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UNIT 1: FRIENDSHIP
VOCABULARY
acquaintance (n) ngi quen
admire (v) ngng m
aim (n) mc ch
appearance (n) v b ngoi
attraction (n) s thu ht
be based on (exp) da vo
benefit (n) li ch
calm (a) im tnh
caring (a) chu o
change (n,v) (s) thay i
changeable (a) c th thay i
chilli (n) t
close (a) gn gi, thn thit
concerned (with) (a) quan tm
condition (n) iu kin
constancy (n) s kin nh
constant (a) kin nh
crooked (a) cong
customs officer (n) nhn vin hi
quan
delighted (a) vui mng
enthusiasm (n) lng nhit tnh
exist (v) tn ti
feature (n) c im
forehead (n) trn
generous (a) rng ri, rng lng
get out of (v) ra khi (xe)
give-and-take (n) s nhng nhn
good-looking (a) d nhn
good-natured (a) tt bng
gossip (v) ngi l i mch
height (n) chiu cao
helpful (a) gip , gip ch
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honest (a) trung thc

hospitable (a) hiu khch
humorous (a) hi hc
in common (exp) chung
incapable (of) (a) khng th
influence (v) nh hng
insist on (v) khng khng
jam (n) mt
joke (n,v) (li) ni a
journalist (n) phng vin
joy (n) nim vui
jump (v) nhy
last (v) ko di
lasting (a) bn vng
lifelong (a) sut i
like (n) s thch
loyal (a) trung thnh
loyalty (n) lng trung thnh
medium (a) trung bnh
mix (v) trn
modest (a) khim tn
mushroom (n) mm
mutual (a) ln nhau
oval (a) c hnh tri xoan
patient (a) kin nhn
personality (n) tch cch, phm cht
pleasant (a) vui v
pleasure (n) nim vui thch
principle (n) nguyn tc
pursuit (n) mu cu
quality (n) phm cht
quick-witted (a) nhanh tr
relationship (n) mi quan h
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remain (v) vn (cn) studious (a) chm ch

Residential Area (n) khu dn c suspicion (n) s nghi ng
rumour (n) li n suspicious (a) nghi ng
secret (n) b mt sympathy (n) s thng cm
selfish (a) ch k take up (v) cp n
sense of humour (n) c hi hc trust (n,v) s tin tng
share (v) chia s uncertain (a) khng chc chn
sincere (a) thnh tht understanding (a) thu hiu
sorrow (n) ni bun unselfishness (n) tnh khng ch k
GRAMMAR
1. Infinitive with to (ng t nguyn mu c to)
1.1 Sau tc t ca ng t:
Ex: The teacher told me to do this exercise. (Thy bo ti lm bi tp ny.)
S V O to V
advise (khuyn), allow, permit (cho php), ask (yu cu),
invite (mi), tell (bo, k), order (ra lnh),
1.2 Sau mt s tnh t:
able (c th), unable (khng th), happy (vui v), delighted (vui mng), easy
(d), lovely (th v, hay), glad (vui), sorry (tic), anxious (nng lng), content
(bng lng), afraid (s), eager (ho hc), amazed (ngc nhin), pleased (hi
lng), disappointed (tht vng), surprised (ngc nhin), certain (chc chn),
willing (sn lng),
Ex: I am glad to know you are successful. (Ti vui khi bit bn thnh cng.)
S be adj to V
1.3 Trong cu trc: S + be + too + adj + to V (qu nn khng th )
Ex: He is too old to run fast. (ng y qu gi nn khng th chy nhanh.)
S be too adj to V
1.4 Sau mt s ng t:
want (mun), expect (mong ch, k vng), refuse (t chi), hope (hy vng),
decide (quyt nh), agree (ng ), plan (d nh), would like (mun), fail
(tht bi, hng), learn (hc), afford (c kh nng/iu kin), manage (xoay
s), demand (i hi, yu cu), prepare (chun b), promise (ha), wish (ao
c), begin/start (bt u), mean (nh),
Ex: They want to make friends with me. (H mun kt bn vi ti.)
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S V to V
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1.5 Sau danh t hoc i t thay th cho mnh quan h (bt u bng
who/whom/which/that):
Ex: There is a lot of housework which I should do.
---> There is a lot of housework to do. (C nhiu vic nh cn lm.)
Have you got anything that you can read?
---> Have you got anything to read? (Bn c g c khng?)
2. Infinitive without to (ng t nguyn mu khng c to)
c dng:
2.1 Sau cc ng t:
can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, ought to, have to,
would rather, had better
Ex: He can speak three languages. (Anh ta c th ni ba th ting.)
2.2 Sau tc t ca ng t:
Ex: I watched them get out of the car. (Ti thy h ra khi xe hi.)
He made his daughter stay home. (ng ta bt buc con gi nh.)
She let him go. (C y anh ta i.)
S V O V0
V:feel (cm thy), hear (nghe), see (gp), watch (thy), smell (ngi thy)
make (bt buc), let ( cho)
* LU :
- So snh s khc nhau gia mc 1.1 v 2.2.
- Nu ng t trong cu dng b ng (be + V3/ed), dng to V theo sau, tr
ng t let (c i thnh be allowed).
Ex: (a) They were watched to get out of the car.
(b) His daughter was made to stay home.
(c) He was allowed to go.
S be + V3/ed to V
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UNIT 2: PERSONAL EXPERIENCES

VOCABULARY
affect (v) nh hng break out (v) xy ra bt thnh lnh
appreciate (v) trn trng carry (v) mang
attitude (n) thi complain (v) phn nn
bake (v) nng complaint (n) li phn nn
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contain (v) cha, ng own (v) s hu

cottage (n) nh tranh package (n) bu kin
destroy (v) ph hy, tiu hy protect (v) bo v
dollar note (n) tin giy la purse (n) ci v
embarrassing (a) ngng ngng, realise (v) nhn ra
lng tng replace (v) thay th
embrace (v) m rescue (v) cu nguy, cu h
escape (v) thot khi scream (v) la ht
experience (n) tri nghim set off (v) ln ng
fail (v) rt, hng shine (v) chiu sng
floppy (a) mm shy (a) mc c, bn ln
glance at (v) lic nhn sneaky (a) ln lt
grow up (v) ln ln terrified (a) kinh hi
idol (n) thn tng thief (n) tn trm
imitate (v) bt chc turn away (v) quay i, b i
make a fuss (v) lm m turtle (n) con ra
marriage (n) hn nhn unforgetable (a) khng th qun
memorable (a) ng nh wad (n) nm tin
novel (n) tiu thuyt wave (v) vy tay
GRAMMAR
1. Present simple (Hin ti n)
Th hin ti n c dng din t:
1.1 Mt thi quen, mt hnh ng c lp i lp li thng xuyn. Trong
cu thng c cc trng t: always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, rarely,
every day/week/month
Ex: Mary often gets up early. (Mary thng thc dy sm.)
1.2 Mt s tht lc no cng ng hay mt chn l.
Ex: The sun rises in the east. (Mt tri mc hng ng.)
1.3 Mt hnh ng trong tng lai c a vo chng trnh, k hoch.
Ex: The football match begins at 5pm. (Trn bng bt u lc 5g chiu.)
1.4 S vic, cu chuyn xy ra (s li cun ngi nghe/c hn l dng
qu kh n)
Ex: In my dream, I see a fairy. She and I fly around the world.
(Trong m, ti gp mt c tin. C tin v ti bay vng quanh th gii.)
2. Past simple (Qu kh n)
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Th QK dng din t hnh ng xy ra v hon tt trong qu kh vi

thi gian c xc nh r. Cc trng t thng i km: yesterday, ago, last
week/month/year, in the past, in 1990,
Ex: Uncle Ho passed away in 1969. (Bc H qua i vo nm 1969.)
3. Past progressive (Qu kh tip din)
Th QKTD dng din t:
3.1 Mt hnh ng xy ra (v ko di) vo mt thi im hoc mt khong
thi gian trong qu kh.
Ex: I was studying her lesson at 7 last night. (7g ti qua, ti ang hc bi)
3.2 Mt hnh ng ang xy ra (V-ing) qu kh th c mt hnh ng khc
xen vo (V2/ed).
Ex: He was sleeping when I came. (Anh ta ang ng khi ti n.)
3.3 Hai hnh ng din ra song song cng lc trong qu kh.
Ex: While I was doing my homework, my younger brother was watching TV.
(Trong khi ti ang lm bi tp v nh th em trai ti ang xem tivi.)
4. Past perfect (Qu kh hon thnh)
Th QKHT dng din t:
4.1 Mt hnh ng xy ra v hon tt trc mt thi im hoc mt hnh
ng khc trong qu kh (hnh ng trc dng HAD + V3/ed, hnh ng sau
dng V2/ed).
Ex: Lucie had learned English before she came to England.
(Lucie hc ting Anh trc khi c y n nc Anh.)
4.2 Mt hnh ng xy ra nhng cha hon thnh, tnh n mt thi im
no trong qu kh.
Ex: By the time I left that school, I had taught there for ten years.
(Ti lc ti ri ngi trng y, ti dy c 10 nm.)
* LU : c k mc 3.2 v mc 4.
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UNIT 3: A PARTY
VOCABULARY
accidentally (adv) tnh c clap (v) v tay
blow out (v) thi tt count on (v) trng ch vo
budget (n) ngn sch decorate (v) trang tr
candle (n) n cy, nn decoration (n) s/ trang tr
celebrate (v) t chc, lm l k nim
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diamond anniversary (n) (= diamond

