;J - ePq;fp mUs; - fUiz> ,uf;fk;
Mk; - MFk; nghUs; - nry;tk;
Mf;fk; - nry;tk; mt;Tyfk; - Nkhl;r cyfk;> Kf;jp
xopatply; - (tpUk;ghJ) tpl;LtpLf ,t;Tyfk; - kz; cyfk;
rkd; nra;J - Kjypy; jhd; rkkhf ,y;yhfpahq;F - ,y;yhjJ Nghy
epd;W ,ay;ghd; - jd;ikf;F Vw;g
rPh;J}f;Fk; - jd;dplk; itj;j jphpe;J - khWgl;L
nghUis mstpl;Lf; mw;W MFk; - me;j epyj;jpd
fhl;Lk; jd;ikiag; ngWk;
SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

khe;jh; - kf;fs; J}q;fhJ - fhyk; ePl;bf;fhky;
Cq;F - fhl;bYk;> tpl J}q;fw;f - fhyk; ePl;bf;fhJ nra;f
my;yy; gLg;gJ - Jd;gk; jUtJk;> Mf;fpf; Nfhly; - Kbj;Jf; nfhs;Sjy;
gifAk; eid fTs; - kj ePuhy; eide;j
Njw;wk; - fyf;fkpd;wp njspjy; fd;dk;
mth - Nguhir ahj;jw;W - gpzpj;jJ NghyhFk;
,d;ik - ,y;yhj jd;ik fl;baJ NghyhFk;
njspT - njhpe;njLj;jy; fw;whUs; fw;whh; - fw;wth; vy;yhhpDk;
nra;thid - nraiyr; nra;a kpfr; rpwg;ghff; fw;wth;
Ntz;batid nry - kdk; nfhs;SkhW
ehb - Muha;e;J nrhy;Ythh; - nrhy;y ty;yth;
tpid - nraypd; jd;ik gifafj;J - gifth; $l;lj;jpd;
va;j - nghUe;j ,ilapy;
czh;e;J - mwpe;J rhthh; - mQ;rhJ Nghhpl;L
fw;wg;gl - #Ok;gb ,wg;gth;
xOfk; - jOtp> Mjhpj;J mitafj;J - fw;wth; epiwe;j
elj;jy; mQ;rhjth; rigapy; GFe;J Ngr
ngw;wj;jhy; - ngw;wjhy; mQ;rhjth;
futh - kiwf;fhJ> xspf;fhky; Cjpak; - ew;NgW> ,yhgk;
fiue;J - mioj;J xUtw;W - xUtDf;F
Mf;fk; - ed;ik> ngUQ;nry;tk; Ngijahh; - mwpT ,y;yhjth;
md;d ePuhh;f;F - mj;jd;ikajhd Nfz;ik - el;G
,ay;ig cilatUf;F xhP , - ePf;fp> tpyf;fp> xopj;J
,Lk;ig - Jd;gk; khR mw;whh; - Fw;wk; ,y;yhjth;>
,Lk;ig glhjth; - tUe;jhjth; ey;Nyhh;
,Lk;ig gLg;ghh; - Jd;gk; tpisg;gh; xUTf - ePf;Ff> xopj;jpLf
tpioahd; - tpUk;ghjtd; jPikahy; - Fw;wj;jpdhy;
,ay;G vd;ghd; - ,ay;G vd;W jphpe;J mw;W - nfLjy; Nghd;wjhFk;
epidg;gtd; ifj;J (ifafj;J) - ifapy; cs;s(nry;tk;)
cWjy; - miljy; fhg;G - fhg;gth;
Nfl;lhh; - el;gha; Vw;Wf; ,y; - tPL
nfhz;lth; <j;J - nfhLj;J
gpzpf;Fk; - jk;kplkpUe;J ePq;fhjgb Nehjy; - tUe;Jjy;
trg;gLj;Jk; ftwy; - kdk; fyq;Fjy;
jif - gz;G> ,ay;G Xjy; - $Wjy;
mtha; - mthtp> NkYk; NkYk; fjo;T - rpdk;
nfhs;s tpUk;gp Nth;j;J - ntFz;L
NfshUk; - gifaha; Vw;Wf; gopKWf - gopkpFkhW
nfhs;shjtUk; Nfhlhh; - nfhs;shh;
Ntl;g - (gif ePf;fp) tpUk;GkhW ,Lk;ig - Jd;gk;
nrhyy;ty;yd; - rhpahdijg; gpwh; jis - tpyq;F
Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;gb jzg;gh; - ePq;Fth;
vLj;Jr; nrhy;Yjypy; jpiuj;j - RUl;ba
ty;yikAilatd; ehtha; - kuf;fyk; (fg;gy;)
Nrhh;T ,yd; - $w Ntz;batw;ik jth - (jthJ) nflhJ
kwe;Jtplhjtd; Vjk; - Jd;gk;
mQ;rhd; - rigf;F mQ;rhjtd; ead; - ePjp
,fy; nty;yy; - gifik ghuhl;b ntw;wp rhuy; - Nrh;jy;
ngWjy; xk;gy; - ghJfhj;jy;
nraw;ghy - nra;a Ntz;ba xy;Yk;tha; - ,ad;w top
nray;fis ,d;dhh; - gifth;
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

ed;dhg;gz; - ey;y eL ,lk;> Nky; jpd;ik - jPik
cyfk;> tPL Qhdp - njspe;j mwpitg;
tyd; - typik ngw;wtd;
ikazp - fUepwk; cila mspf;f - nfhLf;f
kplW - fOj;J jsh;r;rp - Nrhh;T
te;jpj;J - tzq;fp kUq;F - ,il> ,Lg;G
IaNd - jiytNd #y; - fUg;gk;
ngha;ahW - Fw;wkpy;yhj cis - tUe;Jk;
,y;yk; - tPL tpj;J - tpij
rpjh; - fe;ij Jzp fPh;j;jp - Gfo;
gfh;e;J - $wp fd;dy; - fUk;G
kpile;j - neUq;fpa Kdpa - epidj;j
KLf;fh; - njUr; re;J nkha;k;G - typik
khy; - jpUkhy; njhO - tzq;Fk;
#o;r;rp - MNyhrid ve;jha; - vk; je;ijNa
filj;jiy - jiythapy; Nfzp - fpzW
RUjp - ,ir Nrhp - kf;fs; Nrh;e;j thOk;
khNahd; - jpUkhy; ,lk;
mz;lh; - Njth; MtYld; - MirAld;
Gue;jud; - ,e;jpud; ghtyUk; - Gyth;fSk;
Xk;GNfd; - fhg;ghw;WNtd; NkTk; - tpUk;Gk;
jUf;fs; - kuq;fs; mhpit - ckh Njtp
rypah - mirah mhp - jpUkhy;
khe;jp - gUfp it - $h;ik
kUl;nfl - kaf;fk; jPu nts;sk; - ePh;g;ngUf;F
mwptd; - ty;Yeh; FWeif - Gd;KWty;
kQ;iQ - kapy; rQ;ryk; - kdf;ftiy
kj;jkhd; - ahid edp - kpFjp
mhp - rpq;fk; Gdy; - jz;zPh;
Gy;tha; - fiykhd; Gj;jpuh;fs; - gps;isfs;> kf;fs;
kUl;if - kaf;fk; epfuhth; - xg;ghth;
kh - tpyq;fpdk; fdpT - ,uf;fk;> Kjph;r;rp
Gs; - gwitfs; fUj;J - nra;jp
,k;gh; - ,t;Tyfk; cis - tUj;jk;
etpd;wpyh; - $whh; Njhzp - glF
gj;jpuk; - ghJfhg;G kjp - mwpT
ghz; - ,ir rpdk; - Nfhgk;
,irtyd; - Vkehjd; ruf;F - gz;lk;> nghUs;
itak; - cyfk; kdd; (kjd;) - mfq;fhuk;> nrUf;F
vspNad; - jho;e;jtd; Nfh - ,iwtd;> rptngUkhd;
jPz;ly; - njhLjy; Jauk; - Jd;gk;
rpe;ij - kdk; ruz; - milf;fyk;
kaf;nfhopa - Nrhh;T ePf;f Fotp - Foe;ij
kL - ghy; Ruf;Fk; kb rj;JU - giftd;
fyk; - fyak; jaT - ,uf;fk;
,lh; - Jd;gk; Rj;jk; - J}a;ik
khe;jh; - kf;fs; mw;gh; - fPohdth;
cjpuk; - ,uj;jk; J}uk; - njhiyT
tpop - fz; Jsq;f - tpsq;f
cth;g;G - cg;Gj; jd;ik rPlh; - khzhf;fh;
ehLk; - tpUk;Gk; tpopg;G - vr;rhpf;if
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhy; nghUs; nrhy; nghUs;

kuG - gioa tof;fk; fQ;Rk; - jhkiu
Nghw;wp - Gfo;e;J fOe;jh; - Kulh;
nghJik - nghJj;jd;ik ftpd; - moF
ky;fp - ngUfp flh - vUikf;flh
kiw - Ntjk; xk;gy; - ghJfhj;jy;
fUiz - mUs; jd;ik fw;wsp - fw;Nfhtpy;
el;lhiu - ez;giu fhb - fQ;rp
xl;lhiu - giftiu fhlth; - gy;yth;
Ngho;jj;J - fhyj;jpy; fhil - gwit tif
ts;sd;ik - <ifg;gz;G FQ;ruk; - ahid
fpisQh; - cwtpdh; fhq;if - GOf;fk;
fhzpif - guj;ij muh - ghk;G
fhzk; - nghd; mq;fz; - mofpa ,lk;
jpiu - miy mzq;F - nja;tk;
ehtha; - fg;gy; mbrpy; - czT
$iw - Glit mj;J - vy;iy
nra;Nahs; - jpUkfs; mtk; - tPz;
ghufk; - epyTyfk; moy; - mOjy;> neUg;G
%J}h; - gioa Ch; mkyd; - Fw;wkw;wtd;
rPyk; - xOf;fk; mq;fz; - mofpa ,lk;
fq;Fy; - ,uT cL - tpz;kPd;
khL - nry;tk; cz;b - czT
Vj;j - Jjpf;f ,e;jdk; - tpwF
kid - ,y;yk; Md; - gR
fUkk; - flik ctif - kfpo;r;rp
jD - tpy; <q;if - ghiyepyf; nfhb
tO - Fw;wk; <z;L - ,q;F
jhuk; - kidtp Mopahd; - jpUkhy;
cio - xUtif khd; cWfz; - Jd;gk;
vy;yp - QhapW cio - khd;
gy;ytk; - jsph; ,utp - #hpad;
nrW - tay; mykuy; - Row;rp
ky;yy; - tsk; xe;jp - xzhd; tif
ey;FuT - tWik fy;yis - Fif
Mlth; - Mz;fs; fq;Fy; - ,uT
Ntjid - Jd;gk; gud; - flTs;
nghJk;gh; - Nrhiy Ezy; - jtis
KdpT - rpdk; epUgh; - murh;
my; - ,uT jphpif - rf;fuk;
jhh; - khiy Jyf;fk; - tpsf;fk;
jhW - Nfhy; eliy - Jd;gk;
jhid - Nrid ek;gd; - jiytd;
js;is - jha; ej;jk; - Mf;fk;
je;jp - ahid eq;if - ey;yngz;
jthJ - nflhJ ehdpyk; - cyfk;
jj;ij - fpsp eprp - es;spuT
jusk; - Kj;J epuak; - eufk;
Qkyp - eha; ePh;ik - ,ay;G
Nrhud; - jpUld; epj;jpyk; - Kj;J
nrt;Nts; - KUfd; gy;ytk; - nfhb> jsph;
Qpkph; - tz;L tpgQ;rp - tPiz
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

