MFJO597-RTP-0001 Rev.0

Project: CHEMICAL INJECTION PACKAGES
FOR ESP WELLS SAFAH
SCALE INHIBITOR INJECTION SKIDS
Radiographic Test Procedure
Document No. MFJO597-RTP-0001
Rev Date Description Prepared Reviewed Approved
A 20 Dec 15 Issued for Sqad Check AR AM AM
0 22 Dec 15 Issued for Approval AR AM AM
MFJO597-RTP-0001 rev 0
CHEMICAL INJECTION PACKAGES FOR ESP
WELLS SAFAH
DISCLAIMER
This Procedure has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of METALFAB.
METALFAB accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for it in respect of any use of or
reliance upon this Procedure by any third party.
Copying this Procedure without the permission of METALFAB is not permitted.
WELLS SAFAH
CONTENTS
1. SCOPE ..................................................................................................... 1
WELLS SAFAH
1. SCOPE
The purpose of this procedure is to control, execute and monitor all activities related to the
Radiographic Test of skids to comply with Project Specifications and Technical Standards.
Radiographic Test performed by third party agency as per this procedure developed by third
party agency and is part of this document.
INTERNATIONAL INSPECTION SERVICES LTD
Document No. : INS/MEFB/ASME/B31.3/RT/001

Rev: 00 Date: 0 01.02.2015 Page: 1 of 21
OPERATION CONTROLS - PROCEDURE
RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
PROCEDURE
Document No. : INS/MEFB/ASME/B31.3/RT/001 Rev.: 00 dated 01.02.2015 Page No.: 1 of 21

This document is a property of INSPEC and for use by its authorized personnel only. Use of this Procedure by non-INSPEC
Organizations is by specific agreement. This document is subject for revisions and only the latest revision stands current.
Approved Master Copy of this document is filed and stored under the custody of INSPEC Technical manager. This document
shall not be reproduced without the written consent of INSPEC. Controlled Distribution Copy Holders will receive current
versions
PROCEDURE
REVISION CONTROL
Revision Number
Changes Remarks
& Date
00
New Issue New Edition
20 August 2006
01
th Latest edition -
14 April 2010
02 Sec 2 Revised Latest Edition Added 2010
th
04 December 2011 Report Format Revised
03 Sec 2 revised
th Latest edition 2012 added
10 March 2012 Annexure III
03A
st New Issue --
01 Feb 2015

Organizations is by specific agreement. This document is subject for revisions and only the latest revision stands current. Approved
Master Copy of this document is filed and stored under the custody of INSPEC Technical manager. This document shall not be
reproduced without the written consent of INSPEC. Controlled Distribution Copy Holders will receive current versions
PROCEDURE
INDEX
Clause
Description of Content Page Ref.
Ref...
1 Scope 4
2 Reference Documents 4
3 Extent of examination 4
4 Performance Demonstration 5
5 Personnel Qualification 5
6 Test Equipment and materials 5
7 Film Quality 6
8 Surface Condition 8
9 Scattered Radiation 8
10 Radiographic Film Viewing 8
11 Method 9
12 Documentation / Storage of Films 14
13 Acceptance Criteria 14
ANNEXURE
Annexure I - Single Wall Technique 15
Annexure II - Double Wall Technique 16
Annexure III - Acceptance Criteria 17
Annexure IV - Sample Report Format 21

PROCEDURE
1. Scope:
1.1 This Non-destructive Examination Procedure details the minimum requirements for conducting
Radiographic Examination of full penetration butt-welds in pipelines and associated components made
of Carbon steels, Stainless Steel and Low alloy steel up to 90mm wall thickness using either X-Ray or
Gamma Ray as radiation source whenever such type of examination is deemed necessary by applicable
codes.
1.2 Typical types of discontinuities that can be detected by this method are cracks, incomplete fusion,
incomplete penetration, misalignment, overlap, porosity, root-concavity, undercut, burn-through,
excessive/ inadequate reinforcement, inclusions, etc.
2 Reference Documents:
2.1 The following documents are referred:
2.1.1 ASME B 31.3: Process Piping. Ed: 2012

