Surface tension and capillarity (Tutorial 1)

1. Air is introduced through a nozzle into a tank of water to form a stream of

bubbles.Ifthebubblesareintendedtohaveadiameterof2mm,calculatehow
much the pressure of the air at the tip of the nozzle must exceed that of the
surrounding water. Assume that the value of surface tension between air and
wateras72.7x103N/m.

2. Asoapbubble50mmindiametercontainsapressure(inexcessofatmospheric)
of2bar.Findthesurfacetensioninthesoapfilm.

3. Waterhasasurfacetensionof0.4N/m.Ina3mmdiameterverticaltubeifthe
liquidrises6mmabovetheliquidoutsidethetube,calculatethecontactangle.

4. Determinethecapillarydepressionofmercuryina4mmIDglassTube.Assume
surfacetensionas0.45N/mandcontactangleis=115.Thespecificweightof
mercury=135509.81N/m3.

5. Aglasstubeof8mmIDisimmersedinaliquidat20C.Thespecificweightofthe
liquid is 20601 N/m3 . The contact angle is 60. Surface tension is 0.15 N/m.
Calculatethecapillaryriseandalsotheradiusofcurvatureofthemeniscus.

6. Amercurycolumnisusedtomeasuretheatmosphericpressure.Theheightof
columnabovethemercurywellsurfaceis762mm.Thetubeis3mmindia.The
contactangleis140.Determinethetruepressureinmmofmercuryifsurface
tensionis0.51N/m.Thespaceabovethecolumnmaybeconsideredasvacuum.

7. A hollow cylinder of 150 mm OD with its weight equal to the buoyant forces is to
be kept floating vertically in a liquid with a surface tension of 0.45 N/m2 . The
contact angle is 60. Determine the additional force required due to surface
tension.