,yf;fz Fwpg;G ey;y - Fwpg;G tpidahyizAk;
ngah;
nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G Jizeyk; - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj;
njhiffs;
vyhk; - vy;yhk; vd;gjd; Mwhk;
tpideyk; -
,ilf;Fiw Ntw;Wij;njhiffs;
Qhdf;fz; - cUtfq;fs; j&ck; - nra;Aspir msngil
Mde;jf;fly; - cUtfq;fs; Ntz;ba vy;yhk; - nganur;rk;
fhukyh;fs; - cUtfq;fs; xUTjy; - njhopw;ngah;
,uq;fp - tpidnar;rk; gath - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
nfhs;thk; - jd;ikg; gd;ik nganur;rk;
tpidKw;W eLf;F - eLq;F vd;Dk; Kjdpiy
thd; - ,lthFngah; jphpe;j njhopw;ngah;
cyfk; - ,lthFngah; xxjy; - nra;Aspir msngil
toq;fp - tpidnar;rk; MmJk; - nra;Aspir msngil
Jg;ghh; - tpidahyzAk; ngah; fhl;rpath; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
J}c - nra;Aspir msngil fopey;FuT - chpr;nrhw;njhlh;
tpz; - ,lthFngah; ey;FuT - njhopw; ngah;
ngha;g;gpd; - vjph;fhy tpidnar;rk; fbe;j - nganur;rk;
tphpePh; - tpidj;njhif nra;jhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
coh mh; - nra;Aspir msngil nghUs; nra;J - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wikj;
nfhLg;gJ}ck; - ,d;dpir msngil njhif
nfl;lhh; - tpidahyidAk; ngah; gRkz; - gz;Gj; njhif
vLg;gJ}ck; - ,d;dpir msngil kl;fyk; - %d;whk; Ntw;Wik cUGk;
tpRk;G - ,lthFngah; gaDk;
gRk;Gy; - gz;Gj; njhif cld;njhf;fj;njhif
fhz;G - njhopw;ngah; nga;;jphP,s; - nrhy;ypir msngil
neLq;fly; - gz;Gj; njhif mfd;wdd; Nghfp - Kw;nwr;rk;
jhdk; jtk; - ck;ikj; njhif thd;nghUs; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
,uz;Lk; - Kw;Wk;ik jq;fh Ntl;if - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
ahh; ahh; - mLf;Fj; njhlh; nganur;rk;
nrhyy; - njhopw;ngah; espapU - xUnghUl; gd;nkhop
jPh;e;j - nganur;rk; xbkuk; - tpidj; njhif
ngha;ikAk; - ,opT rpwg;Gk;ik Ch;jpiu - tpidj; njhif
ngha;aw;f - vjph;kiw tpaq;Nfhy; tho;kiy - tpidj; njhif
tpidKw;W Nghe;Njhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
cs;sj;jhy; - cUG kaf;fk; vwpjpiu - tpidj; njhif
csd; - Fwpg;G tpidKw;W rhw;wpdhs; fowp - Kw;nwr;rk;
jhdk; nra;thh; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik njhLFop - tpidj; njhif
njhif cwhmJ - nra;Aspir msngil
nra;thh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; njhd;dpwk; - gz;Gj; njhif
ngha;ahik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah; tpiukyh; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
Gfo; - fhhpathF ngah; cUGk; gaDk;
vy;yh mwKk; - Kw;Wk;ik cld;njhf;fj; njhif
ngha;ahik - mLf;Fj; njhlh; xU jdp - xUnghUl; gd;nkhop
ngha;ahik nfhy;yhj;jPtpid - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
ed;W - Fwpg;G tpidKw;W nganur;rk;
Gwe;J}a;ik - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif Njhd;Wk; - nra;Ak; vd;Dk; Kw;W
mfj;J}a;ik - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif ngUe;Jd;gk; - gz;Gj; njhif
ngha;ah - <W nfl;l vjph;ikiw cz;fz; - tpidj;njhifg; Gwj;Jg;
nganur;rk;
gpwe;j md;nkhopj; njhif
mOJah; - tpidj; njhif

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs;
s; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G
mOJah; - tpidj; njhif vhpjepLNthk; - jd;ikg;gd;ik tpidKw;W
nghopkio - tpidj; njhif jPawpT - gz;Gj; njhif
j&ck; - nra;Aspir msngil nrt;thdk; - gz;Gj; njhif
njhOck; - nra;Aspir msngil Nkd;NkYk; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
GFe;J - tpidnar;rk; nrUf;fsk; - ,Unganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj;
tho;e;J - tpidnar;rk; njhif
njhOJ - tpidnar;rk; mitf;fsk; - ,Unganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj;
ngWf - tpaq;Nfhy; tpidKw;Wfs; njhif
mWf - tpaq;Nfhy; tpidKw;Wfs; ,d;Daph; - gz;Gj; njhif
grpg;gpzp - cUtfk; gpbgrp - Ntw;Wikj; njhif
Gidah - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; igq;fpsp - gz;Gj; njhif
nganur;rk; Fuf;fpdk; - typj;jy; tpfhuk;
M&aph; - gz;Gj; njhif tz;lh; - tz;L vd;gjd;
tpsq;F %J}h; - tpidj; njhif filg;Nghyp
%J}h; - gz;Gj; njhif Kg;goKk; - Kw;Wk;ik
Fiwtpyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; Kg;gok; - gz;Gj;njhif
nganur;rk; Kf;Foy; - gz;Gj;njhif
kiwNahh; - <Wnfl;l vjph; kiwg; rhikAk; tuFk; - vz;Zk;ik
nganur;rk; ngha;kzp - tpidj;njhif
mUkiw - gz;Gj; njhif mjph;Fuy; - tpidj;njhif
khwh md;G - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; KJntapy; - gz;Gj;njhif
nganur;rk; ey;tsk; - gz;Gj;njhif
foy; - jhdpahF ngah; ntk;ghiy - gz;Gj;njhif
Nfhapy; - ,yf;fzg;Nghyp fhZthk; - jd;ik gd;ik tpidKw;W
,Uepjp - chpr;nrhy; njhlh; ntQ;Ruk; - gz;Gj;njhif
vidj;Jk; - Kw;Wk;ik nre;ney; - gz;Gj;njhif
khepjp - chpr;nrhy; njhlh; igk;Gdy; - gz;Gj;njhif
NgW - Kjdpiy jphpe;j Nfhs;ty; - Kjdpiy jphpe;j
njhopw;ngah; Kjiy njhopw;ngah;
iethh; - Kw;nwr;rk; Cry; - CQ;ry; vd;gjd;
ey;tpid - gz;Gj; njhif ,ilf;Fiw
ngUQ;nry;tk; - gz;Gj; njhif jUnghUs; - tpidj;njhif
khywpah - <Wnfl;l ngUtsk; - gz;Gj;njhif
vjph;kiwnganur;rk; ngUkzy; - gz;Gj;njhif
myh; nfhd;iw - tpidj;njhif ntbj;j fio - nganur;rk;
G+ryd;gd; - ,Unganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; jiuNky; - Ie;jhk; Ntw;Wik njhif
njhif NghYk; NghYk; - mLf;Fj;njhlh;
epide;J - tpidnar;rk; njhs;sKJ - gz;Gj;njhif
GFNthk; - jd;ik gd;ik tpidKw;W Kj;jkpNo - tpspj;njhlh;
njhOJ - tpidnar;rk; nfhs;thh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
jpirNah&k; - Kw;Wk;ik nfhLg;ghh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
rpe;jpj;J - tpidnar;rk; rpe;jhkzp - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
Kad;w Nfhapy; - nganur;rk; nganur;rk;
ngUk;nghOJ - gz;Gj; njhif Fw;wkpy;yhg; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
nghd;Gid - %d;whk; Ntw;Wikj; gj;Jf;Fzk; nganur;rk;
njhif Kd;wpy; - ,y;Kd; vd;gjd;
rpe;ij Myak; - cUtfk; ,yf;fzg;Nghyp
ePoy; - epoy; vd;gjd; ePl;ly; mdk; - md;dk; vd;gjd;
tpfhuk; ,ilf;Fiw
vhpjoy; - tpidj; njhif fLQ;#y; - gz;Gj;njhif
fjpiu - md;nkhopj; njhif gpiwf;$d; - xU nghUl; gd;nkhop
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

tpisjusk; - tpidj;njhif Xq;fp - tpidnar;rk;
jUepj;jpyk; - tpidj;njhif mopahj - vjph;kiw nganur;rk;
fdptha; - ctikj;njhif khnewp - chpr;nrhw;njhlh;
jUf - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W mUk;nghUs; - gz;Gj;njhif
Rke;j - nganur;rk; jiof;f - nra;vd;Dk; tha;g;ghl;L
,g;gpiw - mz;ikr;Rl;L tpidnar;rk;
KUfh> Kjy;th - tpspj;njhlh;fs; kiyAr;rp - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif
xLk; - vjph;fhy tpidKw;W nfhy;yhik - vjph;kiw njhopw;ngah;
iff;fbfhuk; - cUGk; gaDk; cld; kiyAr;rp xsp - Vohk; Ntw;Wik; cUGk;
njhf;fj;njhif gaDk;
fhz; - ,ilr;nrhy; cld;njhf;fj;njhif
nfhsy; - nfhs;sy; vd;gjd; ngha;ahik - vjph;kiw njhopw;ngah;
,ilf;Fiw ey;ywk; - gz;Gj; njhif
khdpl rKj;jpuk; - cUtfj; njhlh; nrhy;yhYk; - vz;Zk;ik
$T - tpidj;njhFjp (m) nrahyhYk;
gfhg;gjk; njhONjhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
nfhLik - gz;Gg;ngah; tho;f - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W
rj;jpaj;jP - cUtfj; njhlh; fiufz;l - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wikj;
kjntwp - ,Unganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; njhif
njhif kdjpw;F - kdj;jpw;F vd;gjd;
tPl;b> vhpj;J> - tpidnar;rq;fs; njhFj;jy; tpfhuk;
Vw;wp> Rz;b vDk; - vd;Dk; vd;gjd;
jpul;ba - nganur;rk; ,ilf;Fiw tpfhuk;
vDk; - vd;Dk; vd;gjd; <jy; - my; <w;W tpaq;Nfhs;
,ilf;Fiw tpidKw;W
tho;f;if - njhopw;ngah; tho;jy; - my; <w;W tpaq;Nfhs;
jiykaph; - Ntw;Wiknjhif tpidKw;W
ciufy; - ,Unganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; ciug;ghh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
njhif ,ug;ghh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
Gj;JyF - gz;Gj; njhiffs; <thh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
cah;e;Njhiu - tpidahyizAk; ngah; xd;whg; Gfo; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
Jd;GWj;Jk; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik nganur;rk;
njhif ePs;Gfo; - tpidj;njhif
nghd;tay; - ctikj; njhif Njhd;Wf - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W
eff;fz; - Ntw;Wikj; njhif Njhd;whik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah;
nfhs;thh; - gyh;ghy; tpidKw;W Gfo; - MFngah;
cioj;J - mLf;Fj; njhlh; thohjhh; - vjph;kiw vpidahyizAk;
cioj;Nj ngah;
rpe;Jk; - njhopw;ngah; ngwhm - ,irepiasngil
,aw;if - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik (nra;Aspirasngil)
nty;Yk; njhif tz;gad; - gz;Gj; njhif
nrt;tha; - gz;Gj; njhif tirapyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
ntz;zPW - gz;Gj; njhif nganur;rk;
kdpjg;gpwtp - typj;jy; tpfhuk; tz;gad; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
khepyk; - chpr;nrhw;njhlh; nganur;rk;
gLJah; - tpidj;njhif ,irapyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
ngUepyk; - gz;Gj;njhif ahf;if nganur;rk;
jhapDk; - cah;T rpwg;Gk;ik tho;thh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
fb - chpr;nrhy; fhg;ghd; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
kyub - ctikj;njhif nry;yplk; - tpidj;njhif
njspe;j - nganur;rk; kjpKfk; - ctikj; njhif
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

rpdq;fhg;ghd; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wikj; nrt;Nts; - gz;Gj; njhif
njhif ngUq;Futh; - gz;Gj; njhif
nry;yh ,lj;J - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; ,hP, - nrhy;ypirasngil
nganur;rk; khefh; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
kwj;jy; - jy; <w;W tpaq;Nfhs; tphpkio - tpidj; njhif
tpidKw;W fUepwk; - gz;Gj; njhif
eifAk; - vz;Zk;ik FUepwk; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
ctifAk; ngUe;jlk; - gz;Gj; njhif
gifAk; csNth - vjph;kiw xfhuk; ey;ypyf;fzk; - gz;Gj; njhif
Nrh;e;jhiu - tpidahyizAk; ngah; mutid - cUtfk;
nfhz;ltd; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; Njbdd; - Kw;nwr;rk;
NfL - Kjdpiy jphpe;j fz;ldd;
njhopw;ngah; ctifj;Njd; - cUtfk;
epyj;jiwe;jhd; - Vohk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif Mz;Lk; <z;Lk; - Kuz;njhil
,we;jhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; ntq;fjph; - gz;Gj; njhif
Jwe;jhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; fw;Gk; fhjYk; - vz;Zk;ik
njhlq;fw;f - vjph;kiw tpaq;Nfhy; Gidfoy; - tpidj; njhif
tpidKw;W tidfoy; - tpidj; njhif
vs;sw;f - vjph;kiw tpaq;Nfhy; nghw;Gak; - ctikj; njhif
tpidKw;W ntq;fdy; - gz;Gj; njhif
neLk;Gdy; - gz;Gj; njhif ePq;fpdhh; - Kw;nwr;rk;
neLe;Njh; - gz;Gj; njhif Kdpgth;
rpWgil - gz;Gj; njhif neLkuk; - gz;Gj; njhif
cWgil - chpr;nrhy; njhlh; nghJk;gh; - <w;Wg; Nghyp
ciwepyk; - tpidj; njhif vk;ngUkhs; - ehd;fhk; Ntw;Wikj;
Mo;fsh; - tpidj; njhif njhif
Kfk; - MFngah; (je;jk;) nrq;if - gz;Gj; njhif
kyh;ePl;lk; - rpidahFngah; Nrtb - gz;Gj; njhif
kyh; ePl;lk; - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj;njhif ntt;tpUg;G - gz;Gj; njhif
nt&ck; - ,ir epiwasngil FUNrw;wp - Vohk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif
$h;q;NfhL - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik fdptha; - ctikj; njhif
cUGk; gaDk; cld; tk;kwth; - gz;Gj; njhif
njhf;f njhif tUGd;kdk; - tpidj; njhif
fhh; - gz;ghFngah; Gd;kdk; - gz;Gj; njhif
mwtpid - ,Unganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; ty;YUf;F - gz;Gj; njhif
njhif nfhLkdk; - gz;Gj; njhif
Ch; Mz;ik - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik jPnkhop - gz;Gj; njhif
njhif fbdKwP, - nrhy;ypirasngil
nghUs; ePq;fpa - Ie;jhk; Ntw;Wikj; eypNrhud; - tpidj; njhif
njhif ew;wtd; - gz;Gj; njhif
ntz;Fil - gz;Gj; njhif Njha;jlf;fi - tpidj; njhif
khkio - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh; jlf;if - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
ePh;Ntyp - cUtfk; fha;rpdk; - tpidj; njhif
goq;Fb - gz;Gj; njhif jtr;rpWJ - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
nfoP,a - nrhy;ypirasngil ve;ij - vk; je;ij vd;gjd; k&c
epiy,a - nrhy;ypirasngil gok;ghly; - gz;Gj; njhif
tz;if - gz;Gj; njhif jPe;jkpo; - gz;Gj; njhif
ngUepyk; - gz;Gj; njhif eWQ;Rit - gz;Gj; njhif
xUjdp - xUnghUl; gd;nkhop nkd;gpb - gz;Gj; njhif
tUepjp - tpidj; njhif ngUtho;T - gz;Gj; njhif
,Uepjp - gz;Gj; njhif Fow;fhL - cUtfk;
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