wedding= diamond jubilee) l k
judge (n) thm phn
nim m ci kim cng (60 nm)
lemonade (n) nc chanh
financial (a) (thuc) ti chnh
mention (v) cp
flight (n) chuyn bay
mess (n) s ba bn
forgive (v) tha th
milestone (n)s kin quan trng
get into trouble (exp)
organise (v) t chc
golden anniversary (n) (= golden
refreshments (n) mn n nh
wedding= golden jubilee) l k nim
serve (v) phc v
m ci vng (50 nm)
silver anniversary (n) (= silver
guest (n) khch
wedding= silver jubilee) l k nim
helicopter (n) trc thng
m ci bc (25 nm)
hold (v) t chc
slice (n) ming
icing (n) lp kem ph trn mt bnh
slip out (v) l ming
jelly (n) thch (thc phm c hng
tidy up (v) dn dp
v tri cy c ong li)
upset (v) lm bi ri, lo lng
GRAMMAR
1. Infinitive and gerund (to V v V-ing)
1.1 S + V + to V (xem 1.4, trang 2)
1.2 S + V + V-ing
Ex: She enjoys listening to music. (C y thch nghe nhc.)
V V-ing
Mt s ng t sau y cn c V-ing theo sau:
enjoy (thch, thng thc), finish (hon thnh), postpone (tr hon), avoid
(trnh), keep (vn cn, tip tc), practise (thc hnh), miss (b l), spend (tiu
xi, tri qua), allow/permit (cho php), advise (khuyn), recommend ( ngh,
khuyn bo), give up (t b), suggest ( ngh), deny (t chi), consider (xem
xt), quit (ri b), dislike (khng thch), cant help (khng th khng), risk (mo
him), mention ( cp), mind (phin),
* LU : Sau gii t (in, on, at, about, for, from, ) ta dng V-ing.
2. Passive infinitive (to be + V3/ed)
Dng vi ngha b ng, sau cc ng t trong mc 1.4, trang 2. Khi lm bi,
cn lu ngha ca cu l ch ng (V + to V) hay b ng (V + to be + V3/ed).
Ex: They want to be invited to the party. (H mun c mi d tic.)
SAI: They want to invite to the party. (H mun mi n d tic.)
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Cu ny SAI v ngi c khng r h mun mi ai. Trong cu trn, h c

mi (= ai mi h), ngha r rng.
3. Passive gerund (being + V3/ed)
Dng vi ngha b ng, sau cc ng t trong mc 1.2, trang 6. Khi lm bi,
cn lu ngha ca cu l ch ng (V + V-ing) hay b ng (V+being+ V3/ed).
Ex: I disliked being taken to the zoo when I was a child.
(Khi cn nh, ti khng thch c dn i vn bch th.)
SAI: I disliked taking to the zoo when I was a child.
(Khi cn nh, ti khng thch dn i vn bch th.)
Cu ny SAI v ngi c khng r ti khng thch dn ai. Trong cu trn,
ti c dn (= ai dn ti), ngha r rng.
* LU : Sau gii t (in, on, at, about, for, from, ), vn dng being.
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UNIT 4:
VOCABULARY
(the) aged (n) ngi gi
assistance (n) s gip
be fired (v) b pht
behave (v) c x
bend (v) un cong, ci xung
care (n) s chm sc
charity (n) t chc t thin
comfort (n) s an i
co-operate (v) hp tc
co-ordinate (v) phi hp
cross (v) bng qua
deny (v) t chi
desert (v) b i
diary (n) nht k
direct (v) iu khin
disadvantaged (a) bt hnh
donate (v) tng
donation (n) khon tng/ng gp
donor (n) ngi cho/tng
fire extinguisher (n) bnh cha chy
VOLUNTEER WORK
fund-raising (a) gy qu
gratitude (n) lng bit n
handicapped (a) tt nguyn
instruction (n) ch dn, hng dn
intersections (n) giao l
lawn (n) bi c
martyr (n) lit s
mountain (n) ni
mow (v) ct
natural disaster (n) thin tai
order (n) mnh lnh
order (v) ra lnh
orphanage (n) tri m ci
overcome (v) vt qua
park (v) u xe
participate in (v) tham gia
raise money (v) quyn gp tin
receipt (n) ngi nhn
remote (a) xa xi, ho lnh
retire (v) v hu
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rope (n) dy thng touch (v) chm

snatch up (v) nm ly voluntarily (adv) 1 cch tnh nguyn
suffer (v) ch ng, au kh voluntary (a) tnh nguyn
support (v) ng h, h tr volunteer (n) tnh nguyn vin
take part in (v) tham gia volunteer (v) tnh nguyn, xung
tie to (v) buc, ct vo phong
toe (n) ngn chn war invalid (n) thng binh
GRAMMAR
1. Gerund and present participle (Danh ng t v hin ti phn t)
1.1 Danh ng t: (V-ing)
1.1.1 Lm ch t cho ng t
Ex: Singing is one of her hobbies.
(Ca ht l mt trong nhng s thch ca c ta.)
1.1.2 Lm tc t cho ng t (V + V-ing) (xem thm mc 1.2, trang 6)
Ex: She enjoys singing.
(C ta thch ca ht.)
1.1.3 Lm tc t cho gii t (prep + V-ing)
Ex: She is fond of singing.
(C ta thch ca ht.)
1.2 Hin ti phn t: (V-ing)
1.2.1 Dng sau cc ng t ch gic quan: feel (cm thy), hear (nghe), see
(gp), watch (thy), smell (ngi thy) (nhn mnh s tip din ca hnh ng).
Ex: I saw him writing a letter.
(Ti gp anh ta ang vit th.)
So snh vi mc 2.2, trang 3.
1.2.2 Dng trong cu trc:
S + V + O + V-ing
catch (bt gp), find (nhn thy), spend (tiu xi, b ra), waste (lng
ph), leave ()
Ex: She left him waiting outside.
(C ta anh y ch bn ngoi.)
1.2.3 Dng din t cc hnh ng k tip nhau (gn nhau v thi gian) ca
cng ch t (hnh ng trc dng V-ing).
Ex: Opening the drawer, she took out a book.
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(M ngn ko ra, c ta ly 1 quyn sch.)

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[C ta m ngn ko trc, ly sch sau.]

2. Perfect gerund and perfect participle (Danh ng t hon thnh v
phn t hon thnh)
2.1 Perfect gerund (Having + V3/ed)
- Xem li cch dng ca gerund (mc 1.1, trang 8)
- Khi ng t (cn thm ING) ch hnh ng xy ra trc hnh ng kia,
dng Perfect gerund din t hnh ng trc.
Ex: He was accused of having deserted his ship two months ago.
(Anh ta b co buc b con tu cch y hai thng.)
[Hnh ng b con tu din ra trc khi b co buc.]
Khng c s khc bit ln khi ni He was accused of deserting his ship
two months ago.
2.2 Perfect participle (Having + V3/ed)
Khi hai hnh ng ca cng ch t xy ra trc sau trong qu kh, dng
Having + V3/ed din t hnh ng trc (ko di hn hnh ng th hai).
Ex: Having dug a hole in the road, they disappeared.
(o mt l trn ng xong, h bin mt.)
So snh vi mc 1.2.3, trang 8. (Khng c s khc bit ln.)

UNIT 5: ILLITERACY
VOCABULARY
academic (a) c tnh hc thut highlands (n) cao nguyn
campaign (n) chin dch
cheat (v) gian ln
consult (v) hi kin
decline (v) suy gim
decrease (v) gim
effective (a) hiu qu
encourage (v) khuyn khch
enforce (v) bt tun theo
eradicate (v) xa b
ethnic minority (n) dn tc thiu s
fight (against) (n) cuc chin
goal (n) mc
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honorable (a) vinh d
illiteracy (n) m ch
lifeguard (n) ngi cu m
literate (a) bit c, vit
low-income (a) thu nhp thp
maturity (n) s trng thnh
motivate (v) thc y
performance (n) s th hin, thnh
tch
promotion (n) khuyn khch
rate (n) t l
realistic (a) thc t
reduce (v) lm gim
regulation (n) qui nh
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relevant (a) lin quan strength (n) im mnh

rise (n) s gia tng strict (a) nghim khc
self-respect (n) lng t trng survey (n) cuc kho st
shore (n) b tutoring (a) ph o
shortage (n) s thiu ht universalisation (n) ph cp
society (n) hi weakness (n) im yu
strategy (n) chin lc
GRAMMAR
Reported Speech with infinitive(s) (Cu tng thut vi to V)
1. Vi im cn nh v cu tng thut:
Khi i sang cu tng thut, cn i ba yu t l ngi, th ca ng t v
trng t ch thi gian v ni chn.
1.1 Ngi: (nht ch, nh tc, tam nguyn)
- i ngi th NHT ph hp vi CH T trong mnh chnh.
- i ngi th HAI ph hp vi TC T trong mnh chnh.
- Ngi th BA khng i.
1.2 Th ca ng t:
V1 ---> V2/ed shall ---> should
V2/ed ---> had + V3/ed may ---> might
can ---> could must ---> had to
will ---> would
1.3 Trng t ch thi gian v ni chn:
today ---> that day next week ---> the week after
tonight ---> that night the following week
now ---> then tomorrow ---> the day after
ago ---> before the following day
yesterday ---> the day before this ---> that
the previous day these ---> those
last week ---> the week before here --->there
the previous week
Ex1: He said to me, I and you will go with her father tomorrow.
---> He told me (that) he and I would go with her father the following day.
Ex2: She said to me, I met your brother yesterday.
---> She told me (that) she had met my brother the day before.
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* LU : ng t tng thut thay i ty ngha ca cu. Mt s ng t tng

thut ph bin l: tell (bo), ask (yu cu, hi), encourage (ng vin), want
(mun), advise (khuyn), agree (ng ), invite (mi), remind (nhc nh),
promise (ha), warn (cnh bo),
2. Cu tng thut vi to infinitive:
2.1 Cu mnh lnh gin tip khng nh:
Ex: Remember to finish your exercise, Tom, the teacher said.
---> His teacher reminded Tom to finish his exercise.
(Hy nh hon thnh bi tp ca em, Tom , thy gio ni.
---> Thy gio nhc Tom hon thnh bi tp.)
2.2 Cu mnh lnh gin tip ph nh:
Ex: They said, Dont talk in the class.
---> They told us not to talk in the class.
(H ni, ng ni chuyn trong lp.
---> H bo chng ti khng ni chuyn trong lp.)
2.3 Mt s cu trc khc:
a. ngh, li mi:
Ex: He said, Would you like to go out for a drink?
---> He invited me to go out for a drink.
(Anh ta ni, Mi anh ra ngoi dng nc.
---> Anh ta mi ti ra ngoi dng nc.)
b. Yu cu:
Ex: She said, Can you lend me your book?
---> She asked me to lend her my book.
(C y ni, Anh c th cho ti mn sch ca anh?
---> C y yu cu ti cho c y mn sch ca ti.)
c. Khuyn bo:
Ex: You should study harder, my mother said.
---> My mother advised me to study harder.
(M ti ni, Con nn hc chm hn.
---> M ti khuyn ti hc chm hn.)
d. Ha hn:
Ex: I will give you my book, he said.
---> He promised to give me his book.
(Anh ta ni, Ti s a cho anh quyn sch ca ti.
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---> Anh ta ha a cho ti quyn sch ca anh y.)