2.1.2 ASME Section V Ed: 2013
2.1.3 ASME Section VIII Division 1&2; Ed: 2013
2.1.4 ASNT SNT TC 1A Ed: 2006.
2.1.5 INSPEC/9/USN/Q1.1994 Rev 21.
3 Extent of Examination:
3.1 The extent of examination shall be as per applicable construction-Code requirements / project
specifications and client directives.
3.2 Relevant INSPEC personnel are required to be aware of the requirements of this Procedure and suitably
qualified and, certified by INSPEC for implementation. (Refer 2.1.5).
3.3 When used by non-INSPEC Organizations, the necessary agreements will need to be effected with
INSPEC and a reference to this Procedure shall be made appropriately by the Organizations.
3.4 In general, demonstration of the density and IQI image requirements of the procedure on production or
technique radiographs shall be considered as satisfactory compliance with the procedure. However,
whenever required or asked by client, a technique sheet with all the parameters mentioned therein shall
be attached to the procedure or a reference to the technique shall be made.
3.5 Any revision to this Procedure will as a minimum require review and acceptance by the Appointed NDT

PROCEDURE
Level III and approval by INSPEC.
3.6 Users of this Procedure shall verify the applicability with respect to requirements.
4 Performance demonstration:
4.1 When required by referencing Code Section or per Client requirements, performance demonstration shall
be carried out and documented as report with the variables used. Copies of such reports shall be
maintained by INSPEC.
5 Personnel Qualification:
5.1. All INSPEC personnel performing Radiographic Examination using this Procedure shall be qualified to
a minimum of Level II. (Refer 2.1.5).
5.2. Interpretation and evaluation of radiographs shall be done by only Level II certified personnel in
radiography with sufficient experience.
5.3. Personnel performing Examination shall have vision, with correction if necessary, to enable to read
Jaeger Type No. 2 Standard Chart at a distance of not less than 300mm and differentiate the contrast
between the colors or shades of gray, and records of such vision test shall be maintained by INSPEC.
5.4. Personnel conducting Radiographic Examination shall be competent in conducting the testing as
described in this Procedure.
5.5. Where required by a specific Code, existing Personnel Qualification shall be verified for applicability as
to the Code conditions.
5.6. Personnel conducting Radiographic Examination should be aware of the safe-practice requirements
during examination. Radiography personnel shall be "classified" and operate in conjunction with the
INSPEC Radiation Safety Manual. All personnel shall adhere to each Clients specific safety
requirements and ensure scaffolding, lighting and access is sufficient to perform the work in a safe
manner.
6. Test Equipment and materials:

6.1. Equipment:- The equipment utilized by INSPEC is Gamma-ray Remote Control projector containing
Iridium-192 Radioactive Isotope or Selenium-75 Gamma Ray source or X-ray machine up to 300kV.
NOTE: Selection of actual source type is depended on material & thickness, sensitivity requirments etc.
As a general guide for Gamma Ray, Se-75 source can be used for steel thicknesses 6mm and below,
whereas for higher thicknesses Ir-192 can be used. However, the radiation energy employed for any
radiographic technique shall achieve the density and IQI image requirements of Article-2 of ASME sec
V.

PROCEDURE
6.2. Source Size:- Maximum source size that will be utilized shall be less than the dimensions indicated
below
Active sizes (Dia x h) mm 3.0 x 3.0 Diagonal (active part) mm 4.2
Note: Verification of Source Size. The equipment manufacturers or suppliers certification statement,
technical manuals, decay curves, or written statements documenting the actual or maximum source
size or focal spot, shall be acceptable for source size verification.
6.3. Film selection:- Radiographs shall be made using industrial radiographic film. AGFA-D4 / KODAK-
MX 125 and AGFA-D7 / KODAK-AA400 may be used (Table 6-1). Prior to purchase and during
storage at site the film will be stored by the supplier in a temperature controlled building to ensure the
quality of film supplied. After exposure, radiographs shall be kept together with log sheets and marked
up drawings submitted to client for storage. The package shall allow for at least three years shelf life.
Table 6-1
Type Speed Contrast Graininess Example

1 Slow Very Very Fine AGFA D4 (165) / KODAK MX
High 125*
2 Medium High Fine AGFA D7 (40) /KODAK AA 400
*: for x-ray only.
Screens: - Lead intensifying screens shall be utilized and shall be of good quality to prevent screen marks on
film and be of 0.125 mm thick placed at both the front and back of the film inside the cassette.
7. Film Quality
7.1. Film Processing:-All films shall be processed in accordance with ASTM SE-999 or paragraphs 23
through 26 of standard guide for Radiographic examination SE-94 and or manufacturers
recommendations, with careful attention given to time, temperature and chemical mixtures to ensure
radiograph is free from darkroom induced defects i.e. light fogging. Adequate washing is required to
achieve conditions for maximum storage life.
7.2. Film Handling:- Film shall be handled in such a manner that the emulsion is not damaged and
fingerprints or other marks are not caused on the film, before, during and after processing.
7.3. Quality:- All radiographs shall be free of the following defects that may interfere with the satisfactory
interpretation of the weld image.
a) Mechanical damage such as scratches, static tears crimp pressure or similar handling marks.
b) Chemical interference due to fogging, processing marks, stains or the like.