vwpjuq;fk; - tpidj; njhif nry;yhik - njhopw;ngah;
tsh;nropah; - tpidj; njhif ciuj;jy; - njhopw;ngah;
Kj;jkpo; - gz;Gj; njhif vd;wy; - njhopw;ngah;
Nrh;tpj;tk; - tpidj; njhif Nfl;lhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
ngUk; g+kp - gz;Gj; njhif thl;lhd; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
RidfSk; - vz;Zk;ik mioj;jdd; - Kw;nwr;rk;
Gdy;fSk; khefh; - chpr;nrhw;njhlh;
JtiuAs;sk; - ctikj;njhif Ee;ij - k&c (Ek; je;ij)
njhy;Yyfk; - gz;Gj; njhif mltpkiyahW - ck;ikj;njhif
njhLthdk; - tpidj; njhif fle;J - tpidnar;rk;
nrq;fjpNuhd; - gz;Gj; njhif jle;Njhs; - chpr;nrhw;njhlh;
nrbnfhbfs; - ck;ikj; njhif nrwpe;J> gha;e;J - tpidnar;rk;
jlq;fz; - chpr;nrhw; njhlh; eWnea;Ak;>NjDk; - vz;Zk;ikfs;
Nguz;lq;fs; - gz;Gj; njhif ePyKb> ed;nra; - gz;Gj;njhiffs;
fspnts;sk; - cUtfk; gha;e;J> nrwpe;J - tpidnar;rq;fs;
ntw;wplk; - gz;Gj; njhif Qhynky;yhk; - njhFj;jy; tpfhuk;
Fsph; kio - tpidj; njhif njhy;YyF - gz;Gj; njhif
mtd;whs; - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif jhSKk;NksKk; - vz;Zk;ik
kdnkhop nka; - ck;ikj; njhif gjkyh; - cUtfk;
ehdpyk; - gz;Gj; njhif ntz;Fil - gz;Gj;njhif
ehaff; flTs; - cUtfk; fy;yh xUtw;Fk; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
ahf;if - fhuzg; ngah; nganur;rk;
ahitAk; - Kw;Wk;ik ehop - MF ngah;
Mf;fy;> ePf;fy; - njhopw;ngah; <jy; - njhopw; ngah;
myfpyh> - <Wnfl;l Ja;g;Ngk; - jd;ik gd;ik tpidKw;W
,d;dhr; nrhy; vjph;kiwnganur;rk; epyj;jpDk;> - cah;T rpwg;Gk;ikfs;
nghWj;jy; - njhopw;ngah; thdpDk;> ePhpDk;
mfo;thh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; fUq;Nfhy; - gz;Gj; njhif
,fo;thh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; ngUe;Njd; - gz;Gj; njhif
kwj;jy; - njhopw;ngah; ed;wp - gz;Gg; ngah;
nghWj;jy; - njhopw;ngah; #L - Kjdpiy jphpe;j
ed;W - Fwpg;G tpidKw;W njhopw;ngah;
Nghw;wp - tpidnar;rk; tapw;Wf;Fk; - ,opT rpwg;Gk;ik
ePq;fhik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah; mtpAzT - ,Unganuhl;Lg;gz;Gj;njh
xWj;jhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; if
nghjpe;J - tpidnar;rk; Nfl;f - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W
itahh; - tpidKw;W Md;w - nganur;rk;
xWj;jhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; ,Of;fy; - njhopw;ngah;
nghWj;jhh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; xOf;fk; - njhow;ngah;
jw;gpwh; - Vohk; Ntw;Wikj;njhif Cw;Wf;Nfhy; - typj;jy; tpfhuk;
nehe;J - tpidnar;rk; Nfshj; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
jpwd;> mwd; - <w;Wg;Nghyp jifaNt nganur;rk;
nra;apDk; - ,opT rpwg;Gk;ik mtpADk; - vz;Zk;ik
Nehw;fpw;gth; - tpidahyizak; ngah; thopDk;
cz;zhJ - tpidnar;rk; vOjp> Gue;J - tpidnar;rq;fs;
cohmh;> glhmh; - nra;Aspir msngil gbj;j> jPh;j;j - nganur;rq;fs;
nfLg;gJ}ck;> - ,d;dpir msngil ghlhj> gwthj> - vjph;kiw nganur;rq;fs;
vLg;gJ}ck; #lhj
eir,> epwP, - nrhy;ypir msngil tply; - njhopw;ngah;
muq;qfk;>kQ;Q;R - xw;wsngil vjphpyh - <Wnfl;l nganur;rk;
fz;Nzhl;lk; - njhopw;ngah; nghd;dd; - nghUl;ngah;
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

Cud; - ,lg;ngah; fLQ;nrhy; - gz;Gj; njhif
Mjpiuahd; - fhyg;ngah; nghy;yhf; fhl;rp - <W nfl;l vjph;kiw
fz;zd; - rpidg;ngah; nganur;rk;
fhpad; - gz;Gg;ngah; gad;njhp Gyth; - tpidj; njhif
ebfd; - njhopw;ngah; Nehf;fh - <W nfl;l vjph;kiwg;
ky;yy; - chpr;nrhw; njhlh; nganur;rk;
neLkjpy; - gz;Gj; njhif Jt;th ,lk; - <W nfl;l vjph;kiwg;
thq;Ftpy; - tpidj; njhif nganur;rk;
,iyNty; - ctikj; njhif vd;g - gyh; ghy; tpidKw;W
kUg;g+rp> - cUtfk; Nkw;nfhs;gth; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
khh;Nghiy cs;sJ}ck; - ,d;dpirasngil
khwd;fspW - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif md;W - Fwpg;G tpidKw;W
nte;J> cyh;e;J> - tpidnar;rk; nfhy;yh> - <W nfl;l vjph; kiw
vdh> $u nrhy;yh nganur;rk;
nre;eha; - gz;Gj; njhif gzpjy; - njhopw;ngah;
fUKfpYk; - vz;Zk;ik Mw;Wthh;> - tpidahyizAk;
ntz;kjpAk; khw;whh; ngah;fs;
fUKfpy; - gz;Gj; njhif ,d;ik> jpz;ik - gz;Gg; ngah;fs;
ntz;kjp - gz;Gj; njhif x> kd; - mirr; nrhw;fs;
flf;f> xb> - tpidnar;rk; ,Uepyk; - chpr;nrhw; njhlh;
,isj;J rhd;wth; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
tpah;j;j - nganur;rk; ,d;g nrh&gk; - cUtfk;
jhkiu Kfk; - ctikj; njhif md;Gk; Mh;tKk; - vz;Zk;ik
Kfj; jhkiu - cUtfk; mlf;fKk;
Njd; nkhop - ctikj; njhif tpsf;fp> rpwe;J - tpidnar;rq;fs;
nkhopj; Njd; - cUtfk; kfpo;r;rp - njhopw;ngah;
Kj;Jg;gy; - ctikj; njhif J}q;fpa> Ma;e;j - nganur;rq;fs;
gy;Kj;J - cUtfk; Neh;e;J - tpidnar;rk;
gts tha; - ctikj; njhif nfhz;L> itj;J - tpidnar;rq;fs;
tha;g; gtsk; - cUtfk; Nehf;fp - tpidnar;rk;
kyh;f;if - ctikj; njhif fpsh;j;jpNdd; - jd;ik xUik tpidKw;W
ifkyh; - cUtfk; Njuh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
kjpKfk;> - ctikj; njhif nganur;rk;
fay;tpop> kyub Gidkyh; - tpidj;njhif
jkpoKJ> - cUtfk; gw;Wthd;> - tpidahyizAk;
fz;kyh; mQ;rhd; ngah;fs;
NjtpAk; MaKk; - vz;Zk;ik Fw;wk; - njhopw;ngah;
mUe;jth;> - gz;Gj; njhiffs; Nja;e;j> gha;e;j> - nganur;rq;fs;
ey;tpid Ma;e;j> fha;e;j
tho;f - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W tpOe;J - tpidnar;rk;
nra;jtk;> - tpidj; njhiffs; nre;jP> ntk;ik - gz;Gj; njhiffs;
tPo;fjph; ciuj;J> ,ue;J> - tpidnar;rq;fs;
ngUk;NgW - gz;Gj; njhif nrhy;yp>
NgW - Kjdpiy jphpe;j ,iwQ;rp
njhopw;ngah; mUk;nghUs; - gz;Gj; njhif
gy;Yaph;> - gz;Gj; njhiffs; ey;ywk - gz;Gj; njhif
ey;tpid> tz;gad; - gz;Gj; njhif
Nghpd;gk;>jPtpid rpWgil - gz;Gj; njhif
Ma;njhb - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik neLk;Gzy; - gz;Gj; njhif
ey;yha; cUGk; cld; njhf;f ntz;Fil - gz;Gj; njhif
njhifAk; goq;Fb - gz;Gj; njhif
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

tz;if - gz;Gj; njhif Nghw;WJk; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
ngUepyk; - gz;Gj; njhif Nghw;WJk;
ngUq;Fzk; - gz;Gj; njhif mUikNa - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
,Uepjp - gz;Gj; njhif mUikNa
fU epwk; - gz;Gj; njhif tUf tUf - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
ey;ypzf;fk; - gz;Gj; njhif mtuth; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
ntq;fdy; - gz;Gj; njhif vz;z vz;z - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
nrq;if - gz;Gj; njhif gy gy - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
,Uk;nghiw - gz;Gj; njhif vd;nwd;Wk; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
jPnkhop - gz;Gj; njhif vLk; vLk; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
nfhLkdk; - gz;Gj; njhif vq;nfq;Fk; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
nfhLtpid - gz;Gj; njhif tpL tpL - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
td;ndQ;R - gz;Gj; njhif ngha;ahik - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
rpWNfhL - gz;Gj; njhif ngha;ahik
Kj;jkpo; - gz;Gj; njhif nra;ahik - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
ngUk;G+kp - gz;Gj; njhif nra;ahik
nrq;fjpNuhd; - gz;Gj; njhif miy miy - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
ntw;wplk; - gz;Gj; njhif NghYk; NghYk; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
ngUe;jif - gz;Gj; njhif cioj;J - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
nre;jhkiu - gz;Gj; njhif cioj;J
ehdpyk; - gz;Gj; njhif Nkd;NkYk; - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
mUk;nghUs; - gz;Gj; njhif khnewp - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
rpWgil - gz;Gj; njhif cWgil - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
ePs;Gfo; - tpidj; njhif khefh; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
njhLthdk; - tpidj; njhif ehkePh; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
Fsph;kio - tpidj; njhif khkio - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
Rlh;kzp - tpidj; njhif FU epwk; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
Nrh; - tpidj; njhif rhyr;rpwe;;jJ - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
jpUNtq;flk; - tpidj; njhif jlf;if - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
miyfly; - tpidj; njhif jtr;rpwpJ - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
KOq;FKuR - tpidj; njhif jlq;fz; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
njhLfly; - tpidj; njhif khkiy - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
tphpfhy; - tpidj; njhif khftpij - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
xsph;jkpo; - tpidj; njhif jle;Njhs; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
Ch;jpir - tpidj; njhif fopey;FuT - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
tho;kiy - tpidj; njhif thd;nghUs; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
vwpjpiu - tpidj; njhif fbjPq;F - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
njhLFop - tpidj; njhif ,Uepjp - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
mOJah; - tpidj; njhif fbefh; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh;
nghopkio - tpidj; njhif xd;whg; Gfo; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr;
tpsq;F%J}h; - tpidj; njhif nganur;rk;
vhpjoy; - tpidj; njhif ,irapyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr;
tphpePh; - tpidj; njhif ahf;if nganur;rk;
jUnghUs; - tpidj; njhif jPJ,yh tlkPd; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr;
gRk;Gy; - tpidj; njhif nganur;rk;
gRkz; - tpidj; njhif Fzk; fhzu - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr;
xLkuk; - tpidj; njhif nganur;rk;
Ch;jpiu - tpidj; njhif vQ;Rwh kuzk; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr;
mOJah; - tpidj; njhif nganur;rk;
gLJah; - tpidj; njhif mZfh ew;wtd; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr;
ePs;tpRk;G - tpidj; njhif nganur;rk;
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