Cng thc chung khi i sang cu tng thut vi to V:
S + V (+ O) + to V
2.4 Gi cch lm bi:
Bc 1: Xc nh (1) cu trc tip cho thuc nhm no (mnh lnh, ngh,
yu cu, ) v (2) ng t chnh trong cu trc tip.
Bc 2: Xc nh (1) ngi ni v (2) ng t tng thut thch hp.
Bc 3: Xc nh v thm tc t (ngi/vt c tng thut) vo sau ng t
tng thut (nu c)
Bc 4: H ng t chnh ( Bc 1) v thm TO vo trc n.
* LU : NGI, TH v TRNG T (nu c) vn thay i.

UNIT 6: COMPETITIONS
VOCABULARY
accuse (of) (v) buc ti insist (on) (v) khng khng i
admit (v) tha nhn, th nhn
announce (v) cng b
annual (a) hng nm
apologise (for) (v) xin li
athletic (a) (thuc) in kinh
champion (n) nh v ch
clock (v) t, ghi c (thi gian)
compete (v) thi u
competition (n) cuc thi u
congratulate (on)(v) chc mng
congratulations! xin chc mng
contest (n) cuc thi u
creative (a) sng to
detective (n) thm t
entry procedure (n) th tc ng k
feel like (v) mun
find out (v) tm ra
general knowledge quiz (n) cuc thi
kin thc ph thng
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judge (n) gim kho
native speaker (n) ngi bn x
observe (v) quan st
participant (n) ngi tham gia
patter (v) ri lp p
pay (v) tr tin
poem (n) bi th
poetry (n) th ca
prevent (from) (v) ngn nga, cn
race (n) cuc ua
recite (v) ngm, c (th)
representative (n) i din
score (v) tnh im
smoothly (adv) sung s
spirit (n) tinh thn, kh th
sponsor (v) ti tr
stimulate (v) khuyn khch
thank (for) (v) cm n
twinkle (n) ci nhy mt
warn (against) (v) cnh bo
windowpane (n) ca knh
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GRAMMAR
Reported speech with gerund.
1. Vi im cn nh v cu tng thut: (xem mc 1., trang 10)
2. Cu tng thut vi gerund (V-ing):
2.1 Cm n, xin li:
Ex1: It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much, Tom said to you.
---> Tom thanked me for helping him.
Ex2: Im sorry Im late, Peter said.
---> Peter apologised for being late.
2.2 Chc mng:
Ex: John said, I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!
---> John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.
2.3 Cng quyt, khng khng:
Ex: Ill help you with your physics exercise, Peter said to Susan.
---> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.
2.4 Cnh bo, ngn cn:
Ex1: Dont go out alone at night, I said to Linda.
---> I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night.
Ex2: Sit here. I cant let you stand all the time, Mary said to me.
---> Mary prevented me from standing all the time.
2.5 Chp nhn hoc ph nhn:
Ex1: We stole his money, they said.
---> They admitted stealing his money.
Ex2: I didnt steal his money, she said.
---> She denied stealing his money.
2.6 ngh:
Ex: Lets go out for a drink, Susan said.
---> Susan suggested going out for a drink.
2.7 T co, buc ti:
Ex: You took some of my money, he said.
---> He accused me of taking some of his money.
2.8 M c:
Ex: I want to pass the exam with flying colours, John said.
---> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.
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2.9 Gi cch lm bi:

Bc 1: c k cu trc tip, xc nh NGI, TH v TRNG T ( c thay
i ph hp).
Bc 2: Xc nh ng t tng thut v gii t theo sau (nu c) (gii t c th
theo ngay sau ng t tng thut hoc sau tc t).
Bc 3: Xc nh ng t cn thm ING, t tc t (ngi/vt c tng
thut) vo sau ng t tng thut (nu c).
Bc 4: t ng t chnh thm ING (sau ng t tng thut hoc gii t).
Cng thc chung khi i sang cu tng thut vi V-ing:
S + V (+ O) (+ prep) + V-ing
Cc em c th tm ra vi ng t tng thut (+ gii t) qua cc v d trn?

UNIT 7: WORLD POPULATION

VOCABULARY
A.D. (Anno Domini)(n) sau cng
nguyn
awareness (n) thc
B.C. (Before Christ)(n) trc cng
nguyn
billionaire (n) nh t ph
birth-control method (n) phng
php hn ch sinh
carry out (v) tin hnh
claim (n,v) (s) i hi
cranky (a) hay gt gng, quu
creature (n) sinh vt
death rate (n) t l t vong
developing country (n) nc ang
pht trin
exercise (v) s dng
expert (n) chuyn gia
explosion (n) s bng n
family planning (n) k hoch ha gia
nh
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fresh water (n) nc ngt journalism (n) bo ch

generation (n) th h lack (n) s thiu ht
glean (v) mt, nht (la) limit (n) gii hn
government (n) chnh ph limit (v) hn ch
growth (n) tng trng limited (a) c gii hn
implement (v) thc hin living condition (n)iu kn sng
improvement (n) s ci thin living standard (n) mc sng
injury (n) chn thng metal (n) kim loi
insurance (n) s bo him organisation (n) t chc
iron (n) st overpopulated (a) qu ng dn
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petroleum (n) du m, du ha salt water (n) nc mn

policy (n) chnh sch silver (n) bc
population (n) dn s solution (n) gii php
punishment (n) pht step (v) bc, gim ln
quarrel (n,v) (s) ci nhau the Third World (n) th gii th ba
raise (v) nui (nhng nc ngho hoc ang pht
rank (v) xp hng trin chu Phi, chu , chu M la
religion (n) tn gio tinh)
resource (n) ti nguyn United Nations (n) Lin hip quc
reward (n) thng
GRAMMAR
1. Conditional types 1, 2 and 3: (Cu iu kin loi 1, 2 v 3)
1.1 Loi mt:
Din t iu kin C TH XY RA hin ti hoc tng lai.
Ex: If it rains heavily, I will stay at home.
(Nu tri ma ln th ti s nh.)
1.2 Loi hai:
Din t iu kin KHNG TH XY RA hin ti hoc tng lai.
Ex1: If I had enough money, I would buy a new bicycle.
(Nu ti c tin th ti s mua mt chic xe p mi)
(Hin ti ti khng c tin.)
Ex2: If I were a bird, I would fly everywhere.
(Nu ti l chim, ti s bay khp ni.) (Ti khng th l chim.)
1.3 Loi ba:
Din t iu kin KHNG TH XY RA qu kh.
Ex: If John had studied harder, he wouldnt have failed his exam.
(Nu John hc chm ch hn, anh ta khng thi rt.)
(S tht l John khng chm ch v thi rt.)
Tm tt cng thc:

Loi IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

1 V1(s/es) will/can/may + V
2 V2/ed/WERE would/could/should + V
3 had +V3/ed would/could/should+ have + V3/ed
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2. Conditional in reported speech: (Cu iu kin trong li ni gin tip)

2.1 Cu iu kin loi 1 chuyn sang loi 2:
Ex: He said, If it rains heavily, I will stay at home.
---> He said (that) if it rained heavily, he would stay at home.
2.2 Cu iu kin loi 2 v 3: khng i ng t
Ex1: She said, If I had enough money, I would buy a new bicycle.
---> She said (that) if she had enough money, she would buy a new bicycle.
Ex2: The teacher said, If John had studied harder, he wouldnt have failed
his exam.
---> The teacher said (that) if John had studied harder, he wouldnt have
failed his exam.
* LU : Khi chuyn mt cu hi t trc tip sang gin tip, cc em cn ch
(1) v tr ca ch t v ng t v (2) khng cn du chm hi.
Ex: She asked me, What would he do if he were a king?
---> She asked me what he would do if he were a king.

UNIT 8: CELEBRATIONS
VOCABULARY
agrarian (a) (thuc) ngh nng
apricot blossom (n) hoa mai
cauliflower (n) sp l, bng ci
comment (n) li nhn xt
crop (n) ma v
depend (on) (v) ty vo
do a clean up (exp) dn dp sch s
evil spirit (n) qu ma
fatty pork (n) m (heo)
French fries (n) khoai ty chin
good spirit (n) thn thnh
kimono (n) o kimn (Nht)
kumquat tree (n) cy qut vng
longevity (n) trng th
lucky money (n) tin l x
lunar calendar (n) m lch
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mask (n) mt n
Mid-Autumn Festival (n) tt trung
thu
National Independence Day (n) ngy
Quc khnh
overthrow (v) lt
pagoda (n) ngi cha
parade (v) diu hnh
peach blossom (n) hao o
pine tree (n) cy thng
positive (a) tch cc
pray (for) (v) cu nguyn
preparation (n) s chun b
roast turkey (n) g li quay
shrine (n) n th
similarity (n) nt tng ng
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solar calendar (n) dng lch Valentines Day (n) l tnh nhn
spread (v) ko di ward off (v) n trnh
sticky rice (n) np wish (n) li chc
Thanksgiving (n) l t n
GRAMMAR
Cc i t ONE, ONES, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE, EVERYONE
1. ONE v ONES:
ONE dng thay th mt danh t m c s t (trnh lp t).
Ex: This watch doesnt work any more. Im going to buy a new one.
(Ci ng h ny khng cn chy na. Ti sp mua ci mi.)
ONES l hnh thc s nhiu ca ONE.
Ex: These watches dont work ant more. Im going to buy new ones.
2. SOMEONE, ANYONE, NO ONE v EVERYONE:
Someone (ai ), anyone (bt c ai), no one (khng ai) v everyone (mi
ngi) dng vi ng t ngi th ba s t.
Someone v everyone dng trong cu khng nh. Anyone dng trong cu
hi v ph nh. Sau no one dng ng t th khng nh.
Ex: Someone is following me. (Ai ang theo sau ti.)
Everyone has gone home. (Mi ngi v nh.)
Can anyone answer this question? (C ai c th tr li cu hi ny khng?)
I cant see anyone here. (Ti khng th thy bt c ai y.)
No one can answer this question.
* LU :
- Someone = somebody, everyone = everybody
- C th dng everyone trong cu hi. Khi ngi hi mun cp n tt
c mi ngi.
Ex: Its a little noisy here. Can everyone hear well?
( y hi n. Mi ngi c th nghe r?)
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PH LC 1: NG T BT QUY TC THNG GP

