RELATED LITERATURE

The Fuentes-Carrillo House Restoration in Pila, Laguna

The Fuentes-Carrillo House was built in the early 1900's in the venerable town of Pila, Laguna, a
historical town located in the southern part of Luzon Island in the Philippines. It became the small and
modest but gracious home of Luis Codera Carrillo and Felipa Auxilio Fuentes after they were married on
Christmas Eve, 1908. It was slightly enlarged and electrified in 1926 due to a growing brood of children
who were all born in the house. The house is now being cared for by Felipa Fuentes-Carrillo (youngest
daughter of the previous owners)and Mamerto Carrillo Francia, Jr.'s two sons and daughter-in-law as
the house passed down to their two sons as part of their grandfather's bequest. Current plans include a
restoration of the house that will also include the development of the ground floor and the deep
backyard.

The Process of House Restoration

I. The Decision To Restore and Save Vs. The Decision To Abandon and Demolish
Like many old family homes in the Philippines, ours was a common property among the principal heirs of
the original owners. The progressive deterioration of certain parts of the house hastened the decision to
settle the sole ownership to one family as this prevented the complicated shifts of responsibility for its
care. Although nervously unsure about the viability of restoration in the absence of consultation from an
architect specializing in conservation, the family recognized the value of historical preservation not
merely as a private pursuit but as a source of encouragement for the less-inclined residents of the town
to recognize the value of their cultural heritage. Indeed, the decision to abandon and demolish was
perhaps a more practical approach as none of the family members actually lives on-site on a daily basis
(a practice that will most likely change once a full restoration is done). However, it was still the strong
emotional ties to the house that was the main factor in arriving at a decision.

II. The On-Site Inspection

It is necessary for the architect to do an on-site inspection to assess the extent of work and to evaluate
the feasibility of restoring the structure. The location of the project can also affect the expenses
involved. Fortunately, Pila is only 83 km from Manila. This assures the accessibility of the project and
practicality of sending custom-made materials which may not be readily available in the rural areas.
Additionally, an on-site inspection provides the architect an opportunity to perceive the "character" of
the structure which may otherwise be missed by merely looking at old and new photogtaphs of the
place.

III. The Complete Documentation of the Current State of The House

After the on-site inspection was done, much to the relief of the family's anxiety, the house was deemed
worthy of restoration. A subsequent documentation was done for 3 days. This documentation serves as
the reference describing the current state of the house including parts that have deteriorated beyond
repair and parts that are worth saving but will need major work. Documentation also reveals previous
restoration attempts. It also keeps a record of the decorative elements found in the house including
window balusters, wrought and cast iron grilles protecting the ventanillas (small windows below a
regular window), etc. The documentation will serve as a reference for future researchers who may try to
look for the original house lay out, the types of wood used and the building techniques that were
originally implemented.

IV. The Development of Historical Data Concerning Significant Events Pertaining To The House
The first mention of the house appeared on a bequest document written in formal old Tagalog by
Vicente Ilocre Carrillo dated January 1, 1908 giving a parcel of land and a "house with galvanized roof" to
his son Luis Carrillo . This will date the house at least a little earlier than 1908. The historical data
gathered provides the family and others an informative and intermittently poignant sequence of events
in the lives of the members of the older generation especially during the Japanese occupation and
Liberation when there were moments the family had to abandon the house due to mandatory
evacuation and retreat to the plantations for safety at the sound of the air raid siren. Ironically, the
same air raid siren is still used to this day but it no longer signals people to leave their homes but
conversely signals farmers in the surrounding ricefields or coconut plantations to retreat back home for
lunch as it resonates during high noon. The following events are significant in the history of the house:

Early 1900's Probable date of construction as the bequest document was signed January 1, 1908.
Although the second floor living areas were made of strong materials, the ground floor was only
enclosed with non-sturdy materials of "sawali & nipa". The ground is still made of dry packed earth.

1925-1926 Repairs are made on the original smaller structure (the original smaller house is the current
living room and
south bedroom). The house is extended and an additonal bigger bedroom is built. Marker on the ground
floor's double pediment is installed. The walls forming a cuartito in the western corner of the living room
are removed. The first part of a wooden stairwell is replaced with concrete steps retaining only 5 steps
of the original wooden portion. A concrete stairwell for the azotea is also constructed around this time.
Electricity gets installed in the house.

1931 The Great Depression hits the nation. Further work to the house halts due to the collapse of the
coconut industry.
A "kalibkiban" gets installed in the backyard to produce "copra" in order to augment the resulting
meager harvest earnings.

1941-1944 The Japanese Imperial Army benignly occupies Pila.

The small room under the concrete stairwell which at one time was a storage for local wine
paraphernalia gets used intermittently as an air raid shelter. However, the house is intermittently
abandoned days to weeks at a time during the air raids. The "papeles de legados" and jewelry are
removed from the "caja de hierro" and either carefully hidden in the backyard or secured in double
"bayongs" and brought to the inner family farms of Pila. The family stayed at one of their coconut
plantations at the Calunuran or Kanluran and joined their tenant farmers who welcomed them in their
huts. Although considered as a most trying time for the town, rice harvest was unusually abundant, a
most welcome consolation.

1944 Felipa Fuentes-Carrillo dies on August 21, a few days after she asks her last remaining carpenter to
remove part of the hardwood ceiling of her bedroom to build her coffin. Succeeding months would lead
to Liberation Day but it was still an uncertain period and money was short and building materials hard to
come by.

1952 Luis Carrillo marginally improves the house after he becomes mayor of Pila. The northern wall of
the living room is replaced.

1960-1966 Luis Carrillo allows tenants to lease part of the house. The house shows first signs of neglect.
The rear part of the house deteriorates and removed by tenants.

1967 Luis Carrillo dies in Manila. His remains are brought home to Pila and a traditional wake is held in
the old house. The house is sealed and abandoned for 3 years.

1970 Criselda Carrillo-Rempillo, a daughter, decides to relocate back to Pila. She begins to do some
repairs to some deteriorating parts of the house. A modern bathroom gets installed on the second floor.
The "talaga" or natural artesian spring well is boarded up to prevent people from falling in but retained
as a source of water using an electric pump. The ground floor becomes a poultry and part storage for
poultry feeds.

1986 Ground floor gets cleared for habitation of Vicente Carrillo, an aging son. The ground floor is layed
with cement slab.

1997 A structural compromise to the living room is discovered when a misguided family member
decides to remove part of the main post.

2006 Professional architectural restoration and conservation of the house begins. The property is
enclosed for the first time with a concrete perimeter wall. The backyard gets cleared of vegetation in
preparation for landscaping.

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