vz;zpyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; fw;Gk; fhjYk; - vz;Zk;ik
caph;fs; nganur;rk; RidfSk; - vz;Zk;ik
,izapyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; Gdy;fSk;
tsq;fs; nganur;rk; thabAk; - vz;Zk;ik
Ntz;lhf; Fg;ig - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; ifabAk;
nganur;rk; eifAk; - vz;Zk;ik
nry;yh ,lj;J - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; ctifAk;
nganur;rk; nghjpyhapDk; - vz;Zk;ik
mirtpyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; ,kakhapDk;
Cf;fk; nganur;rk; my;Yk; gfYk; - vz;Zk;ik
tirapyh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; mtpapDk; - vz;Zk;ik
tz;gad; nganur;rk; thopDk;
mwpahg; goq;Fb - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; clk;Gk; capUk; - vz;Zk;ik
nganur;rk; ehzKk; klKk; - vz;Zk;ik
Nghw;wh xOf;fk; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; ghtKk; gopAk; - vz;Zk;ik
nganur;rk; Mf;fKk; NfLk; - vz;Zk;ik
Fiwtpyh NgW - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; toq;fYk; - vz;Zk;ik
nganur;rk; Ja;j;jYk;
ehwhkz; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; ey;tpidAk; - vz;Zk;ik
nganur;rk; jPtpidAk;
Xuh cyF - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; $tYk; kjpYk; - vz;Zk;ik
nganur;rk; thtpAk; G+itAk; - vz;Zk;ik
gq;fkpy;yh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; FapYk; kapYk; - vz;Zk;ik
nganur;rk; Ky;iyAk; - vz;Zk;ik
mstpy;yh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; FwpQ;rpAk;
nganur;rk; njhONjhh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
Nfsh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; thohjhh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
nganur;rk; Mw;whh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
jg;gh mUshy; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; ,yhjth; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
nganur;rk; Mw;whs; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
ngha;ahnkhop - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; Vw;whh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
nganur;rk; Ngzhh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
nry;yh ,lk; - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; czh;e;Njhh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
nganur;rk; Copahd; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
tskpyh tho;T - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwr; Nehw;wth; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
nganur;rk; fhg;ghh; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
epiy,a - nrhy;ypir msngil fhj;jts; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
ek;ngoP, - nrhy;ypir msngil mse;j gpuhd; - tpidahyizak; ngah;
xhp, - nrhy;ypir msngil kUT nra; - tpidj; njhif
mis, - nrhy;ypir msngil ew;gad; - gz;Gj; njhif
nga;jphP, - nrhy;ypir msngil ige;epwk; - gz;Gj; njhif
XxJjy; - nrhy;ypir msngil mWFsk; - tpidj; njhif
MmJk; - nrhy;ypir msngil mfy;tay; - tpidj; njhif
nt&ck; - nrhy;ypir msngil flhm - ,ir epiwasngil
cwhmJ - nrhy;ypir msngil Xq;Fkiy - tpidj; njhif
nfhLg;gJ}ck; - ,d;dpir msngil ePspil - tpidj; njhif
mjdpD}cq;F - ,d;dpir msngil rhma; - ,irepiwasngil
j&ck; - ,d;dpir msngil njhy;ftpd; - gz;Gj; njhif
vLg;gJ}ck; - ,d;dpir msngil gphpe;Njhh; - tpdiahyizAk; ngah;
nrhy;yhYk; - vz;Zk;ik ,Ue;Njhif - nganur;rk;
nrayhYk; ,ioazp - tpidj; njhif
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

thopah; - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W td;fhak; - gz;Gj; njhif
ed;kiz - gz;Gj; njhif nky;ypjo; - gz;Gj; njhif
MhpUs; - gz;Gj; njhif nkd;Fuy; - gz;Gj; njhif
mjdpD}qcq;F - ,d;dpirasngil Ez;Lsp - gz;Gj; njhif
vy;yhh;f;Fk; - Kw;Wk;ik fz;kyh; - cUtfk;
,y;gUtk; - gz;Gj; njhif nghop jpUKfk; - tpidj; njhif
Mjy; - njhopw;ngah; MLf - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W
nghUjfh; - tpidj; njhif mUe;jtk; - gz;Gj; njhif
voP, - nrhy;ypirasngil jhdjh;kk; - ck;ikj; njhif
rpWEjy; - md;nkhopj; njhif jz;fly; - gz;Gj; njhif
ghit - ctikahF ngah; FSFSntd;W - ,ul;ilf; fpstp
rpiyj; njhopy; - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif GUtf;nfhb - cUtfk;
fUq;nfhb - gz;Gj; njhif kdg;gwit - cUtfk;
,Uq;fly; - gz;Gj; njhif ahtUk; - Kw;Wk;ik
fbkplW - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh; tPw;wpUe;j - nganur;rk;
fandLq;fz; - ctikj; njhif tpidg;gpzp - cUtfk;
gtsr;nrt;tha; - ctikj; njhif cyfk; - ,lthFngah;
tphpkyh; - ctikj; njhif jpUe;Jnkhop - tpidj; njhif
Nfhij - ctikahF ngah; thopa - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W
vhpkyh; - ctikj; njhif ahiuAk; - Kw;Wk;ik
nrt;tha; - md;nkhopj; njhif jpiufTs; - tpidj; njhif
,d;duk;G - gz;Gj; njhif $h;kgil - gz;Gj; njhif
Ghpeuk;G - tpidj; njhif fLe;jpwy; - gz;Gj; njhif
nfhs;ghly; - tpidj; njhif cah;rpid - tpidj; njhif
tpLfiz - tpidj; njhif KJkuk; - gz;Gj; njhif
jpz;Nlh; - gz;Gj; njhif fbkfs; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
tbEid - tpidj; njhif ty;tpiue;J - xUnghUl;gd;nkhop
tpsq;nfhsp - tpidj; njhif nfyP,a - nrhy;ypirasngil
mLjpiu - tpidj; njhif ahUk; - Kw;Wk;ik
,d;aho; - gz;Gj; njhif xOFePh; - tpidj; njhif
jlq;fz; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh; ntQ;rpdk; - gz;Gj; njhif
vd - ctk cUG Gidfyk; - tpidj; njhif
xz;nghd; - gz;Gj; njhif vz;nghUs; - gz;Gj; njhif
xUk; - mir Ez;nghUs; - gz;Gj; njhif
fhis - ctk MF ngah; nry - tpidnar;rk;
fko; xjp - md;nkhopj; njhif joP, - nrhy;ypirasngil
jpUe;Jjhh; - tpidj; njhif mjpu - tpidnar;rk;
nrOe;Japy; - gz;Gj; njhif cyF - ,lthFngah;
jpfo;rpuk; - tpidj; njhif <h;tis - tpidj; njhif
FWtis - gz;Gj; njhif ey;Yiu - gz;Gj; njhif
nfhLq;fz; - gz;Gj; njhif cz;fz; - tpidj; njhif
nrt;tha; - gz;Gj; njhif khkJiu - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
rpWnghwp - gz;Gj; njhif ky;yh; kJiu - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
kjpKfk; - ctikj; njhif khQhyk; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
fbeiw - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh; nkha;foy; - tpidj; njhif
kyh;j;jhs; - ctikj; njhif foy; - jhdpahFngah;
nkd;kyh; - gz;Gj; njhif miyfly; - tpidj; njhif
rPwpr;rPwp - mLf;Fj; njhlh; ngUe;jle;Njhs; - gz;Gj; njhif
gLtplk; - tpidj;njhif jle;Njhs; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
nrt;tplk; - gz;Gj; njhif ngUe;jtk; - gz;Gj; njhif
goF ghl;L - tpidj; njhif fspelk; - tpidj; njhif
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

tphpefh; - tpidj; njhif nfhsy; - my; <w;Wj; njhopw;ngah;
fz;zpd; - cUtfk; cilahd; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
ePh;f;fly; cuNthh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
Nfhwy; - njhopw;ngah; va;jhg; gop - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
nghd;db - ctikj; njhif nganur;rk;
Nghh; milahsk; - ck;ikj; njhlh; va;Jth; - glh;f;if gyh;ghy;
kyub - ctikj; njhif tpidKw;W
khkzp - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh; ey;nyhOf;fk;> - gz;Gj; njhiffs;
ifj;jyk; - ,Unganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; jPnahOf;fk;
njhif nrhyy; - njhopw;ngah;
itNty; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh; mUtpid - gz;Gj; njhif
nghopkiw - tpidj; njhif fyq;fhJ - vjph;kiw tpidnar;rk;
ehkNty; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh; E}y; Nehf;fp - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
vd;kfs; - ehd;fhk; njhif
Ntw;Wikj;njhif gopapy;yh - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
thapYk; - vz;Zk;ik kd;dd; nganur;rk;
khspifAk; klf;nfhb - md;nkhopj;njhif
vk;kUq;Fk; - Kw;Wk;ik gluhg;gQ;rt> - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
nra;Fd;W - tpidj; njhif mlq;fhg;gRe; nganur;rq;fs;
Mluq;F - tpidj; njhif Jzp>Njuhkd;dh>
Rw;wpa ghq;fh; - nganur;rk; Vrhr; rpwg;gpd;
NghpQ;rp - gz;Gj; njhif jlf;if - chpr;nrhw; njhlh;
KJ Kurk; - gz;Gj; njhif Gd;fz;> ngUk; - gz;Gj; njhiffs;
cauz;lk; - tpidj; njhif ngah;> mUk;
rpw;wd;id - gz;Gj; njhif ngwy; Gjy;td;>
jho;gpwg;G - tpidj; njhif ngUq;Fb>
me;jp fhiy - ck;ikj; njhif fLq;Nfhy;>
ifk;kiy - cUtfk; nrq;Nfhyd;>
ciwNtq;flk; - tpidj; njhif ed;nkhop
kjptpsf;F - cUtfk; cFePh;> #o;foy;> - tpidj;njhif
Nrtb - gz;Gj; njhif nra;nfhy;yd;
fopnts;sk; - tpidj; njhif mt;T+h; - Nra;ikr;rl;L
glh; Kfpy; - tpidj; njhif tho;jy; - njhopw;ngah;
nrOk;nghd; - gz;Gj; njhif vd;fhy;> - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif
ngUk;G+jk; - gz;Gj; njhif vd;ngah;>
fUQ;rpfuk; - gz;Gj; njhif epd;dfh;> vd;gjp
jq;fj;jPT - cUtfk; GFe;J - tpidnar;rk;
jq;fj;Njhzp - cUtfk; jho;e;j> jsh;e;j - nganur;rq;fs;
nghw;fiu - cUtfk; tUf> jUf> - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W
jq;fj; jpkpq;fyk; - cUtfk; nfLf
Rlnuhsp - tpidj; njhif GjpJ GjpJ> - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
Kjph;kuk; - tpidj; njhif nrhy;yp nrhy;yp
fs;spg;Gjh; - Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj;njhif nre;jkpo; - gz;Gj; njhif
rl;l jpl;lk; - ck;ikj; njhif ryry - ,ul;ilf; fpstp
nrhw;gjk; - xUnghUl;gd;nkhop ePh;Kfpy; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
nghq;F jhkiu - tpidj; njhif cUGk; gaDk;
tpNld; - jd;ik xUik tpidKw;W cld;njhf;f njhif
fhf;f - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W jpiuf;fq;if - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
ghpe;J> njhpe;J - tpidnar;rq;fs; cUGk; cld; njhf;f
,ope;j gpwg;G - nganur;rk; njhif
nfLk; - tpidKw;W ,Ue;j ts;sy; - nganur;rk;
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

te;Jva;jpdhd; - tpidnar;rk; mize;j thfPrh; - nganur;rk;
epd;gzp - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif nghq;F fly; - tpidj;njhif
,iwth - tpsp ngUikawpe;J - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
mioj;jp - Kd;dpiy xUik njhif
tpidKw;W mwe;J> mile;J - tpidnar;rq;fs;
tUf - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W fufkyk; - cUtfk;
gzpe;J> - tpidnar;rq;fs; nghope;jpopa - tpidnar;rk;
tisj;J> ruz fkyk; - cUtfk;
Gijj;J Njrk; - ,lthF ngah;
,Uj;jp - Kd;dpiy te;jth; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
xUiktpidKw;W ew;fwpfs;> - gz;Gj; njhiffs;
NjDk;kPDk; - vz;Zk;ik ,d;dKjk;
khjth; - chpr;nrhw;njhlh; Mf;fp - tpidnar;rk;
mike;j fhjy; - nganur;rk; jha; je;ij - ck;ikj; njhif
rPh;j;jJ - xd;wd; ghy; tpidKw;W ky;yyk; FUj;J - chpr;nrhw; njhlh;
joP,a - nrhy;ypir msngil jPz;bw;W - xd;wd; ghy; tpidKw;W
fhh;Fyhk; - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif Jsq;Fjy; - njhopw;ngah;
czh;j;Jthd; - tpidahyizAk; ngah; nrtpaWj;J> - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
ghh;j;jfz;iz - nganur;rk; G+jp rhj;j njhif
jPh;fpNyd;> - jd;ik xUik mq;fzh; - md;nkhopj;njhif
nra;Fntd; tpidKw;Wfs; Nehf;fp - tpidnar;rk;
jPuhf;fhjyd; - <Wnfl;l vOe;J> nrd;W - tpidnar;rq;fs;
vjph;kiwnganur;rk; gzptplk; - Mwhk; Ntw;wik njhif
kyh;e;j fz;zd; - nganur;rk; Nfsh - nra;ah vd;Dk; tha;g;ghl;L
,dpa ez;g - Fwpg;Gg; nganur;rk; tpidnar;rk;
neLehtha; - gz;Gj;njhif mwdwpe;J> - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
jhkiu eadk; - ctikj;njhif jpwdwpe;J njhiffs;
edpfbJ - chpr;nrhw; njhlh; Njh;e;J - tpidnar;rk;
neLehtha;> - gz;Gj; njhiffs; nfhsy; - my; <w;W tpaq;Nfhs;
neLePh;. tpidKw;W
vd;Daph; - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif cw;wNeha; - nganur;rk;
ed;Djy; - gz;Gj; njhif cwhmik - nra;Aspir msngil
epd;Nfs; - ehd;fhk; Ntw;Wik njhif ngw;wpahh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
nrd;w tl;b - nganurr;rk; nfhsy; - njhopw;ngah;
nra;tpid - tpidj;njhif td;ik - gz;Gg; ngah;
Gd;fz;> - gz;Gj; njhiffs; xOFjy; - njhopw; ngah;
nkd;fz; #o;thh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
Cu - tpspj;njhlh; jf;fhh;> nrw;whh; - tpidahyizAk; ngah;
nghd;Dk; JfpUk; - vz;Zk;ikfs; Jizahh;> - tpidahyizak;
Kj;Jk; gtsKk; Ms;thh; ngah;fs;
kzpAk; ,y;iy - Fwpg;G tpidKw;W
mUtpiy> - gz;Gj; njhiffs; gifnfhsy; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
ed;fyk; njhif
nrynthopah - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; ngha;ah tpsf;F - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiw
top nganur;rk; nganaur;rk;
topf;fiu - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif ,UsWf;Fk; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
cWNtdpy; - chpr;nrhw; njhlh; njhif
ePh;j;jlk; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik mwdPDk;> - ,uz;lhk Ntw;Wik
cUGk; gaDk; jpwdwpe;J njhif
cld;njhf;fnjhif te;j nghUs; - nganur;rk;
ge;jh; - filg;Nghyp -
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nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G nrhw;fs; ,yf;fz Fwpg;G

