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Astm c-192 PDF
Astm c-192 PDF
Astm c-192 PDF
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C 192/C 192M 05.
2 herein, the specimens may be used to develop information for
See section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02. the following purposes:
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333.
NOTE 7When molds in SI units are required and not available, proof containers, preferably made of metal. The cement shall
equivalent inch-pound unit size mold should be permitted.
be thoroughly mixed to provide a uniform supply throughout
5.1.1 Cylindrical specimens for tests other than creep shall the tests. It shall be passed through a 850-m [No. 20] or finer
be molded and allowed to harden with the axis of the cylinder sieve to remove all lumps, remixed on a plastic sheet, and
vertical. returned to sample containers.
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specific gravity and absorption of aggregates in accordance hardened concretes such as slump loss, compressive strength,
with either Test Methods C 127 or C 128. and resistance to freezing and thawing.
6.3.2 Before incorporating in concrete, prepare the aggre- 6.5 AdmixturesPowdered admixtures that are entirely or
gate to ensure a definite and uniform condition of moisture. largely insoluble, that do not contain hygroscopic salts and are
Determine the weight of aggregate to be used in the batch by to be added in small quantities, should be mixed with a portion
one of the following procedures: of the cement before introduction into the batch in the mixer so
as to ensure thorough distribution throughout the concrete.
6.3.2.1 Determine the mass of low-absorption aggregates
Essentially insoluble materials which are used in amounts
(absorption less than 1.0 %) in the room-dry condition with
exceeding 10 % by mass of cement, such as pozzolans, should
allowance made for the amount of water that will be absorbed
be handled and added to the batch in the same manner as
from the unset concrete (Note 10). This procedure is particu-
cement. Powdered admixtures which are largely insoluble but
larly useful for coarse aggregate which must be batched as
contain hygroscopic salts may cause balling of cement and
individual sizes; because of the danger of segregation it can be
should be mixed with the sand. Water-soluble and liquid
used for fine aggregate only when the fine aggregate is
admixtures should be added to the mixer in solution in the
separated into individual size fractions.
mixing water. The quantity of such solution used shall be
NOTE 10When using aggregates with low absorption in room-dry included in the calculation of the water content of the concrete.
condition the amount of water that will be absorbed by the aggregates Admixtures, incompatible in concentrated form, such as solu-
before the concrete sets may be assumed to be 80 % of the difference tions of calcium chloride and certain air-entraining and set-
between the 24-h absorption of the aggregates determined by Test
Methods C 127 or C 128, and the amount of water in the pores of the
retarding admixtures, should not be intermixed prior to their
aggregates in their room-dry state, as determined by Test Method C 566. addition to concrete. The time, sequence, and method of adding
some admixtures to a batch of concrete can have important
6.3.2.2 Individual size fractions of aggregate may be effects on concrete properties such as time of set and air
weighed separately, recombined into a tared container in the content. The method selected must remain unchanged from
amounts required for the batch, and immersed in water for 24 batch to batch.
h prior to use. After immersion the excess water is decanted
NOTE 11The mixing apparatus and accessories shall be thoroughly
and the combined weight of aggregate and mixing water
cleaned to ensure that chemical additions or admixtures used in dissimilar
determined. Allowance shall be made for the amount of water batches of concrete do not affect subsequent batches.
absorbed by the aggregate. The moisture content of the
aggregates may be determined in accordance with Test Meth- 7. Procedure
ods C 70 and C 566. 7.1 Mixing Concrete:
6.3.2.3 The aggregate may be brought to and maintained in 7.1.1 GeneralMix concrete in a suitable mixer or by hand
a saturated condition, with surface moisture contained in in batches of such size as to leave about 10 % excess after
sufficiently small amounts to preclude loss by draining, at least molding the test specimens. Hand-mixing procedures are not
24 h prior to use. When this method is used, the moisture applicable to air-entrained concrete or concrete with no mea-
content of the aggregate must be determined to permit calcu- surable slump. Hand mixing should be limited to batches of 14
blunted trowel, using the following procedure when aggregates distribution of the concrete and to minimize segregation of
have been prepared in accordance with 6.3.2.1, 6.3.2.3, and coarse aggregate within the mold. Further distribute the con-
6.3.2.4. crete by use of a tamping rod prior to the start of consolidation.