PROCEDURE
c) Radiographic defects caused by dirty or damaged screens or poor screen contact.
7.4 Interpretation: -Only qualified personnel having valid Level II certificate in Radiography as well as
sufficient practical experience in interpretation and evaluation of radiographs shall interpret
radiographs, such interpretation shall be in accordance with the appropriate applicable specification as
advised by client in writing.
7.5 Viewing Conditions: - Radiographs shall be viewed in subdued background lighting. The viewer shall
have sufficient intensity to view areas of interest on the radiograph with an even diffused light to the
maximum density required and any extraneous areas of illumination shall be masked to avoid glare or
distraction. During viewing film will be handled by the edges to avoid finger marks on the films and
they will be kept in folders to avoid scratches.
7.6 Densitometer:- Calibrated densitometer shall be used calibration shall be performed as per Article 2,
T-262.1 of Sec V on NIST calibrated step tablet or the step wedge film having at least five steps with
neutral densities from at least 1.0 thru 4.0, traceable to National Standards. Such calibration shall be
performed at least every 90 days during use and documented, but the actual readings for each step do
not have to be recorded. Periodic calibration check shall be performed at the beginning of each shift,
after 8 hr of continuous use, or after change of apertures, whichever comes first. The densitometer
shall be acceptable if the readings are within 0.05 of the calibration readings determined. Periodic
check need not be documented.

PROCEDURE
8 Surface Condition
8.1 Weld to be examined shall be free of irregularities such as weld ripples, spatter, grinding or chipping
marks or other irregularities, which may mask successful interpretation of the radiographs.
9 Scattered Radiation
9.1 When performing radiography near to the ground or close to other structures scattered radiation may
cause a reduction in film quality, thus a lead symbol "B" of min. size 1/2" H x 1/16" THK shall be
attached to the back of the film cassette if the white symbol "B" is evident then adequate precautions
should be taken by shielding the cassette with lead sheets. Dark symbol "B" image shall be
disregarded, as long as the image does not mask any indications of weld imperfections.
10 Radiographic Film Viewing
10.1 Single Wall Viewing

a. Source Side Markers: Location markers shall be placed on the source side when doing radiography
of the following:
1. Flat components or longitudinal joints in cylindrical or conical components.
2. Curved or spherical components whose concave side is toward the source and when the
source-to-material distance is less than the inside radius of the component.
3. Curved or spherical components whose convex side is toward the source.
b. Film Side Markers: Location markers shall be placed on the film side when performing radiographs
either curved or spherical components whose concave side is toward the source and when the
source-to-material distance is greater than the inside radius.
As an alternative to source side placement in 10.1a Location markers may be placed on the film
side when the radiograph shows coverage beyond the location markers to the extent demonstrated,
and when this alternate is documented.
c. Either Side Markers: - Location markers may be placed on either the source side or film side,
when radio graphing either curved or spherical components whose concave side is toward the
source and the source-to-material distance equals the inside radius of the component.
10.2 Double-wall viewing: - For double-wall viewing, at least one location marker shall be placed on
the source side surface adjacent to the weld (or on the material in the area of interest) for each
radiograph.
10.3 Radiographic Technique: - A single wall exposure technique shall be used whenever practical. When
it is not possible to use single wall technique a double wall technique shall be used. However adequate
number of exposures shall be made to demonstrate that the required coverage has been obtained.