mwd;> jpwd; - filg;Nghypfs; caph; nrFj;J - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wiknjhif
jd;xd;dhh;> - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif GFf - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W
Nte;jd; nghUs; kyub - ctij;njhif
<d;Fotp - tpidj; njhif ed;W ed;W - mLf;Fj; njhlh;
Fd;Nwwp - Vohk; Ntw;Wik njhif nfhiyg;Gyp - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
xz;nghUs;> - gz;Gj; njhiffs; cUGk; gaDk; cld;
vz;nghUs; njhf;f njhifAk;
fho;g;g - nganur;rk; nghopjU kzp - tpidj; njhif
,aw;wpahh; giz jU kzp - tpidj; njhif
nra;f - tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W tUGdy; - tpidj; njhif
nrWeh; nrUf;F - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif epjp jU ftpif - tpidj; njhif
ew;rq;F - gz;Gj; njhif ,it ,it - mLf;fj; njhlh;
ntz;Fio - gz;Gj; njhif Nehf;fha; - Kd;dpiy xUik
kyh;r;Nrtb - ctikj; njhif tpidKw;W
kPsh Ms; - <W nfl;l vjph;kiw Nfhy;Nehf;fp - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wiknjhif
nganur;rk; jhh;Nte;jd; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik
glh;e;j njz;biu - nganur;rk; cUGk; gaDk; cld;
ejpg;gug;G - Mwhk; Ntw;Wik njhif njhf;f njhifAk;
njhOJ - tpidnar;rk; thOk; Fb - nganur;rk;
jlf;fhp - chpr;nrhw; njhlh; mKjnkhop - ctikj; njhif
neLePh; - gz;Gj; njhif nkhopaKJ - cUtfk;
nghUe;jp - tpidnar;rk; faw;fz; - ctikj; njhif
thp cOit - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik fz;fay; - cUtfk;
cUGk; gaDk; cld; Njd;jkpo; - ctikj; njhif
njhf;f njhifAk; jkpo;j; Njd; - cUtfk;
Gilj;J> kbj;J> - tpidnar;rq;fs; g+tpuy; - ctikj; njhif
epkph;e;J> fple;J tpuy;g+ - cUtfk;
fhy; kbj;J - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wiknjhif tpw;GUtk; - ctikj; njhif
nts;nsapW - gz;Gj; njhif GUttpy; - cUtfk;
ngUq;fphp - gz;Gj; njhif kyh;g;ghjk; - ctikj; njhif
Kjph;e;jNkjp> - nganur;rq;fs; ghj kyh; - cUtfk;
nghjpe;j nka; njd;id kuk; - ,Unganuhl;Lgz;Gnjhif
fitabf;Nfoy; - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik rhiug; ghk;G - ,Unganuhl;Lgz;Gnjhif
cUGk; gaDk; cld; fapyha kiy - ,Unganuhl;Lgz;Gnjhif
njhf;f njhifAk; #yg;gil - ,Unganuhl;Lgz;Gnjhif
nrtpGf - Vohk; Ntw;Wik njhif jtnewp - ,Unganuhl;Lgz;Gnjhif
epd;w Ntq;if - nganur;rk; jpy;iy efh; - ,Unganuhl;Lgz;Gnjhif
nrq;fjph; - gz;Gj; njhif khh;fopj;jpq;fs; - ,Unganuhl;Lgz;Gnjhif
ngUthp - gz;Gj; njhif thuhik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah;
g+jug;gak; - ctij; njhif nry;yhik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah;
thy; Fioj;J - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wiknjhif fhzhik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah;
ngUQ;rpuk; - gz;Gj; njhif Nfshik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah;
jz;lsp - gz;Gj; njhif mwpahik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah;
jpz;bwy; - gz;Gj; njhif ntFshik - vjph;kiwj; njhopw;ngah;
vOe;J> Gijj;J> - tpidnar;rq;fs; GJit - kUc nkhop
tzq;fp NrhzhL - kUc nkhop
ts;Sfph;g;Gyp - ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik ned;dy; - kUc nkhop
cUGk; gaDk; cld; mUke;j - kUc nkhop
njhf;f njhifAk; Kd;wpy; - ,yf;fzg; Nghyp
edpkdk; - chpr;nrhy; njhlh; thapy; - ,yf;fzg; Nghyp
rpuKfk; - ck;ikj; njhif kPfz; - ,yf;fzg; Nghyp
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nghUs; vjph;r;nrhy;
vjph;r;nrhy; nks;s x tpiue;J
me;j x ,e;j
nghUs; vjph;r;nrhy; mq;F x ,q;F
cs; x ntsp kyh;e;J x $k;gp
xsp x ,Us; cz;ik x ngha;
nka; x ngha; mkph;jk; x eQ;R
tpz; x kz; gok; x fha;
,uT x gfy; ngUfp x RUq;fp
gpwh; x jkh; epiwe;j x Fiwe;j
,dpa x ,d;dhj ngUik x rpWik
fdp x fha; nrd;W x te;J
kwg;gJ x epidg;gJ jiy x fhy;
ed;W x jPJ cjpj;J x kiwe;J
md;Nw x ,d;Nw Xq;Fk; x jhOk;
cs; x ntsp mkpo;J x eQ;R
,fo;jy; x Gfo;jy; Njhw;wk; x kiwT
jiy x fil ,aw;if x nraw;if
Kw;gfy; x gpw;gfy; nrq;Nfhy; x nfhLq;Nfhy;
nka; x ngha; mg;gh x mk;kh
ngUik x rpWik vOe;jpU x mkh;e;jpL
el;G x gif murd; x murp
rpy x gy fpof;F x Nkw;F
nky;y x tpiue;J Nfhop x Nrty;
Nja;th; x tsh;th; gR x fhis
ey;yhh; x my;yhh; rPf;fpuk; x nkJtha;
cz;L x ,y;iy Ntz;Lk; x Ntz;lh
fhL x ehL vspNahh; x typNahh;
epw;Fk; x mkUk; Gfo; x ,fo;
mit x ,it ntd;W x Njhw;W
ey;y x nfl;l tpUk;gp x ntWj;J
eL x Xuk; ,y;iy x cz;L
thb x jsph;j;J fhj;jy; x mopj;jy;
cwT x gif kfpo x tUe;j
xl;b x tpyfp nfhQ;rk; x kpFjp
Nky; x fPo; tho;e;jpLNthk; x tPo;e;jpLNthk;
Vwp x ,wq;fp vLg;gh; x nfhLg;gh;
cs; x ntsp kfpOk; x tUe;Jk;
mizj;jy; x Vw;Wjy; itg;Nghk; x vLg;Nghk;
mz;il x may; epWj;jp x njhlq;fp
jiyth; x jiytp fhj;jpL x mopj;jpL
epiwa x Fiwa Nghw;W x J}w;W
rpy x gy ed;ik x jPik
tPo;e;j x vOe;j Jd;gk; x ,d;gk;
,lk; x tyk; Njhod; x Njhop
mfw;w x Nrh;f;f tha;ik x ngha;ik
gpd; x Kd; epkph;e;J x Fdpe;J
ngha; x nka; epiwT x FiwT
kiwe;jJ x Njhd;wpaJ Vw;wk; x ,wf;fk;
nkJtha; x Ntfkha; xope;JtpLk; x Njhd;wptpLk;
,J x mJ Gfo; x ,fo;
ePl;b x klf;fp tsh;e;jdh; x jsh;e;jdh;
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nghUs; vjph;r;nrhy; nghUs; vjph;r;nrhy;

mspj;jdh; x gwpj;jdh; Nkiy x fPio
kfpo;r;rp x tUj;jk; Ntfkha; x nkJtha;
may;ehL x cs;ehL Mo;e;j x Nkk;Nghf;fhd
Nghw;wp x J}w;wp ez;gh; x gifth;
Kd;dh; x gpd;dh; thq;fp x nfhLj;J
,y;iy x cz;L Mf;fk; x mopT
rphpj;jdh; x mOjdh; ,aYk; x ,ayhJ
njhlq;fpdh; x Kbj;jdh; mb x Kb
,sik x KJik je;ij x jha;
FiwT x epiwT epw;Fk; x nry;Yk;
rpyh; x gyh; gutp x RUq;fp
jho;T x cah;T ,d;gk; x Jd;gk;
,y;ywk; x Jwtwk; ,d;dh x ,dpa
gpwe;jth; x ,we;jth; Ke;jp x gpe;jp
rpw;W}h; x Ng&h; jpid x gid
ntw;wp x Njhy;tp ey;yhh; x jPahh;
ey;y gz;Gfs; x jPa gz;Gfs; Ntw;Wik x xw;Wik
njhlf;fk; x KbT twpahh; x nry;th;
kidtp x fztd; Nghw;wp x J}w;wp
Mz; x ngz; ngUfy; x RUq;fy;
fw;Nwhh; x fy;yhh; Mo x kpjg;g
Kjd;ik x ,Wjp xLq;fp x epkph;e;J
nry;td; x Vio KbtJ x njhlq;FtJ
nghpNahh; x rpwpNahh; nte;ePh; x jz;zPh;
tho;T x jho;T ve;ij x Ee;ij
fdpfs; x fha;fs; ,ug;ghh; x <thh;
Gd;nra; x ed;nra; ,d;nrhy; x td;nrhy;
fhl;Ltop x ehl;Ltop nghq;Fk; x jhOk;
kWj;jhh; x cld;gl;lhh; Nfz;ik x gifik
%lg;gl;ld x jpwf;fg;gl;ld ed;W x jPJ
ePz;lJ x FWfpaJ jsph; x rUF
tpUk;gp x ntWj;J Mjp x me;jk;
mwnewp x kwnewp Mq;F x <q;F
tWik x tsik NkNyha; x fPNoha;
ed;newp x jPnewp gw;gy x rpw;rpy
ed;W x jPJ th x Ngh
mhpa nray; x vspa nray; may; x cwT
tpOjy; x vOjy; ,d;Gw x Jd;Gw
$b x gphpe;J Nfs;tp x gjpy;
mwk; x kwk; Ngij x Nkij
jiyahaJ x filahaJ nrk;ik x fUik
RUf;F x tphpthf;F njd;jpir x tljpir
cah;e;j x jho;e;j VFtPh; x tUtPh;
kwf;f x epidf;f nkype;J x gUj;J
vspJ x fbdk;> mhpJ neUq;fp x tpyfp
mfk; x Gwk; kyUk; x $k;Gk;
ePf;fp x Nrh;j;J kjpahh; x kjpg;gth;
gpQ;R x Kw;wy; kpjpahh; x kpjpg;gth;
rpWtd; x rpWkp cz;zhjhh; x cz;gth;
mwpQh; x %ld; Ngrhjhh; x NgRgth;
GJnkhop x gonkhop epidj;J x kwe;J
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nghUs; vjph;r;nrhy; nghUs; vjph;r;nrhy;