Hin ti Qu kh QK PT Ngha
am/is/are was/were been th, l,
arise arose arisen xut hin
bear bore borne sinh ra
beat beat beaten nh, p
become became become tr nn
begin began begun bt u
bend bent bent ci, gp
bet bet bet nh cuc
bite bit bitten cn
bleed bled bled chy mu
blow blew blown thi
break broke broken lm v
breed bred bred nui
bring brought brought mang
build built built xy dng
burn* burnt burnt t chy
burst burst burst bng chy
buy bought bought mua
catch caught caught bt c
choose chose chosen chn la
come came come n
cost cost cost tr gi
creep crept crept b
cut cut cut ct
dig dug dug o
do did done lm
draw drew drawn v
dream* dreamt dreamt m
drink drank drunk ung
drive drove driven li xe
eat ate eaten n
fall fell fallen t xung
feed fed fed cho n
feel felt felt cm thy
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fight fought fought nh nhau

find found found tm thy
fit fit fit va vn
fly flew flown bay
forecast forecast forecast d bo
forget forgot forgot(ten) qun
forgive forgave forgiven tha th
freeze froze frozen ng lnh
get got got(ten) t c
give gave given cho
go went gone i
grind ground ground nghin
grow grew grown mc
hang hung hung treo
have had had c; dng
hear heard heard nghe
hide hid hidden che giu
hit hit hit ng
hold held held cm,nm,t
hurt hurt hurt chc
keep kept kept lm au
know knew known gi
lay laid laid bit
lead led led t,
learn* learnt learnt dn dt
leave left left hc
lend lent lent ri khi
let let let cho mn
lose lost lost cho
make made made nh mt
mean meant meant lm
meet met met ngha l
overcome overcame overcome gp
pay paid paid vt qua
put put put tr tin
quit quit quit t,
read read read thot ra
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c
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ride rode ridden ci, p xe

ring rang rung reo, rung
rise rose risen nh,mc ln
run ran run chy
say said said ni
seek sought sought tm kim
sell sold sold bn
send sent sent gi i
set set set xp t
shake shook shaken lc
shoot shot shot bn
shut shut shut ng li
sing sang sung ht
sink sank sunk chm, m
sit sat sat ngi
sleep slept slept ng
slide slid slid trt i
smell* smelt smelt ngi
speak spoke spoken ni
speed sped sped tng tc
spell spelt spelt nh vn
spend spent spent tiu xi
spill spilt spilt trn ra
spread spread spread lan truyn
stand stood stood ng
sting stung stung chch, t
strike struck struck nh
swear swore sworn th
sweep swept swept qut
swim swam swum bi, li
swing swung swung nh u
take took taken cm, nm
teach taught taught dy
tear tore torn x rch
tell told told bo, k
think thought thought suy ngh
throw threw thrown nm
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thrust thrust thrust n mnh

understand understood understood hiu
wake woke woken nh thc
wear wore worn mc, i
weave wove woven dt
weep wept wept khc
wet wet wet lm t
win won won thng
write wrote written vit

* C th thm ed thnh lp V2/3.

PH LC 2: MT S CU GIAO TIP THNG DNG

1. (Nghe in thoi) Hello. Im Mary. May I speak to John, please?

Xin cho. Ti l Mary. Xin cho ti ni chuyn vi John.
2. Could you hold a minute, please?
Xin vui lng gi my trong giy lt.
3. One moment, please.
Vui lng i mt cht.
4. Hang on. Ill get him.
i mt cht. Ti gi anh y.
5. Im sorry, but John is busy now. Would you leave a message/call back later?
Ti xin li. By gi John ang bn. Bn mun li li nhn/chc na gi
li khng?
6. How are you? Couldnt be better. Thank you. Yourself?
Bn khe khng? Khe lm. Cm n nh. Cn bn?
(C th hi: Are you ok? v p li bng: (Im) fine / not bad / great / very
well / pretty bad / not fine / not good / awful)
7. Thank you. Youre welcome.
Cm n bn. Khng c chi.
(C th p li bng: Never mind (ng bn tm)/ Not at all (Khng c chi)/
Its my pleasure (Vinh hnh ca ti)/ Dont mention it (ng cp n))
8. Its getting late. Ive got to go. Goodbye. See you soon. Take care.
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Tr ri. Ti phi i y. Tm bit. Hn sm gp li nh. Bo trng.

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9. Excuse me, but could you please tell me where Dong Thap supermarket is?
Xin li, xin ng vui lng cho ti bit siu th T u?
(C th s dng Could you tell me hi ai mt cch lch s.)
10. Good luck! (Chc may mn!)
11. Congratulations! (Xin chc mng!)
12. My God! (Cha i!)
13. Would you like something to drink? (Bn mun ung g khng?)
14. Lets go fishing. - Thats sounds great.
Chng ta hy i cu c nhe. Nghe hay y.
15. Why not go shopping? Id love to, but Im busy now. Sorry.
Sao li khng i mua sm? Ti thch lm nhng ti khng khe. Xin li.
16. Im terribly sorry. (Ti thnh tht xin li.)
17. No problem. (Khng thnh vn .)
18. Dont worry about it. (ng bn tm v iu .)
19. How beautiful/handsome you are today! (Hm nay bn p lm sao y!)
20. Youre exactly right. (Bn hon ton ng.)
21. I couldnt agree more! (Ti hon ton ng .)
22. Im tired to death. (Ti mt mun cht.)
23. Give me a break. (Hy ti yn.)
24. Can I take a break? (Em c th gii lao?)
25. Keep your promise. (Hy gi li nh.)
26. Dont break your promise. (ng nut li nh.)
27. Im all ears. (Ti ang chm ch nghe.)
28. Dont beat about the bush. (ng vng vo tam quc.)
29. Come back to earth. (Quay v thc t i.)
30. Take your pick. (Hy chn i.)
31. Its your turn. (n lt bn.)
32. It rains cats and dogs. (Tri ma nh trt nc.)
33. Its on me. ( ti tr tin.)
34. Im broke. (Ti b chy ti ri.)
35. Poor you! (Ti nghip bn qu!)
36. Dont pull my leg. (ng tru chc ti.)
37. That chance slips through my fingers. (C hi vut khi tm tay ti.)
38. Watch your language. (Hy cn ngn.)
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39. Behave yourself. (Hy c x cho ng nh.)

40. Thats a tempest in an teapot. (Chuyn b x ra to.)
41. I wouldnt say no. (Ti u c t chi.)
42. They are no match for you. (H khng phi l i th ca bn.)
43. Travel broadens your minds. (i mt ngy n hc mt sn khn.)
44. Its like water off a ducks back. (Nh nc u vt.)
45. At first strange, now familiar. (Trc l sau quen.)
46. I read you like a book. (Ti i guc trong bng bn.)
47. I slipped my tongue. (Ti l li.)
48. The more, the merrier. (Cng ng cng vui.)
49. Im over the moon. (Ti r sung sng/hnh phc.)
50. Hes a pain in the neck. (N l ci gai trong mt.)
51. Take it or leave it? (Ly hay b?)
52. Its up to you. (Ty bn.)
53. I could eat a horse. (Ti c th n mt con nga = Ti rt i bng.)
54. I could drink an ocean. (Ti c th ung c mt i dng = Ti rt kht
nc.)
55. First think, then speak. (Un li 7 ln trc khi ni.)
56. They talk behind my back. (H ni xu sau lng ti.)
57. Id like to join the green summer campaign. (Ti mun tham gia chin dch
ma h xanh.)
58. Many men, many minds. (Chn ngi mi .)
59. Slow but sure. (Chm m chc.)
60. Seeing is believing. (Trm nghe khng bng mt thy.)
61. Love cannot be forced. (p du p m ai n p duyn.)
62. The more you get, the more you want. (c voi i tin.)
63. They change defeat into vitory. (H chuyn bi thnh thng.)
64. The market is flat. (Ch ba m.)
65. Hands off. (Ly tay ra.)
66. Hes dead drunk. (Hn ta say b t.)
67. I freeload a meal/a breakfast/a lunch/a dinner. (Ti n chc.)
68. I eat my fill. (Ti n i/no n.)
69. Nothing doing. (Cn lu, cn khuya.)
70. Dont bully the weak. (ng bt nt k yu.)
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PH LC 3: MT S BI VIT V HC TING ANH