PROCEDURE
11. Method
11.1 Procedure Qualification and approval:- Whenever specified by project specification, activities
performing NDT shall develop and maintain a written procedure for each radiographic technique &
Certification statement shall be part of this written procedure and signed by the cognizant examiner.
See attached radiography technique sheet. This procedure is to be performed only before start of any
project.
11.2 Identification of Radiographs:- Subject to no other clients requirements the following information
shall appear on the radiograph:
a) Clients symbol / Name

b) Drawing / Line No
c) Pipe Size
d) Weld No
e) Welders No
f) Job No
g) Date
h) Repair Reference e.g. R1,R2 or Rw
i) Location Marker
11.2.1. Each weld shall have a unique identification reference marked in such a manner to permit the
case of identification of individual welds and areas of defects within the weld.
11.2.2 Lead location markers shall be used with approximate height of 6mm and 1.5 mm thick forming
part of a metric number tape marked clearly in intervals covering the whole circumference of the
weld.
a) over 88.9mm O/D to 508mm O/D = every 50mm
b) over 508mm O/D = every 100mm
11.3 Density:- The film density is the degree of blackening and shall be checked using a calibrated
densitometer
D = Log (Io/It)

PROCEDURE
Where D = Density
Io = Light intensity incident on film
It = Light intensity transmitted through the film
The density shall be 1.8 to 4.0 for single film viewing for Radiographs made with X-Ray source and
2.0 to 4.0 for Radiographs made with Gamma Ray source in the area being examined for acceptance.
For composite viewing of multiple film exposures, each film of the composite set shall have a
minimum density of 1.3. The maximum density shall be 4.0 for either single or composite viewing.
A tolerance of 0.05 in density is allowed for variations between densitometer readings. In any case
variations shall not be -15% or +30% of the required density through the area of interest. However if
the density of the radiograph any where through the area of interest varies by more than minus 15%
or plus 30% from density through the body of hole penetrameter or adjacent to designated wire of
wire type penetrameter within the min / max allowable density range, then an additional
penetrameter shall be used for each exceptional area or areas and the radiographs retaken. When
calculating the allowable variation in density, the calculation may be rounded to the nearest 0.1
within the range specified.
11.4 Image Quality Indicators:- ASTM IQI Wire type shall be as per SE 747.
SET A SET B SET C SET D
Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia

Inch (mm) / Wire No Inch (mm) / Wire No Inch (mm) / Wire No Inch (mm) / Wire No
0.0032 (0.08) / 1 0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16
0.004 (0.10) / 2 0.013(0.33 ) / 7 0.040 (1.02) / 12 0.126 (3.20) / 17
0.005 (0.13) / 3 0.016 (0.41) / 8 0.050 (1.27) / 13 0.160 (4.06) / 18
0.0063 (0.16) / 4 0.020 (0.51) / 9 0.063 (1..60) / 14 0.200 (5.08) / 19
0.008 (0.20) / 5 0.025 (0.64) /10 0.080 (2.03) / 15 0.250 (6.35) / 20
0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16 0.320 (8.13) / 21

PROCEDURE
11.5 Placement of I.Q.I:- Placement of penetrameter shall be in accordance to the following table II.
TABLE II. Penetrameter place for welds.

Weld length Minimum
Configuration
(mm) no. of IQI Penetrameter placement
Welds in curved surfaces At the center of the area of interest
less than 609.6mm in 127 and less 1
diameter
(on one film) Greater than 2 One at the extremity and one at the
127 center of the area of interest/or two at
the extremity.
Welds in flat surfaces
and curved surfaces Less than 254 1 At the center of the area of interest.
609.6mm and greater
diameter (includes
longitudinal welds in 254 up to and 2 One placed at each extremity of the area
pipes and pressure including 432 of interest.
vessels)
(on one film)
Greater than 3 One placed at each extremity and one at
432 the center of the area of interest.
Essential circular (non- Unlimited Approximately 180 degrees apart at the
cylindrical welds on one 2 extremity of the area being inspected.
film)
Cylindrical welds
radiographed Unlimited 4 One in each quadrant
simultaneously using a
series of film or a single
length of roll film
(panoramic exposure)
Repairs in cylindrical
welds initially Unlimited 1 One in each affected quadrant provided
radiographed using the technique used is the same as the
panoramic exposure initial radiography.
technique
Note-1: For techniques refer Annexure I & II

PROCEDURE
Note-2: Placement of Penetrameters

a. Source Side Penetrameter(s). : The penetrameter(s) shall be placed on the source side of the part being
examined, except for the condition described in (b).
When configuration or size prevents placing the penetrameter(s) on the part or weld, the
penetrameter(s) may be placed on a separate block. Separate blocks shall be made of the same or
radiographically similar materials and may be used to facilitate penetrameter positioning. There is no
restriction on the separate block thickness, provided the penetrameters are of density tolerance
requirements.
1. The penetrameter on the source side of the separate block shall be placed no closer to the film
than the source side of the part being radiographed.
2. The separate block shall be placed as close as possible to the part being radiographed.
3. The block dimensions shall exceed the penetrameter dimensions such that the outline of at
least three sides of the penetrameter image shall be visible on the radiograph.
b. Film side penetrameter(s). Where inaccessibility prevents hand placing, the penetrameter(s) shall be
placed on the film side in contact with the part being examined. A lead letter F, at least as high as the
penetrameter identification number(s), shall be placed adjacent to or on the penetrameter(s), but shall
not mask the essential hole where hole penetrameters are used.
11.6 IQI SELECTION:

Penetrameter (Essential wire)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nominal Source Side Film Side
Single-Wall ---------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Material Thickness Wire Type Wire Type
Range, mm. Essential wire Essential wire
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Up to 6.4, include. 5 4
Over 6.4 through 9.5 6 5
Over 12.7 through 19 8 7
Over 19 through 25.4 9 8
Over 38.1 through 50.8 11 10
Over 50.8 through 63.5 12 11
Over 63.5 through 101.6 13 12
Over 101.6 through 152.4 14 13

PROCEDURE
11.7 Geometrical Unsharpness:-Geometric unsharpness of the radiograph shall be determined in accordance

with the formula below.
Ug = F x d
D
Where
Ug = geometric unsharpness
F = source size: the maximum projected dimension of the effective focal spot.
D = distance from source of radiation to weld or object being radigraphed, mm.
d = distance from source side of weld or object being radiographed to the film, mm.
Note : Refer to Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing SE-94 for a method of determining
geometric unsharpness. Alternatively a nomograph as shown in standard guide for radiographic
testing SE-94 may be used.
11.7.1 Geometric Unsharpness Limitations:-
The following table outlines geometric un-sharpness values as described in ASME Sec V.
Material Ug
Thickness (mm) Maximum (mm)
Under 50 0.51
50 through 75 0.76
Over 75 through 100 1.02
Greater than 100 1.78
However, according to ASME Sec VIII, Div 1 & 2, the geometric un-sharpness values in the
above table are to be used only as a guide. Final acceptance of the Radiographs shall be based on
the ability to see the prescribed penetrameter image and the specified hole or the designated wire
of a wire penetrameter.
Note: Material thickness is the thickness on which the penetrameter is based.
11.8 Diagnostic Film Length: - Consideration will be given to each exposure ensuring the thickness of the
material penetrated at the extremities of the readable area of interest which is measured in the direction
of the incident beam at that point, does not exceed 10% of the thickness being examined.

PROCEDURE
12. Documentation / Storage of Films:
12.1 Report: - Radiography reports shall contain the following as a minimum
(a) Client (m) screen type & thickness

(b) Project (n) IQI identity & type
(c) Job Number (o) film manufacture / type
(d) Report Number (p) Radiographic technique
(e) Date of Test (q) Radiographic sensitivity
(f) Test location (r) No. of exposure / No. of film/cassette
(g) Material / Dimension and Thickness (s) source size or focal spot/Isotope type/X-ray voltage
(h) Drawing Number (t) Radiographic density
(i) Weld Number / Welder Number (u) Acceptance criteria
(j) Minimum source to object distance (v) Technician name / signature
(k) Distance from Source side of object (w) Evaluation / Disposition
to the film at the minimum source to object distance
(l) Base material Type, thickness, weld thickness, weld reinforcement
12.2 Film storage:- Radiographs shall be stored after acceptance of the Client as per line or drawing
number sequences for easy traceability whenever the need arises, and shall be the responsibility of
the Client.
13. Acceptance Criteria
13.1 Film shall be interpreted and evaluated by qualified Level II or Level III personnel.
13.2 Client / Client representative shall be responsible for the acceptance of the completed radiographs
to assure the compliance with requirements of ASME Sec V Article-2, and referencing Code
Section
13.3 Refer annexure III for acceptance / rejection criteria in accordance with ASME B 31.3.

