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CCD Spectrometer
CCD Spectrometer
State key laboratory of Modern Optical Instrument, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
Abstract- The paper concerns about the principle and the configuration has a similar optical character to Ebert-Fastie
optimizing design method for optical system of micro fiber structure [2]. This structure not only can avoid second-time or
spectrometer, which suits for stray light detection of multi-time diffraction, but also doesnt need large aperture
bioluminescence detecting systems. By choosing sphere mirrors, therefore makes system fabrication easier. The
asymmetrical crossed Czerny-Turner (CZ) configuration asymmetric crossed CZ configuration is evolved from the
as the basic optical structure and selecting system former, its main aim is to reduce coma, shown as Fig.1.
parameters according to the allowance of systems Incident light introduced by optical fiber, is collimated by the
aberrations and the dimensions of CCD detector, we collimating sphere mirror; collimating light is dispersed by
developed a micro fiber spectrometer based on planar planar grating, and then imaged onto the detector by the
grating with a working wavelength range between 330nm imaging sphere mirror. The whole system has a small mount
and 930nm. Systems spectral resolution is up to at least of optical components, is more compact than symmetric CZ
0.5nm according to actual measurement (50m). configuration.
I. INTRODUCTION
Stray light is an important factor that affecting the accuracy
and sensitivity of bioluminescence detecting systems. Stray
light which produced by the excitation procedure of the
fluorescent light and collecting system, maybe badly affect
the performance of the whole system and reduce systems
detecting accuracy. Detection of systems stray light can
qualitatively or quantitatively make its generation principle
and intensity clear, and then we can effectively control or
make up for it. Due to the inconvenience of volume and
operation, traditional spectrometers can hardly make it easy to Fig.1. Asymmetrical crossed Czerny-Turner configuration
detect multi-positions stray light; while micro fiber The imaging spectrums position and the spectral resolution
spectrometers can easily achieve this by using optical fiber of asymmetric crossed CZ configuration are depending on
probes. Though the spectral resolution of micro fiber each sphere mirrors focal length and their angles to optical
spectrometers is lower than that of traditional spectrometers, axis. By adjusting two sphere mirrors focal lengths and their
they can also satisfy lots of applications in bioluminescence angles to optical axis, most on-axis and off-axis aberrations
detecting area. This article concerns about the principle and can be eliminated, results to a high-grade imaging spectrum.
optimizing method of micro fiber spectrometers optical This configuration can effectively control systems
structure design, designed and realized a micro fiber aberrations, and systems stray light is also constrained by the
spectrometer based on asymmetric crossed Czerny-Turner crossed light path. If sphere mirrors are replaced by parabolic
(CZ) structure [1]. mirrors, off-axis sphere aberration can be further eliminated
[3]. Aspherical components are hard to fabricate and install,
II. DESIGN OF OPTICAL STRUCTURE OF MICRO FIBER while we can also get a pretty high optical resolution [4] by
SPECTROMETERS using sphere mirrors, so presently commercial micro-
spectrometers merely utilize aspherical mirrors. On the other
Presently all the commercial micro fiber spectrometers are hand, off-axis aberrations and coma of symmetric CZ
based on reflecting Czerny-Turner imaging structure, which configuration are smaller because the off-axis degree of
has two common configurations: symmetric CZ configuration imaging light is lower. Theoretically it can get a nicer
and asymmetric crossed CZ configuration. Symmetric CZ