nfhQ;rk; x kpFjp thba x jioj;j
Ntw;Wik x xw;Wik je;eyk; x gpwh; eyk;
ePl;L x klf;F cau x jho
,izf;Fk; x gphpf;Fk; mz;ikapy; x njhiytpy;
epiyf;Fk; x tPOk; Fl;il x nel;il
fhj;jpLNthk; x mopj;jpLNthk; fl;Ljy; x mtpo;jy;
tho x tPo cs;spUe;J x ntspapypUe;J
gFjp x KOik Nrhfk; x kfpo;r;rp
njhFj;J x gFj;J Kjypy; x filrpapy;
gioik x GJik jz;zPh; x nte;ePh;
gpw;fhyk; x Kw;fhyk; ehfhpfk; x mehfhpfk;
tphpthf x RUf;fkhf ngUksT x rpwpjsT
tlnkhop x njd;nkhop ey;yJ x nfl;lJ
ed;ndwp x Gd;ndwp ntg;gk; x jl;gk;
ngw;whh; x ,oe;jhh; gonkhop x GJnkhop
jtwhf x rhpahf cr;rpapy; x mbapy;
Gfo; x ,fo; J}q;fp x tpopj;J
Kjpath; x ,isath; may; ehl;by; x cs; ehl;by;
njhiytpy; x mUfpy; kfsph; x Mlth;
tho;fpNwhk; x tPo;fpNwhk; <jy; x Vw;wy;
gw;wpaJ x tpyfpaJ tpyfp x Nrh;e;J
ntd;wth; x Njhw;wth; ,utyh; x Gutyh;
gpd;dh; x Kd;dh; epiwT x FiwT
njhlq;fp x Kbj;J mkh;f x vOf
Nghw;wp x J}w;wp cj;jkh; x mjkh; kw;Wk; ,ope;jth;
RNjrp x tpNjrp ,k;gh; x ck;gh;
vOr;rp x tPo;r;rp M^c x kf^c
jho;j;jp x cah;j;jp eir x ntWg;G
tsh;e;jJ x jsh;e;jJ jpj;jpg;G x frg;G
nrhe;jk; x me;epak; jd;dyk; x nghJeyk;
Fiwf;fg;gl;L x epiwf;fg;gl;L rhd;Nwhh; x rhyhh;
nghd;nkhop x Gd;nkhop $k;gy; x kyh;jy;
kfpo;tJ x tUe;JtJ Fd;wy; x kpFjy;
,d;dhJ x ,dpaJ xJq;fy; x Nrh;jy;
,fo;r;rp x Gfo;r;rp nfsit x ,d;gk; kw;Wk; mikjp
Njhd;wpk;gb x kiwAk;gb xhP, x xUthJ
frg;G x ,dpg;G jPAop x Jwf;fk;
mUfpy; x njhiytpy; kUTf x xUTf
rpWtd; x rpWkp epug;Gjy; x tbj;jy;
mfykhd x FWfyhd Nghf;F x tuj;J
NgUe;J x rpw;We;J gPL x rpWik
Kd;gf;fk; x gpd;gf;fk; g+hpahh; x NkNyhh;
,wq;f x Vw gFgjk; x gfhgjk;
tyg;Gwk; x ,lg;Gwk; ntd;wik x ,oe;jik
jtW x rhp itj;jhh; x itahh;
rpw;W}h; x Ng&h; Ntwy; x Njhw;wy;
gioikahd x GJikahd itjy; x Gfo;jy;
NkdhL x fPioehL ntg;gk; x jl;gk;
Kd;Ndw;wk; x gpd;Ndw;wk; mty; x kpir
Njwpdhh; x jtwpdhh; nt/fhj x ntWf;fhj
fhiy x khiy jtk; x mtk;
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nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy;
gphpj;J vOJjy;
vOJjy; mw;nwd;wiyg;ghDk; - Mw;W + vd;W+miyg;ghDk;
tuTz;ik - tuT + cz;ik
nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy; nfhq;fyh;jhh; - nfhq;F + myh; + jhh;
ehnly;yhk; - ehL + vyhk; ntz;Fil - ntz;ik + Fil
ey;Funthopa - ey;FuT + xopa mq;fd; - mk; + fz;
tPnld - tPL + vd cyfspj;jyhd; - cyF + mspj;jyhd;
jpUtUs; - jpU + mUs; nghw;Nfhl;LNkW - nghd; + NfhL + NkU
epfuw;w - epfh; + mw;w mtdsp - mtd; + msp
xspad;d - xsp + md;d goq;Fb - goik + Fb
kiwtw;w - kiwT + mw;w nghJtW - nghJik + mW
ey;ywk; - ed;ik + mwk; tz;if - tz;ik + if
,t;tpuz;L - , + ,uz;L jPjpyh - jPJ + ,yh
mJty;yhJ}jpak; - mJ + my;yJ + Cjpak; <uhwhz;L - ,uz;L + MW + Mz;L
,uhg;ghh;f;nfhd;wPthh; - ,uhg;ghh;f;F + xd;W + <thh; Nghjpyhh; - NghJ + ,y; + Mh;
cyfj;Jah;e;j - cyfj;J + cah;e;j tbnthd;Wk; - tbT + vd;Wk;
epw;gnjhd;wpy - epw;gJ + xd;W + ,y; ngUq;Fzk; - ngUik + Fzk;
Gj;NjSyF - Gj;Njs; + cyF gpwh;f;fhh;j;J - gpwh;f;F + Mh;j;J
csjhFk; - csJ + MFk; <nul;lhz;L - ,uz;L + vl;L + Mz;L
tpj;jfh;f;fy;yhy; - tpj;jfh;f;F + my;yhy; nrt;Nts; - nrk;ik + Nts;
je;Nehthh; - jk; + Nehth; nfhz;Nlj;Jk; - nfhz;L + Vj;Jk;
Nehtnjtd; - NehtJ + vtd; ngUehs; - ngUik + ehs;
tirnad;g - tir + vd;g kztzp - kzk; + mzp
itaj;jhh;f;nfy;yhk; - itaj;jhh;f;F + vy;yhk; mzpapioahh; - mzp + ,ioahh;
tz;gad; - tz;ik + gad; fpspj;njhspUk; - fpspj;J + xspUk;
tirnahopa - tir + xopa fUepwj;juf;fpah; - fUik + epwj;J + muf;fpah;
fhf;fpndd; - fhf;fpd; + vd; epwj;J - epwk; + mj;J
,y;yjdpd; - ,y; + mjdpd; vw;fpiae;j - vy; + F + ,iae;j
,dnkd;Dk; - ,dk; + vd;Dk; flw;Wiz - fly; + Jiz
epyj;jiwe;jhd; - epyj;J + miwe;jhd; mUKUtpdy; - mUik + cUtpd; + ey;
,znuhp - ,zh; + vhp ey;ypyf;fzk; - ed;ik + ,yf;fzk;
Njha;td;d - Njha;T + md;d fkyf;fz;zdhh; - fkyk; + fz;zd; + Mh;
cs;spanjy;yhk; - cs;spaJ + vy;yhk; mutiz - muT + miz
clnda;Jk; - cld; + va;Jk; tPbdjw;wd; - tPbdJ + md;W + mwd;
,we;jhuidah; - ,we;jhh; + midah; khRz;l - khR + cz;l
rpWgil - rpWik + gil ntq;fjph; - ntk;ik + fjph;
,ynudpDk; - ,yh; + vdpDk; mwj;Jf;fPWz;Nlh - mwj;Jf;F + <W + cz;Nlh
xl;lyhpJ - xl;ly; + mhpJ mwj;Jf;F - mwk; + mj;J + F
m/jpy;yhh; - m/J + ,y;yhh; nghw;Gak; - nghd; + Gak;
cilaJilaNuh - cilaJ + cilaNuh ahtjpq;fpdpr;nray; - ahtJ +,q;F+ ,dp+nray;
nghUSilik - nghUs; + cilik Nfopyhs; - Nfo; + ,yhs;
,oe;Njnkd;W - ,oe;Njhk; + vd;W cWnkd;Wd;dpNdd; - cWk;+ vd;W+ cd;dpNdd;
Cf;fKilahd; - cf;fk; + cilahd; ntq;fdy; - ntk;ik + fdy;
nts;sj;jida - nts;sk; + mj;J + mida kdj;jtk; - kdk; + jtk;
cah;Ts;sy; - cah;T + cs;sy; ey;tpid - ed;ik + tpid
cunkhUtw;F - cuk; + xUtd; + F mJtyh; - mJ + mth;
fhuhz;ik - fhh; + Mz;ik xUth;f;fPJwfd; - xUth;f;F + <J + cWfz;
gy;nghUzPq;fpa - gy + nghUs; + ePq;fpa nghd;wpzp - nghd; + jpzp
ey;tpd;wp - ed;ik + tpid neLkuk; - neLik + kuk;
jho;tpd;wp - jho;T + ,d;wp G+Q;Nrhiy - G+ + Nrhiy
gy;nghUs; - gy + nghUs; <z;bdpahd; - <z;L + ,dp + ahd;
nry;tKilf;Fk; - nry;tk; + cilf;Fk; fhz;lF - fhz; + jF
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nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy; nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy;

Nrtb - Nrk;ik + mb mfpynkq;Fk; - mfpyk; + vq;Fk;
ntt;tpUg;ghzp - ntk;ik + ,Uk;G + Mzp vdf;fpisa - vdf;F + ,isa
kw;wpuz;L - kw;W + ,uz;L tpe;ij kiy - tpe;jpak; + kiy
FUNrw;wp - FUR + Vw;wp nrhy;yhpa - nrhy; + mhpa
jd;dhpa - jd; + mhpa ehQ;rpdhl;L - ehQ;rpy; + ehl;L
ve;jha; - vk; + jha; nrypdq;fs; - nry; + ,dq;fs;
,j;jifa - , + jifa kiynaq;fs; - kiy + vq;fs;
kdeyk; - kdk; + eyk; gok;ghly; - goik + ghly;
,Ug;GKid - ,Uk;G + Kid jPe;jkpo; - jPk; + jkpo;
<z;btNu - <z;L + ,tNu eWQ;Rit - eWik + Rit
gq;fpl;lhh; - gq;F + ,l;lhh; fpoq;ifafo;e; - fpoq;if + mfo;e;J +
NflzT - NfL + mzT njLf;Fk; vLf;Fk;
gy;A+jh; - gy + A+jh; Nfhapw;Nfw;Wk; - Nfhapw;F + Vw;wk;
Gd;kdj;jh; - Gd;ik + kdj;jh; jpUTs;sj;jpyoF - jpU + cs;sj;jpy; + moF
ty;YUf;fpd; - td;ik + cUf;F + ,d; capNuhtpaNk - caph; + xtpaNk
nfhLkdk; - nfhLik + kdk; Fow;fhNle;Jkps - Foy; + fhL + Ve;Jk; + ,s
mUl;bwk; - mUs; + jpwk; jkpOf;FjT - jkpOf;F + cjT
Xh;e;njhLq;Fk; - xh;e;J + xUq;Fk; mz;zhkiyf; - mz;zhkiyf;F +
,iae;Joe;Jk; - ,ize;J + coe;Jk; fD$yd; mD$yd;
ekf;fPJ - ekf;F + <J Kj;jkpo; - %d;W + jkpo;
nfhLtpid - nfhLik + kdk; gok;ngUk;G+kp - goik + ngUik + G+kp
kw;wpjid - kw;W + ,jid ePujd; - ePh; + mjd;
td;neQ;Nrha; - td;ik + neQ;R + Xa;(Ma;) epidtfw;whjPh; - epidT + mfw;whjPh;
khrZfh - khR + mZfh ghh;f;nfy;yhk; - ghh;f;F + vy;yhk;
ew;wtd; - ed;ik + jtd; ,izapyh - ,iz + ,yh
ehz;KOtJk; - ehs; + KOtJk; ,d;dUk; nghopy; - ,dpik + mUik+ nghopy;
ewKQw;wp - kwk; + cQw;wp ,itAz;L - ,it + cz;L
epw;gjpy;iy - epw;gJ + ,y;iy jhDz;nld;Nghd; - jhd; + cz;L + vd;Nghd;
cyfhSk; - cyF + MSk; rpd;dnjhU - rpd;dJ + xU
cz;zpfo; - cs; + epfo; gadw;w - gad; + mw;w
ez;Ztjpy;iy - ez;ZtJ + ,y;iy fd;dylh - fd;dy; + mlh
fiukPNjwp - fiu + kPJ + Vwp JtiuAs;sk; - Jtiu + cs;sk;
Fiwe;jpopjy; - Fiwe;J + ,opjy; xd;Wz;L - xd;W + cz;L
eae;jspj;jy; - eae;J + mspj;jy; mtuth; - mth; + mth;
Nth;f;Nfhl; Gytpd; - Nth; + Nfhs; + gytpd; thahb - tha; + mb
ahu/jwpe;jprpNdhh; - ahh; + m/J+mwpe;jprpNdhh; ifab - if + mb
J}q;fpahq;fpts; - J}q;fpahq;F + ,ts; md;Gs;sk; - md;G + cs;sk;
tPl;bypUe;J - tPL + ,Ue;J njhy;Yyfk; - njhd;ik + cyfk;
tpbasTk; - tpb + msTk; kf;fnsy;yhk; - kf;fs; + vy;yhk;
fhl;byOk; - fhl;by; + mOk; jhAs;sk; - jha; + cs;sk;
Ngnad;whs; - Nga; + vd;whs; rz;ilapy;iy - rz;il + ,y;iy
ehpnad;whs; - ehp + vd;whs; jd;dyk; - jd; + eyk;
ehnad;whs; - eha; + vd;whs; nra;fjpNuhd; - nrk;ik + fjpNuhd;
ePnad;Nwd; - eP + vd;Nwd; kiyapilapy; - kiy + ,ilapy;
fapiynaDk; - fapiy + vDk; xspf;nfjpNu - xspf;F + vjpNu
tlkiy - tlf;F + kiy ikapUl;L - ik + ,Ul;L
fdfkfhNkU - fdfk; + kfh + NkW ife;ePl;Lk; - if + ePl;Lk;
njd;kiy - njw;F + kiy fPo;j;jpir - fpof;F + jpir
tpisAkiy - tpisAk; + kiy ,q;nfhd;Wk; - ,q;F + xd;Wk;
tapuKld; - tapuk; + cld; ijj;jpq;fs; - ij + jpq;fs;
JapYkth; - JapYk; + mth; ikj;jlq;fz; - ik + jl + fz;
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy; nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy;