(Su tm t Internet)
Bi 1: Hc Ting Anh Ti sao khng?
Ti cn tr nn nhiu lc cng mun u t hc ting Anh, nhng thc
s cng vic ca ti li khng i hi phi bit ting Anh. Ngay c trong cuc
sng cng him khi ti gp phi tnh hung cn s dng ting Anh. Vy ti c
nn hc ting Anh v liu ting Anh c gip ti cm thy vui v thoi mi hay
khng?
Tr li:
Bn cn bit rng ting Anh khng ch l cng c hu ch cho cng vic
m n cn c th gip ci thin cuc sng ca bn. Ting Anh c th lm cho
bn nhanh tr hn, gp g nhiu ngi hn, kim c nhiu tin hn, v.v. . V
c mt iu chc chn l bn s lun cm thy thoi mi d chu mt khi bn
gii ting Anh. Bn hy th tng tng xem:
Trong mt tit hc ting Anh. Mi ngi ang lm bi tp v bn tn rt
n o. Bn hon thnh cch y hai pht v by gi th mi ngi ang vy
quanh bn hi T extemporaneous ngha l g?, p n cu 2 l g?.
Bn bit cu tr li chnh xc v ni cho h. Bn bit ti sao h tm kim s tr
gip ca bn v h bit bn gii ting Anh. Bn s cm thy mnh c tn
trng v ngng m. Gio vin cng lu ti nng lc ca bn v nhn bn
vi nh mt thn phc.
Bn ang trn chuyn bay tr v sau k ngh. Bn thy ngi ngi bn
cnh ang c mt t bo M. V chuyn bay kh di nn bn quyt nh bt
chuyn vi anh ta. Bn ni: "The engines are awfully loud, aren\'t they?" (ng
c ku to khng khip nh?). Anh ta ci "Yeah. It looks like the airplane may
break into pieces at any moment" (. My bay nh th sp v tung ra thnh
tng mnh bt c lc no). Cuc hi thoi c th tin trin. Bn ni mt cch d
dng v thch th vi iu . Mt giy trc khi chm t, ngi ngi cnh bn
nhn xt: "You speak just like an American. Your pronunciation, your grammar
it's amazing!" (Bn ni y nh mt ngi M vy. Cch pht m ca bn, ng
php ca bn - tht ng kinh ngc!). Bn bc xung my bay, mm ci. Mt
ngy tht tuyt!
Nh mi ngy, bn ang ngi trn xe but ti trng hay ch lm vic.
Bn quyt nh dnh thi gian c vi trang sch. Bn ly mt quyn sch bng
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ting Anh ra. Khi bn bt u c, ngi ngi bn cnh nhn vo ba quyn sch
v ch n ci ta ting Anh. Ngi y nhn bn tht lu y ngng m
v ghen t. Mt lt sau, mt s ngi khc trn xe but cng bt u nhn bn
chm chp. H cng mun c th c mt quyn sch ting Anh nhng h li
khng th. Bn cm thy tht hi lng. Bn s vui v v bn dnh thi gian
hc ting Anh.
Bn ang mt sn bay quc t. Bn ro bc nhanh, trng rt t tin. Bn
hiu ht cc tm bin xung quanh v c nhng thng bo trn loa. Bn bit nu
c bt c vn g bn c th ni chuyn d dng vi nhn vin sn bay bng
ngn ng ring ca h. Bn i v pha cng, thm ngh s kh khn bit nhng
no nu bn khng bit ting Anh.
Bn ang tn hng nhng giy pht tuyt diu bn bn gi ca mnh.
Cc bn ngi tht gn nhau, tay bn vng qua lng nng. Trn i ang du
dng mt bi ht ting Anh tht hay. Bn c th hiu tng t trong li bi ht.
Bn gi ca bn cht hi: Bi ht ni v ci g th anh? Bn tr li: V tnh
yu em. V nng s tht ln: Anh gii th! c g em cng hiu ht ting
Anh ging nh anh. Bn cm thy mnh c yu v c ngng m.
Chc bn lun tm c ngun vui v cm gic thch th vi mn ting Anh!

Bi 2: 15 li khuyn hc ting Anh hiu qu

Bn mun nng cp k nng s dng ting Anh ca mnh? lm c
iu ny, bn cn c phng php c th v hiu qu. Hy tham kho nhng
li khuyn sau.
(1) Tch cc xem truyn hnh, video, nghe i, c bo ch ting Anh hoc ni
chuyn vi ngi bn ng bt c khi no bn c c hi.
(2) S dng ting Anh nhiu ni ch khng phi ch trong lp hc.
(3) Chi tr chi v tp cc bi ht ting Anh.
(4) Khi ni chuyn bng ting Anh, c gng din t bng mi cch c th c
k c dng iu b.
(5) Nn hi li hoc ngh ng ni nhc li nu cha hiu r ngha.
(6) ng bao gi s mc li khi ni v vit ting Anh.
(7) p dng t v cu trc mi hc c trong nhiu tnh hung khc nhau.
(8) c cc bi vit khc nhau v cng mt ch im. Tp ni v vit theo cc
ch im .
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(9) C gng on ngha ca t, cu bng cch can c ni dung bi c, bi nghe

hoc tnh hung giao tip (khng nn qu ph thuc vo t in).
(10) So snh hiu c s khc nhau gia ting Anh v ting Vit.
(11) T cha li trc khi c bn hoc thy cha.
(12) Hc theo nhm hoc theo cp l tt nht.
(13) Hc thuc cc quy tc ng php, t mi hay cc on hi thoi mu.
(14) Nghe bng v tp vit chnh t thng xuyn.
(15) Th p dng cc phng php trn trong khong 2 - 3 thng, bn s bit
ngay kt qu hc tp ca mnh.

Bi 3: CI THIN TC C
1. Mt s thi quen xu nn khc phc khi c
- Lips moving (Mi chuyn ng)
- Fingers pointing (Tay ch t)
- Head moving (u chuyn ng)
- Reading one word at a time (c tng t mt)
2. Cch c nhanh
Ngi c nhanh bit rng b quyt tht s ca vic c nhanh l mi ln
c lt c th nm c ton b cc nhm t. Ngay sau khi bn bit cch c
c thay v tng t hay nhm t l bn c nhanh hn ri .
Bn cng cn tng bc tng tc c. C l bn c thi quen c chm.
Nu th, bn phi n lc y mnh vic thc tp ca mnh. Bn i nhanh hn
khi mun i mt khong cch di trong mt thi gian ngn. Khi c bn cng
cn lm iu tng t nh th.
Hai iu quan trng nht cn phi ghi nh khi hc cch c nhanh l (1)
c theo tng v (2) c lt mt theo dng ch cng nhanh cng tt.

Bi 4: Lm giu vn t vng khi hc ting Anh

Hy tng tng vic hc mt ngn ng mi ging nh bn xy mt ngi
nh trn mt mnh t trng. Chc chn bn s phi thit k ni tht, mua
sm c hay trang tr nh ca. Nhng trc khi lm nhng vic ny bn
phi hon thnh vic xy dng phn th ca cng trnh.
T vng ca mt ngn ng va l nn mng va l nhng vin gch
gip bn xy dng mt ngi nh vng chi. Mc d khng nht thit phi c
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mt s lng gch khng l nhng bn cng c nhiu gch th ngi nh s

cng ln v ng nhin bn s thy thoi mi hn.
Cc nghin cu ca nhiu nh ngn ng hc chng minh rng chng ta
ch cn khong 100 t thng gp l c th thc hin tt vic giao tip c bn
bng th ting . Nhng khong 100 vin gch nh vy ch xy mt cn
h mt phng trong khi thc t ngi ta li mun c mt bit th hai tng. l
l do ti sao ngi hc ngoi ng lun tm kim b quyt lm giu vn t vng
ca bn thn.
Ngi ta ch c th lm giu khi trong tay c mt lng vn nht nh.
V b quyt lm giu c bit ny cng vy. N ch dnh cho nhng ai
nm tng i vng vn t vng c bn. Nu bn hc ngoi ng theo mt
cun gio trnh no , th vn t c bn ca bn s c phn b hn ch do
nhng cun gio trnh ngoi ng thng ch tp trung vo mt s lnh vc nht
nh trong cuc sng. Khi , vic p dng b quyt ny thnh cng khng phi
l chuyn n gin.
c v nghe(1) thng tin bng ting Anh l hai cch cc k hiu qu
trong vic lm phong ph vn t vng. Bt c khi no c c hi nghe ai ni
ting Anh hay x l vn bn bng th ting ny, hy c gng ht sc mnh
hiu r nhng thng tin m bn nhn c. Tp trung ch vo nhng t m
bn khng bit. Hy th on ngha ca chng qua ng cnh xut hin. Nu
khng th on ra, hy lun mang theo mt cun t in nh tra ngha ca
chng. c bit l khi bn c ch khng phi nghe thng tin, hy ch ti
cch pht m ca nhng t mi (Mt cun t in tt lun cung cp cho bn c
ngha v phin m ca mt t).
Mt cch hiu qu khng km nng cao vn t vng l tham gia vo
nhng hot ng giao tip (2) hai chiu bng ting Anh. Nhng tr chi ting
Anh hay nhng tr chi in t bng th ting ny l mt cch rt th v m
rng vn t. Khi chi in t, hy c gng lin h nhng g ang xy ra trn
mn hnh vi nhng iu m bn nghe hay c c trong trng hp bn bt
ng gp t mi.
Cch th t s hu mt vn t vng phong ph l thc hin chng
trnh m cc kho hc ngoi ng vn gi l mi ngy mt t mi(3). T to cho
mnh thi quen tra mt t mi mi ngy v c gng ghi nh n. ng nhin
bn khng nn tra mt t ting Anh no him khi gp hay khng c tc dng
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thc t g vi cng vic ca bn. Thay vo , hy tp trung vo nhng t

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thng dng m bn cha bit, c bit l nhng t m bn c c hi gp hng

ngy khi tip xc vi mi ngi.
Nu bit kt hp nhng phng php hc t vng ny vi nhau, vn t
vng giao tip ca bn s tng ln mt cch ng k, u n m li khng h
gy ra tnh trng qu ti cho b nh ca bn. Tnh trng ny cng ging nh
git nc lm trn ly. Vn t ca bn chng nhng khng giu ln m cn
ngho i v ngay c nhng t hc cng khng cn trong b nh.

