Chapter 13

DC-Motor Drives

These drives continue to be used

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-1

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 DC-Motor Structure

With permanent magnets or a wound field

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-2

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 DC-Motor Equivalent Circuit

The mechanical system can also be represented as

an electrical circuit
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-3
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Four-Quadrant Operation of DC-Motor
Drives

High performance drives may operate in all four

quadrants
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-4
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 DC-Motor Drive Torque-Speed
Characteristics and Capabilities

With permanent magnets

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-5
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 DC-Motor Drive Capabilities

Separately-Excited field
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-6
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Controlling Torque, Speed and Position

Cascaded control is commonly used

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-7

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Small-Signal Representation of DC
Machines

Around a steady state operating point

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-8

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Electrical Time-Constant of the DC Machine

The speed is assumed constant

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-9
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Mechanical Time-Constant of the DC
Machine

The load-torque is assumed constant

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-10
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
DC-Motor Drive: Four-Quadrant Capability

If a diode-rectifier is used, the energy recovered

during regenerative braking is dissipated in a resistor
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-11
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Ripple in the Armature Current

Bi-polar and uni-polar voltage switchings

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-12

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Control of Servo Drives

A concise coverage is presented in Electric Drives: An

Integrative Approach by N. Mohan (www.MNPERE.com)
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-13
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Effect of Blanking Time

Non-linearity is introduced
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-14
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Converters for Limited Operational
Capabilities

Two switches for 2-quadrant operation and only one

switch for 1-quadrant operation
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-15
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Line-Controlled Converters for DC Drives

Large low-frequency ripple in the dc output of

converters
Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-16
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Four Quadrant Operation using Line
Converters

Two options to achieve 4-quadrant operation

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-17
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Effect of Discontinuous Current Conduction

Speed goes up unless it is controlled

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-18

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Open-Loop Speed Control

Adequate for general-purpose applications

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-19

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 DC Drive Characteristics and Capabilities

Line current in switch-mode

and line-converter drives

Copyright 2003 Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives 13-20

by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.