Njh;e;njLf;Fk; - Njh;e;J + vLf;Fk; tpz;zhjp - tpz; + Mjp
gl;lhil - gl;L + Mil G+jnkyhk; - G+jk; + vyhk;
Chpl;l - Ch; + ,l;l fz;ltd;gh; - fz;l + md;gh;
Qhdj;jj;Jtq;fs; - Qhdk; + jj;Jtq;fs; mUlid - mUs; + jid
MFtJz;Nlh - MFtJ + cz;Nlh nre;jkpo; - nrk;ik + jkpo;
kz;Zyfpd; - kz; + cyfpd; njd;dhL - njw;F + ehL
nghw;fdit - nghd; + fdit tz;lkpo; - tz;ik + jkpo;
gw;wpajd;wp - gw;wpaJ + md;wp ed;nkhop - ed;ik + nkhop
Nguz;lq;fs; - ngUik + mz;lq;fs; jdpj;jkpo; - jdp + jkpo;
tpz;Zyfk; - tpz; + cyfk; jz;lkpo; - jz;ik + jkpo;
ntw;wpf;nfhb - ntw;wp + nfhb thdpd;W - thd; + epd;W
fspnts;sk; - fsp + nts;sk; jhdkpo;jk; - jhd; + mkpo;jk;
J}a;ikahf - J}a;ik + Mf vd;Wzuw;ghw;W - vd;W + czuw;ghw;W
ntw;wplkpd;wp - ntWik + ,lk; + ,d;wp Jg;gha - Jg;G + Ma
fjpf;fpahJNkhh; - fjpf;F + ahJk; + xh; Jg;ghf;fp - Jg;G + Mf;fp
Fiwtpiy - FiwT + ,y;iy tpaDyfk; - tpad; + cyfk;
ey;y/JWk; - ed;ik + m/J + cSk; epd;Wlw;Wk; - epd;W + clw;Wk;
Ntq;flkhkiy - Ntq;flk; + kh + kiy tsq;Fd;wp - tsk; + Fd;wp
Kbnta;JfhWk; - KbT + va;JfhWk; kw;whq;Nf - kw;W + Mq;Nf
jdf;nfd;W - jdf;F + vd;W gRk;Gy; - gRik + Gy;
cWjpf;Foe;jhd; - Cjpf;F + coe;jhd; fhz;ghpJ - fhz;G + mhpJ
mtd;whs; - mtd; + jhs; neLq;fly; - neLik + fly;
te;jirg;g - te;J + mirg;g jbe;njopyp - jbe;J + vopyp
ntz;rhkiu - ntz;ik + rhkiu thNdhh;f;F kPz;L - thNdhh;f;Fk; + <z;L
nre;jhkiu - nrk;ik + jhkiu jtkpuz;Lk; - jtk; + ,uz;Lk;
vd thq;F - vd + Mq;F toq;fhnjdpd; - toq;fhJ + vdpd;
kdnkhopnka; - kdk; + nkhop + nka; ePhpd;wikahJ - ePhpd;W + mikahJ
njhlh;e;njik - njhlh;e;J + v(k;)ik mikahJynfdpd; - mikahJ + cyF + vdpd;
thdfj;jpUe;j - thd; + mfj;J + ,Ue;j thdpd;wikahJ - thd; + ,d;W + mikahJ
nrq;fl;fiy - nrk;ik + fz; + fiy mikahnjhOf;F - mikahJ + xOf;F
njhlh;e;njik - njhlh;e;J + vik ahnjdpd; - ahJ + vdpd;
ke;jhepyk; - ke;j + mepyk; ahnjhd;Wk; - ahJ + xd;Wk;
Nguz;lq;fs; - ngUik + mz;lq;fs; tha;ikaplj;j - tha;ik + ,lj;j
ikj;jlq;fz; - ik + jl + fz; neQ;rwptJ - neQ;R + mwptJ
xspf;nfjpNu - xspf;F + vjpNu ngha;ahnjhOfpd; - ngha;ahJ + xOfpd;
njhy;Yyfk; - njd;ik + cyfk; jhdQ;nra;thh; - jhdk; + nra;thh;
jhDz;nld;Nghd; - jhd; + cz;L + vd;Nghd; Gfopy;iy - Gfo; + ,y;iy
gok;ngUk; g+kp - goik + ngUik + G+kp Gwe;J}a;ik - Gwk; + J}a;ik
epidtfw;whjPh; - epidT + mfw;whjPh; mfe;J}a;ik - mfk; + J}a;ik
jkpOf;FjT - jopOf;F + cjT tpsf;fy;y - tpsf;F + my;y
eWQ;Rit - eWik + Rit vidj;njhd;Wk; - vidj;J + xd;Wk;
jpUTs;sj;jpyoF - jpU + cs;sj;jpy; + moF GfnohL - Gfo; + xL
Nfhapw;Nfw;wk; - Nfhapw;F + Vw;Wk; vd;Dkth; - vd;Dk; + mth;
fhl;byOk; - fhl;by; + mOk; ,Lf;fl;gbDk; - ,Lf;fz; + gbDk;
J}q;fpahq;fpts; - J}q;fp + Mq;F + ,ts; eLf;fw;w - eLf;F + mw;w
Nth;Nfhl; gytpd; - Nth; + Nfhs; + gytpd; fhl;rpath; - fhl;rp + mth;
vk;kNdhh;f;Nf - vk; + mNdhh;f;Nf vw;nwd;W - vw;W + vd;W
fiukPNjwp - fiu + kPJ + Vwp kw;wd;d - kw;W + md;d
Fiwe;jpopjy; - Fiwe;J + ,opjy; fbe;njhuhh; - fbe;J + Xuhh;
<z;bdpahy; - <z;L + ,dp + ahd; gpw;gaf;Fk; - gpd; + gaf;Fk;
ntt;tpUk;ghzp - ntk;ik + ,Uk;G + Mzp nra;Nj khh;j;jy; - nra;J + vkhh;j;jy;
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy; nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy;

gRkz; - gRik + kz; fl;Lz;Nlhk; - fl;L + cz;Nlhk;
kl;fyj;Js; - kz; + fyj;J + cs; ngz;zurp - ngz; + murp
nga;jphP,aw;W - nga;J + ,hP, + mw;W toq;Ftjpe;newp - toq;FtJ + ,e;newp
khrw - khR + mw tPNlJ - tPL + VJ
epyj;Jf;fzp - epyj;Jf;F + mzp Jwe;jpq;Nf - Jwe;J + ,q;Nf
tPnwa;Jk; - tPW + va;Jk; cyfpjid - cyF + ,jid
jdf;fzp - jdf;F + mzp nrt;thdk; - nrk;ik + thdk;
fhykwpe;J - fhyk; + mwpe;J gopap/J - gop + ,/J
ed;wpd;ghYa;j;J - ed;wpd;ghy; + ca;j;J ,d;Daph; - ,dpik + caph;
ts;sd;ik - ts;sy; + jd;ik fpspapdk; - fpsp + ,dk;
jkuy;yhh; - jkh; + my;yhh; igq;fpsp - gRik + fpsp
Mapio - Ma; + ,io jkpoir - jkpo; + ,ir
jftpyd;; - jfT + ,yd; G+Q;rpid - G+ + rpid
ifj;J}z; - if + mj;J + Cz; Fuq;fpdk; - Fuq;F + ,dk;
nry;Top - nry; + cop nghyq;if - nghyk; + if
Ke;ePh; - %d;W + ePh; Kg;gok; - %d;W + gok;
ed;kuk; - ed;ik + kuk; flw;wpilah; - flW + ,ilah;
ngUq;fly; - ngUik + fly; Nghubj;jpLk; - Nghh; + mbj;jpLk;
xs;soy; - xz;ik + moy; Nfl;Lio - Nfl;L + cio
Gf;Fop - GF + cop KJntapy; - KJik + ntapy;
xs;nshp - xz;ik + vhp ey;tsk; - ed;ik + tsk;
mUk;ngwy; - mUik + ngwy; ntk;ghiy - ntk;ik + ghiy
gy;ypahz;L - gy + Mz;L nfhLthp - nfhLik + thp
ngUe;Jd;gk; - ngUik + Jd;gk; ntQ;Ruk; - ntk;ik + Ruk;
Kl;lhs; - Kl;L + M + Ms; Jbapil - Jb + ,il
fbjPq;F - fbJ + <q;F glUw - glh; + cw
G+q;nfhb - G+ + nfhb fy;ypil - fy; + ,il
tyq;nfhz;L - tyk; + nfhz;L ePufk; - ePh; + mfk;
MUaph; - mUik + caph; nre;ney; - nrk;ik + ney;
kidafk; - kid + mfk; igk;Gdy; - gRik + Gdy;
ghufk; - ghh; + mfk; ngUkzy; - ngUik + kzy;
ehd;kiw - ehd;F + kiw jz;nzd - jz; + vd
%J}h; - KJik + Ch; tpiue;jirAk; - tpiue;J + mirAk;
mUkiw - mUik + kiw mt;Ntis - m + Ntis
vt;tif - v + tif ghl;nlOjp - ghl;L + vOjp
rpe;ijahw;wpul;b - rpe;ijahy; + jpul;b kWtw;w - kW + mw;w
nghUl;NgW - nghUs; + NgW KOepyT - KOik + epyT
ed;dhs; - ed;ik + ehs; nrw;wd;whapDk; - nrw;wd;W + MapDk;
Nfhapdpuk;gpl - Nfhapy; + epuk;gpl nrw;wd;W - nrw;W + md;W
fw;wsp - fy; + jsp nraph;j;jd;W - nraph;j;J + md;W
ngUQ;nry;tk; - ngUik + nry;tk; ca;tpd;W - ca;T + ,d;W
ePlhyak; - ePL + Myak; ifnjhOnjj;jp - ifnjhOJ + Vj;jp
vz;bir - vl;L + jpir ,ue;jd;whfy; - ,ue;jd;W + Mfy;
Nfhapy; - Nfh + ,y; nghye;jhh; - nghyk; + jhh;
kfspUz;L - kfsph; + cz;L kz;lkh; - kz;L + mkh;
mq;Nfhh; - mq;F + xh; jpz;Nlh; - jpz; + Njh;
Nghtjpy;iy - NghtJ + ,y;;iy flf;Fe;jhid - flf;Fk; + jhid
nghWj;jpUe;Njhk; - nghWj;J + ,Ue;Njhk; Ks;shW - Ks; + MW
itj;jpoe;jhd; - itj;J + ,oe;jhd; fy;yhW - fy; + MW
jPawpT - jPik + mwpT thsgad; - ths; + mgad;
Nkd;NkYk; - NkYk; + NkYk; mj;jiu - m + jiu
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy; nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy;

cte;Jiuf;Fk; - cte;J + ciuf;Fk; kyub - kyh; + mb
tpz;zg;gKz;L - tpz;zg;gk; + cz;L fhl;nld;Wk; - fhl;L + vd;Wk;
nfhLg;gha;fFw - nfhLg;gha;f;F + cwT + CDila - Cd; + cila
ntd;W vd;W gy;Yaph;f;Fk; - gy + caph;f;Fk;
%d;wpdeJKz;Nlh - %d;W + ,dj;Jk; + czh;thpa - czh;T + mhpa
cz;Nlh QhdnkDk; - Qhdk; + vDk;
jpwnky;yhk; - jpwk; + vy;yhk; epd;nwd;Wk; - epd;W + vd;Wk;
rpe;njd;W - rpe;J + vd;W vt;tplj;Jk; - v + ,lj;Jk;
Kw;Wzh;e;j - Kw;W + czh;e;j ve;ehSk; - v + ehSk;
Kf;Fzk; - %d;W + Fzk; tl;lg;gyif - tl;lk; + gyif
E}Wilaha; - E}W + cilaha; goj;Njhy; - gok; + Njhy;
njhs;sKJ - njhz;ik + mKJ mfyf;fpzW - mfyk; + fpzW
Nguz;lk; - ngUik + mz;lk; ePse;jhz;Ljy; - ePsk; + jhz;Ljy;
Kd;wpy; - Kd; + ,y; Gwq;$Wjy; - Gwk; + $Wjy;
tz;lypl;NlhLk; - tz;lypl;L + xLk; eLtpfe;jhk; - eLT + ,fe;J + Mk;
nghd;ndapy; - nghd; + vapy; mike;njhUghy; - mike;J + xU + ghy;
vapy; - va; + ,y; rhd;Nwhh;f;fzp - rhd;Nwhh;f;F + mzp
nrz;lyq;fhuh; - nrz;L + myq;fhuh; jpUr;nrw;W - jpU + nrw;W
vLj;njwpa - vLj;J + vwpa jPAop - jP + cop
fLQ;#y; - fLik + #y; el;ghly; - el;G + Mly;
tpiyAz;L - tpiy + cz;L jq;Fw;wk; - jk; + Fw;wk;
juKz;L - juk; + cz;L jPJz;Nlh - jPJ + cz;Nlh
flyiy - fly; + miy mUl;nry;tk; - mUs; + nry;tk;
vl;lf;fuj;jpdhy; - vl;L + mf;fuj;jpdhy; nghUl;nry;tk; - nghUs; + nry;tk;
Ntiyahh;tjpdhy; - Ntiy + Mh;tjpdhy; mUspyhh;f;F - mUs; + ,yhh;f;F
mfz;lkhf;F - mfz;lk; + Mf;F mt;Tyfk; - m + cyfk;
rq;fkkhf;F - rq;fkk; + Mf;F nghUspyhh;f;Fk; - nghUs; + ,yhh;f;F
ehndd;W - ehd; + vd;W ,t;Tyfk; - , + cyfk;
gphptpiy - gphpT + ,y;iy ,y;yhfpahq;F - ,y; + Mfp + Mq;F
Ngjkpy;iy - Ngjk; + ,y;iy epy;jpay;ghy; - epyj;J + ,ay;ghy;
$Wjw;fpy;iy - $Wjw;F + ,y;iy ,dj;jpay;gJ - ,dj;J + ,ay;G + mJ
Jzpe;jpq;F - Jzpe;J + ,q;F ey;ypdk; - ed;ik + ,dk;
md;ngDk; - md;G + vd;Dk; Jizapy;iy - Jiz + ,y;iy
mLg;gfj;Njw;wp - mLg;G + mfj;J + Vw;wp jPapdk; - jPik + ,dk;
gOjpyh - gOJ + ,yh md;gwpT - md;G + mwpT
cOjplh - cOJ + ,lh mthtpd;ik - mth + ,d;ik
xg;gw;w - xg;G + mw;w ed;Filahd; - ed;F + cilahd;
Nghpd;gk; - ngUik + ,d;gk; fiue;Jz;Zk; - fiue;J + cz;Zk;
Jd;GWj;Jk; - Jd;G + cWj;Jk; ,ay;ngd;ghd; - ,ay;G + vd;ghd;
Gj;JyF - GJik + cyF jifatha; - jif + mtha;
gfnyy;yhk; - gfy; + vy;yhk; nkhoptjhk; - nkhoptJ + Mk;
Mjpf;fj;Jah;e;j - Mjpf;fj;J + cah;e;j tpidahf;fp - tpid + Mf;fp
eff;fz; - efk; + fz; gifafj;J - gif + mfj;J
mOf;fpy;yhky; - mOf;F + ,y;yhky; nghUsy;ytiu - nghUs; + my;ytiu
eWf;nfd;W - eWf;F + vd;W nghUshf - nghUs; + Mf
xa;tpd;wp - xa;T + ,d;wp nghUsy;yJ - nghUs; + my;yJ
cioj;Jioj;Nj - cioj;J + cioj;Nj khrw;whh; - khR + mw;whh;
tpsq;fpw;wq;Nf - tpsq;fpw;W + mq;Nf xd;wPj;Jk; - xd;W + <j;Jk;
njd;Kid - njw;F + Kid xg;gpy;yhh; - xg;G + ,yhh;
khDlg;Nghh; - khDlh; + Nghh; kf;fl;gz;G - kf;fs; + gz;G
ngUepyk; - ngUik + epyk; gz;gpyhd; - gz;G + ,yhd;
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy; nrhw;fs; gphpj;jwpjy;