7.1.3.1 Mix the cement, powdered insoluble admixture, if In placing the final layer the operator shall attempt to add an
used, and fine aggregate without addition of water until they amount of concrete that will exactly fill the mold after
are thoroughly blended. compaction. Do not add nonrepresentative samples of concrete
7.1.3.2 Add the coarse aggregate and mix the entire batch to an underfilled mold.
without addition of water until the coarse aggregate is uni- 7.3.2.1 Number of LayersMake specimens in layers as
formly distributed throughout the batch. indicated in Table 1.
7.1.3.3 Add water, and the admixture solution if used, and 7.4 Consolidation:
mix the mass until the concrete is homogeneous in appearance 7.4.1 Methods of ConsolidationPreparation of satisfac-
and has the desired consistency. If prolonged mixing is tory specimens requires different methods of consolidation.
necessary because of the addition of water in increments while The methods of consolidation are rodding, and internal or
adjusting the consistency, discard the batch and make a new external vibration. Base the selection of the method on the
batch in which the mixing is not interrupted to make trial slump, unless the method is stated in the specifications under
consistency tests. which the work is being performed. Rod or vibrate concrete
7.1.4 Mixed ConcreteSelect the portions of the batch of with slump greater than or equal to 1 in. [25 mm]. Vibrate
mixed concrete to be used in tests for molding specimens so as concrete with slump less than 1 in. (Note 15). Do not use
in 3 in. [75 mm] lifts using a 10-lb [4.5-kg] cylindrical surcharge, or 3 by insert the vibrator slowly and do not allow the vibrator to rest
6-in. [75 by 150-mm] cylinder molds in 2 in. [50 mm] lifts using a 2.5-lb on or touch the bottom or sides of the mold or strike embedded
[1-kg] cylindrical surcharge. The surcharge should have a diameter 14 in.
items such as strain meters. Slowly withdraw the vibrator so
[6 mm] less than the inside of the mold. Simultaneously each lift should
be compacted by external vibration with the surcharge on the top surface that no large air pockets are left in the specimen.
of the concrete, until the mortar begins to ooze around the bottom of the 7.4.3.2 CylindersThe number of insertions of the vibrator
surcharge. is given in Table 3. When more than one insertion per layer is
7.4.2 RoddingPlace the concrete in the mold, in the required, distribute the insertions uniformly within each layer.
required number of layers of approximately equal volume. Rod Allow the vibrator to penetrate into the layer below approxi-
each layer with the rounded end of the rod using the number of mately 1 in. [25 mm]. After each layer is vibrated, tap the
strokes and size of rod specified in Table 2. Rod the bottom outside of the mold at least 10 times with the mallet to close the
layer throughout its depth. Distribute the strokes uniformly holes that remain and to release entrapped air voids. Use an
over the cross section of the mold and for each upper layer open hand to tap cardboard or single-use metal molds that are
allow the rod to penetrate through the layer being rodded and susceptible to damage if tapped with a mallet.
into the layer below approximately 1 in. [25 mm]. After each 7.4.3.3 Beams, Prisms, and Horizontal Creep Cylinders
layer is rodded, tap the outsides of the mold lightly 10 to 15 Insert the vibrator at intervals not exceeding 6 in. [150 mm]
times with the mallet to close any holes left by rodding and to along the center line of the long dimension of the specimen, or
release any large air bubbles that may have been trapped. Use along both sides but not in contact with the strain gage in the
TABLE 2 Diameter of Rod and Number of Roddings to be Used in Molding Test Specimens
Cylinders
Diameter of Cylinder, in. [mm] Diameter of Rod in. [mm] Number of Strokes/Layer
2 [50] to <6 [150] 38 [10] 25
6 [150] 58 [16] 25
8 [200] 58 [16] 50
10 [250] 58 [16] 75
Beams and Prisms
Top Surface Area of Specimen, in.2[cm2] Diameter of Rod in. (mm) Number of Roddings/Layer
25 [160] or less 38 [10] 25
26 to 49 [165 to 310] 38 [10] one for each 1 in.2[7 cm2] of surface
50 [320] or more 58 [16] one for each 2 in.2[14 cm2] of surface
Horizontal Creep Cylinders
Diameter of Cylinder in. [mm] Diameter of Rod in. [mm] Number of Roddings/Layer
6 [150] 58 [16] 50 total, 25 along both sides of axis
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this practice since the last issue,
C 192/C 192M 05, that may impact the use of this practice. (Approved June 1, 2006)
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