Bi 5: Nng cao k nng c hiu

Khi bn hc bt k th ting no, vic hc k nng nghe, ni v vit l
rt cn thit. Nhng k nng c cng khng km phn quan trng. Khi bn
hc k nng ny bn s hc c rt nhiu iu b ch bn cnh cch c th
no cho ng.
1. Trc tin bn s lm cho vn t vng ca bn tr nn phong ph v sinh
ng vi nhng v d c th t bi c. Chc chn bn s gp khng t t mi
khi c mt bi kho bng ting Anh. Nu c qu nhiu t mi th bi mt
trnh qu cao so vi kh nng ca bn v bn nn tm ci g n gin hn.
Nhng nu ti a ch c 5 t mi trong mt trang, bn s hc nhng t mi ny
mt cch d dng. C th bn khng cn dng n t in v bn c th on
ngha ca chng t ng cnh ca ton bi v t ngha ca nhng t m bn
bit. Lm vy bn s khng ch hc c t mi m cn hc c cch s dng
chng trong nhng vn cnh c th.
2. Bi c l ngun cung cp di do t liu cho mn vit. Khi bn c mt bi
vit bng ting Anh, chnh n l mt v d thc t minh ho cho nhng bi
lun ting Anh. Nhng bi vit nh th cung cp cho bn nhng cu trc cng
nh cch din t m bn c th dng trong bi vit ca mnh.
3. c nhng bi vit ca ngi bn x l mt c hi tuyt vi hc ng php.
Vn vit c nhng yu cu nghim ngt v chnh xc ca nhng cu trc ng
php. y l im khc bit gia vn ni v vn vit. V th khi c nhng bi
vit bng ting Anh bn c th hc ng php mt cch t nhin m li ht sc
chun xc.
4. Bn c th lm vic nhanh hay chm tu . Bn c th c 10 trang trong
vng 30 pht hay dnh hn 1 ting ch c 1 trang. iu hon ton tu
thuc vo mun ca bn. Nhng bn khng th lm vy khi nghe hay ni
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bng ting Anh. Li th ln nht ca c so vi cc hot ng khc l bn hon

ton ch ng v mt thi gian.
5. Bn c th la chn th m mnh s c. Nu bn chn th g m bn
thch c th vic hc k nng ny s tr nn th v v hu ch. V d, nu
bn thch bng , sao khng th c v nhng bi vit v mn th thao ny
bng ting Anh. Bn s va c nhng thng tin th v, cp nht v mn th thao
yu thch va cng c k nng c bng ting Anh ca mnh.
Nhng lm th no tn dng c nhng li th ny ca mn c?
Nhng li khuyn di y s cho bn cu tr li.
1) C gng c nhng bi vit ph hp vi trnh . Hy c nhng g m bn
c th hiu c t nhiu. Nu c 3 t bn li phi dng tra t mi mt ln
th bi c chng cn g th v v bn s nhanh chng mt ht hng th
tip tc.
2) Ghi ch bn cnh nhng t mi m bn gp trong bi c. Nu c khong 4
n 5 t mi trong mt trang, hy vit chng vo trong s t mi ca bn.
Nhng bn khng cn phi lm ngay vic ny khi ang dc d. Thay v lm
vy, hy c gng on ngha ca chng khi bn c, nh du v xem li khi
bn c xong tra t trong t in v ghi li vo v t vng.
3) C gng c mt cch thng xuyn. Chng hn, bn c th c mt on
ngn mi ngy. 15 pht mi ngy s hiu qu hn l 2 ting mt ngy ch nht.
Dnh hn mt khong thi gian nht nh trong ngy c v c gng duy tr
u n. V d, bn c th dnh 15 pht trc khi i ng, khi ng dy hay khi
n tra c.
4) Hy chun b sn sng mi th cho vic c: th g c, bt nh dng
nh du, t in, s t vng v bt ghi li t mi.
5) c nhng g m bn yu thch hay quan tm. Hy chn mt cun tp ch
hay mt quyn sch ni v ch m bn cm thy hng th.

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disadvantage (n) bt li
UNIT 9: THE POST OFFICE expansion (n) s m rng

D. WRITING
VOCABULARY
A. READING
advanced (a) tin tin
courteous (a) lch s
equip (v) trang b
express (a) nhanh
Express Mail Service (EMS) dch v
chuyn pht nhanh
facsimile (n) bn sao, my fax
graphic (n) hnh ha
Messenger Call Service (n) dch v
in thoi
notify (v) thng bo
parcel (n) bu kin
press (n) bo ch
receive (v) nhn
recipient (n) ngi nhn
B. SPEAKING
clerk (n) th k
customer (n) khch hng
document (n) ti liu
fee (n) chi ph
Flower Telegram Service (n) dch v
in hoa
C. LISTENING
advantage (n) thun li
capacity (n) cng sut
cellphone (n) in thoi di ng
commune (n) x
demand (n) nhu cu
digit (n) ch s
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secure (a) an ton, bo m

service (n) dch v
spacious (a) rng ri
speedy (a) nhanh chng
staff (n) i ng
subscribe (v) ng k, t mua (di
hn)
surface mail (n) th gi ng b
hoc ng bin
technology (n) cng ngh
thoughtful (a) su sc
transfer (n;v) chuyn
transmit (v) gi, pht, truyn
well-trained (a) lnh ngh

greetings card (n) thip chc mng

install (v) lp t
registration (n) s ng k
telephone line (n) ng dy in
thoi

fixed (a) c nh
on the phone (exp) ang ni chuyn
in thoi
reduction (n) s gim bt
rural network (n) mng li nng
thn
subscriber (n) thu bao
upgrade (v) nng cp
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arrogant (a) kiu ngo punctuality (n) tnh ng gi

attitude (n) thi quality (n) cht lng
describe (v) m t reasonable (a) hp l
director (n) gim c resident (n) ngi dn
dissatisfaction (n) s khng hi lng satisfaction (n) s hi lng
picpocket (n) k mc ti security (n) an ninh
price (n) gi c
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
abroad (adv) nc ngoi north-west (n) hng ty bc
arrest (v) bt gi pacifist (n) ngi theo ch ngha ha
brave (a) can m bnh
break into (v) ln vo rebuild (v) ti xy dng
burglar (n) tn trm release (v) th ra
coward (n) k hn nht rent (n) tin thu
design (v) thit k shoplifter (n) k cp gi lm khch
destroy (v) ph hy mua hng
first language (n) ting m steal (v) n cp
French (n) ting Php tenant (n) ngi thu/mn
German (n) ting c waitress (n) bi bn n
injured (a) b thng war (n) chin tranh
GRAMMAR
Hai ni dung cc em cn nh: defining relative clauses (mnh quan h
xc nh) v non-defining relative clauses (mnh quan h khng xc nh).
Hai loi mnh ny (trong phm vi bi hc) bt u bng WHO, WHOM,
WHICH, v WHOSE v c t ngay sau danh t n ph ngha.
1) DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Mnh quan h xc nh khng th b i v nu khng c n, cu s
khng r ngha. Cc em hy xem v d mu v lm tng t vi cc v d cn li.
Xong, th ly mnh quan h xc nh ra khi cu xem cu cn r ngha hay
khng.
Ex: a) The woman is my sister. She is standing over there.
---> The woman who is standing over there is my sister.
(Ngi ph n ang ng ng kia l ch ca ti.)
b) The man is my teacher. She saw him at the post office yesterday.
--->
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.
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(Ngi n ng m ti c ta gp ti bu in hm qua l thy ti.)

c) She works for a company. It produces cars.
---> .
(C ta lm vic cho mt cng ty sn xut xe hi.)
d) The girl lives in our neighbourhood. Her parents are working in a post
office.
--->
(C gi m cha m ang cng tc ti mt bu in sng trong xm chng ta.)
* CH :
(1) WHO, WHOM v WHICH c th c thay bng THAT
(2) WHOM c th c thay bng WHO
Tm tt cng thc:

DANH T CH T TC T S HU
Ngi WHO/THAT WHO(M)/THAT
WHOSE
Vt/.vt WHICH/THAT

2) NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

Mnh ny c th c lc b (khi cu vn cn r ngha) v thng
c tch khi mnh chnh bng du phy ,. Ta dng mnh quan h
khng hn nh khi:
- Trc danh t quan h c: this/that/these/those/my/her/his/
- T quan h l tn ring hoc danh t ring.
Ex: My father is a doctor. He is fifty years old.
---> My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor.
Mr Brown is a very nice teacher. We studied English with him.
---> .
* CH : KHNG dng THAT trong mnh ny.
Mr Brown, that we studied English with, is a very nice teacher.
By gi cc em hy cng vi bn vit ra cc bc kt hp hai cu thnh mt,
dng hai loi mnh trn.
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Admin Nhun (01649832713)

UNIT 10: NATURE IN DANGER

VOCABULARY
A. READING
action (n) hnh ng
affect (v) nh hng
Africa (n) chu Phi
agriculture (n) nng nghip
cheetah (n) loi bo gpa
co-exist (v) sng chung, cng tn ti
consequence (n) hu qu
destruction (n) s ph hy
dinosaur (n) khng long
disappear (v) bin mt
effort (n) n lc
endangered (a) b nguy him
estimate (v) c tnh
exist (v) tn ti
extinct (a) tuyt chng
habit (n) thi quen
human being (n) con ngi
human race (n) nhn loi
in danger (exp) c nguy c
industry (n) cng nghip
B. SPEAKING
burn (v) t
capture (v) bt
cultivation (n) trng trt
cut down (v) n
discharge (v) thi ra, ra
discourage (v) khng khuyn khch
encourage (v) khuyn khch
fertilizer (n) phn bn
C. LISTENING
completely (a) hon ton
devastating (a) tn ph
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interference (n) s can thip

law (n) lut
make sure (v) m bo
nature (n) thin nhin
offspring (n) con chu, dng di
panda (n) gu trc
planet (n) hnh tinh
pollutant (n) cht gy nhim
prohibit (v) cm
rare (a) him
respect (n) kha cnh
responsible (a) c trch nhim
result in (v) gy ra
save (v) cu
scatter (v) phn tn
serious (a) nghim trng
species (n) ging, loi
supply (v;n) cung cp
whale (n) c voi
wind (n) gi

fur (n) lng th

hunt (v) sn
pesticide (n) thuc tr su
pet (n) vt nui trong nh
skin (n) da
threaten (v) e da
wood (n) g

maintenance (n) s gi gn, duy tr

preserve (v) bo tn
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protect (v) bo v vehicle (n) xe c

scenic feature (n) c im cnh vt
D. WRITING
abundant (a) di do, phong ph historic (a) thuc lch s
area (n) din tch island (n) hn o
bone (n) xng landscape (n) phong cnh
coastal waters (n) vng bin duyn location (n) a im
hi stone tool (n)
east (n) pha ng tropical (a) nhit i
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
accident (n) tai nn half (n) hip
blame (v) li midway (adv) na ng
concern (v) quan tm, bn tm miss (v) nh
familiar (a) quen owe (v) mc n
fantastic (a) hay, hp dn point (n) thi im
give up (v) u hng present (n) mn qu
grateful (a) bit n share (v) chia s
GRAMMAR
Trc khi hc phn mi, cc em cn xem li mc 1) v 2) trang 2 v 3
n li cch s dng WHO(M), WHICH, THAT v WHOSE (thy mun nhc nh
cc em iu g khi vit WHO(M)-khng phi l WHO, WHOM- v THAT?).
By gi cc em bt u tm hiu ni dung bi mi.
RELATIVE PRONOUNS WITH PREPOSITIONS
Cc em hy cng cc bn vit ra mt s prepositions (gii t).