ngUQ;nry;tk; - ngUik + nry;tk; jj;jk; - jk; + jk;
ed;ghy; - ed;ik + ghy; ahdwpe;j - ahd; + mwpe;j
fye;jPik - fyk; + jPik rhjhhpad;W - rhjhhp + md;W
jphpe;jw;W - jphpe;J + mw;W mwpe;jnjd;W - mwe;jJ + vd;W
Vyhjp - Vyk; + Mjp mOf;fKw;nwOe;J - mOf;fk; + cw;W + vOe;J
vspjhpJ - vspJ + mhpJ MlNyw;wofh; - Mly; + VW + mofh;
Nrwy; - nry; + jy; Fyj;jptid - Fyj;J + ,tid
epiyahpJ - epiy + mhpJ Mfhjpdp - MfhJ + ,dp
Ntwy; - nty; + jy; ahnjdNt - ahJ + vdNt
flk;gl;lhh; - fld; + gl;lhh; nts;shL - ntz;ik + ML
fhg;gpy;yhh; - fhg;G + ,y;yhh; kaf;nfhopa - kaf;F + xopa
jq;fhy; - jk; + fhy; Mfhnjhd;whd; - MfhJ + vd;whd;
%g;gpy;yhh;f;F - %g;G + ,y;yhh;f;F jPz;lnthz;zh - jPz;l + xz;zh
<j;Jz;ghh; - <j;J + cz;ghh; kdpjndd;whd; - kdpjd; + vd;whd;
,d;nrhy; - ,dpik + nrhy; Nfl;le;ehs; - Nfl;L + me;ehs;
nkd;Gilahh; - nkd;ik + cilahh; epy;Jah; - epyj;J + cah;
foptpuf;fk; - fopT + ,uf;fk; thq;fpAz;L - thq;fp + cz;L
fjo;thshh; - fjo;T + Mshh; muf;fhk;gy; - muf;F + Mk;gy;
ey;ywd; - ed;ik + mwd; thatpo - tha; + mtpo
ehszp - ehs; + mzp ghh;g;nghLf;Fk; - ghh;g;G + xLf;fk;
ciuajid - ciu + mjid Gs;spdk; - Gs; + ,dk;
ey;ypdk; - ed;ik + ,dk; G+k;Gdy; - g+ + Gdy;
nghiwahsy; - nghiw + Msy; #Yis - #y; + cis
ed;dhg;gz; - ed;ik + ehg;gz; ey;ywk; - ed;ik + mwk;
ahDd; - ahd; + cd; kpd;dhh; - kpd; + Mh;
nka;aNdnad;W - nka;aNd + vd;W ntk;Gyp - ntk;ik + Gyp
nfhz;ld;G - nfhz;L + md;G fd;dnydj;jFk; - fd;dy; + vdj;jFk;
tpw;Wwe;J - tpy; + Jwe;J ,d;dKjj;jkpo; - ,dpik + mKjk; + jkpo;
ngha;aW - ngha; + mW ngw;wUs; - ngw;W + mUs;
Gf;fpdpJ - Gf;F + ,dpJ nre;jkpo; - nrk;ik + jkpo;
rpjuirj;J - rpjh; + mirj;J ige;jkpNo - gRik + jkpNo
ntz;kjp - ntz;ik + kjp NjLjyw;Wah; - NjLjy; + mw;W + cah;
nts;tha; - ntz;ik + tha; tz;lkpNo - tz;ik + jkpNo
mUkiw - mUik + kiw Kd;dpanty;yhk; - Kd;dpa + vy;yhk;
Nja;e;jOe;jpa - Nja;e;J + mOe;jpa nkha;k;GsJ - nkha;k;G + csJ
gq;Fiw - gq;F + ciw %tyF - %d;W + cyF
,d;dpir - ,dpik + ,ir Kj;jkpNo - %d;W + jkpNo
rpwpnjoP, - rpwpJ+ voP, tphpj;Jiu - tphpj;J + ciu
kLj;jpahutd; - kLj;J + ahh; + mtd; ve;jha; - vk; + je;jha;
tz;liw - tz;L + miw vq;fsUl;gpufhr - vq;fs; + mUs; + gpufhr
gz;lU - gz; + jU tz;bdk; - tz;L + ,dk;
Fw;wNty; - FWik + Nty; fhtyiu - fh + myiu
jirnayhk; - jir + vyhk; mhpitak;ghfj;jhd; - mhpit + mk; + ghfj;jhd;
ntt;tpwF - ntk;ik + tpwF munzhU - muz; + xU
ghnld - ghL + vd %d;Wnwha;Njhd; - %d;W + va;Njhd;
Ke;ePh; - %d;W + ePh; Vw;wg;ghl;L - Vw;wk; + ghl;L
nghUg;gpop - nghUg;G + ,op tUq;fpoq;Nf - tUk; + fpof;Nf
mUl;fly; - mUs; + fly; nts;sq;fz;l - nts;sk; + fz;l
kUlnfl - kUs; + nfl Mw;iwf;fz;l - Mw;iw + fz;l
ige;jiy - ig + jiy ahkwpe;j - ahk; + mwpe;j
gy;nghwp - gy + nghwp tpUe;njhuhy; - tpUe;J + xuhy;
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

nghiwAilik - nghiw + cilik ngUk;ngah; - ngUik + ngah;

,we;jhh;tha; - ,we;jhh; + tha; mt;T+h; - m + Ch;
gpwh;nrhy;Yk; - gpwh; + nrhy;Yk; ngUq;Fb - ngUik + Fb
vd;Wiuj;jy; - vd;W + ciuj;jy; GFe;jPq;F - GFe;J + <q;F
ed;nra; - ed;ik + nra; ngz;zzq;F - ngz; + mzq;F
Gd;nra; - Gd;ik + nra; ew;wpwk; - ed;ik + jpwk;
Nguwk; - ngUik + mwk; nghw;rpyk;G - nghd; + rpyk;G
njhy;YyF - njhd;ik + cyF nrq;Nfhy; - nrk;ik + Nfhy;
ntz;Fil - ntz;ik + Fil ntspAyfpy; - ntsp + cyfpy;
cah;e;jd;W - cah;e;J + md;W nre;jkpo; - nrk;ik + jkpo;
MusT - mUik + msT CuwpAk; - Ch; + mwpAk;
fUq;Nfhy; - fUik + Nfhy; vt;tplk; - v + ,lk;
ngUe;Njd; - ngUik + Njd; ew;wtg;gs;sp - ed;ik + jtk; + gs;sp
ehlndhL - ehld; + xL tpw;Wwe;J - tpy; + Jwe;J
nrtpf;FzT - nrtpf;F + czT neLehtha; - neLik + ePh;
je;Ja;k;kpd; - je;J + ca;k;kpd; khiynahd;W - khiy + xd;W
tpy;nyOjp - tpy; + vOjp tpsf;nfhsp - tpsf;F + xsp
G+l;Lkpd; - G+l;L + kpd; mq;fz; - mk; + fz;
kUg;G+rp - kUg;G + Crp gw;gy - gy + gy
khh;Nghiy - khh;G + xiy Gz;fz; - Gd;ik + fz;
vknjd;W - vkJ + vd;W nkd;fz; - nkd;ik + fz;
nkha;apiy - nkha; + ,iy nrynthopah - nryT + xopah
thapdPh; - thapd; + ePh; topf;fiu - top + fiu
nte;Jyh;e;J - nte;J + cyh;e;J te;jize;j - te;J + mize;j
fhbjid - fhL + ,jid vk;kUq;Fk; - v + kUq;Fk;
fUKfpy; - fUik + Kfpy; vq;FiwtPh; - vq;F + ciwtPh;
ntz;kjp - ntz;ik + kjp fz;zUtp - fz; + mUtp
vOe;njjph; - vOe;J + vjph; clk;ngy;yhk; - clk;G + vy;yhk;
mwpTz;lhf - mwpT + cz;lhf jpUtKJ - jpU + mKJ
mUe;jth; - mUik + mth; thsuh - ths; + muh
ey;tpid - ed;ik + tpid mq;if - mk; + if
ehj;njhiytpy;iy - eh + njhiyT + ,y;iy ehd;kiw - ehd;F + kiw
gpzpNehAw;Nwhh; - gpzp + Neha; + cw;Nwhh; ghtpir - gh + ,ir
,ay;gPuhW - ,ay;G + ,uz;L + MW Kk;kzp - %d;W + kzp
,sq;nfhb - ,sik + nfhb gj;Jg;ghl;L - gj;J + ghl;L
ed;nkhop - ed;ik + nkhop vl;Lj;njhif - vl;L + njhif
vdf;fplh; - vdf;F + ,lh; Kw;gil - Kd; + gil
njhONjj;jp - njhOJ + Vj;jp $j;jndjph; - $j;jd; + vjph;
cz;nld;W - cz;L + vd;W xuhapuk; - xh; + Mapuk;
ey;ywk; - ed;ik + mwk; ehw;nghUs; - ehd;F + nghUs;
flndd;g - fld; + vd;g euhjpgd; - ehh; + mjpgd;
fldwpe;J - fld; + mwpe;J mwdwpe;J - mwd; + mwpe;J
rhy;ngd;Dk; - rhy;G + vd;Dk; jpwdwpe;J - jpwd; + mwpe;J
,Uepyk; - ,uz;L + epyk; gpzpawpNahk; - gpzp + mwpNahk;
nghw;fpop - nghd; + fpop ve;ehSk; - v + ehSk;
nghUl;Fw;wk; - nghUs; + Fw;wk; ehnkd;Wk; - ehk; + vd;Wk;
jw;Fw;wk; - jd; + Fw;wk; njz;biu - njz;ik + jpiu
ghpe;Njhk;gp - ghpe;J + xk;gp ngUf;nfLj;J - ngUf;F + vLj;J
njhpe;Njhk;gp - njhpe;J + xk;gp cs;Siw - cs; + ciw
vs;sW - vs; + MW neLePh; - neLik + ePh;
Gs;SW - Gs; + cW mt;top - m + top
mUk;ngwy; - mUik + ngwy; thdpyk; - thy; + epyk;
SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

fhd;kbj;J - fhy; + kbj;J

,Utpop - ,uz;L + vapW
ts;Sfph; - tz;ik + cfph;
fhpf;NfhL - fhp + NfhL
ngUq;fphp - ngUik + fphp
vz;fpdq;fs; - vz;F + ,dq;fs;
fhwLkhwpl - fhy; + jLkhwpl
tPo;e;Jly; - tPo;e;J + cly;
khjpuj;Jiw - khjpuj;J + ciw
nrq;fjph; - nrk;ik + fjph;
ngUthp - ngUik + thp
ngUQ;rpuk; - ngUik + rpuk;
jz;lsph;g;gjk; - jz;ik + jsph; + gjk;
vjph;g;Gw;wQ;rp - vjph;g;G + cw;W + mQ;rp
jpz;bwy; - jpz;ik + jpwy;
kdkfpo;e;J - kdk; + kfpo;e;J
rpuKfk; - rpuk; + Kfk;
gzpe;jpth; - gzpe;J + ,th;
cilj;njd;gh; - cilj;J + vd;gh;
nrOk;gjp - nrOik + gjp
gw;wpy;Nyd; - gw;W + ,y;Nyd;
Nghd;wpUe;Njd; - Nghd;W + ,Ue;Njd;
fz;zpuz;L - fz; + ,uz;L
xhpuT - xh; + ,uT
kde;jiog;g - kdk; + jiyg;G
ew;fwpfs; - ed;ik + fwpfs;
,d;dKJ - ,dpik + mKJ

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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