CITIZENSHIP

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 Basic Emotions
Primary or basic emotions are those that we feel first, as a first
response to a situation. Thus, if we are threatened, we may feel
fear. When we hear of a death, we may feel sadness. They are unt-
hinking, instinctive responses that we have. We will typically see
these in animals also, which confirms our suspicion that they have
an evolutionary basis.
Typical primary emotions incluide:
fear, digust, surprise anger, sadness, and happiness.
The problem sometimes with primary emotions is that they disap-
pear as fast as they appear. Their replacement by secondary emo-
tions complicates the situation, making it difficult to understand
what is really going on.

Secondary Emotions
Secondary emotions appear after basic emotions. They may be
caused directly by them, for example where the fear of a threat
turns to anger that fuels the body for a fight reaction. They may
also come from more complex chains of thinking.
 Emotions wheel
It starts in the inner circle where you can find the 6 basic
emotional states:
happyness / sadness / disgust / anger / fear / surprise
The middle circle shows different types of happiness, sadness, dis-
gust, anger, fear and surprise, ranging from mild emotions (not so
strong) such as bored to intense emotions (much stronger) such
as despair.
The outer circle provides two synonyms (words with a similar but
not exactly the same meaning) for the emotional states in the
middle circle.
 Expressing Emotions

` How do you feel in these situations?

It is sunny. You
You wear a new Your meal
are going to the
sweter is cold
beach
You have an You had an
You arribe late
exam and you argument with
at school
didnt study a classmate
Your Play
It is raining You have
Statrion is
all day nothing to do
not working
Your football
You are Your are going
team has lost an
swimming to a concert
important match
 Emotions chart
Lets think a little bit. Try to complete the
following chart that combines some basic
emotions. You can use the previous emotion
wheel and a dictionary as well.
1. Watch the video and answer these questions:
A) Where does the story happen?
In a village
In a park
In a supermarket

B) Who appears in the story?

Two boys and an old lady
Several kids
A couple

2: Write T (TRue) or F (false)

A) Boy 1 doesnt need a new pair of shoes.
B) Boy 2 wants to be Boy 1.
C) Boy 1 is happy
D) Boy 2 is sad

3. Watch the video again and answer the questions. Then discuss
with your partner.
A) What would you do if you were in that situation?
Why?

B) Do you think that the new situation is fair? Remember:

Why? I would do the same because ....
I wouldnt do the same
because ...
I think it is fair because ...
I dont think it is fair because ...
The purpose of this emotion is to indicate that something unexpec-
ted has occurred, to prepare us (and those around us) to deal with
it. It causes our eyes to fly wide open, the eyebrows raise, and the
jaw drops open.

The function of this emotion is to motivate us to defend or

protect ourselves, our loved ones, or anything that we consider
valuable. It gears up the body into a combat-ready mode, i
nducing such expressions as narrowed eyes and lips (making them
harder to damage in a fight), balling the fists, hunching the
shoulders, and so on.

The function of this emotion is to indicate that we have done

or witnessed something that is damaging or degrading to wellbeing,
and to encourage us not to do that in the future. It causes the
eyebrows to move upward at the inside corners, the lower lip to
push utward, and the body posture to slump. Tears running from our
eyes indicates an even stronger experience of sadness.

The function of this emotion is to keep us from contacting or

ingesting dangerous, toxic, or infectious substances. Disgust causes
the upper lip to curl and the nose to wrinkle, constricting the facial
orifices away from the thing causing disgust. A feeling of this may
even cause retching or full-on vomiting.

The function of this emotion is to indicate that we have done or

witnessed something that is enhancing to wellbeing, and to encourage
us to do that in the future. When we are like this, we smile, the
corners of our eyes crinkle, and our posture becomes upright and
open.

The function of this emotion is to get us out of dangerous

situations, or to keep us from getting into them. It causes the
heart to race, breathing to speed up, and so on, preparing our bodies
to take appropriate action, such as running as fast as we can.
 ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS
MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL
INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION
SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED
FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE

MELANCHOLY
INTRIGUE
FAIRNESS
SURPRISE

ECSTASY
MELANCHOLY
INTRIGUE
FAIRNESS
SURPRISE

ECSTASY
ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS
MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL
INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION

DISAPPROVAL

MELANCHOLY
ANXXIETY
BETRAYAL

DESPAIR
SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED

DISAPPROVAL

MELANCHOLY
ANXXIETY
BETRAYAL

DESPAIR
FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE

ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS

DISAPPROVAL
REVULSION

INTRIGUE
PREJUDICE
AVERSION
MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL

DISAPPROVAL
REVULSION

INTRIGUE
PREJUDICE
AVERSION
INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION
SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED
FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE

REVULSION
ANXXIETY
SURPRISE
TERROR
HATRED
REVULSION
ANXXIETY
SURPRISE
TERROR
HATRED
ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS
MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL
INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION

AVERSION
BETRAYAL
FAIRNESS
HATRED
SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED

RAGE
AVERSION
BETRAYAL
FAIRNESS
HATRED
RAGE
FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE

ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS

MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL
INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION
MELANCHOLY

MELANCHOLY
INTRIGUE
FAIRNESS

INTRIGUE
SURPRISE

ECSTASY

FAIRNESS
SURPRISE

ECSTASY
SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED
FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE

ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS

DISAPPROVAL

MELANCHOLY

DISAPPROVAL

MELANCHOLY
ANXXIETY
BETRAYAL

ANXXIETY
BETRAYAL
DESPAIR

MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL

DESPAIR
INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION
SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED
DISAPPROVAL

FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE

DISAPPROVAL
REVULSION

INTRIGUE
PREJUDICE
AVERSION

REVULSION

INTRIGUE
PREJUDICE
AVERSION

ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS

MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL
REVULSION
ANXXIETY

INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION

REVULSION
ANXXIETY
SURPRISE

SURPRISE
TERROR
HATRED

TERROR
HATRED

SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED

FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE

ECSTASY MELANCHOLY INTRIGUE SURPRISE FAIRNESS

AVERSION
BETRAYAL
FAIRNESS

AVERSION
BETRAYAL
FAIRNESS
HATRED

HATRED
RAGE

MELANCHOLY DESPAIR DISAPPROVAL ANXXIETY BETRAYAL

RAGE

INTRIGUE DISAPPROVAL PREJUDICE REVULSION AVERSION

SURPRISE ANXXIETY REVULSION TERROR HATRED
FAIRNESS BETRAYAL AVERSION HATRED RAGE