Hy xem v d (1) di y v c gng ch ra s khc nhau gia (a) v (b)

sau , hy t lm v d (2). Cui cng t rt ra cho mnh cc bc kt hp cu.
Ex: (1) The man is my uncle. You talked to him yesterday.
---> (a) The man who(m) you talked to yesterday is my uncle.
---> (b) The man to whom you talked yesterday is my uncle.
(2) The house is very big. He was born in it.
---> (a)
---> (b)
* CH : CH dng WHOM hoc WHICH sau gii t.
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Admin Nhun (01649832713)

UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY

VOCABULARY
A. READING
alternative (a) thay th oil (n) du
at the same time (exp) cng lc
available (a) sn c
balloon (n) bong bng
coal (n) than
cost (v) tn (tin)
dam (n) p (ngn nc)
electricity (n) in
energy (n) nng lng
exhausted (a) cn kit
fossil fuel (n) nhin liu ha thch
geothermal heat (n) a nhit
infinite (a) v hn
make use of (exp) tn dng
nuclear energy (a) nng lng ht
nhn
B. SPEAKING
abundant (a) di do, phong ph
convenient (a) tin li
enormous (a) to ln, khng l
harmful (a) c hi
hydroelectricity (n) thy in
C. LISTENING
ecologist (n) nh sinh thi hc
ecology (n) sinh thi hc
fertilize (v) bn phn
grass (n) c
D. WRITING
as can be seen (exp) c th thy
chart (n) biu
consumption (n) s tiu th
follow (v) theo sau
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plentiful (a) nhiu radiation (n) phng x

pollution (n) s nhim
power demand (n) nhu cu s dng
in
release (v) phng ra
reserve (n) tr lng
roof (n) mi nh
safe (a) an ton
sailboat (n) thuyn bum
save (v) tit kim
solar energy (n) nng ng mt tri
solar panel (n) tm thu nng lng
mt tri
wave (n) sng (nc)
windmill (n) ci xay gi
renewable (a) c th thay th
run out (v) cn kit
land (n) t
ocean (n) i dng
petroleum (n) du ha, du m
replace (v) thay th
make up (v) chim (s lng)
show (v) ch ra
total (a)

nuclear reactor (n) phn ng ht nhn

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E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
apartment (n) cn h overlook (v) nhn ra
cancer (n) ung th park (n) cng vin
catch (v) bt c photograph (n) bc hnh
cause (n) nguyn nhn present (v) trnh by
conduct (v) tin hnh progress (n) s tin trin
experiment (n) cuc th nghim publish (v) xut bn
extraordinary (a) l thng reach (v) t ti
fence (n) hng ro research (v) nghin cu
locate (v) nm surround (v) bao quanh
GRAMMAR
Relative clauses replaced by participles and to infinitives
(Mnh quan h c thay bng phn t v ng t nguyn mu c TO)
Trc tin, cc em cn bit: (1) hai loi participles l (a) present
participles: hin ti phn t (dng thm ing ca ng t, nh eating, speaking,
writing, ) v (b) past participles: qu kh phn t (dng V3/ed ca ng t,
nh written, done, published, ) (2) cc t ch th t (nh the first, the second,
the last, .. ) v (3) to infinitives: ng t nguyn mu c TO (nh to write, to
drink, to be, ). By gi, cc em hy quan st cc v d di y v cng vi cc
bn ch ra ba ni dung cn ghi nh t cc v d (b).
Ex1: (a) The man who spoke to John is my brother.
(b) The man speaking to John is my brother.
Ex2: (a) Do you know the lady that is drinking coffee over there?
(b) Do you know the lady drinking coffee over there?
Ex3: (a) Do you Kieus Story which was written by Nguyen Du?
(b) Do you Kieus Story written by Nguyen Du?
Ex4: (a) Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.
(b) Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.
Ni dung cn ghi nh:
(1)
(2)
(3)
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Admin Nhun (01649832713)

UNIT 12: THE ASIAN GAMES

VOCABULARY
A. READING
advance (v) tin b
appreciate (v) nh gi cao
aquatic sports (n) th thao di nc
athletics (n) in kinh
basketball (n) bng r
billiards (n) bi da
bodybuilding (n) th dc th hnh
cycling (n) ua xe p
decade (n) thp k (10 nm)
enthusiasm (n) s hng hi, nhit tnh
facility (n) tin nghi
fencing (n) u kim
gold (n) vng
hockey (n) khc cn cu
host country (n) nc ch nh

B. SPEAKING
bronze (n) ng
karatedo (n) v karat
C. LISTENING
bar (n) thanh, x
freestyle (n) kiu bi t do
gymnasium (n) phng th dc dng
c
gymnast (n) vn ng vin th dc
D. WRITING
advertise (v) qung co
equip (v) trang b
hold (v) t chc
promote (v) qung b
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
apply for (a job) (v) xin vic
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intercultural knowledge (n) kin thc

lin vn ha
medal (n) huy chng
mountain biking (n) ua xe p a
hnh
purpose (n) mc ch
quality (n) cht lng
rugby (n) bng bu dc
shooting (n) bn sng
skill (n) k nng
solidarity (n) tnh on kt
squash (n) bng qun
strength (n) sc mnh
take place (v) din ra
weightlifting (n) c t
wrestling (n) u vt

silver (n) bc

gymnastics (n) mn th dc dng c

high jump (n) nhy cao
live (a) trc tip
long jump (n) nhy xa
record (n) k lc

recruit (v) tuyn

stadium (n) sn vn ng
upgrade (v) nng cp
widen (v) m rng

book (v) mua v trc

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diamond (n) kim cng repair (v) sa

flight (n) chuyn bay ring (n) chic nhn
modern (a) hin i
GRAMMAR
Omission of relative pronouns (Lc b i t quan h)
Trc tin, cc em cn n li kin thc v mnh quan h (xem li mc
1) v 2) trang 2 v 3). Hy xem cc v d di y v tr li cu hi: khi no c
th lc b i t quan h (WHO(M), WHICH, THAT)?
Ex1: I like the diamond ring. Mary is wearing it.
S V O
---> (a) I like the diamond ring which/that Mary is wearing.
---> (b) I like the diamond ring Mary is wearing.
Ex2: The man is my teacher. She saw him at the post office yesterday.
S V O
---> (a)
---> (b)
By gi cc em hy tr li cu hi bn trn.
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Admin Nhun (01649832713)

UNIT 13: HOBBIES

VOCABULARY
A. READING
accompany (v) m n, m nhc
accomplished (a) c ti, c khi
admire (v) ngng m
avid (a) khao kht, thm thung
collect (v) su tp
collection (n) b su tp
collector (n) ngi su tp
common (n) chung
discard (v) vt b
B. SPEAKING
book stall (n) quy sch
broaden (v) m rng (kin thc)
category (n) loi, hng, nhm
classify (v) phn loi
climb (v) leo, tro
exchange (v) trao i
hero (n) anh hng
C. LISTENING
bygone (a) qu kh, qua ri
continually (adv) lin tc
cope with (v) i ph, ng u
fairy tale (n) chuyn c tch
D. WRITING
guideline (n) hng dn
imaginary (a) tng tng
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
frighten (v) lm khip s
postcard (n) bu thip
presence (n) s hin din
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envelope (n) bao th

fish tank (n) b c
indulge in (v) say m
modest (a) khim tn
occupied (a) bn rn
practise (v) thc hnh
stamp (n) con tem
throw away (v) nm i
tune (n) giai iu

mountain (n) ni
name tag (n) nhn ghi tn
organize (v) sp xp
overseas (adv) nc ngoi
pen friend (n) bn qua th t
politician (n) chnh tr gia
postman (n) ngi a th

gigantic (a) khng l

ignorantly (adv) ngu dt, dt nt
otherwise (conj) nu khng th
profitably (adv) c ch

plan (n) k hoch

real (a) c tht

present (n) mn qu
repair (v) sa cha
stranger (n) ngi l
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GRAMMAR
Cleft sentences (cu ch)
Qua ni dung phn ny cc em s bit cch dng cu trc nhn mnh iu
mnh hay ai mun cp n. Hy xem v d v cho bit thnh phn no
trong cu c nhn mnh v cu trc g c dng nhn mnh iu cn din
t.
Ex1: Mr Duy teaches English in Thong Linh High school.
S V O Adv
---> (a) It is Mr Duy that teaches English in Thong Linh High school.
---> (b) It is English that Mr Duy teaches in Thong Linh High school.
---> (c) It is in Thong Linh High school that Mr Duy teaches English.
Ex2: The boy hit the dog in the garden. (Cu b trai nh con ch trong vn.)
S V O Adv
---> (a) It was the boy that hit the dog in the garden.
---> (b) It was the dog that the boy hit in the garden.
---> (c) It was in the garden that the boy hit the dog.
Thnh phn cu c nhn mnh l:
(a) _______________
(b) _______________ FOCUS
(c) _______________
Cu trc:
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UNIT 14: RECREATION

VOCABULARY
A. READING
art (n) ngh thut
by far (exp) rt nhiu, hn xa
course (n) kho hc
cricket (n) mn crik
dart (n) mn nm phi tiu
do-it-yourself (DIY) t lm
engrave (v) chm, khc
entry qualification (n) iu kin nhp
hc
form (n) hnh thc
glass (n) thu tinh
household (n) h gia nh
leisure activity (n) hot ng tiu
khin
B. SPEAKING
active (a) nng ng
agreement (n) s ng
camping (n) cm tri
coach (n) xe
disagreement (n) s bt ng
hire (v) thu
C. LISTENING
campground (n) ni cm tri
comfortable (a) thoi mi
depressed (a) chn nn, phin mun
desert (n) sa mc
dirt bike (n) xe mt a hnh
D. WRITING
camp fire (n) la tri
campsite (n) i im cm tri
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
airport (n) sn bay
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musical instrument (n) nhc c

on offer (exp) m, c sn
pastime (n) tr tiu khin
pool (n) mn bida pun (chi vi 16
banh mu)
practical (a) thc t
recreation (n) s tiu khin
snooker (n) mn bida l
sophisticated (a) phc tp, rc ri
spare time (n) thi gian rnh
spectator sport (n) mn th thao thu
ht nhiu khn gi
trend (n) xu hng

rest (v) ngh ngi

scenery (n) phong cnh
spectacular (a) ngon mc, hng v
tent (n) cn lu
wildlife (n) i sng hoang d

giant (n) to ln
solitude (n) s bit lp, c c
trash (n) rc
waterfall (n) thc nc
wilderness (n) min hoang d

forest (n) khu rng

put up (v) dng (lu)

describe (v) m t
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direction (n) hng i pedestrian (n) khch b hnh

hometown (n) qu nh prefer (v) thch hn
novel (n) tiu thuyt prince (n) hong t
park (v) u xe wallet (n) v tin
passport (n) h chiu
GRAMMAR
1) Conjunctions (lin t):
Qua ni dung phn ny, cc em s bit cch dng cc cp lin t sau: both
and (c ln), not only but also (khng nhng m cn), either or (hoc
hoc), neither nor (khng cng khng)
Ex1: Tom was late. So was Ann.
(Tom i tr. Ann cng vy.)
---> Both Tom and Ann were late. (C Tom ln Ann u tr.)
Ex2: She is intelligent. She is also beautiful.
(C ta thng minh. C ta cn xinh ep.)
---> She is not only intelligent but also beautiful.
(C ta khng nhng thng minh m cn xinh p.)
Ex3: You can take this book or that one, not two of them.
(Anh c th ly quyn sch ny hoc quyn kia, khng ly c hai.)
---> You can take either this book or that one.
(Anh c th ly hoc quyn sch ny hoc quyn kia.)
Ex4: She didnt write and she didnt phone.
(C ta khng vit th v khng gi in.)
---> She neither wrote nor phoned. (C ta khng vit th cng khng gi in.)
By gi cc em cng cc bn hy rt ra kt lun khi no dng cc cp lin t
trn.
2) Cleft sentences in the passive (Cu ch dng b ng)
Trc tin, cc em hy xem li phn Grammar (Cleft sentences) trang
11. By gi, quan st hai v d di y v so snh vi ni dung trang 11.
Ex1: Mr Duy teaches English in Thong Linh High school.
---> It is English that is taught in Thong Linh High school by Mr Duy.
Ex2: The boy hit the dog in the garden.
---> It was the dog that was hit in the garden by the boy.
Hy so snh vi ni dung trang 11.
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UNIT 15: SPACE CONQUEST

VOCABULARY
A. READING
astronaut (n) phi hnh gia
cosmonaut (n) nh du hnh v tr
(Nga)
desire (n) kht vng
feat (n) chin cng
gravity (n) trng lc
honour (v) tn knh
last (v) ko di
lift off (v) (tu v tr) phng vt ln
mile per hour (n) dm / gi
name after (v) t tn theo
orbit (n) qu o
plane crash (n) v ri my bay
B. SPEAKING
artificial (a) nhn to
carry out (v) tin hnh
launch (v) phng (tu v tr)
manned (a) c ngi iu khin
C. LISTENING
achievement (n) thnh tu
congress (n) quc hi (M)
experiment (n) cuc th nghim
Mars (n) sao Ho
mission (n) s mnh, nhim v
D. WRITING
appoint (v) b nhim
biography (n) tiu s
join (v) tham gia
leap (n) bc nhy
M.S. thc s khoa hc (Master of
Science)
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psychological tension (n) cng thng

tm l
react (v) phn ng
set foot on (exp) t chn ln
space (n) v tr
spacecraft (n) tu v tr
technical failure (n) trc trc k thut
telegram (n) in tn
temperature (n) nhit
uncertainty (n) s khng chc chn
venture (n) vic mo him
weightlessness (n) tnh trng khng
trng lng

mark a milestone (exp) to bc

ngoc
satellite (n) v tinh

NASA (n) c quan hng khng v v

tr Hoa K (National Aeronautics
and Space Administration)
return (v) tr v

mankind (n) nhn loi

pilot (n) phi cng
quote (n) li trch dn
receive (v) nhn c
resign (v) t chc
step (n) bc i
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E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
contact (v) lin lc leg (n) chn
figure (n) con s; hnh mirror (n) gng
hurt (v) lm au, au try on (v) th (qun o)
jacket (n) o vt
GRAMMAR
1) Could, was/were able to (c th, c kh nng)
1.1. Could: c dng ch kh nng ni chung hoc c php lm iu g
trong qu kh.
Ex1: My grandfather was very clever. He could speak five languages.
(ng ti rt thng minh. ng c th ni nm th ting.)
Ex2: We were totally free. We could do whatever we wanted.
(Chng ta hon ton rnh ri. Chng ta c th lm nhng g mnh mun.)
1.2. Was/were able to: bn cnh ch kh nng COULD, cn c c dng
ch kh nng xy ra mt tnh hung c th trong qu kh.
Ex: A girl fell into the river, but fortunately we were able to rescue her.
(Mt c gi t xung sng, nhng tht may mn chng ti c th cu c ta.)
*CH : i vi cu ph nh, c th dng COULD NOT hoc WAS/WERE
NOT ABLE TO.
Ex: My father couldnt swim. (=My father wasnt able to swim.)
TM TT:
COULD WAS/WERE ABLE TO
Kh nng Kh nng
Ni chung C th
NOT NOT
2) Tag questions (cu hi ui)
Hy quan st cc phn in m v gch di trong cc v d di y v cho
bit cch thnh lp cu hi ui.
Ex1: You are a student, arent you?
Ex2: The film wasnt very interesting, was it?
Ex3: Mary does a lot of homework every day, doesnt she?
Ex4: John didnt go to school yesterday, did he?
Ex5: We have seen this film twice, havent we?
Ex5: They can swim very fast, cant they?
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Hy cho bit cch thnh lp cu hi ui.

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UNIT 16: THE WONDERS OF THE WORLD

VOCABULARY
A. READING
base (n) nn mng
block (n) khi
burial (n) s mai tng
chamber (n) bung, phng
circumstance (n) tnh hung
construction (n) cng trnh; s xy
dng
enclose (v) dng tng, ro (xung
quanh ci g)
entrance (n) li vo
exit (n) li ra
journey (n) cuc hnh trnh
mandarin (n) v quan
man-made (a) nhn to
metre square (n) mt vung
B. SPEAKING
builder (n) ngi xy dng
fact (n) s tht, s vic
giant (a) khng l
high (a) cao
C. LISTENING
ancient (a) c, thi xa
attraction (n) s thu ht
average (a) trung bnh
cover (v) bao ph
dynasty (n) triu i
feature (n) c im
height (n) cao
length (n) chiu di
D. WRITING
architecture (n) kin trc
brief (a) ngn gn, vn tt
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mysterious (a) huyn b, b n transport (v) vn chuyn

pharaoh (n) vua Ai Cp c
pyramid (n) kim t thp
ramp (n) ng dc magnificence (n) v trng l, lng
rank (v) xp hng ly
spiral (a) hnh xon c province (n) tnh
stone (n) roadway (n) ng i
surpass (v) vt qua, tri hn significance (n) s quan trng
theory (n) gi thuyt visible (a) c th thy c
tomb (n) m, m, m world heritage (n) di sn th gii
treasure (n) kho bu
wall (n) bc tng
wheelchair (n) xe ln central Vietnam (n) min Trung Vit
wonder (n) k quan Nam

opinion (n) kin

sure (a) chc chn
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consist of (v) bao gm marble (n) cm thch

dedicate (v) dnh cho ( tng nh) sandstone (n) sa thch ( do ct kt
god (n) v thn li thnh)
illustrate (v) minh ho statue (n) tng
in honour of (exp) tng nh (t throne (n) ngai vng
lng tn knh) tower (n) thp
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
believe (v) tin puppy (n) ch con, cn
escape (v) chy thot report (v) bo co
factory (n) nh my strike (n) cuc nh cng
flood (n) l lt suppose (v) cho l
homeless (a) v gia c wanted (a) b truy n
prisoner (n) t nhn
GRAMMAR
Trong phn ny, cc em s bit s dng hai cch mi chuyn cu
tng thut sang cu b ng. Hy quan st cc v d v cho bit l hai cch
no. (A) l vit tt ca Active (ch ng) v (P) l Passive (b ng).
Ex1: (A) People say that he is intelligent.

(P1)It is said that he is intelligent. (P2) He is said to be intelligent.

Ex2: (A) They believed that she came here.

(P1)It was believed that she came here. (P2) She was believed to come here

Hy cho bit hai cch chuyn cu tng thut sang b ng cc em va

hc c.
(P1)
(A) S + V + that + S + V
(P2)

* CH : ng t tng thut thng gp: say (ni), think (ngh), believe (tin),
suppose (cho l), report (tng thut), expect (trng ch), know (bit)