PROCEDURE
Annexure-I
SINGLE WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES
Pipe Exposure Radiograph Source-Weld-Film Arrangement IQI Penetrameter Location

O. D. Technique Viewing Marker
Placement
End View Side View Selection Placement
Film
T-276 Source Side Either Side

And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.3
T-276 T-275.1(c )
Single-Wall : Single wall
T-271.1
Any
Film Side T-
Exposure Arrangement - A 277.1 (b)
Single-Wall : Single wall T-276 Source Side Film Side

T-271.1 And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
T-276 (b) (1)
Any
Film
Film Side
Exposure Arrangement - B
T-277.1 (b)
Single-Wall : Single wall T-276 Source Side Source Side

T-271.1 And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
T-276 (a) (3)
Any
Film Side T-
Film 277.1 (b)
Exposure Arrangement - C

PROCEDURE
Annexure-II
DOUBLE WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Placement
Optional
Double-Wall : Single wall Source T-276 Source Side Either Side
T-271.2 Location And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
(a) T-276 (b) (1)
At Least 3
Exposures
Any 120 To Each
Other For
Complete
Coverage
Film
Side
T-277.1(b)
Film
Exposure Arrangement - D
Optional
Double-Wall : Single- wall Source T-276 Source Side Either Side
T-271.2 Location And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
Any (a) T-276 (b) (1)
At Least 3
Exposures
120 To Each
Other For
Complete
Coverage
Film
Side
T-277.1(b)
Film
Exposure Arrangement - E

PROCEDURE
Annexure-II
DOUBLE WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Placement
31/2 Double- Double-Wall Source T-276 Source Side Either side

(88mm) Wall : (Ellipse): And Table T-277.1(b) T 275.2
or less T-271.2 Read Offset T-276
(b) (1) Source Side
At Least 2 And Film Side
Exposures Images
At 90 To
Each Other
For
Complete
Coverage
Film
Exposure Arrangement - F
Source
31/2 Double- Double-Wall : T-276 Source Side Either Side
(88mm) Wall : Read Super- And Table T-277.1(b) T-275.2
or less T-271.2 Imposed
(B) (2) Source Side T-276
At Least 3 And Film Side
Exposures Images
At 60 Or
120 To
Each Other
For F
Complete
Coverage
Film
Exposure Arrangement - G

PROCEDURE
Annexure-III
RT ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE
Annexure-IV Sample Report Format


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Project: CHEMICAL INJECTION PACKAGES

FOR ESP WELLS SAFAH

SCALE INHIBITOR INJECTION SKIDS

Radiographic Test Procedure

Document No. MFJO597-RTP-0001

Rev Date Description Prepared Reviewed Approved

A 20 Dec 15 Issued for Sqad Check AR AM AM

0 22 Dec 15 Issued for Approval AR AM AM

Copying this Procedure without the permission of METALFAB is not permitted.

Document No. : INS/MEFB/ASME/B31.3/RT/001

OPERATION CONTROLS - PROCEDURE

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Document No. : INS/MEFB/ASME/B31.3/RT/001 Rev.: 00 dated 01.02.2015 Page No.: 2 of 21

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2.1 The following documents are referred:

2.1.1 ASME B 31.3: Process Piping. Ed: 2012

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Level III and approval by INSPEC.

6. Test Equipment and materials:

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Type Speed Contrast Graininess Example

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c) Radiographic defects caused by dirty or damaged screens or poor screen contact.

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10.1 Single Wall Viewing

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a) Clients symbol / Name

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Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia

0.0032 (0.08) / 1 0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16

0.004 (0.10) / 2 0.013(0.33 ) / 7 0.040 (1.02) / 12 0.126 (3.20) / 17

0.005 (0.13) / 3 0.016 (0.41) / 8 0.050 (1.27) / 13 0.160 (4.06) / 18

0.0063 (0.16) / 4 0.020 (0.51) / 9 0.063 (1..60) / 14 0.200 (5.08) / 19

0.008 (0.20) / 5 0.025 (0.64) /10 0.080 (2.03) / 15 0.250 (6.35) / 20

0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16 0.320 (8.13) / 21

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TABLE II. Penetrameter place for welds.

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Note-2: Placement of Penetrameters

11.6 IQI SELECTION:

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11.7 Geometrical Unsharpness:-Geometric unsharpness of the radiograph shall be determined in accordance

11.7.1 Geometric Unsharpness Limitations:-

Note: Material thickness is the thickness on which the penetrameter is based.

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12. Documentation / Storage of Films:

12.1 Report: - Radiography reports shall contain the following as a minimum

(a) Client (m) screen type & thickness

13. Acceptance Criteria

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Pipe Exposure Radiograph Source-Weld-Film Arrangement IQI Penetrameter Location

T-276 Source Side Either Side

Single-Wall : Single wall T-276 Source Side Film Side

Single-Wall : Single wall T-276 Source Side Source Side

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DOUBLE WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Pipe Exposure Radiograph Source-Weld-Film Arrangement IQI Penetrameter Location

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DOUBLE WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES