Algebra - Resolução Manual - Maximo 10º Ano

2 lgebra
2.1. Radicais 7.2. 20 45 + 5 80 =

= 4 5 9 5 + 5 16 5 =
Pg. 70
= 4 5 9 5 + 5 16 5 =
1. Seja l o comprimento do lado de um quadrado.
= 2 5 3 5 + 5 4 5 =
1.1. l = 16 = 4
= ( 2 3 + 1 4) 5 =
l = 4 cm
1.2. l = 81 = 9 = 4 5
l = 9 cm 7.3. 2 48 + 3 27 75 3 =
1.3. l = 0,01 = 2 16 3 + 3 9 3 25 3 3 =
l = 0,1 cm = 2 16 3 + 3 9 3 25 3 3 =
2. Seja a o comprimento da aresta de um cubo. = 2 4 3 + 3 3 3 5 3 3 =
2.1. a = 3 8 = 2 = ( 8 + 9 5 1) 3 = 11 3
a = 2 cm 7.4. 23 2 + 8 =
2.2. a = 3 1000 = 10 = 2 3 2 + 42 =
a = 10 cm = 23 2 +2 2 =
2.3. a = 3 0,001 = 0,1
=2 2
a = 0,1 cm 324 2 1
162 2 7.5. 4a + 9a + a=
3.1. 324 = 2 2 32 32 = 81 3
2
= 2 3 3 = 18 27 3 1
9 3 =2 a +3 a + a=
3.2. 2500 = 25 100 = = 5 10 = 50 3 3 2
4 4 2
1 1 11
3.3. = = =4 = 2 + 3+ a = a, a >0
0, 25 0, 25 0,5 2 2
4.1. 2 8 = 16 = 4
Pg. 71
( 2)
2
4.2. 2 2 2 =2 = 2 2 = 4 3 1
1 2 1
8.1. ( 3) : =
1 1
2 2
4.3. 2= 2 = 1 =1 2
2 2 13 1
= : ( 2 ) =
8 8 23 3
4.4. = = 4 =2
2 2 1 1 1
= =
12 12 8 9 2
4.5. = = 4 =2
3 3 1 1
= =
8 7 8 7 8 9 2 144
4.6. = = 28 = 4 7 = 2 7 2
2 2 1 2 3 2
1 3
12 = 4 3 = 4 3 = 2 3
5.1.
8.2. 2 5 =
4 5
=
5.2. 27 = 9 3 = 9 3 = 3 3 1
1
4 1
1
5.3. 48 = 16 3 = 16 3 = 4 3 2
2 2 2
5.4. 80 = 16 5 = 16 5 = 4 5 2 2
3 20
5.5. 600 = 100 6 = 100 6 = 10 6
= 20
= =
3
1
5.6. 2450 = 2 52 49 = 2450 2 3 2
1225 5 3
= 5 49 2 =
2
245 5
2
49 49 2
= 5 7 2 = 35 2 20 3 400
1 = 2 = =
6.1. 3 2 = 9 2 = 18 3 2 3 2
4 5 = 16 5 = 16 5 = 80 200
6.2. =
3
6.3. a 5 = a 2 5 = 5a 2 , a > 0 7
37 4 7 ( 3 4 ) = 127 = 1 =
= 7
6.4. 3x y z = 9
2
(x ) 2 2
y z = 9x y z ;
2 4 2 8.3. 7
12 12 2
12 122 127 122 122
x e y, z + = 12 2 = 144
1
2

2 + 50 98 + 18 =
( 72 ) 17 : ( 74 ) =
7.1. 5 3
8.4.
= 2 + 25 2 49 2 + 9 2 =
= 2 + 25 2 49 2 + 9 2 = 1
2
= 710 : 712 = 710 7 2 : 712 =

= 2 +5 2 7 2 +3 2 = 7
= (1 + 5 7 + 3) 2 = 2 2 = 7 : 712 = 1
12
2.1. Radicais
( x 3) 2 ( x + 1) 2 ( x 3)( x + 3) = ( ) = (5 x 3 )( 5x 3 )
2 2 2
9.1. 12.5. 25 x 2 10 x 3 + 3 = 5 x 3
= x 2 6 x + 9 2 ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) 2 ( x 2 9 ) =
= x 2 6 x + 9 2 x 2 4 x 2 2 x 2 + 18 = Pg. 72
= 3 x 2 10 x + 25 Atividade inicial 1
( )
3 2 2
1 1 1 1.1. 2<2 2 < 22
9.2. x 3 = 3 x 3 =
2 2 2
2 <2( 2)
3
1 2 1 1.2. < 23
= x 3x + 9 x 3 =
4 2 2 <2( 2)
4
1.3. < 24
1 3 3 2 3 2 9
= x x x + 9 x + x 27 =
2 <2( 2)
5
8 4 2 2 1.4. < 25
1 3 9 2 27
= x x + x 27
( )
2
2 < 2 ( 2 ) > 2
2
8 4 2 2.1.
2
( )( )
2 + x = ( 2) x 2 =
2
< ( 2)
2
9.3. 2x 2.2. 2 < 2 ( 2 )
3 3

= ( 2 x2 ) = 4 4x2 + x4 = > ( 2)
2 4
2 < 2 ( 2 )
4
2.3.
= x4 4x2 + 4
< ( 2)
5
2 < 2 ( 2 )
5
2.4.
1
10.1. x ( 2 x 1) = 0
2
1 Pg. 73
x = 0 2x 1 = 0
( )
7
7 < 2 ( 7 ) < 2
7
2 1.1.
1 1
x= x=
> ( 2 )
10
7 < 2 ( 7 )
10
2 2 1.2.
1
x= 4 < 1 ( 4 ) < 19
9
1.3.
2
4 < 1 ( 4 ) > 116
16
1 1.4.
S=
2 1.5. a < b < 0 ( a ) > ( b )
4 4
10.2. 3 x 5 x + 2 = 0
2
5 25 24
x= Pg. 75
6
x=
5 1

2.1. 4
81 = 9 = 4 2 4
(3 ) 2 2
= 4
3 =3 e3>0
4
6
2.2. 5
105 = 10
4
x = x =1 2.3. 6
4 no est definido porque 4 < 0 e 6 par.
6
2 2.4. 20
920 = 9 e 9 > 0
x = x =1
214 = 7 ( 22 ) = 7 47 = 4
7
3 2.5. 7
2
S = 1 , 6
( 2 ) = 6 ( 2 ) = 4 e 4 > 0
6 12 2
3 2.6.

11. Por exemplo: 2.7. 7
0 =0
1
11.1. ( x + 2 ) x = 0 2.8. 16
0 =0
2
1
(
11.2. x 2 x = 0
2
) Pg. 76
3.1. 4
2 = 2
2 4 2:2
= 2
12.1. 9 x 2 1 = ( 3 x ) 12 = ( 3 x 1)( 3 x + 1)
2
3.2. 4
4 = 4 22 = 2
12.2. ( x 2 ) 2 ( x 2 ) =
2
3.3. 12
34 = 12:4 34:4 = 3 3
= ( x 2 )( x 2 2 ) = 3.4. 12
39 = 12:3 39:3 = 4 33
= ( x 2 )( x 4 ) 3.5. 8
26 = 8:2 26:2 = 4 23
( 5) (5 )
2
4 5
12.3. 4 x 2 5 = ( 2 x )
2
= 3.6. 5
520 = 5
= 54
(
= 2x 5 2x + 5 )( ) 3.7. 6
2 2 34 = 3 2 32
3.8. 18
a 2b6c12 d 14 = 9 ab 3c 6 d 7 ; a , b , c , d +
12.4. 4 x 2 + 12 x + 9 = ( 2 x ) + 2 3 2 x + 32 =
2
3.9. 64 = 62 = 36
= ( 2 x + 3)
2
3.10. 3
27 a 6 = 3 33 a 6 = 3a 2 , a > 0
2.1. Radicais
3.11. 4
81a 2 = 4 34 4 a 2 = 3 a , a > 0 b) m.m.c. (4 , 6 , 3 , 8)
3.12. 5
32b10a15 = 5 25 b10 a15 = 2b 2a 3 , a > 0 e b > 0
4
4 = 46 46 = 24 4096
6
6 = 64 64 = 24 1296
4.1. 3 = 32 33 = 6 33 e 3
2 = 23 22 = 6 22
3
3 = 38 38 = 24 6561
4.2. m.m.c. (3 , 12) = 12
3
4 = 43 4 4 = 12 44 e 12
3
8
8 = 83 83 = 24 512
24
512 < 24 1296 < 24 4096 < 24 6561
4.3. m.m.c. (1 , 3 , 4)
Logo, 8
8<66<44<33.
a = 62 a 6 = 12 a 6 , 3
a = 43 a 4 = 12 a 4 e
8.2. a) Proposio falsa
4
a 3 = 34 a 33 = 12 a 9
b) Proposio verdadeira
4.4. m.m.c. (4 , 6) = 12 4
4
1 1
4
ab 2 = 34 a 3b32 = 12 a 3b 6 e 6
2ab = 26 22 a 2b 2 = 12 4a 2b 2 9.1. 2
3 = 3
= 2 = 2 2 = 2 2
3 4 3 3 3
2
4.5. m.m.c. (10 , 3 , 5) = 30
5
ab 2 = 310 a 3b32 = 30 a 3b 6 , ab 2 = 103 a10b102 = 30 a10b 20 2
( )
10 3 5
9.2. 4
0, 2 =4 = 4 55 = 4 54 5 = 5 4 5
5
ab= 2 65
a b =6 2 6 30 12 6
a b 10
( )
7
9.3. 5
a 2 = 5
(a ) 2 7
= 5 a14 = 5 a10 a 4 = a 2 5 a 4
Pg. 77
5.1. 5
a 5 ab = 5 a a b = 5 a 2b
Pg. 81
5.2. m.m.c. (2 , 3) = 6
(3)
5
( 2) 3
4 = 6 53 6 4 2 = 6 53 4 2 = 6 2000 10.1. 3
3= 3 6
5.3. m.m.c. (3 , 4) = 12 10.2. 5

32 = 10 25 = 2
( 4 ) 3 ( 3 )
2 4
3= 12
2 3 =
4 12 3 12
2 3 =
4 3 12
432 10.3. 2 2= 42 = 4 8
5.4. m.m.c. (3 , 5) = 15
( 3 ) 3
10.4. 4
2 3 a4 = 4 2 3 a4 = 4 3
23 a 4 = 12 23 a 4 , a > 0
5(
3 ) 5
2 = 15 55 15 23 = 15 55 23 = 15 25 000
32 2
13 1 1 1
10.5. 2= 3
=6 =3
Pg. 78 2 2
2 2
( )= ( a )=
3 3
10.6. a 5 a 3 = a10 a 3 =
6
6.1. 22 35 212 330 = 26 315

4 13 4
(a )
13 3
=
( a b c) =
3
6.2. 5 10 4 5
a 30 b12 c 3 = 5 a 30 b10 b 2 c 3 = = 4 a 39 = 4 a 36 a 3 = a 9 4 a 3 , a > 0
= a 6b 2 5 b 2 c3
Pg. 82
( )
4
6.3. 8
a 5b7 c10 = 8
(a b c )
5 7 10 4
= a 5b7 c10 = a 4 a b 6 bc10 = 1 1 5 5 5
11.1. = = =
=a b c 2 3 5
ab ; a , b , c + 3 5 3 5 5 3 5 15
3 3 3 52 3 3 25 3 3 25
11.2. 3
= = =
Pg. 79 5 3 5 3 52 3 3
5 5
1 1 1 1 1 3 3 4 53 3 4 53 3 4 53 3 4 125
7.1. 10 : 10 = 10 : = 10 243 = 11.3. = = = =
3 243 3 243 3 24 5 2 4 5 4 53 2 4 54 25 10
= 81 = 9 = 9
10 10 2 5
3 3 7 22 3 7 22 37 4
23 3 2
11.4. = = =
5 2 3
5 2
3
5 2 500 6 2 3 2 7
25 7
2 5 7
22 7
27 2
7.2. 6
= 6
=6 =6 = 5
100 100 100 100 5 5 3 10 3
5 10 27 5 10 27
33 11.5. = = =
2 3
2 2 3 3
2 4
3 3 10
37 10
37 10 33 10
310 3
7.3. = =9 = 9 = 9 43 = 3 4
9 3
8: 4 9 33 3
8: 4 8 : 43 23
Pg. 83
Pg. 80
12.1.
3
=
3 ( 2 +3 ) =
6 + 3 3 3 3 6
=
8.1. a) m.m.c. (10 , 3 , 5)
3
10 = 35 105 = 15 100 000
2 3 ( 2 3 )( 2 + 3) 29 7
5
100 = 53 1003 = 15 1 000 000 2 2 (2 3 3 2 ) 2 6 3 2
12.2. = = =
5
5 = 53 53 = 15 125
2 3 +3 2 (2 3 + 3 2 ) 4 3 9 2
3
3 = 35 35 = 15 243 2 6 6 3 6 6
= = =1
15
125 < 15 243 < 15 100 000 < 15 1 000 000 6 3 3
Logo, 15
5 < 3 3 < 3 10 < 5 100 .
2.1. Radicais
a+3 a 5 ( ) + 24 ( 1) + ( 1)
2
1 3 2
12.3. = =
24 3
a+3 + a ( a+3 + a )( a+3 a ) = =

( 24 ) ( 1)
3 3
3
a+3 a a+3 a
= = , a
a +3a 3
=
5 ( 3
242 3 24 + 1 )= 3
( 3 8)
2
3 24 + 1
=
12.4.
3 5
=
( 3 5 )( 5 +1 )=3 5 +35 5
=
24 + 1 5
5 1 ( 5 1)( 5 + 1) 5 1 3
9 ( 23 ) 3 24 + 1
2
= =
2 5 2 5 1 5
= =
4 2 4 3 9 3 24 + 1
=
1 3 + 2 1 5
12.5. = =
3 2 +1 3
( )
2 1 3 + 2 1 13.4.
4
2 +1
= A4 B 4 = ( A B ) ( A3 + A2 B + AB 2 + B 3 )
4
2 1
3 + 2 1 3 + 2 1 A = 4 2 e B =1
= = =
3 ( 2 1 )
2
(
3 2 2 2 +1 )
( ) ( ) ( 2 ) + ( 2 ) 1 + 2 1
2 +1 + 13
3 2
3 + 2 1 4 4 4 4 2
3 + 2 1 2
= = = = =
2 2 2
( 2 ) 1
4
2 2 4 4
6 +2 2 6 2+2
=
4
=
4
=
( 2 + 1) ( 2 + 2 + 2 + 1) =
4 4 3 4 2 4
12.6.
2 ( 1 + 2 + 1) =
=
2 2 1
1 + 2 1 ( 1 + 2 1)( 1 + 2 + 1)
= 2 + 2 + 4 2 2 + 4 2 + 4 23 + 4 2 2 + 4 2 + 1 =
4 4 4 3
= 2 + 2 4 33 + 2 2 + 2 4 2 + 1 =
2 ( 1 + 2 + 1) 2 ( 1 + 2 + 1) 2 = 3 + 2 2 + 24 8 + 24 2
= = = 6 6
1+ 2 1 2 2 13.5. 4 = =
3 + 3 4 3 + 4 32 A4 B 4 = ( A B ) ( A3 + A2 B + AB 2 + B3 )
=
2 ( 2 1+ 2 + 2 )= 2+2 2 + 2
6 A = 4 3 e B = 4 9
=4 =
2 3+ 49
6 ( 3 ) + ( 3 ) ( 9 ) + 3 ( 9 ) + ( 9 )
3 2 2 3
4 4 4 4 4 4
Pg. 84 = =
( 3) ( 9 )
4 4
1 4 4
13.1. 3 =
9 2 A B = ( A B ) ( A + AB + B
3 3 2 2
)
3
6 4 33 4 32 4 32 + 4 3 4 ( 3) 4 ( 32 )
2
( ) A= 9 e B=2
2 3
3
+ 3 9 2 + 22
= =
9
= =
39
( 9)
3
3
23
= 3 4 27 + 3 4 9 3 4 3
3
81 + 2 9 + 4 3
= =
98 Pg. 85
= 3 33 3 + 2 3 9 + 4 = 8+ 8 2 23
( 2)
4
14.1. 3
= 3 24 =
= 33 3 + 2 3 9 + 4 3 6
2
2
2
13.2. 3 = A3 B3 = ( A B ) ( A2 + AB + B 2 ) 2 22 2
3+32 = 3 23 2 =
6
A = 3 3 e B = 3 2 2
22 2
= 23 2 6
=
( 3) ( ) ( )
2
2 + 3 2 + 2
2 2
3 3 3 3
= =
6
23
= 23 2 4 =
( 3) ( 2 )
3 3
3 3 6
2
=
2 ( 3
93 6 + 4)
=
3
= 23 2 46
23
2
=
3+2
= 2 3 2 4 6 22 =
23 9 23 6 + 23 4
= = 2 3 2
5
5
13.3. =
1 + 23 3 A3 B3 = ( A B ) ( A2 + AB + B 2 )
5 A = 3 24 e B = 1
=3 =
24 + 1
2.1. Radicais
108 3 3 3 15.3. 37 20 3 = 37 2 10 3 =
14.2. = 108 2 ab = 10 3
( 3) ( )
3 2
= 52 2 10 3 + 2 3 =
( 3)
4 54 2 2
102 + = 103
27 3
( )
2
+ (2 3)
3
22 3 3 4 32 3 9 3 = 52 3 52 = 25 + 12 = 37
= = 3 3
4 3
3
(5 2 3 )
2
1 3
37 20 3 = =52 3
23 3 3 8 3
= =
4
33 15.4. 21 8 5 = 21 2 4 5 =
ab = 4 5
( 5)
2
6 3 3 8 4 8 3 = 42 2 4 5 + =
( 5)
2
= = 42 + = 16 + 5 = 21
8 6
3
( )
2
= 4 5
34 33
= 68 = 68 3
(4 5 )
2
36 21 8 5 = =4 5
3
24 81 3 3
8 3
14.3. = = 9 9 1
15.5. 2 = 2 2= 1
32 2 3 9 2 5 3
23 9 4 4 2 ab = 2
2
2
8 3 3 3 33 3 3
2
1
( )
3
1
1
( 2) 1 9
2 2
= = = 2 2 2 + = + = +2=
2 4 4
2 2 2 9
4 6 3 2 2
2
2 3 3 33 3 3 3 1
= = = = 2
4 2 6 23 9 4 6 23 6 23 9 2
3 3
3 3 9 1 1
= = = 2 = 2 = 2
4 2 2 3
6 3 3 2
4 2 3
6 6 6 2 4 2 2
3 3
1 15.6. 5 + 2 6 = 5 + 2 1 6 = ab = 1 6 = 2 3
= =
( 3 ) + 2 1 6 + ( 2 ) = ( 6 ) +1 = 7
2
4 2 3 3 2 2
8 =
2
( 3) + ( 2 ) = 5
2 2
3 + 4 144 3
= = ( 3 + 2)
2
14.4. 3
144 2
8
32 3 72 2
5 + 2 6 = ( 3 + 2) = 3 + 2
36 2 2
3 + 4 24 32 6 33
= 4
= 18 2
6 2
3 3 9 3
3 3
3 + 2 4 32 33 Pg. 87
= 6 = 1
4
3 32 16.1. 51 + 14 2 = 51 + 2 7 2 =
ab c = 7 2
( 2)
2
3 3+2 3 6 = 72 + 2 7 2 + = 72 + ( 2)
2
= 51
= 4
3=
3
( )
2
= 7+ 2
3 3 32 3
= 3= 6
3= 6
(7 + 2 )
4 4 2
3 3 51 + 14 2 = =7+ 2
4 3 3
3 6 3 6
= 3=4 3= 16.2. 22 8 6 = 22 2 4 6 =
4
3 3 ab c = 4 6
( )
2
= 42 2 4 6 + = ( 6)
2
6 42 + = 22
= 4 32 6 3 = 3 6 3 =
( )
2
= 3 63= 3 = 3
6 3 6 4 3 2
= 4 6
4 6 >0 ab c = 10 2
Pg. 86 = 5 2 2
(4 6 )
2
15.1. 3 + 2 2 = 3 + 2 1 2 = 22 8 6 = =4 6 ( 2)
2
( 2) 10 + = 102
2 2
12 + =3
( 2) + 2 2 +1
2
+ (2 2 )
2
= 2
= 16.3. 33 + 20 2 = 33 + 2 10 2 = 52 = 33
( )
2
= ( 2 + 1) = 52 + 2 10 2 + 2 2 =
2
( )
2
= 5+2 2
3 + 2 2 = (1 + 2 )
2
= 2 +1 =1+ 2
(5 + 2 2 )
2
( 2) 33 + 20 2 = =5+2 2
2
15.2. 3 2 2 = 3 2 1 2 = 12 + =3
( 2 ) 2 1
2
= 2 + 12 = 9 + 32 9 + 32
16.4. = =
4 2
= ( 2 1)
2
32 2 > 0
2 1 > 0
9 + 32 = 9 + 16 2 = 9 + 4 2 =
( )
2
32 2 = 2 1 = 2 1
2.1. Radicais
ab c = 2 2
= 9 + 2 2 2 = 18.2. 2 = 3 2x
( 2) = 6 9
2
( ) + 2 2
2 2 +
2
= 2 2 2 + 12 = 2
x=
1+ (2 2 ) = 9
2
3
2
= ( 2 2 + 1)
2
6
23
x=
6
9 + 32 9 + 32 22
= =
4 2 23
x= 6 x=6 2
(2 ) 22
2
2 +1 2 2 +1
=
4
=
2
= 2+
1
2
S= { 2}6
17.1. 7 2 6 = 7 2 1 6 = ( a + b )
( )
2
2
18.3. 2 2 x = 2 x =
ab = 1 6 2 2
= ( 2
6 2 6 +1 = 2
) ( 6)
2
+ 12 = 7 2 2+ 2 ( ) 2 2+2
x= x=
( ) ( 2 2 )( 2 + 2 )
2
= 6 1 42
15 6 6 = 15 2 3 6 = ( a + b ) x = 2 +1
2
= 32 2 3 6 + ( 6)
2
=
ab = 3 6
S= { 2 +1 }
( 6)
2
32 + = 15
18.4. x 2 2 x 1 = 0
2
( )
2
= 3 6
(2 2 )
2
2 2 +4
7 2 6 15 6 6 = x=
2
( ) (3 6 )
2 2
= 6 1 = 2 2 12
x=
2
= 6 1 (3 6 ) = 6 1 > 0
2 2 43
3 6 > 0 x=
=2 6 4 2
2 6 4 um nmero irracional. 2 22 3
x=
17.2. 9 + 4 5 = 9 + 2 2 5 = ( a + b )
2
2
ab = 2 5
x= 2+ 3x= 2 3
( ) ( 5)
2 2
= + 2 2 5 + 22 = 22 + =9
{ }
5
S= 2+ 3, 2 3
= ( 5 + 2)
2
18.5. 3
2x x 1 = 0
9 4 5 = ( 5)
2
2 2 5 + 2 = 2 x ( 3
2 1 = 1 )
1
= ( 5 2)
2
x=
3
2 1
( 2) + 2 +1
2
9+4 5 94 5 = 3 3
A3 B3 = ( A B ) ( A2 + AB + B 2 )
x=
= ( ) ( 5 2)
5+2
2 2
= 52>0 ( 2 ) 1 3
A = 3 2 , B =1
5 + 2 ( 5 2) = 4 22 + 3 2 + 1
3
= x=
2 1
4 um nmero natural.
x = 3 4 + 3 2 +1
Pg. 88 S= { 3
4 + 3 2 +1 }
18.1. 5x + 2x 3 = 0 19. rea de cada face do icosaedro:
x ( 5 + 2 =3 ) h2 + 2 3 ( ) = (4 3)
2 2

x=
3
h = 48 12
2
5+ 2 h 2 = 48 12
x=
3 ( 5 2 )
h 2 = 36 ( h > 0 )
( 5+ 2 )( 5 2 ) h=6
4 36
x=
3 ( 5 2)

rea de cada face:
2
= 12 3
52 cm2
x= 5 2 rea lateral:
S= { 5 2 } ( 20 12 3 ) cm 2
= 240 3 cm2
2.1. Radicais
Pg. 89 24.4. x 4 = 3 x = 4 3 x = 4 3
20. rea da coroa circular: AC {
S = 4 3 , 4 3 }
AC = R 2 r 2
24.5. x 4 = 10 000 x 4 = 10 4 x = 4 10 4 x = 4 10 4
Pelo Teorema de Pitgoras:
r 2 + r 2 = R 2 R 2 = 2r 2 x = 10 x = 10
Ento: S = {10 , 10}
AC = 2r 2 r 2 = r 2 24.6. x 6 = 4 , impossvel
Como AC = a , vem: S ={ }
r 2 = a r 2 = a r = a 24.7. x 7 = 1 x = 7 1 x = 1
Como o lado do quadrado igual a 2r, o permetro : S = {1}
P = 4 2r = 8 a 24.8. x 5 = 32 x = 5 32 x = 2 (2
5
= 32 )
Logo, P = 8 a cm.
S = {2}
4
( )
2
21. Vesfera = 3 3 24.9. x8 = 0 x = 0
3
S = {0}
= 4 3
Vsemiesfera = 2 3 1 1 1
24.10. x 3 = x=3 x= (4
3
= 64 )
Volume do cilindro de 64 64 4
altura 3 : 1
S =
4
( 3)
2
Vclinidro = = 3 = 3 3
1 1
25.1. 3 =
Vgua = 3 3 2 3 = 3 27 3
3 25.2. 4
74 = 7
3h = 3 h =
3
25.3. 8 1 = 8 1 = 1
3
h= cm 25.4. 7
1 = 1
3
Pg. 91 25.5. 7
27 = 2
Atividades complementares 25.6. 6
212 = 6
(2 )2 6
=4
3 3
1 1 1 1
22.1. < < ( 8)
8
25.7. 8
= 8 88 = 8
2 3 2 3
( 5)
7
1 1 1 1
4 4
25.8. 7
= 5
22.2. > <
4 2 4 2 1 1
2 25.9. 5 = (2
5
= 32 )
3 3 32 2
< ( 2 )
2
22.3. > 2
3 3 25.10. 15 0 = 0

( 0,1)
4
1 1
2
25.11. 4 0,0001 = 4
= 0,1
22.4. > 1 < ( 1)
2
3 3 25.12. 3 0,000000008 = 3
( 0,002 )
3
= 0,002
( ) ( )
5 5
23.1. 5 < 3 5 < 3 26.1. 3= 2 2
3 = 9
2 4
2 3 2 3
6 6
26.2. 6
7 =
2 6:2
7 2:2 = 3 7
23.2. < >
3a = 22 ( 3a ) = 4 9a 2 , a > 0
2
2 3 2 3 26.3.
8 8
1 1 1 1 a 2b = 25 ( a 2b ) = 10 a 4b 2
5 2
23.3. > > 26.4.
3 4 3 4
7 7 26.5. 15
a 5b10 = 15:5 a1b 2 = 3 ab 2
7 8 7 8
23.4. > > 26.6. ab3 = 6 a 3b 9 , a > 0 e b > 0
8 7 8 7
27. Por exemplo:
24.1. x = 8 x = 8 x = 2
3 3 27.1. 2 = 4 2 2 = 6 23 = 8 2 4
S = {2} 27.2. 3
5 = 6 52 = 9 53 = 12 54
24.2. x 3 = 27 x = 3 27 x = 3 27.3. 9
33 = 3 3 = 6 32 = 12 34
S = {3} 27.4. 3
2 x 2 = 6 2 2 x 4 = 9 23 x 6 = 12 24 x8 , x > 0
24.3. x 4 = 3 impossvel 27.5. 4
2 x 2 = 8 2 2 x 4 = 12 23 x 6 = 16 24 x8 , x > 0
S ={ }
xy 2 10 x 2 y 4 15 x 3 y 6 20 x 4 y 8
27.6. 5 = = = ; x > 0, y > 0 e z > 0
z3 z6 z9 z12
2.1. Radicais
28.1. m.m.c. (3 , 2) = 6 30.8. 4

x 8 x6 = 4 x 4 x3 =
3
5 = 6 52 = 6 25 = 4 x x3 = 4 x 4 = x , x > 0
2= 2 =68 6 3
30.9. 2 3 5 3 2 = 6 6 52 6 23 = 6 6 52 23 =
28.2. m.m.c. (4 , 8) = 8 = 6 6 25 8 = 6 6 200
4
12 = 8 144 = 8 144
30.10. 4
x 5 x = 4 x 4 x10 = 4 x x10 =
8
144 = 8 5
= 4 x11 = 4 x8 x 3 = x 2 4 x3 , x > 0
28.3. m.m.c. (3 , 4) = 12
3
7 = 12 7 4 = 12 2401 30.11. 6
25 4 23 = 12 210 12 29 = 12 219 =
4
2 = 12 23 = 12 8 = 12 212 27 = 212 128
1 1
28.4. m.m.c. (2 , 4) = 4 30.12. 5
128 3 16 = 5 27 3 24 =
4 4
2a = 2 4
( 2a ) 2 2
= 4a , a > 0
4 4
1
= 2 2 2 2 =
5 2 3
1 4
4 b,b >0 1
2 = 2 2 23 2 =
5 2
4
pg. 92 = 15 26 15 25 = 15 211 =
29.1. m.m.c. (3 , 5 , 15) = 15 = 15 2048
( )( ) ( 3) = 4 3 =1
2
3
2 = 25 = 15 32
15
31.1. 2 3 2 + 3 = 22
5
23 = 15 29 = 15 512
( 2 + 3) = 2 + 2 2 3 + 3 = 5 + 2 6
2
31.2.
15
7 = 49
2 15
( 2 2 5 3 ) = 8 2 2 2 5 3 + 75 =
2
15
32 < 15 49 < 15 512 31.3.
Logo, 3
2 < 15 7 2 < 5 23 .
= 83 20 6
29.2. m.m.c. (3 , 6 , 9) = 18
3
2 = 18 26 = 18 64
(
31.4. 2 3 2 )( 3 2 = )
6
32 = 18 36 = 18 729 =2 3 32 3 2 2 3+ 2 2 =
= 23 2 6 6 + 2 =
9
52 = 18 54 = 18 625
=83 6
18
64 < 18 625 < 18 729
Logo, 3
2 < 9 52 < 6 32 .
31.5. 4
8 ( 4
2 2 =48 ) ( 4
244 = )
29.3. m.m.c (4 , 6 , 8) = 24 = 16 32 =
4 4
4
2= 24
2 =
6 24
64 = 4 2 4 4 25 =
6
2 2 = 24 28 = 24 256 = 2 4 24 2 =
8
5= 24
5 = 24 125
3
= 2 24 2
( )
2
24
64 < 24 125 < 24 256 31.6. 2 3 81 3 3 3 =
Logo, 4
2 < 8 5 < 6 22 .
( )
2
29.4. m.m.c. (2 , 3 , 4) = 12 = 2 3 34 3 3 3 =
3 = 12 36 = 12 729
( )
2
= 2 3 3 3 33 3 =
3
3 = 3 = 12 6561
2 12 8
= (3 3 ) ( 3)
2 2
4
2 2 = 12 26 = 12 64
3
=9 3
=
12
64 < 729 < 6561
12 12
=9 9 3
Logo, 4
2 2 < 3 < 3 32 . 32.1. 63 5 28 + 112 7 252 + 2 448 =
30.1. 2 32 = 64 = 8 = 9 7 5 4 7 + 16 7 4 36 7 + 2 64 7 =
30.2. 3 4 = 2 3 = 3 7 5 2 7 4 7 7 6 7 + 28 7 =
30.3. 2 8 = 16 = 4 = ( 3 10 + 4 42 + 16 ) 7 =
30.4. 3
2 3 5 = 3 10
= 29 7
30.5. 4
2 4 8 = 4 16 = 2 1
32.2. 5 12 + 7 48 2 108 192 =
2 3 32 = 6 23 6 ( 25 ) =
2
30.6. 2
1
= 6 23 210 = 6 212 2 = = 5 4 3 + 7 16 3 2 36 3 64 3 =
2
= 6 212 6 2 = 4 6 2 1
= 5 2 3 + 7 4 3 2 6 3 8 3 =
30.7. 3
2 4 8 = 2 12 ( 2 12 4
)
3 3
= 2
= (10 + 28 12 4 ) 3 = 22 3
= 12 24 29 = 12 212 2 = 212 2
2.1. Radicais
1 1 1 3
3 4 4 12 34 12 43 12 34 43
32.3. 3 125 + 80 + 245 20 = 35.8. = = =
2 3 3 3
6:61 12 4 64
6 :1
1 1 1
= 3 25 5 + 16 5 49 5 45 = 34
4
3
43 = 12 ( 22 ) =
3
2 3 3 = 12 4
1 1 1 6 6
= 3 5 5 + 4 5 7 5 2 5 =
2 3 3 4
1 1
7 2 = 12 26 = 12 4 26 = 12 22 = 6 2
= 15 + 2 5 = 2 2
3 3
11
1 1
= 14 5 36.1. 5 = 5 = 5 2
2 2 2
( 3 ) = ( 3 ) = 3 = 9
4 2
2
33.1. 1
( 5 ) = ( 5 )
3 3 1
36.2. 3 3
= 5 1 =
33.2. ( 2 ) = ( 2 ) ( 2 ) = 2
3
5
3
3
3
2
3 5
4
( 2) ( 3) =
1 2
6 6
36.3. 5 5 5
21 5 32 =
2
1 1
2 = ( 2 ) 1 1
3
33.3. 3 3
= 22 =
2 2 26 16 =5
1 2 59
3 =
( )
2 2 2
( 2 ab 5)
2
33.4. 3
24 ab5 = 3 4
= 3 28 a 2b10 =
( 3) : ( 3)
3 2
36.4. 3
= 3 33 : 32 =
= 3 2 6 b 9 2 2 a 2 b = 3 b 9 3 4 a 2b = 3 2
1 1
= 4b 3 3 4a 2b =3 : =

3 3
34. 2 x 2 + 2 xy + y 2
1 1
34.1. Para x = 2 e y = 2 5 : = : =1
3 3
( 2) ( )
2 2
2 2 22 5 + 2 5 = 37.1. 3
3=63
= 2 2 4 10 + 20 = 37.2. 5
32 = 10 32 = 10 25 = 2
= 24 4 10
37.3. 5 2= 52 2 = 4 50
2
34.2. Para x = 6 8 = 2 = 2 e y = : 6 3
37.4. 4
2 3 a4 = 4 3
23 a 4 = 12 8a 4 , a > 0
2
3

( )
2 3
2 2 37.5. a 5 a 3 =
3
2 ( ) 2 2 2
2
+ = (a ) 5 2
a 3 = 4
a13 =
2 2
1 5
= 42+ = = 4
(a ) 13 3
= 4 a 39 = 4 a 36 a 3 =
2 2
= a9 4 a3
35.1. 5
4 : 5 2 = 5 4:2 = 5 2
23 2 2 = 23 2 2 = 24 2 =
3 3 3 3 3
2 37.6.
35.2. 4
10 : 4 15 = 4 10 :15 = 4
3 =
3 6
28 6 23 =
3 6
28 23 = 18 211 = 18 2048
25
35.3. 3 5 : 6 3 = 6 52 : 6 3 = 6 37.7. 3
2 8 3: 3 2 =
3
= 22 23 6 33 : 6 22 =
3
8
35.4. 4
2: 3= 2 : 3 =
6 12 3 12 2 12
9 6
25 6 33 25 33
= = 6 =
3
2 8 3
28 3 6
2 2 22
35.5. 3
= 3 = 4
4 4 = 2 33 = 6 63 = 6
6 3
35.6. 2 3: 4 =3 4
= 12 26 12 34 : 12 43 = pg. 93
2 3
6 4
1 3 3
= 12 26 34 : ( 22 ) = 12
3
= 38.1. = =
26 3 3 3 3
= 12 34 = 3 3 2 2 6 12 43 2 3 3
38.2. = = = = =
4
16 : 3 6
2 : 3 6 2 :3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3
35.7. = = =
3
2: 4 6 3 6 4
2 : 2 23 : 2 4 1 1 5 5
38.3. = = =
26
5 5 5 5 5
3 = 6 2 2 = 6 2 =
6 4 7
5 5 3 15
=6 38.4. = =
2 3
3 2 3
3 3 3 3 3
24 1 1 3 3 3
38.5. = = =
2 2 2 3 2 3 3 23 6
= 6 26 = 2 6
3 3
2.1. Radicais
5 5 3 22 5 3 22 5 3 22 5 3 22 2
38.6. = = = = 40.2. =
3
3
5+32 A3 B3 = ( A B ) ( A2 + AB + B 2 )
2 3
2 23 2 3
2 2 2 3 3
2 2
A = 3 5 e B = 3 2
1 31 1 3 52 3 2
5 3 2
5
38.7. 3 = 3 = = =
5 5 3 5 3 52 3 53 5
2 ( 5) ) ( (
+ 3 5 3 2 + 3 2 )
2 2
3
1 2 4 4 3 4 3 4 3

=
1 1 2 2
38.8. 4 = = = = =
( ) ( )
3 2
2 4 2 4 2 4 23 4 2 4 2 3
5 3 2
3 6 35
38.9.
26 3
3
=
2 6 3 6 35
=
3 6 35
2 6 36
=
3 6 35 6 35
23
=
2 =
2 ( 3
52 3 10 + 3 4 )=
5+2
2 2 7 33 2 7 33 2 7 33 2 7 33
= = = =
38.10.
37 4 3 7 34 7 33 3 7 37 3 3 9 =
2 3
7
(
25 3 10 + 3 4 )
39.1.
6
=
6 2+ 7 ( ) =
(
6 2+ 7 )= 40.3.
6
= A4 B 4 = ( A B ) ( A3 + A2 B + AB 2 + B 3 )
2 7 ( 2 7 )( 2 + 7 ) 4 7 1+ 4 2
A = 4 2 e B = 1
6(2 + 7 )
= 2 ( 2 + 7 ) = 6 ( 2) + ( 2) ( 2 ) ( 1) + ( 1)
3 2
( 1) +
2 3
= 4 4 4
3 = =
( 2)
4
( 1)
4
= 4 2 7
2 +1 2 +1
( )=
1
39.2. = = = 2 +1 6 4
23 4 2 2 + 4 2 1
2 1 ( 2 1 )( 2 +1 ) 2 1 =
2 1
39.3.
2 3
=
( 2 3 )( 2 3 )= = 64 8 + 64 2 6 2 6
2+ 3 ( 2+ 3 )( 2 3) 40.4.
1
= A4 B 4 = ( A B ) ( A3 + A2 B + AB 2 + B 3 )
243
22 2 3+3
= = 1 A= 4 4 e B= 4 3
23 =4 =
443
52 6
= = 2 6 5
( 4 ) + ( 4 ) 3 + ( 4 )( 3 ) + ( 3 )
3 2 2 3
4 4 4 4 4 4
1
= =
( ) ( )= ( 4 ) ( 3)
4 4
30 30 3 2 + 3 30 3 2 + 3 4 4
39.4. = =
3 2 3 (3 2 3 3 2+ 3 )( ) 18 3
=
4
43 + 4 42 4 3 + 4 4 4 32 + 4 32
=
(
30 3 2 + 3 ) =2 3 43
=
15
( 2+ 3 = ) = 4 64 + 4 48 + 4 36 + 4 27
( )( ) ( )
2
=6 2+2 3 41.1. 3 5 3 + 5 2 3 =
39.5.
a
=
(
a 2 a b ) =
=95 44 3 +3 = ( )
2 a+ b ( 2 a+ b 2 a b )( ) = 47+4 3 = 4 3 3
( ) ( )=
2
2a ab 41.2. 2 2
2
64 2
= ,a>0eb>0
4a b
a a ( 2+a a ) =44 2 +2 64 2 = ( )
39.6. = =
2+a + a ( 2+a + a )( 2+a a ) = 64 2 6+ 4 2 = 0
( )( ) ( )
2
=
a ( 2+a a ) = a( 2+a a ), a > 0 41.3. 3 2 2 3 3 2 + 2 3 + 1 + 2 2 =
(2 + a) a = (3 2 ) ( 2 3 ) + 1 + 4
2 2
2 2 +8=
1
40.1. 3 = A3 B3 = ( A B ) ( A2 + AB + B 2 ) = 18 12 + 1 + 4 2 + 8 = 15 + 4 2
2 2 2
A= 3 2 e B=2= 38 1
2
2
( 2) + 2 2 + 4 = ( )
2
3 3
41.4. 1 2 2 1 2 1 + =
= 2 2
( 2) 2
3
3 3
2
1
= 1 2 + 2 2 2 2 1 + 2 + =
4 4
( )
4 + 23 2 + 4
3
= =
3
28 3
= 2 22 2 + 2=
2 2
( )
3
4 + 23 2 + 4
=
6 3
= 2 3+ 2 2 3 2 22 =
2
5
2
( )
2.1. Radicais
42.1. 4 + 2 3 = ( a + b )
2 2
3
( )( ) ab = 3
2
41.5. 4 1 1 3 2 + 3 3 =
( 3) + 2 ( 3)
2
2
2 + 12 = 4
4+2 3 = 3 + 12 =
3
= 4 1 + 3 + 1 3 4 + 12 3 + 27 =
4
( )( ) = ( 3 + 1)
2
= 4 + 4 3 + 3 1 3 31 + 12 3 = ( )( ) 4+2 3 = ( 3 +1 )
2
= 3 +1
= 7 + 4 3 31 + 12 3 31 ( 3 36 ) =
42.2. 36 16 2 = ( a b )
2
ab = 8 2 = 2 4 2
( 2 ) = 66
2
= 7 + 4 3 + 5 + 19 3 = 82 +
( )
2
36 16 2 = 4 2 16 2 + 22
= 12 + 23 3 ( 4 2 ) + 2 = 36
2
2
( )
2 2
= 4 2 2
( ) 12 33 =
2
41.6. 2 2 3
(4 )
2
36 16 2 = 2 2 = 4 2 2>0
1 3 3
(
= 4 2 3 +
4 3
+ =
9
) =4 2 2

42.3. 7 + 2 10 = ( a + b )
2
7 3
( )
ab = 10 = 5 2
= 4 2 3 + =
( 5 ) + 2 10 + ( 2 ) =
2 2
( 5) + ( 2 )
2 2
12 3 7 + 2 10 = =7
7 2 3 7 3
= ( 5 + 2)
2
= 4 + 1 =
6 3 12
7 + 2 10 = ( 5 + 2 ) = 5 + 2
2
1 3 2 3
= 4 + = +
6 12 3 3
43.1. 10 4 6 = ( a b )
2
ab = 2 6
41.7. 4 6 ( x a ) : 2 4 ( x a ) = ( 6)
3 2
( 6) 4 6 + 2 =
2
2
+ 22 = 10
10 4 6 = 2
4 xa
= = 2, x a > 0 = ( 6 2)
2
2 xa
3
128 3 16 + 3 54 =
10 4 6 = ( 6 2 ) = 6 2 =
41.8. 2
6 2>0
= 64 2 8 2 + 27 2 =
3 3 3
= 3 43 2 3 23 2 3 33 2 = = 2 + 6 = 6 2
43.2. 29 + 12 5 = ( a + b )
2
=4 2 2 2 +3 2 =
3 3 3
ab = 6 5 = 3 2 5 = ...
= 53 2
( ) ( 5 ) = 41 29
2 2
29 + 12 5 = 32 + 12 5 + 2 5 = 62 +
41.9. 3
16 x + 54 x 128 x =
4 3 4 3 4
+ ( 2 5 ) = 29
2
( )
2 32
= 3+ 2 5
= 8 x 2 x + 27 x 2 x + 64 x 2 x =
3 3 3 3 3 3
( 2x) 3 2 x + 3 ( 3x ) 3 2 x + 3 ( 4 x ) 3 2 x = (3 + 2 5 )
3 3 3 2
= 3
29 + 12 5 = = 3+ 2 5 = 2 5 +3
= 2 x 2 x + 3x 2 x + 4 x 2 x =
3 3 3
43.3. 44 + 16 7 = ( a + b )
2
ab = 8 7 = 4 2 7 = ...
= ( 2 x + 3x + 4 x ) 3 2 x =
( ) ( 7 ) = 71
2 2
44 + 16 7 = 4 + 16 7 + 2 7
2
= 82 +
= 9x 3 2x
+ ( 2 7 ) = 44
2
42
( )
2
3
2 3 3 12 3 2 3 12 = 4+2 7
41.10. 6
= 6
=
27 27
(4 + 2 7 )
2
44 + 16 7 = =4+2 7 =2 7 +4
( 24 3 )
2
6
24 3 2
= 6
=6 = 44. 6 2 5 = ( a b)
2
ab = 5 = 1 5
27 27
(6 2 5 ) = ( 5 ) 2 5 + 1 = ( 5) +1 = 6
2 2
2 2 2
242 6 24
= = = 38=2
6
3
= ( 5 1)
9 2
2 4 4 3 4 1 2 4 3 4 3 4 1
= =
6 2 5 = ( 5 1) = 5 1 ( 5 1 > 0 )
41.11. 2
23 4 3
23 4
2 4 3 42 3
42 1+ 5 1 + 5 (1 + 5 )( 5 + 1)
= = 2 4 = = = =
5 1 ( 5 1)( 5 + 1)
( 2) 62 5
2 3
4 3 5 210
1+ 2 5 + 5 6 + 2 5
= = =
24 5 1 4
= 24 3 = 212 26 =
210 3+ 5
=
= 2 2 1 = 2 2 2 1 = 2 2
2.1. Radicais
45.1. x 4 10 x 2 + 1 = 0
( a + b)
2
b: a, b , a2 + b2 =
Fazendo y = x2:
Proposio falsa
10 100 4
y 2 10 y + 1 = 0 y =
( 2 ) 3 + ( 2 ) = 1
2 2
2 Por exemplo, 32 + = 3+ 2 = 5 e
10 96 10 16 6
( a b)
2
y= y= c: a, b , 3
a 2 3 b2 = 3
2 2
Proposio verdadeira, pois:
10 4 6
y= y =52 6
( a b)
2
2
3
a 2 3 b2 = 3 a 2 b 2 = 3
Substituindo y por x2 : d: a, b + , a 2 b2 = b a
x2 = 5 + 2 6 x2 = 5 2 6 52 6 >0
Proposio falsa
x = 5+ 2 6 x = 52 6 Por exemplo, 52 12 = 5 e 1 5 = 5
a
e: a \ {0} ,
Clculo auxiliar:
=3a
5 + 2 6 = (a + b)
2
ab = 6 = 2 3 = ... 3 2
a
( 3) ( 2) ( 2 ) + ( 3)
2 2 2 2
5+2 6 = +2 6+ = =5 Proposio verdadeira, pois:
= ( 3 + 2)
3
2
a a3 a3 3
= = 3 = a
3
a 2 3
a 2 a2
( )
2
5+2 6 = 3+ 2 = 3+ 2
f: Proposio verdadeira
De igual modo: 3
13 6 36 33
6= = =
( )
2
52 6 = 3 2 = 3 2 2 3 3
2 8 4
Ento: g: Proposio falsa, pois:
( )=
2
x = 5+2 6 x = 52 6 2 +1 2 +1
x= 3+ 2x= 3 2x= 3 2
( ) ( 2) + 2
2
4
2 +1 = 4 4
2 +1 = 2 +1 + 24 2
x= 3+ 2
S= { 3+ 2 , 3 2 , 3+ 2 , 3 2 } h:Proposio falsa
x8 = 2 x = 8 2 x = 8 2
45.2. x 4 8 3 x 2 16 = 0
i: Proposio falsa, pois:
Fazendo y = x2 :
1 soluo de x 4 = 1 e no soluo de x7 = 1
y 2 8 3 y 16 = 0
j: Proposio verdadeira, pois:
8 3 192 + 64
( 2) 2 ( 2) + 2
3 2
y= 2=
2
= ( 2) ( 2) + 0 = 0
3 3
8 3 16
y=
2
k: Proposio falsa, pois:
y = 4 3 +8 y = 4 3 8
( ) =( 2 )
14 14
= 21 ( 26 ) = (2 )
14 6 2
Substituindo:
3 7
64 21 6 3
=
x2 = 4 3 + 8 x2 = 4 3 8 = 3 212 = 2 4 26
A segunda equao impossvel porque 4 3 8 < 0 . l: Proposio verdadeira, pois:
x2 = 4 3 + 8 x = 4 3 + 8 13 < 7 < 33 1 < 3 7 < 3
x= ( 6+ 2 ) 47. O octaedro formado por duas pirmides iguais.
necessrio calcular a altura de uma das pirmides.
x= 6+ 2x= 6 2
S= { 6+ 2, 6 2 }
Clculo auxiliar:
4 3 + 8 = (a + b)
2
ab = 2 3 = 12 = 6 2...
( 6) ( 2) ( 3) = 7
2 2 2
4 3 +8 = +2 6 2+ = 22 +
= ( 6 + 2) 1 + ( 12 ) = 13
2 2
2
Diagonal da base:
( ) ( 6) +( 2)
2 2 2
4 3 +8 = 6+ 2 = 6+ 2 =8 d 2 = a2 + a2
d 2 = 2a 2 d = 2a 2 (a > 0)
Pg. 94 d = 2a
46. a: a, b + , a 2 + b2 = a + b 2a
Semidiagonal =
Proposio falsa 2
Por exemplo, 32 + 42 = 5 3 + 4 .
2.1. Radicais
2 2 2
Altura da pirmide: 49.3. HC = HG + GC
2
2
( ) + ( 200 )
2 2 2
h 2 + a = a 2 HC = 6
200 6
2
= 2 ( 200 )
2 3
1 HC 6
h2 = a2 a2
2
HC = 2 6 200 2
1 2
h =a a
2 2
2 HC = 2 3 200
h2 =
1 2
a h=
1 2
a HC = 3
23 200
2 2
HC = 6 23 2 100
2 1
h= ah= a HC = 6 2 4 102
2 2
HC = 3 2 2 10
Voctaedro = 2 Vpirmide
1 HC = 3 40 cm
= 2 Abase altura = 2 2 2
3 49.4. HB = DB + HD
( ) +( )
2 2 2
2 2 HB = 3
40 6
200 DB = HC
= a2 a=
3 2 2
HB = 3 402 + 6 200 2
2 3
= a 2
3 HB = 3 1600 + 3 200
2
CE HB = 3 8 200 + 3 200
48. = tg 30 2
EB HB = 2 3 200 + 3 200
3 2
2 2 = EB HB = 3 3 200
3
HB = 3 3 200
6 2 = EB 3
6 2 HB = 3
9 200
EB =
3 HB = 1800 6
6 2 3 BH = 6 1800 cm
EB =
3 3
6 6 Pg. 95
EB =
3 OE
50. = cos30
EB = 2 6 EM
2 2 2
BC = EB + CE 4 = EM
3

( ) + (2 2 ) 2
2 2 2
BC = 2 6
8
2 EM =
BC = 24 + 8 3
BC = 32 8 3
EM =
BC = 16 2 BC = 4 2 3
Permetro: OM OM 3 4 3
= tg 30 = OM =
AD + DC + CB + AB = OE 4 3 3
8 3
=2 2+2 2+4 2+2 2+2 6 = AB = 2OM =
3
= 10 2 + 2 6 2
8 3
(
Logo, o permetro do trapzio 10 2 + 2 6 cm. ) 2
Abase = AB =
64 3 64
3 = 9 = 3

49.1. a 3 = 2 50 a = 3 2 50 8 3 8 3 64

a= 3
4 50 AM EM 3 = 3 = 32
Aface = = 3
2 2 2 3
a = 6 200
64 32 64 + 128 192
O comprimento da aresta do cubo 6
200 cm. Atotal = + 4 = = = 64
3 3 3 3
1
49.2. Vpirmide = Vcubo = A rea total da superfcie da pirmide 64 cm2.
3
51. BC = a
1 10 2
= 2 50 = 2
51.1. BG = a 2 + a 2 BG = 2a 2 BG = 2a
3 3
P[ BGE ] = 3 2a = 3 2a
10 2
O volume da pirmide [ABCDH] cm3.
3
2.1. Radicais
51.2. O tringulo [BGE] equiltero de lado 2a . O ponto O tambm o centro da circunferncia circunscrita
2
2 ao tringulo [ABC]. Como o tringulo equiltero, ento este
( )
2
h 2 + a = 2a ponto tambm o ponto de interseo das medianas. Logo:
2 2 2
1 OC = MC = 3r
h 2 = 2a 2 a 2 3 3
2
Seja [ON] o raio da circunferncia exterior que passa em C.
3 2
h = a
2
Ento, OC + CN igual ao raio da circunferncia.
2
2
3 2 3r + r = 6 2 3r + 3r = 18
h= a 3
2
3 3 (
r 2 3 + 3 = 18 r = ) 18
2 3+3

h= ah= a
18 ( 2 ) ( )
2 2
3 3 18 2 3 3
3 r= r=
A[ BGE ] =
2a a
2 = 3 a2 ( 2 3 + 3)( 2 3 3) 12 9
2 2 r = 6 ( 2 3 3) r = 12 3 18
3 2
A rea do tringulo [BGE]
2
a . O raio de cada uma das circunferncias 18 2 3 cm. ( )
1 53. A altura da caixa deve ser igual ao dimetro dos sabonetes, ou
51.3. Vpirmide = A[ EBF ] FG
3 seja, 6 cm.
1 aa a3 Para determina as dimenses da base da caixa vamos
= a = (1)
3 2 6 considerar o seguinte esquema onde se visualiza a planta da
Seja h a altura pedida: caixa com os sabonetes.
1 2 2 2
Vpirmide = A[ BGE ] h PR = QR + PQ Teorema de
3 Pitgoras
1 3 2 3a 2 h 6 2 = 32 + PQ
2
= a h= (2)
3 2 6
PQ = 36 9
Como (2) = (1), vem:
PQ = 3 3
3a 2 h a 3 a3
= 3a 2 h = a 3 h = Os tringulos [PSC] e [RQP]
6 6 3a 2
so semelhantes por terem dois ngulos iguais
a a 3 3
h=
3
h=
3 3
h=
3
a ( = RQP
CSP = 90 e QPR = PCS )
3 CS QR CS 3
A altura da pirmide [EBGF] a. = , ou seja, = CS = 3 3
3 PQ PS 3 3 3
52. Sejam A, B e C os centros das circunferncias interiores e O o Podemos finalmente, concluir que o lado do tringulo
centro da circunferncia exterior. equiltero [ABC] igual a:
CS + ST + TB = 3 3 + 6 + 3 3 =
=6+6 3
A caixa dos sabonetes tem a
forma de um prisma
triangular regular com 6 cm
(
de altura e 6 + 6 3 cm de )
aresta da base.
Pg. 96
Avaliao 1
4
( ) > ( 2 )
3 3
( 2 ) < 2 ( 2 )
2 4 3 4 2 4 3
Seja M o ponto mdio de [AB] e r o raio. 1.

AC = 2r e AM = r
4 4 > 4 8 4 4 ( ) > ( 8 )
3 3
4
Como o tringulo [ABC] equiltero:
( )
2 2 2
AC = AM + MC 4
4 > 4 8 4 43 > 4 83
2 2
( 2r )
2
= r + MC MC = 4r r MC = 3r
2 2 2 2
( 4
4 > 4 8 4 43 < 4 83 )
MC = 3r
(F V) F
Resposta: (C)
2.1. Radicais
2. 4
( 2 )
4
= 4 24 = 2 5 2 2 5+ 2
Permetro = 2 a+ a= a
2 2 2
Resposta: (A)
Resposta: (C)
3. x6 = 4 x = 6 4 x = 6 22 x = 3 2
x = 3 2 x = 3 2 Pg. 97
x12 = 16 x = 12 2 4 x = 3 2 1 5
x = 3 2 x = 3 2 9.1. 3 + + =
(1 5 )(1+ 5 ) 1 5 5 +1
Resposta: (C) (1+ 5 ) (1 5 )
3 12 ( 5 ) + 1 + 5 + 5 (1 5 )
2
a3b a3 b 6 a2 3 a 3 a
4. = 3 = = =
b a b3 a b2 b 3b = =
1 ( 5)
2
2
1 3
b 3 b 3 a 2 3 ba 2
= = = ; a , b +
3
a 3
a 3 a 3 a2 a 3 ( 4 ) + 1 + 5 + 5 5
= =
3
b 1 5
Resposta: (D) 4 3 + 2 5 4
= =
( ) =( ) =( 4
4
)
4 4
3
24 3 9 3
8 3 6 32 3
83 3 3 3
5. 3 3 3
= = 3
5
+1
3 3 3 2
(2 ) = ( 3)
4 4
3
333 3 3
24 3 81 3
8 3 3 27 3 2 3 3 33 3
( 3) = = =
3
= = 3
=3 9.2.
3
3 3
3 2 3 9 32 3
8 9 25
6
23 32 6 215
Resposta: (C) 3 3 3 3 3 3
= = = =
(1 3 )
2
6. =1 2 3 + 3 = 4 2 3
6
2 2 3
3 15 2 6
2 3
18 2 6
2 6 32
18
3 3 1 1
x 2 2 3 = 4 x 2 = 4 + 2 3 (no soluo) = = =
2 3 3
3
23 8
x 2 + 4 3 = 7 x 2 = 7 4 3 (no soluo)
1 A3 B3 = ( A B ) ( A2 + AB + B 2 )
x 2 2 3x + 2 = 0 9.3. =
3
2 1
4 2 3 2 3 1 3 + 2 = 0 ( ) A = 3 2 e B =1
( )
2
3
2 + 3 2 +1
42 32 3+6+2=0 = =
( 2)
3
3
13
12 4 3 = 0 (falso)
x + 2 3x + 2 = 0
2
= 3 4 + 3 2 +1
4 2 3 + 2 3 1 3 + 2 ( ) 10. 2x 5x2 5 = 0
4
y = x2
2y2 5y 5 = 0
42 3+2 36+2=0
0 = 0 (verdadeiro) 5 5 + 40
y=
Resposta: (D) 4
7. r = 5 2r = 10 5 95
y=
l 2 + l 2 = 102 4
2l 2 = 100 5 3 5
y=
l >0 4
l 2 = 50
5
l = 50 y= 5 y=
2
l = 25 2 l = 5 2
Para y = x2:
Resposta: (A) 5
8. Pelo Teorema de Pitgoras: x2 = 5 x2 = (equao impossvel)
2
2 2
a a x= 5x= 5
MN = + =
2 2
x = 4 5 x = 4 5
= 2
a2
4
=
a2
2
= {
S = 4 5 , 4 5 }
n 2 4 6 5 6 5
a2 ab a a
= =
a 2
=
2
a (a > 0) 11. = n a 2b4 = 6 a 3 6 b4
2 2 2 2 a 3 b2 a a
6
2 a 8b 4 a 8b 4
a a2 5 2 n a 2b 4 = n a 2b 4 = 6
AM = AN = a 2 + = a 2 + = a = a a6
2 4 4
n a 2b4 = 6 a 2b 4
5 2 5
= a = a, a > 0 Logo, n = 6
4 2
2.1. Radicais
( 5) 7 4 3 = ( a b)
2 2
12.1. ( x 2 ) + x 2 =
2
15. ab = 2 3
( 3) ( 3)
2 2
x2 4x + 4 + x2 5 = 0 7 4 3 = 22 4 3 + = 22 + =7
2x2 4x 1 = 0
( )
2
= 2 3
4 16 + 8 4 24
x= x=
4 4
(2 3)
2
74 3 = = 2 3 (2 3>0 )
4 16 + 8 4 24
x= x=
4 4 De igual modo:
(2 + 3)
2
2 6 7+4 3 = =2+ 3
x=
2
2+ 6 74 3 + 7+4 3 = 2 3+2+ 3 = 4
Como x > 0, temos x = .
2 16. AB = 6 cm
2+ 6
2
2+ 6 4
2 AC = BC = 9 cm
12.2. Aquadrado = ( x 2 )
2
= 2 = = Seja M o ponto mdio de [AB].
2 2 2 2 2
2 AC = AM + MC
6 2 6 4 6 + 4 10 4 6 5 2
= = = = 6 9 2 = 32 + MC
2 4 4 2
MC = 81 27
5
A rea do quadrado 6 cm2. MC = 54 ( MC > 0)
2
MC = 3 6
13. Seja a a aresta do cubo.
2 MO = MC r
EB = a 2 + a 2
2 2 2 MO = 3 6 r
EC = EB + BC 2 2
2 AM + MO = r 2
EC = a 2 + a 2 + a 2 EC = 3a 2
( )
2
9+ 3 6 r = r 2 9 + 54 6 6r + r 2 = r 2
EC = 3a ( EC > 0 e a > 0)
63 21
Como EC = 12 , temos: 6 6r = 63 r = r=
6 6 2 6
12 12
3a = 12 a = a= a=2 21 6 21 6 7
3 3 r= r= r= 6
2 6 6 12 4
Vcubo = 23 = 8
7 6
1 8 8 16 O raio da circunferncia circunscrita ao tringulo cm.
Vpirmide = 2 2 2 = , logo V = 8 = 4
3 3 3 3
17. Como AE = DC = 3 e ED // AC, ento [ACDE] um trapzio
O volume da parte do cubo no ocupada pela pirmide
16 3 issceles.
cm .
3
14. 2 x 6 3 x3 3 = 0
Para x = 6 3 :
( 3) ( 3)
6 3
2 6
3 6
3=0
2 3 3 6 33 3 = 0
6 3 3 3 3= 0
633= 0 0 = 0
3
Para x = 6 :
4 = AED
= 120
6 3
Logo, EDC
3 3 Seja M [ AD ] tal que DM AC e MDC
= 30
2 6 3 6 3 = 0
4 4 Seja h a altura do trapzio.
3
3 3 DM 3 3 3
2 + 3 6 3 = 0 = cos30 h = 3 h=
4 4 DC 2 3
3 3 MC 1 3
+ 3 3= 0 = sin 30 x = 3 x =
2 4 DC 2 2
3

3
+ 3
3
3= 0 AC = ED + 2 x = 6 + 2 = 9
2 2 2
= 90 , ou seja, o
Se BAC = 30 e ACB = 60 , ento CBA
3 3
+ 3= 0 0= 0
2 2 tringulo [ABC] retngulo em B.
2.1. Radicais
BC BC 1 9 4 3
= sin 30 = BC = 18.2. V =
AC 9 2 2 3
AB 3 9 3 3
= cos 30 AB = 9 AB = Como r = a:
AC 2 2 2
3 2
A = Atrapzio + Atringulo = 4 3 4 3 3
V = a V = a3
9 9 3 3 2 3 2 2

6+9 3 3 2 2 =
= + 4 3 3 3
2 2 2 V = a
3 4 2
45 3 81 3 90 3 + 81 3 171 3
= + = = 3 3
4 8 8 8 V = a
2
171 3
A rea do pentgono [ABCDE] cm2. 2V = 3a 3
8
2V
18.1. Sendo 2r a diagonal espacial do cubo: a3 =
3
d 2 = a2 + a2
2V 3
( 2r ) = d 2 + a 2
2
a= 3
3 3
( 2r ) = a 2 + a 2 + a 2
2
2 3V
4r 2 = 3a 2 a= 3
3
3
r 2 = a2
4
3 2
r= a
4
3
r= a ,a>0
2
2.2. Potncias de expoente racional
5
2.2. Potncias de expoente racional 5 9 3
1 1 3
= a 9 = a 12 = a 4 , a > 0
12
5.3. 3 5.4.
3 3
Pg. 98 3 1
3
Atividade inicial 2 a a 6 a 2
5.5. 6 = = , a > 0
1
1 1
3
3
5 5 5
1.1. Se x = 8 3 , temos x 3 = 8 3 = 8 3 = 81 = 8 . 1
1 1 1
6.1. = = 1 =3 2
1 3 3
32
Se x 3 = 8 , ento x = 3 8 . Logo, 8 3 = 3 8 .
1
4 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
4 6.2. 6 =6 = = = 1 =9 3
1.2. Se x = 2 , vem x = 2 4 = 2 4 = 21 = 2 .
4 4
81 81 6 34 3 32
93
5
1 1 1 1
Portanto, se x = 2 , ento x = 2 . Logo, 2 = 2 .

4 4 4 4 6.3. 6 = = 5 =3 6
243 6 35
36
Pg. 99
1 Pg. 102
1
1 1 1 2 2 1
1.1. 25 = 25 = 5
2
1.2. = =
9 9 3 7.1. 2 : 2 = 3 22 : 4 2 = 12 28 : 12 23 =
3 4
5
1
1
4
0,5
4 2 4 2 = 12 28 : 23 = 12 283 = 12 25 = 212
1.3. 27 = 27 = 3 = 3
3 3 3 3
1.4. = = = p
9 9 9 3 m
q nq nq
1
7.2. a n : a q = n am : a p = a mq : a np =
mq np
1.5. 0,01 = 0,01 = 0,1
2
a mq np = a
nq nq
= a mq a np = nq
=
1 1 1
mq np m p
2.1. 7 = 7
5 5
2.2. 0,01 = 0,01 3 3
2.3. 3 20
= 20
3
=a nq nq
=a n q
,a>0
1
1
a a 5
2.4. a = 6 a, a >0
6
2.5. = 5 , a 0
8 8 Pg. 103
1 2 2
1 1
1 1 3
8.1. 8 4 = 3 82 3 4 2 = 3 82 4 2 =
3 3
3.1. 2 = 22 3.2. 6
5 = 56 3.3. 3 =
3 3 2 2
(8 4) = ( 8 4 ) 3 = 32 3
2
1 = 3
1
2 2 5
3.4. 4
a = a4 , a 0 3.5. 5 = m m
3 3 8.2. a n b n = n a m n b m = n a m bm =
m
(a b) = ( a b) n , a > 0 e b > 0
m
= n
Pg. 100 2
2
3 5
( a) ( a)
2 2
4.1. 27 = 27 =
3 3 2 3
(3 ) 3 2
= 3
(3 ) 2 3
=3 =9 2
9.1. a2 =
3 5
= 5 3
= 5
(a ) 3 2
=

5
4.2. 64 = 6 645 =
6 6
(2 ) 6 5
= 6
(2 ) 5 6
= 25 = 32
= 10 a 6 = a 10 = a 5
6 3
5 3
4.3. 8 3 = 3 85 = 3
(2 ) 3 5
= 3
(2 ) 5 3
= 25 = 32
9.2. (2 )
3
0,5 4 1 4
= 22 = ( 2)
3
4
= 4
( 2)
3
=
3
4 3 2
1 1 1
2
3
1 1 12 6

= = = = = 3
4.4.
16 16 2 2 2 = 4
23 = 8 23 = 2 8
6
1 1
= = Pg. 104
2 64 1 1 5
3
4
2 2 3
2
2 2
2 2
( 8a ) (2 a )
4 3
3 4
= 3 ( 2a ) = 3 ( 2a ) =
3 4
4.5. 3 3
= 3 3
10.1. = = =1
1 5 5
(2 ) 5 2
2 2
2 2
= ( 2a ) = 16a 4 , a 0
4
2 3 2 3

2 53 4 2
4 53 4 2
5 2 4 =
4.6. 1000 = 3 3
(10 ) 3 2
= 3
(10 ) 2 3
= 102 = 100 10.2.

1 1
5 2 =

1
1
3
5 4 3 2
5 3
4 2
4.7. 64 1,5
= (2 6 2
) = (10 ) 2 3
= (2 ) 9 2
= 2 = 512
9 2 1
+
3 1

=5 4 3 3
5 2 4 = 2 2
4 2
= 51 42 5 2 4 =
4.8. 320,4 = 32 = 32 = 10 5 5
(2 )5 2
= 5
(2 ) 2 5
=4
1 1
= 5 2 5 4 =
4 2
Pg. 101 5 5
5 4 2 = =
16 16
5.1. 8
25 = 2 8
5.2. 10
24 = 2 = 2 10 5
=0
1
3 4 3 16 3 16
100 2 + 0,10 100 + 1 10 + 1 11 Alateral = 4 a h = 4 = =
10.3. = = = =1 9 5 45 15
113 ( 3 22 1) 113 114 113 + 4 11
4
16 2
2 2 2
A rea da superfcie lateral do prisma m.
11. AB + AE = BE AB = AE 15
4
22 13.2. Seja r o raio da esfera.
( 2) 2
2 2 2 2
2 AB = 4
AB = AB =
2 2 4 3 2 3
2r = a 2 r = r=
2 5 5
AB a rea do quadrado [ABDE].
2 1 2 3
rea de [ABCE] = + = h 9 5 3 5
2 2 2 = = =
r 2 3 9 2 3 18
3 2 2 2
= =3 =3 = 5
2 2 4 16
1
14. a = AF = 24
= 3 3 = 3 ( 2 3 ) 2 =
1 1
=3 b = CD = 9
8 2 3 3
2
2 2
2
( ) ( )
3 2

= 3 2 2 C = 24 3
+9 = 3 3
24 + 9 =
3 2

3
A rea do quadriltero 3 2 2 cm2. 3 3
2

2

2

2 2
= 3 24 + 3 ( 32 ) =

( 3
23 3 + 3 33 3 ) 2
=
12. AC = AB + BC 1
3 3
(2 ) ( ) = (5 3 ) = 53 ( 3 )
2 2 3 2
4
32 = 2 AB = 2 3 3 + 33 3 2 3 2 3
=

4 4 322 1 1 1 1
= ( 53 3) 2 = ( 5 52 3) 2 = ( 52 ) 2 15 2 =
2
AB =
2
2 1
AB = 2 32 = 5 15 2
AB = 2 32
Pg. 107
AB = 4 32
Atividades complementares
AB = 4 22 25 AB = 4 24 23 1 1
AB = 2 4 8 15.1. 8 3 = ( 23 ) 3 = 21 = 2
Altura do tringulo, h: 0,5
1
0,5
1 2 1 1
1
( 8 ) = (2 8 ) = = =
2 2
h +
2 4 4
h =4 8 8
2 4 2 4 2 15.2.
25 5 5 5
h2 = 3 8 h = 9 8 h = 4 72 1 1 1
3
64 3 4 3 4
3
3 4
2 8 72 4 4 15.3. = 3 = =
A[ AED] = = 27 3 3 3
2
15.4. 10 0000,25 = (104 )
0,25
= 101 = 10
= 4 8 72 = 4 23 2 36 =
1
= 4 24 6 2 = 2 2 6 = 15.5. 1, 44 2 = 1, 44 = 1, 2
1
0,2 50,2
= 2 6 = 2 62 1
0,2
1
0,2
1 5 1 1 1
1
15.6. = 5 = = = =
1
32 2 2 2 2 2
A rea do tringulo 2 6 cm2. 2
1 1
15.7. 64 6 = ( 26 ) 6 = 2
0,25
Pg. 105 1
0,25
1
0,25
1 4 1
40,25
1
15.8. = 4 = = =
3 81 3 3 3 3
13.1. Altura do prisma: h = m
9 1
Abase = 1,92 m2 16.1. 5 2 = 5

3
Aresta da base: a 3
1 2 1 1
192 192 2 16.2. = =
a = 1,92 = = 96 2 2 2 8
100 48 2 1
24 2 1
26 3
1 1 2 1
=
192
= =
12 2 16.3. x 2
= 1
= = , x +
100 10 6 2 x x
3 3 x2
23 3 8 3 1 1
= = 3 2 3 3
10 10 16.4. 2 = 2 = 4 = 6

2 2 2
4 3
=
5
1 1 1 1 1 5
+
22 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 2 1 6
= = = =
5 5
16.5.
4 4 42 16 8 2 2 2 2 1 6 1 6
23.4. 5 5
= 5
= 5 = : 2 =
( 4 : 2)6 26 2 4
5 5 1
2
a2 a2 a2 a a 46 : 26
16.6. 2
= = = = , a +
2a 2 2 2 4
1 1 Pg. 108
17.1. 3
7 = 73 17.2. 4
20 = 20 4 1 1 1
1 1 24.1. 9 3 = 27 = 33 = 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 5 2 2 8
17.3. 5 = 17.4. 8 = ,a>0 1 1
2 2

1 1 2
7 7 a a 24.2. 20 5 : 4 5 = ( 20 : 4 ) 5 = 5 5 = 5 52 = 5 25
1
17.5. 0,1 = 0,10,5 17.6. 20
ab = ( ab ) 20 , ab > 0 2 4 2 4

: 32 = 62 : 32 = ( 6 : 3) =
2
2 2 24.3. 6 3
6 3
: 32 = 6 3 3
18.1. 1000 = (10 3

)
3 3
= 10 = 100 2
1
= 2 2 =
18.2. 320,4 = ( 2 )
5 0,4
= 22 = 4 4
1

4 4 4
1 1 7
18.3. 8 = ( 2 )
3 2
3 3 3
=2 3
= 2 = 16 4
24.4. 9 3 :3 6 :3 6
=
2 2 2

18.4. 64 = ( 26 ) 3 = 2
6
3 3
= 2 4 = 16
1

1

7
=9 6
:3 6 :3 6
=
18.5. 91,5 = ( 32 )
1,5
= 321,5 = 33 = 27 1
7
= ( 9 : 3)

6 :3 6
=
5 5
18.6. 16 = ( 2 ) 1 7 1 7
4 4 4
= 2 = 32 5 +
= 3 :3 6 6
=3 6 6
=
3 6
19.1. 2 = 4 23 = 4 8
4
=3 =3 6
2 1 1 1 6 5
2
19.2. 4 = 3 42 = 3 16
3
3 32
3
33 33 3
3 3
2 5
24.5. 1
= 5
= 5
= 5
=1
(3 ) 5 3
20.1. 3
22 = 2 3 20.2. 4
35 = 3 4 3 3
3 3
3 3
20 3 3
3
20.3. 5
a 20 = a 5 = a 4 27 2
27 3 : 27 2 27 2
: 27 2
1
24.6. = 1
=
20.4. 3
2 2= 3
8 = 6 8 = 6 23 = 2 = 2 2 27 1 27

2
1 9 5
3 +2 5 1
13 1 1 5 5 15 27 2
27 2 +
20.5. 5 5= 5 3
5 = 15 5 = 15 = = 1
= 1
= 27 2 2
=
2 2 8 8 18
2

2
27 27
1
4
20.6. 3 = 2 2 2
3 = 3=3 8 8 1
= 27 2
= 27 2 = =
1 3 27 2
21.1. 5 = 52 21.2. 53 = 5 2 1
4
=
729
21.3. 3
625 = 3 25 25 = 3 54 = 5 3
1
3 5 1000 3 + 0,010
21.4. 5 = 5 =5
3 4 3 4
21.5. 3 4
5 = 5 =5
5 12 5 12 24.7. 1 1
=
11 3 2 ( 2 1)

3 2 3 3
1
21.6. 3
5 = 322 5 = 512 1
1 1 1
1
2
=
(10 ) 3 3
+1
=
101 + 1
=
= 2 = ( 5 2 ) 3 = 5
3
3
22.1. 3

1 1
1 1
25 5 11 3 (18 7 ) 3 11 3 113
1
1 1 1 2
1 11 11
22.2. = = =5 2 = = =
1 1 1 110
5 2 5 +
5 3 3
1 5
= 11
= (105 ) 3 = 10 3
1
22.3. 3
5 3 2
10
a3 : 3 a2 a2 : a3
1 1
3 24.8. 2
= 2 1
=
22.4. = 3
=5 4
a3 : a a3 : a2
4 3
5 5 4
3 2
3 2 2 1
2 1 2 1 7 a2 3 +
23.1. 5 5 = 5
3 2
+
3 2
=5 6 = 2 1
= a2 3 3 2
=

3 2
3 1 3 1
11 a

23.2. 10 5 :10 2
= 10 5 2
= 1010 4 4
2
4 2
1 3 13 1 3 13 13 13 = a2 3
=a 3
= a3 =
+
23.3. 2 2 : 2 = 2
3 4 12 3 4
: 2 = 2 : 2 =1
12 12 12
= 3 a2 , a > 0
3 1
1 3 9 8 1 1
25.1. 8 2 = ( 23 ) 2 = 2 2 = 2 2 2 = 24 2 2 = 16 2
+
2
( )
3
26.4. 2 2 2 : 8
2 =

1 1
( ( 2) ) = ( 2 )
1 4 1 1
1+
25.2.
4 3 4 3
= 23 = 2 3
= 2 23 = 2 3 2 3 2
= 2 8 : 28 =

1
1
2
1 1
1
2 4 2 8 3 8 3 12
25.3. = = = = 3 2
3 3 2 2 = 2 4 8 : 28 =

3
2 3
2 3 22 3
3 2 2 3 12 1
= = = = 2 3
3
2 3 2 3 22 2 2 = 2 2 :2 =
4 3 8
1

1
3
1 1 1
8 2 8 3 6 3 63
3 2
25.4.
6
= = = 6 = 6 = = 27 : 2 8 =
3 3 8 8 8

1 1 1
6
3 6
3 6 3 2 6 3 6 23 7 3 2 73 2 4 2
= = = = = = 28 : 28 = 28 8 = 28 =
6
23 2 2 2 2

6
3 23 6 24 1
= = = 24 = 4 2
2 2
1 1 2

32 3 26.5. a 3 : 6 a =
a 1
a
1 5 1
=
a2
=

=

=
25.5. a 2 6
a 3
1
2
1 5
1 2
(a ) a6
5 6
= a 3 : 12 a =

a
3 2 3
1 1 a a2
= = = = ,a>0 1 2
1
= ( a 1 ) 2 a 3 : a 12 =
1 3
3 a 3 a a
3 2 a
a
4

16 1 2
1
a 4
4 3 7 1 1 = a 2 a 3 : a 12 =
25.6. 1 = 1 = a 6 6 = a 6 = a 6 = a a 2 = a 6 a , a > 0
a6 + 1+

1 2 1
a 2 a 2 +
2 2 2
=a 2 3
: a 12 =
12 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
3 + 2 2 5 32 + 2 32 2 2 + 2 2 5 = a 6 : a 12 = a 6

12
=
26.1. = = 1
3 2 32 2 =a 12
= 12 a , a > 0
1
27. Seja EF = a .
31 + 2 6 + 2 5 2
= 6
= 27.1. a 2 + a 2 = d 2
18
2a 2 = d 2
2 6 2 4 62 d2
= 4
= 4 = a2 =
18 18 2
36
= 24 = 24 2 d2
18 a=
2
1 1
1

1 3
1 1 1

1 3
( 3 5) 5 52 ( 32 ) 2 5 2 51 52
2 2
a=d
1 1 2
a = d
26.2. = = 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
( 2 5) : 4 (2 ) 5 : (2 )
1
2 2 4 2 2 2 2 4
a = d 2 2
,a>0ed>0
1 1

3 3
A medida da aresta da base do prisma d 2 2
.
3 5 52 1
3 5 52 3 5 5 2 5 27.2. AE = d
= 1
= = = = 2
2 5: 2 2 5: 2 5
1
2 5 : 22 2 Vprisma = Abase altura = a 2 d = d 2 2 d =
2

5 2
= = 2 1
2
d3
5 = d 2 2 2 d = d 3 2 1 =
1 1 2
1 1
4 1 1 2 12 4
4 2 4
Vprisma = 27
= 2 3 =
2
26.3. 1 = 2 3 = 2 3

d3
23 = 27 d 3 = 54
2
1
Sabemos que 2a 2 = d 2 .
= 212 = 12 2
( )
3 2 2
= (103 )
d = 2a 2 = 2a e d 3 = 2a 1
g: 1000 3 3 = 10 2 = (Proposio verdadeira)
100
( 2) a
3
d3 = 3
d 3 = 2 2a 3 1
h: 3
a 3 = 6 a 3 = a = a 2 (Proposio verdadeira)
d 3 = 54 2 2a 3 = 54 1
1 1 6 2 3
54 27 2 i: a3 = 3 a3 = a = a = a3
a = 3
a = 3
a a
2 2 2 2
(Proposio verdadeira)
27 2 27 2 1
a = a=3 a, b , ( a 4 b8 ) 4 = ab 2
3
30.
2 2
2 2 Por exemplo, se a = 2 e b = 1:
a = 3 33 a = 33 1
( ) = (2 )
1 1
2
1
4
(a b )
4 8 4
= ( 2 ) 18
4 4 4 4
= 2 e ab 2 = 2 12 = 2
1 1 6 1 1 1
a = 36 a = 3 23 3 4 + 2 3 4 ( 23 + 2 ) 34 25 14 12
2 2 31.1. = = 3 =
1
1 5 3 5
5 3 2
a = 3 2 6
1 4 3
( 3)
1 1 1 3 5
A medida da aresta da base do prisma 3 2

6
. = 5 3 4
= 5 4
= 5 4
= 5 = 4 27
3 4
3 4 33 3
1 1
2+ 3 5
a = 22,5 = 2 = 22 2 2 = 4 2
(2 ) ( 23 ) 3
3 5
4 4
2
28.
16 4
83 1
1
31.2. : 3
2= : 23 =
b = 80,5 = ( 2 3 2
) = 22 2 = 2 2
1
2

1
2
2 2
1
c = 3 22 = 3 2 2 3 2 5 1
22 1
= 1
: 23 = 1
: 23 =

a+b+c 4 2 +2 2 +3 2 9 2 2
2 2
s= = = 2
2 2 2 2+
1 1 1 1
2+ 2+
1
=2 2
:2 = 2 3 2 3
=2 6
=
9 9 9 9
A= 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 = 1
2 2 2 2 = 22 2 = 4 6 2 6
9 1 5 3 18 50 + 12 75
= 2 2 2 2= 31.3. 3 3
=
2 2 2 2 2 2 + 32
9 1 5 3
( 2)
4
= = 9 2 25 2 + 4 3 25 3
2 2 2 2 = =
23 + 33
9 15
= 22 = 3 2 5 2 + 2 3 5 3 2 2 3 2
4 4 = = =
2 2 2 + 32 3 2 2 +3 2
3 15 3
=
2

2
2 =
2
15
=
(
2 2 +3 2 ) = 1
3 2 2 +3 2
A rea do tringulo [ABC] 15 cm2.
2 32. Seja a a aresta do cubo.
Ab = a 2 ; V = a 3 a = 3 V
Pg. 109 2
( V)
2
2 Ento, Ab = a 2 = 3
= 3 V2 =V 3 .
1
29. a: 2,3 = 2,31 = 2,3 (Proposio verdadeira)
2
2
Ab = V 3
1
0,5
9 49 2 49 7 33. Seja a a aresta do cubo.
b: = = = (Proposio falsa)
49 9 9 3 a
a = 2r r =
1 1 1 1
+
1 2
1 6 1 3 1 6 3 1 2 1
c: = = = V
33.1. V = a 3 V = ( 2r ) V = 8r 3 r 3 =
3
2 2 2
2 2
8
(Proposio verdadeira) 1
1 1 1 1 V V 3
1 1 1 1 1
3 6 2 2 r = 3 r =
d: : = : = 1 (Proposio falsa) 8 8
2 2 2 2 2 3
4 3 4 a 4 a3 4 1
1
1
1 33.2. Vesfera = r = = = V = V
50 2
50 2 3 3 2 3 8 3 8 6
e: 1
4 2 = 4 = 25 2 = 5 2 = 10
2 2 34. Sejam r = 4 cm e h = 2 cm.
2
1 1
(Proposio verdadeira) A = 4 ( 42 + 22 ) 2 = 4 ( 20 ) 2 = 4 20 = 4 4 5 =
1 1
1 3 1 3
1
= 4 2 5 = 8 5
f: = = 2 3 (Proposio verdadeira)
4 2 A rea da superfcie do cone 8 5 cm2.
2
Pg. 110 1 1
1 2
10. an an = an = an
Avaliao 2
2
1 1
1 2
2
1. 5 3 5 3 = 5 3 = 5 3 = 3 52 1 1
1 2 1
a 2n a 2n = a 2n = a 2n = a n
1 1 1 1 3

5 6 : 53 = 56 3
=5 10
Resposta: (B)
6 6 6
2 5 2 5 2 5 5 1 1
1
= = = 26 = 26 2 = 23 Pg. 111
2 5 6
5 3 53 5 5
5 1 1 2 1 2 1 2
2
2 3 :6
2 2 3 ( 2 3) 2 :6 3
6 :62 3
1 31 1 1 1 1
11.1. = = =
10 : 2 2 = 10 3 : 2 3 = (10 : 2 ) 3 = 5 3 = 3 5
3 3 3 3
1 1 5 1 1
+ 5 56 5
6 6 2 3
6 2 3
6
Resposta: (D)
1 1 1 2

1 3 1 3 1 2 1 2
62 3
2. A B = 4 + 82 4 82 = = 1
= 62 3 2
=6 3
=
6 2
1
3 3
1
1
3 1 1 6 6
= 4 + 8 2 4 8 2 = = 2
= = =
3
6 2 3
6 2 3
6 6
6 3
1 1
2
1
2 3
2 3 1
2
2 3 1
= =
1
= 42 8 2 = (16 8 ) 3 = 11.2.
2 32 2 2 32 4

3 1 1 27
1 1 = 2 = 3 32 =
= 8 3 = ( 23 ) 3 = 2 3 4 4 4
( ) : ( a 1)
2 1
( a 1)
2
Resposta: (B) 11.3. 2n n =
1
1 1 1
1
( )
1 1
(2 2 ) ( ) = ( 2)
2 2 1 1
a 1 : ( a 1) n = n ( a 1) : ( a 1) n =
2
3. 2
: 22 = 2 2 : 2 2 2
= 22 = 24 = n
2 1 1
= ( a 1) n = ( a 1) n = n a 1, a 1 > 0 e n

n
Resposta: (C)
2

1 3 1 12. EH = 4 32
( 5 xy ) ( 25 x y ) x =
2 2 3 2
4. 2
2 2 2
DE + DH = EH
1 1
Como DE = DH :
= ( 5 xy ) 3 ( 25 x 2 y 2 ) 3 x = 4
322
( ) 32
2 2 2 2
1 2 DE = 4
32 DE = DE =
= ( 5 xy 25 x 2 y 2 3
) x= 2 3
2 32 2
DE = DE = 8
1
= ( 53 x 3 y )
3 3
x= 4
= 5 xy x = 5 x 2 y DE = 8 DE = 4 8
( ) ( EH ) = ( 2 8 ) ( )
2 2 2 2
Resposta: (A) Acolorida = 2 DE 4 4
32 =
1
5. 2 2 n + 2 2 n = 2 2 2 n = 2 2 n +1 = ( 2 )
2 n +1 2
=
= 4 4 82 4 322 = 4 8 32 =
1 1
( 2 n +1) n+
= 4 4 2 16 2 = 8 2 4 2 =
=2 =2 2 2
Resposta: (B) =4 2
6. 2 4 = 2 (2 n 2 n
) = 2 2 = 2 1 2n 2 n +1 ou
DE DE
Resposta: (C) Acolorida = 4 = 2 4 8 4 8 =
2
7. Se a , ento a > 0 e a < 0.
= 2 4 82 = 2 8 = 4 2
( a ) < 0 e ( 2a ) < 0 . Logo, ( a ) ( 2a ) > 0 .
3 5 3 5
1
a a 13. AG = 3 4
1 1 1 1
> 0 e ( a ) < 0 . Logo, ( a ) < 0 .
3 3
Seja a aresta do cubo.
2 2
AG = a 2 + a 2 + a 2
Resposta: (B) 1
1 1 1 1
+ 34
8. 1 = 1 . Logo, x : x = x
2 2 3a = 3 3a = 3 a =
2
4 4
3
Resposta: (A) 1
1 1 1
1 1 34
9. x =3 x= 3 x=
3 2
3
2 3
3 x= 3 6 d = 1
a = 34 2
a=3 4
32
Resposta: (C)
3
1
3
1 1 1 4 3 4
3 15.
V = a3 = 3 4 = 3 4 = 3 = = =

4 3
3 4 3 4
3 3 3
34
4
3
A medida do volume do cubo .
3
14. AD = a
2 2 2
14.1. HD + AD = HA
( )
2 2
HD + a 2 = 5a
2
HD = 5a 2 a 2
HD = 4a 2 ( HD > 0 e a > 0) 2
SU + ( 4,5 2 ) = ( 4,5 + 2 )
2 2
HD = 2a 2
Altura do prisma: 2a SU = 6.52 2,52
V = Aba se altura SU = 42, 25 6, 25
= a 2 2a = 2a 3 SU = 6
A medida do volume do prisma 2a 3 .
14.2. Considerando [ACD] para base, temos:
1 AD DC
Vpirmide = HD =
3 2
1 aa
= 2a =
3 2
1
= a3
3
1 3
A medida do volume da pirmide a .
3
14.3. AC = a 2 + a 2 = 2a 2 = 2a
Aplicando o Teorema de Pitgoras:
AH = HC = 5a 2
ST = ( 4,5 + x ) ( 4,5 x ) =
2 2
Seja h a altura do tringulo.

= ( 4,5 ) + 9 x + x 2 ( 4,5 ) + 9 x x 2 =
2 2 2
2
( )
2
h 2 + a = 5a
2 = 18 x
1 ST = 18 x
h 2 = 5a 2 a 2 2
TU = ( 2 + x ) ( 2 x ) =
2 2
2
9 2 3 = 4 + 4x + x2 4 + 4 x x2 =
h2 = a h= a
2 2 = 8x
3 TU = 8 x
2a a
AC h 2 = 3 a2
A[ ACH ] = = Sabemos que SU = 6 e SU = ST + TU
2 2 2
Logo:
3 2
A medida da rea do tringulo [ACH] a . ST + TU = 6
2
14.4. Se a base da pirmide [ACH] e a altura x, ento o seu 18 x + 8 x = 6
volume : 9 2x + 4 2x = 6
1 3 2x + 2 2x = 6
V = A[ ACH ] x
3 6
5 2x = 6 2x =
1 3 5
= a2 x
3 2 Como x > 0:
1 36 18
= a2 x 2x = x= x = 0,72
2 25 25
1 O raio da circunferncia de centro R igual a 0,72 cm.
Sabemos que V = a 3 .
3
1 2 1 3 2a 3
a x = a 3a 2 x = 2a 3 x = 2
2 3 3a
2
x= a
3
2
A altura da pirmide relativa base [ACH] a
3
2.3. Operaes com polinmios
1
A ( x ) C ( x ) = x 2 + x 1 ( 6 x 2 12 ) =
2.3. Operaes com polinmios 2
2.3.
2 3
Pg. 112 = 3 x 4 6 x 2 + 4 x 3 8 x 6 x 2 + 12 =
Atividade inicial 3 = 3x 4 + 4 x 3 12 x 2 8 x + 12
1.1. Monmios constantes: C ( x ) = 1 e D ( x ) = 0 3.1. A(x) de grau 5 e B(x) de grau 3.
1.2. D ( x) = 0 3.2. O grau de A(x) B(x) 8 = 5 + 3.
1 2 3.3. A ( x ) B ( x ) = ( x 5 x 2 )( x 3 2 x + 1) =
1.3. Monmios na forma cannica: A ( x ) = x , C ( x ) = 1 e
2 = x8 2 x 6 + x5 x5 + 2 x 3 x 2 =
D ( x) = 0 = x8 2 x 6 + 2 x 3 x 2
1 3 1
1.4. B ( x) = x ( 3) x = x 2 = x 2 = E ( x )
6 6 2 Pg. 116
B ( x ) e E ( x ) so monmios iguais. 4.1. a)
1 1 5x3 x2
1.5. Os monmios A ( x ) = x 2 e E ( x ) = x 2 so semelhantes 0 5x
2 2
Q ( x ) = 5x ; R ( x ) = 0
mas no iguais.
2. b)
Parte 2x3 + 0x2 + 3x + 0 x
Forma numrica Parte 2x3 2x2 + 3
Monmio Grau 3x
cannica ou literal
3x
coeficiente
0
1 2 1
A(x) x x2 2 Q ( x ) = 2x2 + 3 ; R ( x ) = 0
2 2
1 2 1 c)
B(x) x x2 2
2 2 2x 3 x5
C(x) 1 1 No tem 0 2x + 10 2
7
D(x) 0 0 No tem Indeterminado
1 2 1 Q ( x) = 2 ; R ( x) = 7
E(x) x x2 2
2 2 d)
1 1 x2 + 2x x+1
3. A ( x ) + B ( x ) = x 2 x 2 = 0. A(x) + B(x) o monmio nulo. x2 + x x3
2 2
3x
3x + 3
Pg. 113 3
x2 1 1 1 Q ( x) = x 3 ; R ( x) = 3
1.1. 2x2 + 3 + x + x4 = x4 + 2 + x2 x + 3 =
2 2 2 2
e)
5 1 3x3 2x2 + x 1 x2 + x + 1
= x4 + x2 x + 3
2 2 3x3 3x2 3x 3x 5
Grau: 4, termos nulos: 0x3 ; termo independente: 3 5x2 2x 1
+ 5x2 + 5x + 5
2x2 2 2x2 2
1.2. + x3 x 2 = + x 3 x 2 = x3 1 3x + 4
2 2 2
Q ( x ) = 3 x 5 ; R ( x ) = 3x + 4
Grau: 3, termos nulos: 0x2 e 0x ; termo independente: 1
f)
2x 4 0x 3 3x 2 + 0x + 5 3x2 2 x + 1
Pg. 114
4 3 2 2 2 2 4 25
1 2 2 1 1 2 x 4 + x x x + x
2. A( x) = x + x 1 ; B ( x ) = 3 x3 x 2 + x + 3 ; 3 3 3 9 27
2 3 2 3 4 3 11 2
x x + 0x + 5
C ( x ) = 6 x 2 12 3 3
4 8 2 4
x3 + x x + 5
1 2 1 1
2.1. A ( x ) + B ( x ) = x 2 + x 1 + 3 x 3 x 2 + x + 3 = 3 9 9
2 3 2 3
25 2
x
4
x + 5
9 9
1 1 2 1
= 3 x3 + x 2 x 2 + x + x 1 + 3 = 3 x 3 + x + 2 25 2 50 25
2 2 3 3 + x x +
9 27 27
1 2 2 3 1 2 1
A ( x ) B ( x ) = x + x 1 3 x x + x + 3 =
62 160
2.2. x +
2 3 2 3 27 27
2 2 4 25 62 160
1 2 2 1 1
= x + x 1 3 x 3 + x 2 x 3 = 3 x3 + x 2 + x 4
1 Q ( x) = x + x ; R ( x) = x +
2 3 2 3 3 3 9 27 27 27
4.2. 6.2. A ( x ) = 7 x 3 + 2 x 2 5 x + 10 ; B ( x ) = x + 2
2
A (x) x +1 7 2 5 10
1 x1 2 14 24 38
A ( x ) = ( x 2 + 1) ( x 1) + 1 A ( x ) = x3 x 2 + x 1 + 1 7 12 19 28
A ( 2 ) = 7 ( 2 ) + 2 ( 2 ) 5 ( 2 ) + 10 = 28
3 2
A( x) = x x + x
3 2
4.3. Seja H (x) a expresso para a altura do tringulo. Q ( x ) = 7 x 2 12 x + 19 ; R ( x ) = 28 ; A ( 2 ) = 28

( 5 x + 3) H ( x ) = 10 x 2 + 6 x 6.3. A ( x ) = 6 x3 + 2 x 3 ; B ( x ) = x 5
2 60 2 3
( 5 x + 3) H ( x ) = 20 x 2 + 12 x 5 30 150 760
6 30 152 757
H ( x ) = ( 20 x 2 + 12 x ) : ( 5 x + 3)
A ( 5 ) = 6 5 + 2 5 3 = 757; Q ( x ) = 6 x 2 + 30 x + 152 ;
3
20x2 + 12x 5x + 3 R ( x ) = 757 ; A ( 5 ) = 757

20x2 12x 4x
6.4. A ( x ) = x5 + 1 ; B ( x ) = x + 3
0
1 0 0 0 0 1
H ( x) = 4x
3 3 9 27 81 243
1 3 9 27 81 242
A ( 3) = ( 3) + 1 = 242
5
Pg. 118
2 1
5. A ( x ) = 12 x 3 + x 1 ; B ( x) = x + Q ( x ) = x 4 3 x 3 + 9 x 2 27 x + 81 ; R ( x ) = 242 ;
3 3
A ( 3) = 242
5.1. a)
2 1 1
12x3 + 0x 2 + x 1 x+ 6.5. A ( x ) = x 4 x3 1 ; B ( x ) = x
3 3 3
12 x 3 4x 2 12 x 4 x + 2
2 1 1 0 0 1
1 1 2 2 2
2
4x 2 + x 1 3 3 9 27 81
3
2 2 2 83
4 1
+ 4x 2 + x 3 9 27 81
3
4 3
2x 1 1 1 1
A = 1 =
2 3 3 3
2x
3 1 1 1 3 81 83
= 1 = =
5 81 27 81 81 81 81

3 2 2 2 83 1 83
Q ( x ) = x3 x 2 x ; R ( x) = ; A =
Q ( x ) = 12 x 2 4 x + 2 ; R ( x ) =
5 3 9 27 81
3 81
3
b) Pg. 119
2 2
12 0 1 7.1. 3x 2 4 x + 1 ; 3x 2 = 3 x
3
3
1 4 2 3 4 1
4
3 3 3 2 4
2
5 3 3
12 4 2
3 1
3 2
5
Q ( x ) = 12 x 2 4 x + 2 ; R ( x ) = 3
3 2
3 3Q ( x ) = 3x 2 Q ( x ) = x
1 1 2 1 3
5.2. A = 12 + 1 =
3 3 3 3 2
Q ( x) = x ; R ( x) =
1
12 2 4 2 9 15 5 3 3
= 1 = = =
1 1
27 9 9 9 9 9 3 7.2. x 1 ; x + 1 = ( x + 2)
4
6.1. A ( x ) = x3 2 x 2 3 x 5 2 2
B ( x) = x 2
1 0 0 0 1
1 2 3 5 2 2 4 8 16
2 2 0 6 1 2 4 8 15
1 0 3 11 1
A ( 2 ) = 23 2 22 3 2 5 = 11 Q ( x ) = x3 2 x 2 + 4 x 8
2
Q ( x ) = x 2 3 ; R ( x ) = 11 ; A ( 2 ) = 11 Q ( x ) = 2 x 3 4 x 2 + 8 x 16
Q ( x ) = 2 x 3 4 x 2 + 8 x 16 ; R ( x ) = 15
1 3
7.3. x 4 3x 2 2 x ; 2 x + 1 = 2 x + b) 2x + 3 = 2 x +
2 2
1 0 3 2 0 3
3 3 3
1 1 1 11 5 P = 4 13 6 =
2 2 2
2 2 4 8 16
27 39 27 39
1 11 5 5 = 4 + 6= + 6
1 8 2 2 2
2 4 8 16
12
1 11 5 = +6=0
2Q ( x ) = x 3 x 2 x 2
2 4 8
3
1 1 11 5 P = 0 . Logo, P(x) divisvel por (2x + 3).
Q ( x ) = x3 x 2 x 2
2 4 8 16
14. P ( x ) = x3 + 8x 2 7
1 1 11 5 5
Q ( x ) = x3 x 2 x ; R ( x) =
14.1. P ( 1) = ( 1) + 8 ( 1) 7 = 1 + 8 7 = 0
3 2
2 4 8 16 16
8. 2 x 2 18 x + 16 = mx 2 + ( n 3) x + 4 p
P( 1) = 0. Logo, P(x) divisvel por x + 1.
2 = m m = 2 14.2.

18 = n 3 n = 15 1 8 0 7
16 = 4 p p = 4 1 1 7 7
1 7 7 0
Logo, m = 2, n = 15 e p = 4. P ( x ) = ( x + 1) ( x + 7 x 7 )
2
x 2 8x + 7 = ( x k ) b
2
9.
15. P ( x ) = x 4 x3 + x 1
x 2 8 x + 7 = x 2 2kx + k 2 b
P (1) = 14 13 + 1 1 = 0
8 = 2k k = 4 k = 4
P(1) = 0. Logo, P(x) divisvel por x 1.
7 = k b 7 = 4 b b = 9
2 2
Logo, k = 4 e b = 9. 1 1 1 1
10. x 3 2 = ( x + 1) ( ax 2 + bx + c ) + d 1 1 0 1
1 0 1 0
x 3 2 = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + ax 2 + bx + c + d
P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x + 1)3
x 3 2 = ax 3 + ( a + b ) x 2 + ( b + c ) x + ( c + d )
Logo, Q ( x ) = x 3 + 1 .
a = 1 a = 1 a = 1
a + b = 0

1 + b = 0

b = 1
16. P ( x ) = 2 x3 5x 2 + x + a

b + c = + b + c = 0 1 + c = 0 P ( 2 ) = 2 23 5 2 2 + 2 + a =
c + d = 2 c + d = 2 c + d = 2 = 16 20 + 2 + a = 2 + a
a = 1 a = 1 P ( 2 ) = 0 2 + a = 0 a = 2
b = 1
b = 1 17. P ( x ) = ax 3 + (1 3a ) x 2 + 2ax + a 6

c = 1 c = 1 P ( 2 ) = a 23 + (1 3a ) 2 2 + 2a 2 + a 6
1 + d = 2 d = 3
= 8a + 4 12a + 4a + a 6
Logo, a = 1, b = 1, c = 1 e d = 3. =a2
P ( 2) = 0 a 2 = 0 a = 2
Pg. 120
P ( x ) = 2 x3 5x 2 + 4 x 4
11. P ( x ) = x 2 x + 3x + 5
3 2
2 5 4 4
P ( 3) = ( 3) 2 ( 3) + 3 ( 3) + 5
3 2
2 4 2 4
= 27 18 9 + 5 = 49 2 1 2 0
O resto da diviso de P(x) por x + 3 P( 3) = 49. P ( x ) = ( x 2) ( 2x x + 2)
2
12. P ( x ) = x 2 3x + a Logo, Q ( x ) = 2 x 2 x + 2 .
P ( 5 ) = 52 3 5 + a = 25 15 + a = 10 + a
P ( 5 ) = 0 10 + a = 0 a = 10 Pg. 123
Atividades complementares
18. 3 x 5 x10 + 7 x 2 = x10 + 3 x 5 x 2 + 7
Pg. 121
13. P ( x ) = 4 x 3 13 x 6 18.1. O termo independente 7.
18.2. O coeficiente do termo de grau 2 1.
a) P ( 2 ) = 4 23 13 2 6 = 32 26 6 = 0
18.3. O polinmio tem grau 10.
P ( 2 ) = 0 . Logo, P(x) divisvel por x 2. ( x 2)
2
x 1 5
19. P ( x) =
3 2 3
x2 4x + 4 x 1 5 27.1. A ( x ) = x 3 + 3x 2 + 2 ; B ( x ) = x 2 2 x + 1
19.1. P ( x ) = +
3 2 2 3 x3 + 3x2 + 0x + 2 x2 2x + 1
x 2
4 4 x 1 5 + x3 + 2x2 x x5
= x+ + 5x2 x + 2
3 3 3 2 2 3
5x2 10x + 5
1 11 1
= x2 x + 11x + 7
3 6 6
Q ( x ) = x 5 ; R ( x ) = 11x + 7
19.2. a) O polinmio tem grau 2.
1 27.2. A ( x ) = x3 + 1 ; B ( x ) = x + 1
b) O termo independente .
6 x3 + 0x2 + 0x + 1 x+1
x3 x2 x2 x + 1
20.1. Um polinmio completo de grau 4 tem cinco termos.
x2 + 0x + 1
20.2. Um polinmio completo de grau n + 1 tem n + 2 termos. + x2 + x
20.3. Um polinmio completo de grau n 2 tem n 2 + 1 = n 1 x + 1
termos. x 1
21. Um polinmio de grau n tem pelo menos um termo (o termo de 0
Q ( x ) = x2 x + 1 ; R ( x ) = 0
grau n).
22. A ( x ) = 5 x 4 3x 3 ; B ( x ) = 3 x 4 6 x 2 3 x + 3 27.3. A ( x ) = 3 x + 2 ; B ( x ) = x + 1
22.1. A ( x ) + B ( x ) = 5 x 3 x 3 + ( 3 x 6 x 3x + 3) =
4 4 2
3x + 2 x+1
3x 3 3
= 8x4 6 x2 6x
22.2. A ( x ) B ( x ) = 5 x 4 3 x 3 ( 3 x 4 6 x 2 3 x + 3) =
1
Q ( x ) = 3 ; R ( x ) = 1
= 5 x 4 3x 3 3x 4 + 6 x 2 + 3x 3 =
1 3 1
= 2x4 + 6x2 6 27.4. A ( x ) = x + 2 x 2 22 x + 1 ; B ( x ) = x + 3
2 3
22.3. 2 A ( x ) B ( x ) = 2 ( 5 x 4 3 x 3) ( 3 x 4 6 x 2 3 x + 3) =
10 10 1 3 1
x + 2x 2 22x + 1 x+3
3 3 2 3
= 10 x 4 6 x 6 10 x 4 + 20 x 2 + 10 x 10 = 1
x3
9 2
x
2 2 15
x x+
3
2 2 3 2 2
= 20 x 2 + 4 x 16
5
23. C ( x ) D ( x ) = ( x 2 + 9 x + 3)( x3 3 x + 1) = x2
2
22x + 1
5 2 45
= x 5 3 x3 + x 2 + 9 x 4 27 x 2 + 9 x + 3 x 3 9 x + 3 = 2
x +
2
x
= x 5 + 9 x 4 26 x 2 + 3 1
x + 1
24.1. ( x 2 + 2 4 x ) ( 3 x 2 ) = 2
1 9
x
= 3 x3 2 x 2 + 6 x 4 12 x 2 + 8 x = 2 2
= 3x 3 14 x 2 + 14 x 4
7
2
24.2. ( x 3)( x + 2 ) ( 2 x + 2 ) =
2
3 2 15 3 7
Q ( x) = x x + ; R ( x) =
= x 2 + 2 x 3x 6 ( 4 x 2 + 8 x + 4 ) = 2 2 2 2
= x2 x 6 4x2 8x 4 =
= 3 x 2 9 x 10 Pg. 124
2 x + 5x + 3
2
3
24.3. 4 x 2 3 x x + 1 ( 4 x 1) = 28.1. = x +3
x+2 x+2
3
x2 + 5x + 3 x+2
= ( 4 x 2 2 x 2 3 x ) ( 4 x 1) = x2 2x x+3
= ( 2 x 2 3 x ) ( 4 x 1) = 3x + 3
3x 6
= 8 x 3 2 x 2 12 x 2 + 3 x = 8 x3 14 x 2 + 3 x 3
24.4. ( 2 x + 1)( x 1) ( x + 4 )( x 4 ) = 5 x 2 + 3x 1 35
28.2. = 5 x 12 +
x+3 x+3
= 2 x 2 2 x + x 1 ( x 2 16 ) =
5x2 + 3x 1 x+2
= x 2 x + 15 5x2 15x x+3
25.1. A ( x ) + B ( x ) de grau 5. 12x 1
+ 12x + 36
25.2. A ( x ) B ( x ) de grau 5. 35
25.3. A ( x ) B ( x ) de grau 5 + 3 = 8. x3 x + 3 2x 3
28.3. =x 2
x2 + 1 x +1
25.4. A ( x ) de grau 5 2 = 10.
2
x3 x + 3 x+1
26. (x 2
x + 1) A ( x ) = x5 29 x + 12 x3 x 3
2 + grau (A(x)) = 5, logo grau (A(x)) = 3. 2x + 3
29.1. A ( x ) = 3 x 2 5 x + 4 ; B ( x ) = x 2 3
3x2 x + 1 x
3 5 4 2
2 6 2 9 7
3x2 + x 3x +
3 1 6 2 2
Q ( x ) = 3x + 1 ; R ( x ) = 6 7
x + 1
29.2. A ( x ) = x 4 x3 + x 2 + 5 ; B ( x ) = x + 2 2
1 1 1 0 5 7 21
x +
2 2 2 2 4 2 4
1 1 1 2 1 25
Q ( x ) = x3 + x 2 x + 2 ; R ( x ) = 1 4
29.3. A ( x ) = x 4 x 3 + 1 ; B ( x ) = x + 2 R( x) =
25
, nos dois casos.
1 1 0 0 1 4
2 2 6 12 24 32.1. A ( x ) = x 2 3 x + 1 ; B ( x ) = x + 1
1 3 6 12 25
a A( x ) = x + b ( B ( x ))
2
Q ( x ) = x3 3 x 2 + 6 x 12 ; R ( x ) = 25
a ( x 2 3 x + 1) = x + b ( x + 1)
2
1
29.4. A ( x ) = 8 x3 2 x 1 ; B ( x ) = x +
2 ax 2 3ax + a = x + b ( x 2 + 2 x + 1)
8 0 2 1
1 ax 2 3ax + a = bx 2 + (1 + 2b ) x + b
4 2 0
2 a = b
a = b
8 4 0 1 3a = 1 + 2b
Q ( x ) = 8 x 2 4 x ; R ( x ) = 1 a = b 3b = 1 + 2b

29.5. A ( x ) = x5 + 1 ; B ( x ) = x + 1 1
1 0 0 0 0 1 a = b a = 5

1 1 1 1 1 1 5b = 1 b = 1
1 1 1 1 1 0 5
Q ( x ) = x 4 x3 + x 2 x + 1 ; R ( x ) = 0 32.2. A ( x ) 1 = B ( x ) ( ax + b ) + c
30.1. A ( x ) = 2 x 3 4 x + 1 ; B ( x ) = 2 x 4 = 2 ( x 2 ) x 2 3 x = ( x + 1)( ax + b ) + c
2 0 4 1
2 4 8 8 x 2 3x = ax 2 + bx + ax + b + c
2 4 4 9 x 2 3x = ax 2 + ( b + a ) x + b + c
2Q ( x ) = 2 x 2 + 4 x + 4 ; Q ( x ) = x 2 + 2 x + x ; R ( x ) = 9 a = 1 a = 1 a = 1

1 b + a = 3 b + 1 = 3 b = 4
30.2. A ( x ) = 4 x3 3 ; B ( x ) = 2 x 1 = 2 x b + c = 0 c = b c = 4
2
4 0 0 3 Logo, a = 1, b = 4 e c = 4.
1 1 33. A ( x ) = 2 x3 4 x 2 + 3x + 1
2 1
2 2
33.1. B ( x ) = x 2
5
4 2 1
2 A ( 2 ) = 2 23 4 2 2 + 3 2 + 1 =
1
2Q ( x ) = 4 x + 2 x + 1 ; Q ( x ) = 2 x + x + ; R ( x ) =
2 2 5 = 28 4 4 + 6 +1 = 7
2 2 R = A( 2) = 7
1 1
30.3. A ( x ) = 8 x 2 5 x + 3 ; B ( x ) = x + 1 = ( x + 2 ) 33.2. C ( x ) = x + 3
2 2
A ( 3) = 2 ( 3) 4 ( 3) + 3 ( 3) + 1 =
3 2
8 5 3
2 16 42
= 54 36 9 + 1 = 98
8 21 45
1 R = A ( 3) = 98
Q ( x ) = 8 x 21 ; Q ( x ) = 16 x 42 ; R ( x ) = 45
2 33.3. D ( x ) = x = x 0 ; D ( 0 ) = 1 ; R = D ( 0 ) = 1
3x2 x + 1 2x 3
31. 1
9 3 7 33.4. E ( x ) = 2 x 1 = 2 x
3x2 + x x+ 2
2 2 4 3 2
1 1 1 1
7
x + 1 A = 2 4 + 3 + 1 =
2 2 2 2 2
7 21 2 3 7
x + = 1 + +1 =
2 4 8 2 4
25 1 7
R = A =
4 2 4
34. Seja P ( x ) = a0 x n + a1 x n 1 + ... + an 1 x + an um polinmio Como n , Pn ( 3) = 0 e Pn ( 4 ) = 0 , ento Pn ( x )

qualquer e B ( x ) = x = x 0 . divisvel por x + 3 e por x + 4. Logo, n , Pn ( x )
O resto da diviso de P ( x ) por B ( x ) igual a P ( 0 ) e divisvel por ( x + 3)( x + 4 ) .
P ( 0 ) = a0 0 + a1 a
n n 1
+ ... + an 1 a + an = an 41. Seja Pn ( x ) = x 2 n +1 nx 1 + n .
Logo, o resto da diviso de P ( x ) por x o termo Pn (1) = 12 n +1 n 1 + n = 1 1 = 0
independente an . Como n , Pn (1) = 0 , podemos concluir que
35. P ( x ) = x 4 x 2 + ax + 2 ; B ( x ) = x 1 n , Pn ( x ) divisvel por x + 1.
P (1) = 14 12 + a + 2 = a + 2 42. P ( x ) = x 200 x
P (1) = 2 a + 2 = 2 a = 0 P (1) = 1200 1 = 1 1 = 0
36. A ( x ) = x3 3 x + 2 O resto da diviso de x 200 x por x 1 0.
36.1. B ( x ) = x 1 ; A (1) = 1 3 + 2 = 0 Resposta: (D)
43. P ( x ) = x n 1 ; P (1) = 1n 1 = 0
Como A(1) = 0, A(x) divisvel por x 1.
36.2. B ( x ) = x + 3 n , P (1) = 0 . Logo, n , P ( x ) divisvel por x 1.
A ( 3) = ( 3) 3 ( 3) + 2 = 27 + 9 + 2 = 16
3 44. P ( x ) = xn + an
P ( a ) = ( a ) + a n = ( 1) a n + a n =
n n
Como A( 3) 0, A(x) no divisvel por x + 3.
37. A ( x ) = x3 3 x 2 + 5 x + 9 = an + an = 0
37.1. A ( 1) = ( 1) 3 ( 1) + 5 ( 1) + 9 = 1 3 5 + 9 = 0 pois, se n mpar, ento ( 1) = 1 .
3 2 n
Como A(1) = 0, A(x) divisvel por x + 1. Se n mpar, P ( a ) = 0 . Logo, se n mpar P(x) divisvel
37.2. por x + a.
3 1 5 9 45. P ( x ) = x3 2 x + 1
1 1 4 9
45.1. P ( 2 ) = ( 2 ) 2 ( 2 ) + 1 = 8 + 4 + 1 = 3
3
1 4 9 0
Q ( x ) = x 4 x + 9 e tem grau 2.
2
Como P ( 2 ) = 3 , o resto da diviso de P(x) por x + 2 3.
38. A ( x ) = x3 6 x 2 + 11x 6
45.2.
38.1. A (1) = 13 6 12 + 11 1 6 = 1 0 2 1
2 2 4 4
=1 6 + 5 = 0 1 2 2 3
38.2. P ( x ) = ( x + 2) ( x2 2 x + 2) 3
1 6 11 6
1 1 5 6 P ( x ) + 3 = ( x + 2) ( x2 2x + 2)
1 5 6 0
Q ( x ) = x2 2x + 2
Q ( x ) = x2 5x + 6 46. Grau de A(x): n + 2

Grau de B(x): n 1
Grau de Q ( x ) = ( n + 2 ) ( n 1) = n + 2 n + 1 = 3
Pg. 125
39. x2+ 4 um polinmio do 2. grau. Se for o quadrado de um Grau de R(x) menor que o de B(x).
polinmio, ter de ser de um polinmio do 1. grau. O grau de Q(x) 3 e o de R(x) menor que n 1 ou R (x) o
x 2 + 4 = ( ax + b ) polinmio nulo.
2
47. Como x ( x 1) tem grau 2, R(x), resto da diviso de P(x) por

x 2 + 4 = a 2 x 2 + 2abx + b 2
x ( x 1) , tem grau no superior a 1.
a 2 = 1 a = 1 a = 1
R ( x ) = ax + b
2ab = 0 a = 0 b = 0
2 b = 2 b = 2 Ento, P ( x ) = x ( x 1) Q ( x ) + ax + b .
b = 4
O sistema impossvel. Logo, x2 + 4 no o quadrado de um Sabemos que P ( 0 ) = 9 e P (1) = 7 , pelo que:
polinmio. P ( 0 ) = 9 0 ( 0 1) Q ( 0 ) + a 0 + b = 9

Seja Pn ( x ) = ( x + 4 ) + ( x + 3) 1
n 2n
40. P (1) = 7 1 (1 1) Q (1) + a + b = 7
Pn ( 3) = ( 3 + 4 ) + ( 3 + 3) 1 = 1n + 0 n 1 = 0
n 2n
0 + b = 9 b = 9

Pn ( 4 ) = ( 4 + 4 ) + ( 4 + 3) 1 = 0 + ( 1) 1 =
n 2n n 2n
0 + a + b = 7 a + 9 = 7
2 n
b = 9
= ( 1) 1 = 1n 1 =
a = 2
= 11 = 0 Logo, R(x) = 2 x + 9 .
48. P ( a + 3) = 2a 2 3a + 1 53.1. P ( x ) = 2 x 2 n ( n + 1) x ( n + 3)
48.1. a) a + 3 = 1 a = 4 P ( 1) = 2 ( 1) ( n + 1) ( 1) n 3 =
2n
P ( 1) = 2 ( 4 ) 3 ( 4 ) + 1 =
2
( )
n
= 2 ( 1)
2
+ n +1 n 3 =
= 32 + 12 + 1 = 45
b) a + 3 = 2 a = 2 3 a = 1 = 2 1n 2 = 2 2 = 0
Como n , P ( 1) = 0 , ento n , P ( x ) divisvel
P ( 2 ) = 2 ( 1) 3 ( 1) + 1 = 2 + 3 + 1 = 6
2
por x + 1.
48.2. a + 3 = x a = x 3
53.2. B ( x ) = ( x + 1) + 3x n +1 + 2
n
P ( x ) = 2 ( x 3) 3 ( x 3) + 1 =
2
A( x) = x = x 0
= 2 ( x 2 6 x + 9 ) 3x + 9 + 1 =
B ( 0 ) = ( 0 + 1) + 3 0n +1 + 2 =
n
= 2 x 2 12 x + 18 3 x + 9 + 1 =
= 2 x 2 15 x + 28 =1+ 0 + 2 = 3
P ( x ) = 0 2 x 2 15 x + 28 = 0 Como n , B ( 0 ) = 3 , ento o resto da diviso de B(x) por
x 3, n .
15 152 4 2 28
x=
4
Pg. 126
15 1
x= Avaliao 3
4
2
x= x=4
7 1. A expresso 2 x 1 + 3 x = + 3x no representa um polinmio.
2 x
7 Resposta: (B)
Os zeros de P ( x ) so e 4.
P ( x ) = ( 2 x 1) ( 2 x 3)( 2 x + 3) =
2
2 2.
49. P ( x ) = x 3 px + 1 ; 2 x 4 = 2 ( x 2 ) = 4x2 4 x + 1 ( 4x2 9)
9
P ( 2 ) = 0 23 2 p + 1 = 0 2 p = 9 p = = 4 x + 10
2
O polinmio P(x) tem grau 1.
50. P ( x ) = ( p 1) x 3 2 x 2 3qx + 1
Resposta: (B)
Se p = 3q + 2 , ento p 1 = 3q + 2 1 = 3q + 1 e 3. P ( x ) = ( x 20 )( x 15 )( x n )
P ( x ) = ( 3q + 1) x 3 2 x 2 3qx + 1 .
P (10 ) = 400 (10 20 )(10 15 )(10 n ) = 400
P (1) = ( 3q + 1) 13 2 12 3q 1 + 1 =
10 ( 5 ) (10 n ) = 400
= 3q + 1 2 3q + 1 = 0 50 (10 n ) = 400
Portanto, se p = 3q + 2 , ento o polinmio P(x) divisvel
400
por x 1. 10 n =
50
51. A ( x ) = ( m 2) x3 2 x + m 10 n = 8
1 n=2
2x 1 = 2 x
2 P ( x ) = ( x 20 )( x 15 )( x 2 )
P ( x ) = 0 x = 20 x = 15 x = 2
3
1 1 1
A = 0 ( m 2) 2 + m = 0
2 2 2 V = 20 15 2 = 600
1 1 1 5
m 2 1+ m = 0 m + m = Resposta: (A)
8 8 8 4 4. Da definio de diviso inteira, temos:
P ( x ) = Q ( x ) ( x 2 x 2 ) + ( 2 x 1)
10
m + 8m = 10 9m = 10 m =
9
52. P ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c O resto da diviso de P(x) por x + 1 P( 1).
P ( 0) = 0 c = 0 c = 0
( 2
)
P ( 1) = Q ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 2 + ( 2 ( 1) 1) =

P ( 3) = 0 9a + 3b + c = 0 9a = 3b = Q ( 1) (1 + 1 2 ) + ( 2 1) =
9a 3b + c = 1 3b 3b = 1 = Q ( 1) 0 + ( 3) =
P ( 3) = 1
=3
c = 0 a = 0 Resposta: (A)

1 1 5. Se A(x) tem grau 2 e B(x) tem grau 3, ento A ( x ) + B ( x )
9a = 3 a =
6 18 tem grau 3.
1 1
b = b = 6 Se A ( x ) + B ( x ) tem grau 3 e C ( x ) tem grau 4, ento
6
1 2 1 A ( x ) + B ( x ) C ( x ) tem grau 3 + 4 = 7.
P ( x) = x x
18 6 Resposta: (B)
6. P ( x ) = x1001 13. x 2 1 = ( x 1)( x + 1)

A ( x ) = 2 x + 2 = 2 ( x + 1) P ( x ) = x 3 mx 2 + nx + 1
O resto da diviso de P(x) por 2 ( x + 1) P( 1). P ( 1) = 0 1 m n + 1 = 0 m + n = 0

P ( 1) = ( 1) P (1) = 0 1 m + n + 1 = 0 m n = 2
1001
= 1
Resposta: (A) m = n m = n m = 1

7. A ( x ) = B ( x )
2
n n = 2 2n = 2 n = 1
P(x) divisvel por x2 1 se m = 1 e n = 1.
ax 2 + bx + 1 = ( cx + 1)
2
14.
ax 2 + bx + 1 = c 2 x 2 + 2cx + 1 1 a 2a 2a 8
a = c 2 8
4 0
b = 2c
14.1. O polinmio-divisor x .
Se b = 2c, ento b 2 = ( 2c ) = 4c 2 . Como c 2 = a , b 2 = 4a .
2
( 4 ) = 8 = 2
Resposta: (D) O polinmio-divisor x 2.
8. P ( a 1) = a 3 3a + 5 14.2.
a 1 = 1 a = 2 1 a 2a 2a 8
P ( 2 1) = 23 3 2 + 5 2 2 2a + 4 8a + 8 8
1 a + 2 4a + 4 6a + 8 0
P (1) = 8 6 + 5 = 7 60 + 8 = 4 60 = 12 a = 2
Resposta: (D) 14.3. a = 2 ; 2a = 4 ; 2a = 4
2 P ( x ) = x 4 2 x3 4 x 2 + 4 x + 8
9. 3x 2 3 x
3
( x 1)
2
15. = x2 2x + 1
3 16 0 8
2 ax3 + bx2 + 0x 1 x2 2x + 1
2 12 8 ax3 2ax2 ax ax + 2a + b
3
(2a+b)x2 ax 1
3 18 12 0 (2a+b)x2 + (4a + 2b)x 2a b
3Q ( x ) = 3 x + 18 x + 12 Q ( x ) = x 2 + 6 x + 4
2
(3a + 2b)x 2a b 1
Q (0) = 4
Resposta: (C)
( 3a + 2b ) x 2a b 1 = 0 x + 0
10. A ( x ) = ( x + a )( x + 3a ) ; B ( x ) = x a 3a + 2b = 0 3a + 2 ( 2a 1) = 0

A ( x ) = x 2 + 3ax + ax + 3a 2 2a b 1 = 0 b = 2a 1
= x 2 + 4ax + 3a 2 3a 4a 2 = 0 a = 2

1 4a 3a 2
b = 2 a 1 b = 3
a a 5a 2 a=2 eb=3
1 5a 8a 2
16. P ( x ) = x 2 + bx + 1
Q ( x ) = x + 5a e R ( x ) = 8a 2 P ( 2 ) = P ( 2 )
Resposta: (C) 4 + 2b + 1 = 4 2b + 1
2b + 2b = 0
Pg. 127 4b = 0
11. P ( x ) = ( m 1) x + ( m + 1) x + x + 3
2 4 3 2
b=0
a
m 2 2 = 0 m 2 = 1 m = 1 m = 1 17. A ( x ) = x3 + x + b
m = 1 2
m + 1 = 0 m = 1 m = 1 B ( x ) = x 4 + bx + a
12. P ( x ) = x3 2 x 2 + 3x 5
A ( 2 ) = 0 8 a + b = 0
3 2

1 1 1 1 ( ) = 16 2b + a = 0
P = 2 + 3 5 = B 2 0
2 2 2 2
a = b 8
1 1 3
= + 5= 2b + b 8 = 16
8 2 2
1 a = b 8
= +1 5
8 b = 24
1 31 a = 32
= 4=
8 8
b = 24
31
O resto da diviso de P(x) por B(x) . a = 32 e b = 24
8
18. O resto da diviso inteira de P(x) por x2 1 tem grau no 21. P ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c

superior a 1. P (0) = 1 c = 1
R ( x ) = ax + b
P ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + 1
P ( x ) = Q ( x ) ( x 1) + ( ax + b )
2
P (1) + P ( 2 ) = ( a + b + 1) + ( 4a + 2b + 1) =
( ) (
P (1) = 3 Q 1 12 1) + ( a + b ) = 3 = 5a + 3b + 2

( )
P ( 1) = 1 Q ( 1) ( 1) 1 + ( a + b ) = 1

2 P ( 2 ) 4 P (1) = ( 4a + 2b + 1) 4 ( a + b + 1) =
= 4a + 2b + 1 4a 4b 4
0 Q (1) + a + b = 3 0 + a + b = 3
= 2b 3
0 Q ( 1) a + b = 1 0 + b = 1 + a
P (1) + P ( 2 ) = 11

a + 1 + a = 3 2 a = 2 a = 1 P ( 2 ) 4 P (1) = 1

b = 1 + a b = 1 + a b = 2 5a + 3b + 2 = 11 5a 6 + 2 = 11
R ( x) = x + 2
2b 3 = 1 b = 2
19. P ( x ) = ( x 2 )( x 3)( ax + b ) 5a = 15 a = 3

O termo x 3 ax 3 . Logo, a = 2 b = 2 b = 2
P ( x ) = ( x 2 )( x 3)( 2 x + b ) P ( x ) = 3x 2 x + 1
2
P (1) = 2 (1 2 )(1 3)( 2 + b ) = 2 P ( 3) = 3 9 2 3 + 1 = 27 6 + 1 = 22

1 ( 2 ) ( 2 + b ) = 2 22. P ( x ) = ( a + 4 ) x3 + 3ax 2 + ( a + 2 ) x 4a
2 + b = 1 P ( 1) = 0
b = 3
( a + 4 ) ( 1) + 3a 1 + ( a + 2 ) ( 1) 4a = 0
P ( x ) = ( x 2 )( x 3)( 2 x 3)
a 4 + 3a a 2 4a = 0
O termo independente P(0). 3a = 6
P ( 0 ) = 2 ( 3) ( 3) = 18
a = 2
20. A ( x ) = B ( x) + x2 + 1 Assim:
A (1) = 0 ; B ( 2 ) = 0 a + 4 = 2 + 4 = 2
A (1) = B (1) + 12 + 1 A (1) = 0
3a = 3 ( 2 ) = 6
0 = B (1) + 2 a + 2 = 2 + 2 = 0
4a = 4 ( 2 ) = 8
B (1) = 2
Logo, P ( x ) = 2 x 3 6 x 2 + 8 .
A ( 2 ) = B ( 2 ) + 22 + 1 B ( 2) = 0
2 6 0 8
A( 2) = 0 + 5 1 2 8 8
A ( 2) = 5 2 8 8 0
Q ( x ) = 2x2 8x + 8
A ( 2 ) B (1) = 5 + 2 = 7
2.4. Fatorizao de polinmios. Resoluo de equaes e inequaes de grau superior ao segundo
2.4. Fatorizao de polinmios. Resoluo de equaes e 1

2
1 1
inequaes de grau superior ao segundo 3.11. K ( x ) = x 25 = x 5 x + 5 =
2 2 2
9 11 9 11
= x x + = x + x
Pg. 128 2 2 2 2
Atividade inicial 4 2
1
3.12. L ( x ) = x (1 x ) =
2
1.1. P ( x ) = 2 x + 3x + 4 x 7
3 2
2
B ( x) = x + 2 1 1
= x (1 x ) x + (1 x ) =
R = P ( 2 ) = 2 ( 2 ) + 3 ( 2 ) + 4 ( 2 ) 7 2 2
3 2

= 16 + 12 8 7 = 19 13 3
= 2x = x
1.2. P ( x ) = 3 x 4 21x 2 3x 5 22 4
4.1. D6 = {6 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 6}
B ( x) = x 3
4.2. D27 = {27 , 9 , 3 , 1 , 1 , 3 , 9 , 27}
R = P ( 3) = 3 34 21 32 3 3 5 =
4.3. D8 = {8 , 4 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 4 , 8}
= 243 189 9 5 = 40
1.3. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 + 11x 2 + 7 x 6
Pg. 131
B ( x) = x + 6
1.1. 2x2 x 1 = 0
R = P ( 6 ) = 2 ( 6 ) + 11 ( 6 ) + 7 ( 6 ) 6 =
3 2
1 1+ 8 1 3
x= x=
= 432 + 396 42 6 = 780 4 4
2.1. A ( x ) = x2 + 4 1
x = x =1
A(x) no tem zeros porque a equao x 2 + 4 = 0 impossvel 2
1
em . 2 x 2 x 1 = 2 x + ( x 1)
2.2. B ( x ) = ( x 3)
5 2
7 49 24
( x 3) 3x 2 7 x + 2 = 0 x =
5
=0 x=3 1.2.
6
B(x) tem um zero. 75 1
x= x= x=2
2.3. C ( x ) = x2 + 2x + 1 6 3
x 2 + 2 x + 1 = 0 ( x + 1) = 0 x = 1
2
1
3x 7 x + 2 = 3 x ( x 2 )
2
3
C(x) tem um zero.
1.3. 5 x 2 + 10 x + 5 = 0
2.4. D ( x ) = ( x 2 + 3) ( x 1)
10 100 100
x=
(x 2
+ 3) ( x 1) = 0 x 2 + 3 = 0 x 1 = 0 x = 1 10
D(x) tem um zero. x = 1 ( 1 uma raiz dupla)
A ( x ) = x 2 x = x ( x 1) 5 x 2 + 10 x + 5 = 5 ( x + 1)
2
3.1.
1 1 1 2 4 168
3.2. B ( x) = x 2 = x + x 1.4. 7 x2 2x + 6 = 0 x =
4 2 2 2
3.3. C ( x ) = 7 x 2 14 x = 7 x ( x 2 ) O polinmio no fatorizvel porque no tem razes reais.
3.4. D ( x ) = 1 ( x 3) = 1 ( x 3) 1 + ( x 3) =
2 4 16 + 16
1.5. x 2 4 x 4 = 0 x =
2
= ( 4 x )( x 2 )
4 16 2 4 16 2
3.5. E ( x ) = 12 x 3 3 x 2 = 3 x 2 ( 4 x 1) x= x=
2 2
F ( x ) = ( x 1) 2 ( x 1) =
2
3.6. 44 2
x= x =22 2
= ( x 1) ( x 1) 2 = ( x 1)( x 3) 2
3.7. G ( x ) = 16 4 x 2 = 4 2 ( 2 x ) = ( 4 2 x )( 4 + 2 x )
2 (
x2 4x 4 = x 2 + 2 2 x 2 2 2 )( )
2 2 + 16
H ( x ) = ( 2 x 3) ( 2 x 3) = ( 2 x 3) (1 ( 2 x 3) ) =
2 3 2
3.8. 1.6. x2 2 x 4 = 0 x =
2
= ( 2 x 3) ( 4 2 x )
2
2 9 2 2 3 2
2
x= x=
1 1 1 1 2 2
3.9. I ( x ) = x 2 1 = x 12 = x 1 x + 1
4 2 2 2 2 +3 2 2 3 2
x= x=
3.10. J ( x ) = (1 3 x ) ( 2 5 x ) = 2 2
2 2
x=2 2x= 2
= (1 3 x ) ( 2 5 x ) (1 3 x ) + ( 2 5 x ) =
= ( 2 x 1)( 3 8 x )
(
x 2x 4 = x 2 2 x + 2
2
)( )
9 4 2 = ( a b ) = a 2 2ab + b 2 1 1 1 1
2
2.1.
1 1 0 1
1 0 1 0
2ab = 4 2 ab = 2 2
C ( x ) = x ( x 1) ( x 1) =2
Se a = 2 e b = 2 , a 2 + b 2 = 4 + 2 = 6 9 .
= x ( x 1)( x 1)( x + 1) =
Se a = 2 2 e b = 1, a 2 + b 2 = 8 + 1 = 9 .
= x ( x 1) ( x + 1)
2
( )
2
9 4 2 = 2 2 1
4.4. D ( x ) = x 4 + 3 x 3 + 11x 2 + 27 x + 18
(2 )
1 3 11 27 18
(2 )
2
94 2 = 2 1 = 2 2 1 2 1 > 0 1 1 2 9 18
1 2 9 18 0
2.2. x2 + 2 2x + x + 2 2 = 0 2 2 0 18
(
x2 + 2 2 + 1 x + 2 2 = 0 ) 1 0 9 0
D ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x + 2 ) ( x 2 + 9 )
(2 )
2
2 2 1 2 +1 8 2 x2 + 9 no pode ser fatorizado porque no tem razes reais.
x=
2
2 2 1 8 + 4 2 + 1 8 2 Pg. 133
x= 5.1. P ( x) = 2x + 9x + 7x 6
3 2
2
2 2 1 9 4 2 Divisores inteiros de 6: 1, 1 , 2, 2, 3, 3, 6, 6.
x= P ( 1) = 6 ; P (1) = 12 ; P ( 2 ) = 0
2
x=
2 2 1 2 2 1 ( ) 2 uma raiz de P(x)
2 9 7 6
2 2 4 10 6
2 2 1+ 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 + 1 2 5 3 0
x= x=
2 2 5 25 + 24
2x + 5x 3 = 0 x =
2

4 2 4
x = 1 x = 5 7 1
2 x= x = 3 x =
4 2
x = 1 x = 2 2
1
x + 2 2 x + x + 2 2 = ( x + 1) x + 2 2
2
( ) P ( x ) = 2 ( x + 2 )( x + 3) x
2
3. Por exemplo, P ( x ) = ( x 2 )( x + 3) e P ( x ) = 2 ( x 2 )( x + 3) 5.2. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 + x 2 11x 10
Divisores inteiros de 10: 1, 1, 2, 2, 5, 5, 10, 10
Pg. 132 P ( 1) = 0
4.1. A ( x ) = 3 x3 + 7 x 2 22 x 8
1 uma raiz de P(x)
3 7 22 8 2 1 11 10
1 1 2 1 10
1 2 8 2 1 10 0
3
3 6 24 0 1 1 + 80
2 x 2 x 10 = 0 x =
3 x 2 + 6 x 24 = 0 4
6 36 + 288 6 324 1 9 5
x= x= x= x = 2 x =
6 6 4 2
6 18 5
x= x = x = 4 x = 2 P ( x ) = 2 ( x + 1)( x + 2 ) x
6 2
1 5.3. P ( x ) = 4 x 3 20 x 2 x + 5
A ( x ) = 3( x 2) x + ( x + 4)
3 Divisores inteiros de 5: 1, 1, 5, 5
4.2. B ( x ) = 2 x3 x 2 3x P (1) = 12 ; P ( 1) = 18 ; P ( 5 ) = 0
= x ( 2 x 2 x 3) 5 uma raiz de P(x)
4 20 1 5
1 1 + 24 5 20 0 5
2x2 x 3 = 0 x =
4 4 0 1 0
1 5 3 1 1 1
x= x = 1 x = 4x2 1 = 0 x2 = x = x =
4 2 4 2 2
3 1 1
B ( x ) = 2 x ( x + 1) x P ( x ) = 4 ( x 5 ) x + x
2 2 2
4.3. C ( x ) = x 4 x3 x 2 + x = 5.4. P ( x ) = 9 x3 9 x 2 x + 1
= x ( x3 x 2 x + 1) Divisores inteiros de 1: 1, 1
P ( 1) = 16 ; P (1) = 0 A ( 1) = 10 ; A (1) = 6 ; A ( 2 ) = 66 ; A ( 2 ) = 22
1 raiz de P(x) A ( 4 ) = 376 ; A ( 4 ) = 0
9 9 1 1 3 12 1 4
1 9 0 1 4 12 0 4
9 0 1 0 3 0 1 0
1 1 1 3 x 12 x x + 4 = 0
3 2
9x 1 = 0 x = x = x =
2 2
( x 4 ) ( 3 x 2 1) = 0
9 3 3
1 1
P ( x ) = 9 ( x 1) x + x x 4 = 0 3x 2 1 = 0
3 3
1
P ( x ) = ( x + 1) 4 x 4 x = 4 x2 =
3
5.5.
3
= ( x + 1) 4 ( x + 1)
3
1 1
x = 4 x = x=
3 3
= ( x + 1) ( x + 1) 4
2
1 1
x = 4 x = x=
= ( x + 1)( x + 1 2 )( x + 1 + 2 ) 3 3
= ( x + 1)( x 1)( x + 3) 3 3
x = 4 x = x=
P ( x ) = ( x3 1) ( 3x + 1) =
2 2 3 3
5.6.
3 3
= ( x 3 1) ( 3 x + 1) ( x3 1) + ( 3 x + 1) S = , , 4
3 3
= ( x3 1 3 x 1)( x3 1 + 3x + 1) 6.3. 4x + 4x + x = 0
4 3 2
= ( x 3 x 2 )( x + 3 x )
3 3 x 2 ( 4 x 2 + 4 x + 1) = 0
= ( x + 1) ( x + 2 ) x ( x 2 + 3)
2 x2 = 0 4x2 + 4x + 1 = 0
4 16 16
= x ( x 2 )( x + 1) ( x 2 + 3) x =0 x =
2
8
Clculos auxiliares: 1
x =0 x =
Seja A ( x ) = x 3 3x 2 . 2
1
Divisores de 2: 1, 1, 2, 2 S = , 0
A(1) = 0 2
1 zero de A(x) 6.4. 4 x 4 3x 2 = x 4 x 4 3x 2 x = 0
1
1 0
1
3
1
2
2
x ( 4 x 3 3 x 1) = 0
1 1 2 0
Fatorizao de A ( x ) = 4 x3 3 x 1
1 1+ 8
x x2=0 x=
2

2 Divisores de 1: 1, 1
x = 1 x = 2 A ( 1) = 2 ; A (1) = 0
A ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x + 1)( x 2 ) = 4 0 3 1
= ( x + 1) ( x + 2 )
2 1 4 4 1
4 4 1 0
x ( 4 x 3 3 x 1) = 0
Pg. 134
6.1. A( x) = 2x + x + 3 3 x ( x 1) ( 4 x 2 + 4 x + 1) = 0
x = 0 x 1 = 0 ( 2 x + 1) = 0
2
Divisores de 3: 1, 1, 3, 3
A ( 1) = 0 x = 0 x = 1 2x + 1 = 0
1 raiz de A(x) 1
x = 0 x = 1 x =
2 0 1 3 2
1 2 2 3
1
2 2 3 0 S = , 0 , 1
2
2 x + x + 3 = 0 ( x + 1) ( 2 x 2 2 x + 3) = 0
3
7. P ( x ) = 12 x 3 8 x 2 x + 1
x + 1 = 0 2x2 2x + 3 = 0
7.1. Divisores de 1: 1 e 1
2 4 24
x = 1 x = P ( 1) = 18 e P (1) = 4
4
x = 1 x Os divisores inteiros do termo independente no so razes de
x = 1 P (x). Logo, P(x) no tem razes inteiras.
S = {1} 7.2.
12 8 1 1
6.2. A ( x ) = 3 x 3 12 x 2 x + 4 1
4 4 1
Divisores de 4: 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4 3
12 12 3 0
12 x 3 8 x 2 x + 1 = 0 x 6 + 7 x3 8 = 0 ( x 3 ) + 7 x 3 8 = 0
2
10.
1
x + (12 x 2 12 x + 3) = 0 Considerando y = x 3 :
3
7 49 + 32
x + = 0 3 ( 4 x 2 4 x + 1) = 0
1 y2 + 7 y 8 = 0 y =
3 2
7 9
1
x = ( 2 x 1) = 0
2 y=
3 2
1 y = 1 y = 8 y = x3
x = 2x 1 = 0 Para x 3 = 1 x 3 = 8
3
1 1 x = 3 1 x = 3 8
x= x=
3 2 x = 1 x = 2
1 1 S = {2 , 1}
S = ,
3 2 11.1. P ( x ) = x 4 3x 2 4
8. P ( x ) = 16 x 8 x + 1
4 2
Considerando y = x 2 :
x 4 3x 2 4 = 0 y 2 3 y 4 = 0
16 0 8 0 1
3 9 + 16 35
1 y= y=
8 4 2 1 2 2
2
16 8 4 2 0 y = 1 y = 4
1 y 2 3 y 4 = ( y + 1)( y 4 )
8 8 2
2 Como y = x 2 , vem:
x 4 = 3 x 2 4 = ( x 2 + 1)( x 2 4 ) =
16 16 4 0
16 x 2 + 16 x + 4 = 0 4 x 2 + 4 x + 1 = 0
= ( x 2 + 1) ( x 2 )( x + 2 ) =
4 16 16 1
x= x=
8 2 = ( x 2 )( x + 2 ) ( x 2 + 1)
1 1 11.2. P ( x ) = x 4 6 x 2 + 8
S = ,
2 2
Se y = x 2 :
x4 6x2 + 8 = 0
Pg. 135
y2 6 y + 8 = 0
9.1. 4 x 4 25 x 2 + 6 = 0
Considerando x 2 = y : 6 36 32
y=
2
4 y 2 25 y + 6 = 0
62
25 252 96 25 529 y= y = 2 y = 4
y2 = y= 2
8 8 y 2 6 y + 8 = ( y 2 )( y 4 )
25 23
y= Como y = x 2 :
8
1 x 4 6 x 2 + 8 = ( x 2 2 )( x 2 4 ) =
y = 6 y = y = x2
4
1
( )( )
= x 2 x + 2 ( x 2 )( x + 2 )
x 2 = 6 x2 =
4
1 1 Pg. 136
x= 6x= 6x= x=
2 2 12. ( x 3)( x + 1) 0
1 1 x 3= 0 x =3; x + 2 = 0 x = 2
S = 6 , , , 6
2 2 x 2 3 +
9.2. 3x 4 2 x 2 8 = 0 x3 0 +
Considerando x 2 = y : (x + 2) 0 + + +
3 y2 2 y 8 = 0 (x 3) (x + 2) + 0 0 +
y=
2 4 + 96
y=
2 10

( x 3 )( x + 2 ) 0 x [ , 3]
2
6 6 S = [ 2 , 3]
4
y = 2 y = y = x2 13.1. x ( x + 3) 0
3
4 ( x 0 x + 3 0) ( x 0 x + 3 0)
x2 = 2 x2 =
3 ( x 0 x 3) ( x 0 x 3)
x= 2x= 2 x 0 x 3 x ] , 3] [ 0 , + [
{
S= 2 , 2 } S = ] , 3] [ 0 , + [
x 3 0 + 15.2. x 3 x < 0
x + + + 0 x ( x 2 1) < 0
x+3 0 + + + x ( x 1)( x + 1) < 0
x (x + 3) 0 + 0
x ] , 1[ ]0 , 1[
x ( x + 3) 0 x ] , 3] [ 0 , + [
x 1 0 1 +
S = ] , 3] [ 0 , + [
x 0 + + +
13.2. (1 x )( x 2 ) > 0
x+1 0 + + + + +
(1 x > 0 x 2 > 0 ) (1 x < 0 x 2 < 0 ) x1 0 +
( x < 1 x > 2) ( x > 1 x < 2) x (x 1) (x + 1) 0 + 0 0 +
x x ]1 , 2[ x ]1 , 2[ S = ] , 1[ ]0 , 1[
S = ]1 , 2[ 15.3. P ( x ) = x 3 x 2 4 x + 4 < 0
x 1 2 Divisores de 4: 1, 1, 2, 2, 4 e 4
1x + 0 P ( 1) = 6 ; P (1) = 0
x2 0 + 1 raiz de P(x)
(1 x) (x 2) 0 + 0 1 1 4 4
(1 x )( x 2 ) > 0 x ]1 , 2[ 1 1 0 4
1 0 4 0
x x + 4 x + 4 < 0 ( x 1) ( x 2 4 ) < 0
3 2
Pg. 137
( x 1)( x 2 )( x + 2 ) < 0
14.1. x 2 1 0 x 2 + 1 0
x (Condio universal) x ] , 2[ ]1 , 2[
S = x 2 1 2 +
14.2. ( x 1) 0 ( x 1) 0 x = 1
2 2
x1 0 + + +
S = {1} x2 0 +
14.3. x 2 5 x + 6 0 x+2 0 + + + + +
(x 1) (x 1) (x + 1) 0 + 0 0 +
5 25 24
x2 5x + 6 = 0 x = x = 2 x =3
2 S = ] , 2[ ]1 , 2[
x 2 5 x + 6 0 ( x 2 )( x 3) 0 15.4. x 3 3 x 2 > 6 2 x x 3 3 x 2 + 2 x 6 > 0
x 2 3 + Seja P ( x ) = x 3 3x 2 + 2 x 6
(x 2) 0 + + + Divisores de 6: 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 6 e 6
(x 3) 0 + P ( 1) = 12 ; P (1) = 6 ; P ( 2 ) = 30
(x 2) (x 3) + 0 0 + P ( 2 ) = 6 ; P ( 3) = 66 ; P ( 3) = 0
( x 2 )( x 3) 0 x ] , 2] [3 , +[ 3 uma raiz de P(x).
S = ] , 2] [3 , + [ 1 3 2 6
3 3 0 6
14.4. ( x 1) < ( x 1)( x + 1)
2
1 0 2 0
x 3 x + 2 x 6 > 0 ( x 3) ( x 2 + 2 ) > 0
3 2
( x 1) ( x 1)( x + 1) < 0
2
Como x 2 + 2 > 0, x , ento:

( x 1) ( x 1) ( x + 1) < 0
( x 3) ( x 2 + 2 ) > 0 x3> 0 x >3
( x 1)( 2 ) < 0
S = ]3 , + [
x 1 > 0 x > 1
S = ]1 , + [ 15.5. x 4 x 2 x 4 x 2 0
x 2 ( x 2 1) 0
15.1. 2 x 3 3 x 2 0
3 x 2 ( x 1)( x + 1) 0
x 2 ( 2 x 3) 0 x {0} , +
2 x ] , 1] {0} [1 , + [
3
x 0 + x 1 0 1 +
2 2
x + + + 0 + + +
x2 + 0 + + +
x1 0 +
2x 3 0 +
x+1 0 + + + + +
x2 (2x 3) 0 0 + 2
x (x 1) (x + 1) + 0 0 0 +
3
S = {0} , + S = ] , 1[ {0} ]1 , + [
2
15.6. x 3 + 9 x > 6 x 2 17.1. P ( x ) = x 3 8 ; P ( 2 ) = 0

x3 6 x 2 + 9 x > 0 1 0 0 8
x ( x 6x + 9) > 0
2 2 2 4 8
1 2 4 0
x ( x 3) > 0
2
x + 2x + 4 = 0
2
x ]0 , 3[ ]3 , + [ x=
2 4 16

2
x 0 3 +
x
x 0 + + +
P ( x ) = ( x 2) ( x2 + 2x + 4)
(x 3)2 + + + 0 +
x (x 3)2 0 + 0 + 17.2. P ( x ) = x 3 + 5 x 2 x 5 ; P ( 5 ) = 0
1 5 1 5
S = ]0 , 3[ ]3 , + [ 5 5 0 5
1 0 1 0
Pg. 139 P ( x ) = ( x + 5 ) ( x 2 1) = ( x + 5 )( x 1)( x + 1)
Atividades complementares 17.3. P ( x ) = x 3 + 19 x 2 42 x =
16.1. A ( x ) = 0 3 x 2 + 7 x + 2 = 0
= x ( x 2 + 19 x 42 ) =
7 49 24 7 5
x= x= 19 192 + 168
6 6 x 2 + 19 x 42 = 0 x =
2
1
x = 2 x = 19 23
3 x= x = 21 x = 2
2
1
A ( x ) = 3 x + ( x + 2) P ( x ) = x ( x 2 )( x + 21)
3
16.2. B ( x ) = 0 2 x 2 + 9 x + 4 = 0 17.4. P ( x ) = x 4 + x 3 3 x 2 x + 2
1 1 3 1 2
9 81 32 9 7 1 1 2 1 2
x= x=
4 4 1 2 1 2 0
1 1 1 3 2
x = 4 x = 1 3 2 0
2
x 2 + 3x + 2 = 0
1
B ( x ) = 2 ( x + 4) x + 3 9 8
2 x= x = 2 x = 1
2
16.3. C ( x ) = 0 6 x 2 + 19 x + 10 = 0
P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x + 1)( x + 2 )
2
19 19 240 19 11
2
x= x= 18. Por exemplo:
12 12
18.1. P ( x ) = ( x 1)
3
5 2
x= x=
18.2. P ( x ) = x 2 ( x 1)
2
2 3
5 2
C ( x ) = 6 x + x + 19.1. P ( x ) = x 3 2 x 2 5 x + 6
2 3
16.4. D ( x ) = 0 12 x 2 + 19 x + 4 = 0 Divisores de 6: 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 6 e 6
P ( 1) = 8 ; P (1) = 0 ; P ( 2 ) = 0
19 192 192 19 13
x= x= P ( 2 ) = 4 ; P ( 3) = 24 ; P ( 3) = 0
24 24
4 1 P(x) do 3. grau e tem as razes 1, 2 e 3.
x= x= Logo, P ( x ) = ( x 1)( x + 2 )( x 3) .
3 4
4 1 19.2. P ( x ) = x 3 + 3 x 2 6 x 8
D ( x ) = 12 x + x +
3 4 Divisores de 8: 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 8 e 8
16.5. E ( x ) = 0 8 x 2 3 x 5 = 0 P ( 1) = 0
3 9 + 169 3 13 1 uma raiz de P(x).
x= x=
16 16 1 3 6 8
5 1 1 2 8
x = 1 x = 1 2 8 0
8
2 4 + 32
5 x2 + 2x 8 = 0 x =
E ( x ) = 8 ( x 1) x + 2
8
x = 4 x = 2
16.6. F ( x ) = 9 x 2 + 6 x + 1 =
P ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x + 4 )( x 2 )
= ( 3 x ) + 2 3 x + 12 =
2
19.3. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 + x 2 4 x 3
= ( 3 x + 1) = ( 3 x + 1)( 3 x + 1)
2
Divisores de 3: 1, 1, 3 e 3
P ( 1) = 0 2 x 2 + 13 x + 6 = 0
1 uma raiz de P(x) 13 169 48 13 11
x= x=
2 1 4 3 4 4
1 2 1 3 1
2 1 3 0 x = 6 x =
2
2x2 x 3 = 0
2 x 3 + 11x 2 7 x 6 = 0
1 1 + 24
x= x = 1 x = 6 x =
1
4 2
1 5 3
x= x = x = 1 1
4 2 S = 6 , , 1
2
3
P ( x ) = ( x + 1) x ( x + 1) 22.1. x 3 + 3 x 2 + x = 3 x3 + 3 x 2 + x + 3 = 0
2
P ( x ) = x 3 + 3x 2 + x + 3
2 3
= ( x + 1) x Divisores de 3: 1, 1, 3 e 3
2
P ( 1) = 4 ; P (1) = 8 ; P ( 3) = 0
20.1. P ( x ) = x x 2 x + 2
3 2
1 3 1 3
Divisores de 2: 1, 1, 2 e 2 3 3 0 3
P ( 1) = 2 ; P (1) = 0 1 0 1 0
x + 3x + x + 3 = 0 ( x + 3) ( x 2 + 1) = 0
3 2
1 uma raiz de P(x).
1 1 2 2 x + 3 = 0 x2 + 1 = 0
1 1 0 2
x = 3 x x = 3
1 0 2 0
S = {3}
P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x 2 ) = ( x 1) x 2 ( 2 )
2
2
22.2. x 3 x 2 = x 1 x 3 x 2 x + 1 = 0
(
P ( x ) = ( x 1) x 2 x + 2 )( ) P ( x ) = x3 x 2 x + 1
20.2. P ( x ) = x 3x + x + 1
3 2 Divisores de 1: 1 e 1
P ( 1) = 0
Divisores de 1: 1 e 1
1 1 1 1
P (1) = 0 1 1 2 1
1 3 1 1 1 2 1 0
1 1 2 1 x 3 x 2 x + 1 = 0 ( x 1) ( x 2 2 x + 1) = 0
1 2 1 0
x 1 = 0 ( x 1) = 0
2
x2 2x 1 = 0
2 4+4 22 2 x = 1 x = 1
x= x=
2 2 S = {1 , 1}
x =1 2 x =1+ 2 23.1. 7 x 4 30 x 2 + 8 = 0 7 y 2 30 y + 8 = 0 x2 = y
(
P ( x ) = ( x 1) x 1 + 2 x 1 2 )( ) 30 900 224 30 26
y= y=
21.1. P ( x ) = x 3 x + x + 4
4 3 2
14 14
2 2
Divisores de 4: 1, 1, 2, 2, 4 e 4 y = y = 4 x2 = x2 = 4 y = x2
7 7
P ( 1) = 9 ; P (1) = 3 ; P ( 2 ) = 48 ; P ( 2 ) = 0
2 2
Verificao se 2 uma raiz dupla: x= x= x = 2 x = 2
7 7
1 3 1 0 4
2 2 2 2 4 2 7 2 7
x= x= x = 2 x = 2
1 1 1 2 0 7 7
2 2 2 2
14 14
1 1 1 0 x= x= x = 2 x = 2
7 7
1 1 4
x2 + x + 1 = 0 x = x
2 14 14
S = 2 , , , 2
x 4 3 x3 + x 2 + 4 = 0 ( x 2 ) ( x 2 + x + 1) = 0
2 2
7 7
23.2. 12 x 4 20 x 2 = 8 12 x 4 20 x 2 8 = 0 x2 = y
x=2
12 y 20 y 8 = 0 3 y 5 y 2 = 0
2 2
S = {2}
5 25 + 24 1
21.2. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 + 11x 2 7 x 6 y= y = 2 y = y = x2
6 3
Divisores de 6: 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 6 e 6 1
x2 = 2 x2 = x = 2 x = 2 x
P (1) = 0 3
2 11 7 6 x= 2x= 2
{ }
1 2 13 6
2 13 6 0 S= 2 , 2
24.1. P ( x ) = 2 x 4 + 13x 2 15 26.2. ( x 2 )( x 3) x 2 4

2 x 4 + 13 x 2 15 = 0 2 y 2 + 13 y 15 = 0 x2 = y ( x 2 )( x 3) ( x 2 )( x + 2 ) 0
2 y + 13 y 15 = 0
2
( x 2 ) ( x 3) ( x + 2 ) 0
13 169 + 120 ( x 2 )( 5 ) 0
y=
4
5( x 2) 0
13 17 15
y= y = y =1
4 2 x2
2 y 2 + 13 y 15 = 2 ( y + 15 )( y 2 ) y=x 2 S = [ 2, + [
27.1. ( 2 x 3) 0 2 x 3 = 0
2
15
2 x 4 + 13x 2 15 = 2 x 2 + ( x 2 1) =
2 3
x=
= ( 2 x 2 + 15 ) ( x 1)( x + 1) 2
P ( x ) = ( 2 x 2 + 15 ) ( x 1)( x + 1) 3
S=
2
24.2. Q ( x ) = x 4 + x 2 2 x 4 + x 2 2 = 0 x2 = y
( )
3
27.2. x 2 >0 x 2 >0 x> 2
1 1 + 9
y + y2=0 y =
2

2 S = 2 , +
y = 1 y = 2
27.3. ( x 1) < 0 x
4
y 2 + y 2 = ( y 1)( y + 2 ) y = x2
S =
x 4 + x 2 2 = ( x 2 1)( x 2 + 2 ) = ( x 1)( x + 1) ( x 2 + 2 )
28.1. P ( x ) = x3 2 x 2 + x =
25.1. ( x 5 )( x + 2 ) 0 x ] , 2] [5 , + [
= x ( x 2 2 x + 1) =
x 2 5 +
= x ( x 1)
2
x5 0 +
x 3 2 x 2 + x 0 x ( x 1) 0
2
x+2 + 0
(x 5) (x + 2) 0 + 0 x 0 1 +
S = ] , 2] [5 , + [ x 0 + + +
( x 1)
2
(
25.2. x 2 ( x + 3) < 0 ) + + + 0 +
x 2x + x
3 2
0 + 0 +
( )
x 2 ( x + 3) > 0 x 2 , 3
S = ] , 0] {1}
x 2 3 +
28.2. 2 x3 + 9 x 2 + 7 x 6 0
x 2 0 + + + 2 9 7 6
x + 3 + + + 0 2 4 10 6
( x 2 ) ( x + 3) 0 + 0
2 5 3 0
2x2 + 5x 3 = 0
S = 2 , 3 5 25 + 24 5 7
x= x=
4 4
26.1. 2 x 2 x 1 = 0
1
1 1+ 8 1 3 x = 3 x =
x= x= 2
4 4
2 x3 + 9 x 2 + 7 x 6 0
1
x = x =1 1
2 2 ( x + 2 )( x + 3) x 0
2
1
2 x 2 x 1 0 2 x + ( x 1) 0 1
2 x ] , 3] 2 ,
2
1
, [1 , + [ 1
2 x 3 2 2 +
1
x 1 +
x+2 0 + + +
2 x+3 0 + + + + +
1 1
x+ 0 + + + x 0 +
2 2
x1 0 + 2x + 9x + 7 x 6
3 2
0 + 0 0 +
2x x 1
2
+ 0 0 + 1
S = ] , 3] 2 ,
1 2
S = , [1 , + [
2
28.3. x 3 x 2 + 9 x 9 > 0 6 36 + 64
4x2 6x 4 = 0 x =
x 2 ( x 1) + 9 ( x 1) > 0 8
( x 1) ( x 2 + 9 ) > 0 x=
6 10
x = 2 x =
1
8 2
x 1 > 0 (x 2
+ 9 > 0, x )
1 1
P ( x ) = 4 x x + ( x 2 )
x >1 2 2
S = ]1 , + [ 34.4. P ( x ) = x 5 5 x 3 + 4 x = x ( x 4 5 x 2 + 4 )
x4 5x2 + 4 = 0 x2 = y
Pg. 140 y2 5 y + 4 = 0
29.1. P(x) tem trs zeros distintos: 3, 2 e 1
5 25 16
29.2. 2 tem multiplicidade 2 porque 2 o maior nmero natural y=
2
para o qual P(x) divisvel por ( x + 2 )
2
y = 1 y = 4
Por exemplo, ( x 2 + 2 ) ( x 2 ) . y 5 5 y + 4 = ( y 1)( y 4 )
2
30. y = x2
31.1. x 3 x 2 > 0 x 2 ( x 1) > 0 x 4 5 x 2 + 4 = ( x 2 + 1)( x 2 4 )

x ]1 , + [ P ( x ) = x ( x 2 1)( x 2 4 ) = x ( x 1)( x + 1)( x 2 )( x + 2 )
x 0 1 + 34.5. P ( x ) = 36 x 4 13x 2 + 1
x2 + 0 + + + 36 x 4 13x 2 + 1 = 0 x2 = y
x1 0 + 36 y 2 13 y + 1 = 0
x2 (x 1) 0 0 +
13 132 144
y=
31.2. 1 x > 0 (1 x )(1 + x ) > 0
2
72
x ]1 , 1[ y= y=
1 1
9 4
x 1 1 +
1 1
1x + + + 0 36 y 2 13 y + 1 = 36 y y y = x2
9 4
1+x 0 + + +
1 1
1 x2 0 + 0 36 x 4 13 x 2 + 1 = 36 x 2 x 2
9 4
32.1. Uma potncia de expoente par sempre no negativa. 1 1 1 1
P ( x ) = 36 x x + x x +
32.2. Uma potncia de expoente mpar tem o sinal da base. 3 3 2 2
32.3. ( x 3) = 0 x = 3
6
34.6. P ( x ) = 4 x 3 + 3 x + 1
Se x 3, ( x 3) > 0 . Logo, ( x 3) 0 x = 3
6 6
P ( 1) = 2 ; P (1) = 0
33.1. 0 4 + 02 = 0 e, para x 0, x + x > 0 porque a soma de dois
4 2
4 0 3 1
nmeros positivos um nmero positivo. 1 4 4 1
33.2. x 2 n + x 2 n + 2 = ( x n ) + ( x n +1 )
2 2
4 4 1 0
4 16 16 1
A soma de dois quadrados nula se e somente se as bases 4 x 2 4 x 1 = 0 x = x=
8 2
forem nulas. 2
1
7 49 24 P ( x ) = 4 ( x 1) x +
34.1. x 2 7 x + 6 = 0 x = 2
2
75 35.1. P ( x ) = x + 5 x + 8 x + 4
3 2
x= x = 6 x =1
2 1 5 8 4
2 2 6 4
P ( x ) = ( x 1)( x 6 )
1 3 2 0
5 25 24 2 2 2
34.2. 6 x 5 x + 1 = 0 x =
2
1 1 0
12
P ( x ) = ( x + 2 ) ( x + 1)
2
4 6 1 1
x= x= x= x=
12 12 3 2 2 tem grau de multiplicidade 2.
1 1 35.2. P ( x ) = 2 x 5 + 8 x 4 32 x 2 32 x
P ( x ) = 6 x x
3 2 2 8 0 32 32 0
34.3. P ( x ) = 4 x 3 8 x 2 x + 2 2 4 8 16 22 0
2 4 8 16 0 0
4 8 1 2
2 4 0 16 0
1 2 0 8 0 0
2 3 2
2 2 4 8 0
4 6 4 0 2 4 0 0
P ( x ) = ( x + 2) ( 2x2 4 x )
3
P ( x ) = ( x 1)( x 8 ) ( x 2 + 3 x + 26 )
P ( x ) = 2x ( x + 2) ( x 2)
3 P ( x) = 0 x = 1 x = 8
2 tem grau de multiplicidade 3. S = {1 , 8}

36. P ( x ) = x 3 + 2 x 2 13 x + 10 39. P ( x ) = x 4 5 x 3 7 x 2 + 41x 30
36.1. 2 4 + 12
1 2 13 10 x2 + 2x 3 = 0 x =
2
1 1 3 10
1 3 10 0 x = 3 x = 1
P ( 3) = P (1) = 0
3 9 + 40
x 2 + 3 x 10 = 0 x = 1 5 7 41 30
2
1 1 4 11 30
x = 5 x = 2 1 4 11 30 0
S = {5 , 1 , 2} 3 3 21 30
1 7 10 0
36.2. P ( x ) = ( x + 5 )( x 1)( x 2 )
7 49 40
37.1. (1 x )( 5 x 4 ) = 0 x 2 7 x + 10 = 0 x =
2
1 x = 0 5x 4 = 0 x = 2 x =5
x = 1 x =
4 P ( x ) = 0 x = 3 x = 1 x = 2 x = 5
5
S = {3 , 1 , 2 , 5}
4
S = 1 ,
40.1. ( x 1) ( 2 x 3) = 0
2 2
5
37.2. ( x 2 x ) ( 7 3 x ) = 0 ( x 1 2 x + 3)( x 1 + 2 x 3) = 0
x x = 0 7 3x = 0
2 x + 2 = 0 3x 4 = 0
x ( x 1) = 0 3 x = 7 x = 2 x =
4
3
7
x = 0 x = 1 x = 4
3 S = , 2
7 3
S = 0 , 1 ,
3 40.2. ( x 3 + x )( 8 x 2 2 x 1) = 0
37.3. ( x 2 2 x + 1)( 25 x 2 ) = 0 x3 + x = 0 8x 2 2 x 1 = 0
2 4 + 32
x 2 2 x + 1 = 0 25 x 2 = 0 x ( x 2 + 1) = 0 x =
16
( x 1) = 0 x 2 = 25
2
26
x = 1 x = 5 x = 5 x = 0 x2 + 1 = 0 x =
16
S = {5 , 1 , 5} 1 1
x = 0 x x = x =
9 81 32 4 2
38.1. x 2 9 x + 8 = 0 x = x = 1 x = 8
2 1 1
x = x =0 x =
x 2 9 x + 8 = ( x 1)( x 8) 4 2
1 1
P ( x ) = x 4 6 x 3 + 7 x 2 + mx + n S = , 0 ,
4 2
P(x) divisvel por x 1 e por x 8
40.3. P ( x ) = x 4 3 x 3 2 x 2 + 12 x 8
P (1) = 0 1 6 + 7 + m + n = 0
4 1 3 2 12 8
P ( 8 ) = 0 8 6 8 + 7 8 + 8m + n
3 2
2 2 2 8 8
1 1 4 4 0
m + n + 2 = 0 2 2 2 4

8m + n + 1472 = 0 1 1 2 0
Logo, m + n = 2. 1 1 + 8
x +x2=0 x=
2

n = m 2 n = m 2 n = 208 2
38.2.
8m m 2 + 1472 = 0 7 m = 1470 m = 210 x = 2 x = 1
P ( x ) = 0 ( x 2 ) ( x + 2 )( x 1) = 0
2
P ( x ) = x 4 6 x3 + 7 x 2 210 x + 208
1 6 7 210 208 x = 2 x = 2 x = 1
1 1 5 2 208 S = {2 , 1 , 2}
1 5 2 208 0
8 8 24 208
1 3 26 0 Pg. 141
x + 3 x + 26 = 0 x =
2 3 9 104
41. P ( x ) = x 3 3 x 2 + 25 x + 75
2
P ( 3) = 0
x
1 3 25 75 1 1 + 48
3 3 0 75 43.2. x 2 + x 12 = 0 x = x = 4 x = 3
1 0 25 0 2
P ( x ) = 0 ( x + 3) ( x 2 + 25 ) = 0 x 2 + x 12 0
( x + 4 )( x 3) 0
x + 3 = 0 x 2 + 25 = 0
( x + 4 0 x 3 0) ( x + 4 0 x 3 0)
x = 3 x = 5 x = 5
S = {5 , 3 , 5} ( x 4 x 3) ( x 4 x 3)
42.1. ( x + 2 )( x + 3) > 0 x 4 x 3
x [ 4 , 3]
( x + 2 > 0 x + 3 > 0) ( x + 2 < 0 x + 3 < 0)
S = [ 4 , 3]
( x > 2 x > 3) ( x < 2 x < 3)
x > 2 x < 3 6 36 32
43.3. x 2 6 x + 8 = 0 x = x = 2 x = 4
x ] , 3[ ]2 , + [ 2
x2 + 6x 8 0
S = ] , 3[ ]2 , + [
x2 6x + 8 0
( )
42.2. ( 2 x ) x 2 < 0 ( x 2 )( x 4 ) 0
( 2 x < 0 x 2 > 0) ( 2 x > 0 x ( x 2 0 x 4 0) ( x 2 0 x 4 0)

)
2<0
( x 2 x 4) ( x 2 x 4)
(x > 2 x > 2) (x < 2 x < 2)
x 2 x 4
x > 2 x < 2 x [ 2 , 4]
x , 2 ]2 , + [ S = [ 2 , 4]
S = , 2 ]2 , + [ 44.1. ( x 3) > 0 x 3 0 x 3
4
42.3. 2 x 2 + 7 x < 0 x ( 2 x + 7 ) < 0 x \ {3}

( x < 0 2x + 7 > 0) ( x > 0 2x + 7 < 0) S = \ {3}
7 7 44.2. ( x 3) ( x 1) < 0
2
x<0 x > x >0 x<
2 2
x 1 3 +
7
< x < 0 x ( x 3)
2
2 + + + 0 +
7 x1 0 + + +
x , 0
2 P 0 + 0 +
( x 3) + ( x 1) < 0 x ] , 1[
2
7
S = , 0
2 S = ] , 1[
(
42.4. ( x 3)( 2 x ) x + 2 > 0 ) 44.3. x 3 6 x 0
x , 2 ]2 , 3[ x ( x2 6) 0
x 2 2 3 + (
x x 6 x+ 6 0 )( )
x 3 0 + x 6 0 6 +
2x + + + 0 x 0 + + +
x+ 2 0 + + + + + x 6 0 + + + + +
P + 0 0 + 0 x+ 6 0 +
S = , 2 ]2 , 3[ P 0 + 0 0 +
5 25 16 x 2 6 x 0 x 6 , 0 6 , +
43.1. x 2 5 x + 4 = 0 x = x = 1 x = 4
2 S = 6 , 0 6 , +
x 2 5 x + 4 > 0 ( x 1)( x 4 ) > 0
44.4. x 5 + 2 x 4 + x3 < 0
( x 1 > 0 x 4 > 0) ( x 1 < 0 x 4 < 0)
x 3 ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) < 0
( x > 1 x > 4) ( x < 1 x < 4)
x 3 ( x + 1) < 0
2
x > 4 x <1
x ] , 1[ ]4 , + [ x < 0 x 1
x ] , 1[ ]1 , 0[
S = ] , 1[ ]4 , + [
S = ] , 1[ ]1 , 0[
45. P ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c P( x) < 0
P ( 0 ) = 20 c = 20 x ]1 , 2[ ]2 , 10[

P (1) + P ( 2 ) = 18 a + b + c + 4a + 2b + c = 18 S = ]1 , 2[ ]2 , 10[
a + b + c 3 4a + 2b + c = 6
P (1) 3P ( 2 ) = 6 ( ) 47. P ( x ) = x3 6 x 2 + 3 x + 10
c = 20 c = 20 Divisores de 10: 1, 1, 2, 2, 5, 5, 10 e 10
P ( 1) = 0 ; P (1) = 8 ; P ( 2 ) = 28 ; P ( 2 ) = 0
5a + 3b = 18 + 40 5a + 3b = 22
a + b 12a 6b + c 3c = 6 11a 5b = 6 40
P ( 5) = 280 ; P ( 5 ) = 0
P ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x 2 )( x 5 )
c = 20
c = 20 47.1. P ( x ) = 0 x = 1 x = 2 x = 5
22 5a
3b = 22 5a b =
3 S = {1 , 2 , 5}
11a + 5b = 34
22 5a 47.2. P ( x ) 0 ( x + 1)( x 2 )( x 5 ) 0
11a + 5 = 34
3
x 1 2 5 +
c = 20 c = 20
c = 20 x+1 0 + + + + +
22 5a 22 5a
b = b = b = 9 x2 0 + + +
3 3 a = 1
33a + 110 25a = 102 8a = 8 x5 0 +
P(x) 0 + 0 0 +
P ( x ) = x 2 + 9 x 20
P ( x ) = 0 x 2 + 9 x 20 = 0 P( x) > 0
x [ 1 , 2] [5 , + [
9 81 80
x= S = [ 1 , 2] [5 , + [
2
x = 4 x =5 48. P ( x ) = x 5 2 x 4 + x3 2 x 2 2 x + 4
P ( x ) < 0 ( x 4 )( x 5 ) < 0 48.1.
( x 4 )( x 5 ) > 0 1 2 1 2 2 4
2 2 0 2 0 4
( x 4 > 0 x 5 > 0) ( x 4 < 0 x 5 < 0) 1 0 1 0 2 0
( x > 4 x > 5 ) ( x < 4 x < 5) Q ( x ) = x4 + x2 2
x > 5 x < 4 x ] , 4[ ]5 , + [ Q ( 2 ) = 24 + 22 2 = 18
S = ] , 4[ ]5 , + [ P ( x ) = ( x 2) Q ( x ) e Q ( 2) 0
46.1. Q ( x ) = x 2 9 x 10 Q ( x ) = x4 + x2 2
9 81 + 40 48.2. Q ( x ) = x 4 + x 2 2 = y = x2
x 2 9 x 10 = 0 x =
2 = y2 + y 2
9 11 y2 + y 2 = 0
x= x = 1 x = 10
2
1 1 + 8
Q ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x 10 ) y=
2
P ( x ) = x 4 13 x3 + 30 x 2 + 4 x 40 y = 2 y = 1
1 13 30 4 40 y 2 + y 2 = ( y + 2 )( y 1) y = x2
1 1 14 44 40
1 14 44 40 0 x4 + x 2 =
10 10 40 40 = ( x 2 + 2 )( x 2 1) =
1 4 4 0
S ( x) = x2 4x + 4 = ( x 2 + 2 ) ( x 1)( x + 1)
4 16 16 P ( x ) = ( x 2 )( x 1)( x + 1) ( x 2 + 2 )
46.2. x 2 4 x + 4 = 0 x =
2 48.3. x 2 + x > 0, x
x=2
x 1 1 2 +
x 4x + 4 = ( x 2)
2 2
x2 0 +
P ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x 10 )( x 2 )
2
x1 0 + + +
x+1 0 + + + + +
x 1 2 10 +
P(x) 0 + 0 0 +
x+1 0 + + + + +
x 10 0 + P ( x ) 0 x [ 1 , 1] [ 2 , + [
(x + 2) 2
+ + + 0 + + + S = [ 1 , 1] [ 2 , + [
P(x) + 0 0 0 +
49. P ( x ) = 4 x 5 + 8 x 4 + x3 5 x 2 x + 1 52.1. A ( x ) B ( x ) = C ( x )
49.1. (x 2
+ ax + 1) ( x 2 + bx + 1) = x 4 + 1
4 8 1 5 1 1
1 4 4 3 2 1 x 4 + bx 3 + x 2 + ax3 + abx 2 + ax + x 2 + bx + 1 = x 4 + 1
4 4 3 2 1 0 x 4 + ( a + b ) x 3 + ( ab + 2 ) x 2 + ( a + b ) x + 1 = x 4 + 1
1 4 0 3 1
4 0 3 1 0 a + b = 0 b = a b = a
2
1 4 4 1
ab + 2 = 0 a a = 2 a = a
4 4 1 0
1 4 0 b = a
4 0

10 a = 2 a = 2
1 tem grau de multiplicidade 3.
a = 2 e b = 2 ou a = 2 e b = 2
49.2. P ( x ) = ( x + 1) ( 4 x 2 4 x + 1)
3
(
52.2. C ( x ) = x 2 2 x + 1 x 2 + 2 x + 1)( )
= ( x + 1) ( 2 x 1)
3 2
( )
2
Como 2 4 = 2 < 0 , os polinmios x 2 2 x + 1 e
1
2x 1 = 0 x =
2 x 2 + 2 x + 1 ao tem razes.
1 53. P ( x ) = x n + 2 2 x n +1 + x n x 2 + 2 x 1, n
x 1 +
2
53.1. P ( 2 ) = 2n + 2 2 ( 2 ) + 2n 2 2 + 2 ( 2 ) 1 =
n +1
( x 1)
3
0 + + +
= 2n + 2 21 2n +1 + 2n 4 + 4 1 =
( 2 x 1)
2
+ + + 0 + = 2n + 2 2n +1+1 + 2 n 1 =
P 0 + 0 + = 2n + 2 2n + 2 + 2n 1 =
1 = 2n 1
P ( x ) 0 x ] , 1] 53.2. P ( x ) = x n x 2 2 x n x + x n ( x 2 2 x + 1) =
2

1 = x n ( x 2 2 x + 1) ( x 2 2 x + 1) =
S = ] , 1]
2
= ( x 2 2 x + 1)( x n 1) =
50. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 + 7 x 2 + ax b
= ( x 1) ( x n 1)
2
50.1.
2 7 a b 53.3. P (1) = (1 1) (1n 1) = 0 0 = 0
2
2 4 6 2a + 12
2 3 a6 2a b +12 Vimos que 1 raiz de x 1 e de xn 1.
2 4 2 Vamos dividir x n 1 por x 1.
2 1 a4
x n 1 = x n + 0 x n 1 + 0 x n 2 + ... + 0 x 1
a 4 = 0 a = 4 n 1 zeros

2a b + 12 = 0 8 b + 12 = 0 n 1 zeros
a = 4 1 0 0 0 0 1

b = 4 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 0
a=4eb=4
50.2. P ( x ) = ( x + 2 ) ( 2 x 1)
2 n termos
51. ax 3 4ax 2 + ( 3a + 1) x a + 1 = 0 x n 1 = ( x 1) ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1)

51.1. a 33 4a 32 + ( 3a + 1) 3 a + 1 = 0
Como P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x n 1) e substituindo x n 1 :
2
27 a 36a + 9a + 3 a + 1 = 0
P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x 1) ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1)
2
a + 4 = 0 a = 4
51.2. 4 x3 16 x 2 + 13 x 3 = 0 P ( x ) = ( x 1) Q ( x ) com Q ( x ) = x n 1 + x n + 2 + ... + x + 1
3
4 16 13 3 x parcelas
3 12 12 3
Q (1) = 1 + 1 + ... + 1 + 1 = n 1 = n
4 4 1 0
P ( x ) = ( x 1) Q ( x ) com Q (1) 0
3
1
4 x 4 x + 1 = 0 ( 2 x 1) = 0 x =
2 2
2
A raiz 1 tem multiplicidade 3.
1
S = , 3
2 Pg. 142
52. A ( x ) = x 2 + ax + 1
Avaliao 4
B ( x ) = x 2 + bx + 1 1. ( x + 1)
2
> 0 x + 1 0 x 1
C ( x ) = x4 + 1 x \ {1}
(x 2
1) 0 ( x 1)( x + 1) 0 7. P ( x ) = x4 + x2 + k
( x 1 0 x + 1 0) ( x 1 0 x + 1 0) P ( a ) = a4 + a2 + k
( x 1 x 1) ( x 1 x 1) P ( a ) = ( a ) + ( a ) + k = a 4 + a 2 + k = P ( a )
4 2
1 x 1 x x [ 1 , 1] P(x) divisvel por x a

P ( a ) = 0 P ( a ) = 0
(x 2
+ 4 ) ( x + 1) 0
2
P ( x ) divisvel por x + a.
( x + 1) 0
2
( x , x 2
+ 4 > 0)
Resposta: (B)
x + 1 = 0 x = 1
Sabemos que P ( x ) = ( x 3) Q ( x ) como Q ( 3) 0
2
8.
S = {1}
Se P ( x ) = ( x 3) Q ( x ) , ento Q ( x ) = ( x 3) Q1 ( x )
1
Resposta: (C)
2. P ( x ) = a ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3)( x 4 )( x 5 ) pelo que Q ( 3) = 0
P (6) = 1 a 5 4 3 2 1 = 1 Resposta: (B)

( x 2 ) ( x 1)
2 3
1 9. 0
a=
120 x 1 2 +
1
P ( x) = ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3)( x 4 )( x 5) ( x 2)
2
+ + + 0 +
120
( x 1)
3
1 0 + + +
P (0) = ( 0 1)( 0 2 )( 0 3)( 0 4 )( 0 5) =
120 P 0 + 0 +
1
= ( 1) ( 2 ) ( 3) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) = S = ] , 1] {2}
120
1 Resposta: (C)
= ( 120 ) = 1
120 10. P ( x ) = 2 x 4 5x3 2 x 2 4 x + k
Resposta: (C)
( 2 x 1) = 2 x
1
3. A ( x ) = x3 2 x 4 ; A ( 2 ) = 0
2
1 0 2 4
1
2 2 4 4 P = 0
1 2 2 0 2
4 3 2
2 4 8 1 1 1 1
x2 + 2x + 2 = 0 x = 2 5 2 4 + k = 0
2 2 2 2 2
x 1 5 1
2+k =0 k =3
S = {2} 8 8 2
Resposta: (D) Resposta: (A)
4. Seja P ( x ) = 2 x 3 x 2 2 x + 1
Pg. 143
11. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 4 x 2 + mx + 4
Verifiquemos se 1 ou 1 so razes de P(x)
2 1 2 1 1
11.1. 2 x 1 = 2 x
1 2 3 1 2
2 3 1 0
1
1 2 1 P = 3
2 1 0 2
2 x3 x 2 2 x + 1 = 0 1
3
1 1
2
2 4 + m + 4 = 3
( x + 1)( x 1)( 2 x 1) = 0 2 2 2
1 2 m
x = 1 x = 1 x = 1+ +1 =0
2 8 2
Resposta: (D) 1 2m
+ = 0 2m = 1
P ( x ) = ( x 1)( x 2 ) ( x 3) Q ( x ) ; 1 + 2 + 3 = 6
2 3
5. 4 4
1
P (x) tem grau maior ou igual a 6. m=
2
Resposta: (A) 11.2. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 4 x 2 2 x + 4
6. P ( x ) = x 2 + ax 4 ; Q ( x ) = ( x + b )( x b ) = x 2 b 2
2 4 2 4
a = 0 a = 0 2 4 0 4
P ( x) = Q ( x) 2 2 0 2 0
b = 4 b = 2 b = 2
P ( x ) = ( x 2 ) ( x 1) = 2 ( x 2 ) ( x 2 1) =
2
a = 0 ( b = 2 b = 2 )
= 2 ( x 2 )( x 1)( x + 1)
Resposta: (A)
11.3. 2 x3 4 x 2 2 x + 4 0 16. P ( x ) = 2 x 3 7 x 2 4 x + k
2 ( x 2 )( x 1)( x + 1) 0 x ] , 1] [1 , 2] 16.1.
x 1 1 2 + 2 7 4 k
2 4 6 4
x2 0 + 2 3 2 k4
x1 0 + + + 2 4 2
x+1 0 + + + + +
2 1 0
k 4=0k =4
P(x) 0 + 0 0 +
16.2. P ( x ) = ( x + 2 ) ( 2 x + 1)
2
S = ] , 1] [1 , 2]
P ( x ) 2 x = 4 ( x + 2 ) ( 2 x + 1) 2 x 4 = 0
2
12. 2 x 4 + 7 x 3 2 x 2 13 x + 6 = 0
( x + 2 ) ( 2 x + 1) 2 ( x + 2 ) = 0
2
2 7 2 13 6
1
1 4 1 6 ( x + 2 ) ( ( x + 2 )( 2 x + 1) 2 ) = 0
2
2 8 2 12 0 ( x + 2 ) ( 2 x 2 + x 4 x + 2 2 ) = 0
2 4 8 12
2 4 6 0 ( x + 2 ) ( 2 x 2 3 x ) = 0
2x + 4x 6 = 0 x + 2x 3 = 0
2 2
x ( x + 2 )( 2 x 3) = 0
2 4 + 12 3
x= x = 3 x = 1 x = 0 x = 2 x =
2 2
1
S = 3 , 2 ,
2
, 1
{x : P ( x ) 2 x = 4} = 2 ,
3
, 0
2
13. x4 + x2 6 0 17. P ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c
x4 + x2 6 = 0 x2 = y
P ( 3) = 0 9a 3b + c = 0 c = 3
y + y6=02

P ( 0) + 3 = 0 c + 3 = 0 a + b = 11
1 1 + 24 c + a + b + c = 5 9a 3b = 3
y= y = 3 y = 2
2 P ( 0 ) + P (1) = 5
y 2 + y 6 = ( y + 3)( y 2 ) y = x2 c = 3 c = 3 c = 3 c = 3

x + x 6 = ( x + 3)( x 2 )
4 2 2 2 b = 11 a b = 11 a b = 11 a b = 8
3a b = 1 3a 11 a = 1 4a = 12 a = 3
x4 + x2 6 0
( )
P ( x ) = 3x + 8 x 3
2
( x 2 + 3)( x 2 2 ) 0 x , x 2 + 3 > 0
18. P ( x ) = x 3 bx 2 + bx 4 ; P ( b ) = 0
(
x 2 x+ 2 0 )( ) b3 b b 2 + bb 4 = 0 b 2 = 4 b = 2 b = 2
x 2 , 2 19. P ( x ) = x 4 ax 2 + ( a 1) x , a
x 2 2 + 19.1. P ( 3) = 0 81 9a + 3 ( a 1) = 0
x 2 0 + 81 9a + 3a 3 = 0
x+ 2 0 + + + 6a + 78 = 0 a = 13
P + 0 0 + 19.2. P ( x ) = x 4 13 x 2 + 12 x =
= x ( x3 13 x + 13)
S = 2 , 2
1 0 13 12
P ( x ) = ( x + 2 ) ( ax + b )
2
14. 3 3 9 12
1 3 4 0
P ( 1) = 4 a + b = 4 a = 1 4 a = 3 x 2 + 3x 4 = 0

P ( 0 ) = 4 4b = 4 b = 1 b = 1 3 9 + 16
x=
P ( x ) = ( x + 2 ) ( 3 x + 1)
2
2
x = 4 x = 1
15. P ( y 1) = y 2 5 y + 6
P ( x ) = x ( x 3)( x 1)( x + 4 )
x = y 1 y = x +1
20. P ( x ) = 2 x 4 + ax3 + bx 2 + c ; a , b
P ( x ) = ( x + 1) 5 ( x + 1) + 6
2
P ( 1) = 0 2 a + b + c = 0 a + b = 3
P ( x ) = x2 + 2x + 1 5x 5 + 6
P ( 0 ) = 1 c = 1 c = 1
P ( x ) = x 2 3x + 2 2 + a + b + c = 4 a + b = 1
P (1) = 4
P ( x ) = 0 x 2 3x + 2 = 0
c = 1 c = 1
3 98
x= x = 1 x = 2 a = b + 3 a = 2
2 b + 3 + b = 1 b = 1

S = {1 , 2}
P ( x ) = 2 x 4 + 2 x3 x 2 + 1 22.2. P ( x ) = x 3 27 x + 54 =
2 2 1 0 1
= ( x 3) ( x + 6 )
2
1 2 0 1 1
( x 3) ( x + 6 ) > 0
2
2 0 1 1 0 x , ( x 3) 0
2
1 2 2 1
2 2 1 0 x 3 x + 6 > 0
P ( x ) = ( x + 1) ( 2 x 2 x + 1)
2 2 x 3 x > 6
x ]6 , 3[ ]3 , + [
Q ( x ) = 2x2 2x + 1
S = ]6 , 3[ ]3 , + [
Q ( 1) = 2 + 2 + 2 = 5
23. A ( x ) = ax 3 8 x 2 + ( 2a + 1) x 2
P ( x ) = ( x + 1) Q ( x ) com Q ( 1) = 5 0
2
2
21. P ( x ) = x 3 ax 2 bx + b 3x 2 = 3 x
3
21.1. x 2 4 = ( x 2 )( x + 2 ) 2
P = 0
P ( 2 ) = 0 8 4a + 2b + b = 0 3
3 2
P ( 2 ) = 0 8 4a 2b + b = 0 2 2 2
a 8 + ( 2a + 1) 2 = 0
3 3 3
4a + 3b = 8 4a 12a + 24 = 8
8 4 4 2
4 a b = 8 b = 4a + 8 a 8 + a + 2 = 0
27 9 3 3
16a = 16 a = 1 8a 36a 32 6 18
+ = +
b = 4a + 8 b = 4 27 27 9 9 9
a=1eb=4 449 44
= 44a = 44 3 a = 3
21.2. x2 + 4 no tem razes. 27 9
( 3)
x3 ax2 bx + b x2 + 4
x3 4x xa A ( x ) = 3x 8 x 2 + 7 x 2
3
ax2 + (b 4)x b 3 8 7 2
ax2 + 4a 2
(b 4)x + 4a + b 2 4 2
3
b 4 = 0 b = 4
( b 4 ) x + 4a + b = 0 3 6 3 0
4 a + b = 0 a = 1 3x 2 6 x + 3 = 0
a=1eb=4 x2 2x + 1 = 0
21.3. 4 uma raiz dupla. ( x 1)
2
2
A ( x ) = 3 x ( x 1)
2
1 a b b
4 4 16 + 4a 64 16a + 4b 3
1 4 a 16 + 4a b 64 16a + 5b A( x ) > 2x 2
4 4 32 + 4a
2
1 8 a 48 + 8a b 3 x ( x 1) 2 ( x 1) > 0
2
64 16a + 5b = 0 16a + 5 ( 8a + 48 ) = 64 3

+ = ( x 1) ( 3 x 2 )( x 1) 2 > 0
48 8 a b 0 b = 8a + 48

16a + 40a + 240 = 64 24a = 176 ( x 1) ( 3 x 2 3 x 2 x + 2 2 ) > 0

b = 8a + 48 b = 8a + 48 ( x 1) ( 3 x 2 5 x ) > 0
22 22
176 a= a= x ( x 1)( 3 x 5 ) > 0
a = 3 3
24 5
b = 8a + 48 b = 8 22 32 +
+ 48 b = x 0 1 3
3 3
x 0 + + + + +
22 32
a= e b= x1 0 + + +
3 3
22. P ( x ) = x 3 + ax + b 3x 5 0 +
P 0 + 0 0 +
22.1.
1 0 a b 5
3 3 9 3a + 27 S = ]0 , 1[ , +
3
1 3 a + 9 3a + b +27
3 3 18 24. P ( x) = x 1
n
1 6 a + 27 24.1. P (1) = 1n 1 = 0
a + 27 = 0 a = 27 a = 27
Como P (1) = 0 , P(x) divisvel por x 1.
3a + b + 27 = 0 3 27 + b + 27 = 0 b = 54
Logo, existe um polinmio Q(x) tal que
a = 27 e b = 54
P ( x ) = ( x 1) Q ( x ) .
24.2. Vamos dividir x n 1 por x 1. Pg. 145

x n 1 = x n + 0 x n 1 + 0 x n 2 + ... + 0 x 1 8. d = 4 cm = dimetro da esfera
= dimetro espacial do cubo
n 1 zeros
8.1. Seja a o comprimento da aresta do cubo.
n 1 zeros
a 2 + a 2 + a 2 = d 2 3a 2 = d 2
1 1 2 1
1 0 0 0 0 1 a2 = d 2 a = d a= d
1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 3
a= d a= d ; a>0ed>0
n termos 3 3
3 4 3
P ( x ) = x n 1 = ( x 1) ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1) a = 4 cm = cm
3 3
n termos
4 3
O comprimento da aresta cm.
3
P ( x ) = ( x 1) Q ( x ) com Q ( x ) = x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1
( )
3
4 3 4 3
3 3
Logo, Q (1) = 1n 1 + 1n 2 + ... + 1 + 1 = n 1 = n . 64 3 3 64 3

8.2. Vcubo = a = 3
= = =
3 33 33 9
Pg. 144 64 3
O volume do cubo cm3.
Avaliao global 9
4
1. 2 3 16 = 3
23 2 4 = 6 2 7 = 6 26 2 = 2 6 2 8.3. Raio da esfera: r = cm = 2 cm
2
Resposta: (D) 4 3 4 32
Vesfera = r = 23 =
a a n a3 a n a3 a n a3 n 3 3 3 3
2. = = = = a ,a>0
n
a n 3 n
a n 3 n a3 n
an a 32
Vesfera 32 9 3
Resposta: (B) = 3 = = =
Vcubo 64 3 3 64 3 2 3
3.
6
=
6 ( 3+ 6 ) =
18 + 6
=
92 + 6
= 9
3 6 ( 3 6 )( 3+ 6 ) 3 6 3
=
3 3
=
3 3
=
3

3 2 +6 2 3 3 23 2
= = 2 2
3 9.
AB
= cos ( 30 )
Resposta: (D) 2
9 + 4 2 = ( a + b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b 2
2
4. 3 6
AB = 2 =
2 2
2ab = 4 2 ; ab = 2 2
BC
Se a = 2 e b = 2, a 2 + b 2 = 6 . = sin ( 30 )
2
Se a = 1 e b = 2 2, a + b = 9 . 2 2
1 2
( ) BC = 2 =
2
9 + 4 2 = 1+ 2 2 2 2
6 2
(1 + 2 2 )
2
9+4 2 = =1+ 2 2
AB BC 2 2 12 1 43
A[ ABC ] = = = = =
Resposta: (B) 2 2 4 2 8
1 2 3 3
1 3 22 = =

( ) ( )
2 2
5. 1 + 3 2 + 3 2 = 1 + 3+ 3 3
= 1+ 3+3 3 = 8 4
3
A rea do tringulo cm2.
4
( )
2
= 1+ 4 3 = 1 + 16 3 = 49 = 7 1 2 1 2

1 3 1 3 3 1 3 3 3
Resposta: (B) : 12 12

2 2
= 3
2
=
6. A( x) B ( x) = C ( x) 10. 3
3 3
grau 2 grau 3 grau 5
1
1 3 3
12 2 3 3 12 3 2 3 12
1
Resposta: (B)
2
7. A ( x ) = ( x 2 ) ( 3 x 1) + R = 3
= 3
= 3
=
3 3 3
1
= 2 ( x 2) ( 3x 1) + R 2 12 3
2 = 3 = 8=2
3
3 1
= ( 2x 4) x + R 11. P ( x ) = ( x 2 )( x + 3) ( x 4 ) ( x 1)
2 3 4
2 2
Resposta: (B) 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10. P(x) tem grau 10
12. A ( x ) = 3 x5 x 4 + 2 x 3 + 4 x 3 P (1) + 1 P ( 2 1) = 12 + 3 P (1) + P (1) = 4

B ( x ) = x3 2 x + 1 2 P (1) = 4 P (1) = 2
3x5 x4 + 2x3 + 0x2 + 4x 3 x3 2x + 1 P ( 2) + 2 P ( 2 2) = 4 + 3
3x 5
+ 6x 3
3x 2 2
3x x + 8 P ( 2) + 2 P ( 0) = 7
x4 + 8x3 3x2 + 4x 3
P ( 2) + 2 3 = 7 P ( 2) = 1
+ x4 2x2 + x
18.2. P ( x ) = ax + b
8x3 5x2 + 5x 3
8x3 + 16x 8 P ( 0) = 3 b = 3 b = 3

5x2 + 21x 11 P (1) = 2 a + b = 2 a + 3 = 2
Q ( x ) = 3 x 2 x + 8 e R ( x ) = 5 x 2 + 21x 11 2a + b = 1 2 a + 3 = 1
P ( 2) = 1
13. b = 3
P(x) x2 + x + 1 b = 3
a = 1
x + 13 x2 x 2a = 2 a = 1

P ( x ) = ( x 2 x )( x 2 + x + 1) x + 13 =
P ( x) = x + 3
= x 4 + x 3 + x 2 x 3 x 2 x x + 13 =
19. P ( x ) = x 3 + ax 2 + bx
= x 4 2 x + 13
14. P ( x ) = x3 + x 2 3ax 4a P ( 2 ) = 2 8 + 4a + 2b = 2 4a + 2b = 6

B ( x ) = x2 x 4 ( )
P 1 = 4 1 + a + b = 4 a + b = 3
x3 + x2 3ax 4a x2 x 4 2a + 3 a = 3 a = 6

x3 + x2 + 4x x+2 b = 3 a b = 9
2x2 + (4 3a)x 4a
2x2 + 2x + 8 a=6eb=9
(6 3a)x + 8 4a 20. V ( x) = A( x) H ( x)
( 6 3a ) x + 8 4a = 0 V ( x ) = x3 + 7 x 2 + 14 x + 8
6 3a = 0 3a = 6 H ( x) = x + 1
a=2
8 4a = 0 4a = 8 A(x) o quociente de V(x) por H(x)
1 7 14 8
Pg. 146 1 1 6 8
1 6 8 0
15. P ( x ) = ( x 2 )( x 4 )( x 5 ) Q ( x ) + ( x + 1)
A( x) = x2 + 6x + 8
P ( 2 ) = A 0 Q ( x ) + 3 = A A = 3
21. P ( x ) = ( x 1) Q ( x ) + 3
P ( 4 ) = B 0 Q ( x ) + 4 = B B = 4
C = 5 Q ( x ) = ( x 2 ) Q1 ( x ) + 2
P ( 5) = C 0 Q ( x ) + 5 = C
Logo:
A B C = 3 4 5 = 90
P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x 2 ) Q1 ( x ) + 2 + 3 =
16. P ( x ) = x100 + x + 1
= ( x 1) ( x 2 ) Q1 ( x ) + 2 ( x 1) + 3 =
P ( x ) = Q ( x ) ( x 2 1) + R ( x )
P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x 2 ) Q1 ( x ) + 2 x + 1
R ( x ) = ax + b porque o grau do divisor 2.
R ( x) = 2x + 1
P (1) = Q (1) 0 + R (1)
22. (x 2
4 ) ( x 3) 0
P ( 1) = Q ( 1) 0 + R ( 1)
( x 2 )( x + 2 )( x 3) 0
1 + 1 + 1 = a 1 + b
100
a + b = 3
x ] , 2] [ 2 , 3]
( 1) 1 + 1 = a ( 1) + b a + b = 1
100
x 2 2 3 +
b 1 + b = 3 2b = 4 b = 2
x2 0 + + +
a = b 1 a = b 1 a = 1
x+2 0 + + + + +
R ( x) = x + 2
x3 0 +
P ( x )
3
P 0 + 0 0 +
P ( x ) = x P ( x ) P x = x
3 2 2
17.
( ) S = ] , 2] [ 2 , 3]
P ( x ) = x P ( x ) = x P ( x ) = x P ( x ) = x 3 6 x 2 + 11x 6
2 2
23.
Logo, P(x) tem grau 1. 23.1. P ( 3) = 33 6 32 + 11 3 6 =
18. P ( x ) + x P ( 2 x) = x2 + 3 = 27 54 + 33 6 = 0
18.1. P ( 0 ) + 0 P ( 2 ) = 3 P ( 0 ) = 3 Se P ( 3) = 0 , ento P(x) divisvel por x 3.
23.2. 25. P ( 1) = 1 ; P ( 2 ) = 7
1 6 11 6
P ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x 2 ) Q ( x ) + R ( x )
3 3 9 6
1 3 2 0 R ( x ) = ax + b , dado que ( x + 1)( x + 2 ) do 2. grau
3 98 P ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x 2 ) Q ( x ) + ax + b
x 2 3x + 2 = 0 x =
2
P ( 1) = 1 0 Q ( 1) + a ( 1) + b = 1
x = 1 x = 2
P ( x ) = ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3) P ( 2 ) = 7 0 Q ( 2 ) + a 2 + b = 7
P ( x ) > 0 ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3) > 0 a + b = 1 b = a 1 b = a 4

x ]1 , 2[ ]3 , + [ P ( 2 ) = 7 2a + a 1 = 7 3a = 6
b = 3
x 1 2 3 +
x1 0 + + + + +
a = 2
x2 0 + + +
R ( x ) = 2 x 3
x3 0 + 26. P ( x ) = 3x 3 + mx 2 + nx 2
P(x) 0 + 0 0 + x 2 + x + 2 no tem razes reais.
3x3 + mx2 + nx 2 x2 + x + 2
S = ]1 , 2[ ]3 , + [ 3x3 3x2 6x 3x + m 3
(m 3) x2 + (n 6)x 2
(m 3) x2 + ( m + 3) x 2m + 6
Pg. 147
(n m 3)x 2m + 4
24. P ( x ) = 8 x 5 + 4 x 4 10 x 3 x 2 + 4 x 1
n m 3 = 0
( n m 3) x 2m + 4 = 0
24.1. 2m + 4 = 0
n 2 3 = 0 n = 5
8 4 10 1 4 1
1 m = 2 m = 2
4 4 3 2 1
2 m=2en=5
8 8 6 4 2 0 Outro processo:
1
4 6 0 2 3 x 3 + mx 2 + nx 2 = ( x 2 + x + 2 ) ( ax + b )
2
3 x 3 + mx 2 + nx 2 = ax 3 + bx 2 + ax 2 + bx + 2ax + 2b
8 12 0 4 0
1 3x 3 + mx 2 + nx 2 = ax 3 + ( a + b ) x 2 + ( 2a + b ) x + 2b
4 8 4
2 a = 3 a = 3 a = 3
8 16 8 0 a + b = m 3 1 = m m = 2

1
4 10 2 a + b = n 6 1 = n n = 5
2 2b = 2 b = 1 b = 1
8 20 18 0
3 m=2en=5
1
P ( x ) = x ( 8 x 2 16 x + 8 ) e
1
2 2
no raiz de 27. ( B ( x ) = 0 x = 1) ( x , B ( x ) < 0 x ]1 , + [ )
8 x 2 16 x + 8 . ( x , B ( x ) > 0 x ] , 1[ )
1 27.1.
Logo, uma raiz de grau de multiplicidade 3.
2 x 1 2 +
24.2. 8 x 2 + 16 x + 8 = 0 2x + + + 0
8 ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) = 8 ( x + 1)
2
B(x) + 0
1
3 (2 x) B(x) + 0 0 +
P ( x ) = 8 x ( x + 1)
2
2 ( 2 x ) B ( x ) 0 x [1 , 2]
1 S = [1 , 2]
P ( x ) 0 x ,
2
3 9 8
1 27.2. x 2 3 x + 2 = 0 x = x = 1 x = 2
x 1 + 2
2
1
3 (x 2
3 x + 2 ) B ( x ) > 0 ( x 1)( x 2 ) B ( x ) > 0
x 0 +
x 1 2 +
2
x1 0 + + +
( x + 1)
2
+ 0 + + +
x2 0 +
P(x) 0 0 +
B(x) + 0
1 P + 0 + 0
S = ,
2
( x 1)( x 2 ) B ( x ) > 0 ] , 1[ ]1 , 2[ 1 1 1
S = , ,
S = ] , 1[ ]1 , 2[ 2 2 2
Ou
28. Pretende-se provar que:
1 1
P(x) divisvel por x 2 a 2 x +
2 2
P ( x ) divisvel por x a
2
1
P(x) divisvel por x 2 a 2 x+ + 0 + + +
2
P ( x ) = ( x2 a2 ) Q ( x )
1
x
P ( x ) = ( x a )( x + a ) Q ( x ) 2
0 +
P ( x ) = ( x a ) Q1 ( x ) sendo Q1 ( x ) = ( x + a ) Q ( x ) P(x) 0 0 +
P ( x ) divisvel por x a 1 1 1
S = , ,
Portanto, b(x) condio suficiente para que se verifique a(x). 2 2 2
29. P ( x ) = ( x n ) Q ( x ) com Q ( n ) 0
2
31. P ( x ) = x + x 4 n x n 1, n
5n
29.1. x mx 16 = ( x n ) ( ax + b ) , dado que ( x n ) um

3 2 2
31.1. P ( x ) = x 4 n ( x n + 1) ( x n + 1) =
polinmio do 2. grau. = ( x n + 1)( x 4 n 1) =

x 3 mx 16 = ( x 2 2nx + n 2 ) ( ax + b ) = ( x 4 n 1)( x n + 1)
x mx 16 = ax + bx 2anx 2bnx + an x + bn
3 3 2 2 2 2
31.2. P ( x ) = ( x 4 n 1)( x n + 1) =
x 3 mx 16 = ax 3 ( b 2an ) x 2 + ( an 2 2bn ) x + bn 2
= ( x 2 n ) 1 ( x n + 1) =
2
a = 1 a = 1
b 2an = 0
b = 2n = ( x 2 n 1)( x 2 n + 1)( x n + 1) =
2 2
an 2bn = m n 2 ( 2n ) n = m = ( x n 1)( x n + 1)( x 2 n + 1)( x n + 1) =
bn 2 = 16 2n n 2 = 16

= ( x n 1)( x n + 1) ( x 2 n + 1)
2
a = 1 a = 1 a = 1
b = 2n
b = 2 ( ) b = 4
2 Vamos dividir x n 1 por x 1, usando a Regra de Ruffini.
2 x n 1 = x n + 0 x n 1 + 0 x n 2 + ... + 0 x 1
n 4 n = m m = 12
2
3n = m
2
n3 = 8 n = 2 n = 2
n 1 zeros
m = 12 e n = 2 n 1 zeros
29.2. x 3 mx 16 = ( x n ) ( ax + b )
2
1 0 0 0 0 1
= ( x + 2) ( x 4)
2
(a = 1 , b = 4 , m = 12 e n = 2) 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 0
P ( x ) = ( x + 2) ( x 4)
2
n termos
30. P ( x ) = 8x3 + 4 x 2 2 x 1
30.1. P ( x ) = 8 ( x a ) ( x + a )
2 x n 1 = ( x 1) ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1)
8 x 3 + 4 x 2 2 x 1 = 8 ( x 2 2ax + a 2 ) ( x + a ) P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1)( x n + 1) ( x 2 n + 1)

2
8 x 3 + 4 x 2 2 x 1 = 8 ( x3 + ax 2 2ax 2 2a 2 x + a 2 x + a 3 ) P ( x ) = ( x 1) Q ( x ) sendo
Q ( x ) = ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1)( x n + 1) ( x 2 n + 1)
2
8 x 3 + 4 x 2 2 x 1 = 8 x 3 8ax 2 8a 2 x + 8a 3
1
a = 2 Q (1) = (1 + 1 + ... + 1 + 1)(1 + 1) (1 + 1) =
2
8a = 4
1 1 n vezes
8a 2 = 2 a 2 = a=
3 4 2 = x 1 4 2 =
8a = 1 3 1 = 8n 0
a = 8
Como P ( x ) = ( x 1) Q ( x ) e Q (1) 0 , 1 uma raiz simples
2
1 1 de P(x).
P ( x) = 8 x + x
2 2
2
1 1
30.2. P ( x ) < 0 8 x + x < 0
2 2
1 1
x <0x+ 0
2 2
1 1
x< x
2 2

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2 lgebra

2.1. Radicais 7.2. 20 45 + 5 80 =

= 710 : 712 = 710 7 2 : 712 =

5.3. m.m.c. (3 , 4) = 12 10.2. 5

a+3 + a ( a+3 + a )( a+3 a ) = =

28.1. m.m.c. (3 , 2) = 6 30.8. 4

Portanto, se x = 2 , ento x = 2 . Logo, 2 = 2 .

Abase = 1,92 m2 16.1. 5 2 = 5

18.1. 1000 = (10 3

Seja h a altura do tringulo.

4.3. Seja H (x) a expresso para a altura do tringulo. Q ( x ) = 7 x 2 12 x + 19 ; R ( x ) = 28 ; A ( 2 ) = 28

20x2 + 12x 5x + 3 R ( x ) = 757 ; A ( 5 ) = 757

34. Seja P ( x ) = a0 x n + a1 x n 1 + ... + an 1 x + an um polinmio Como n , Pn ( 3) = 0 e Pn ( 4 ) = 0 , ento Pn ( x )

Q ( x ) = x2 5x + 6 46. Grau de A(x): n + 2

47. Como x ( x 1) tem grau 2, R(x), resto da diviso de P(x) por

6. P ( x ) = x1001 13. x 2 1 = ( x 1)( x + 1)

18. O resto da diviso inteira de P(x) por x2 1 tem grau no 21. P ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c

P (1) = 2 (1 2 )(1 3)( 2 + b ) = 2 P ( 3) = 3 9 2 3 + 1 = 27 6 + 1 = 22

2.4. Fatorizao de polinmios. Resoluo de equaes e 1

Como x 2 + 2 > 0, x , ento:

15.6. x 3 + 9 x > 6 x 2 17.1. P ( x ) = x 3 8 ; P ( 2 ) = 0

24.1. P ( x ) = 2 x 4 + 13x 2 15 26.2. ( x 2 )( x 3) x 2 4

31.1. x 3 x 2 > 0 x 2 ( x 1) > 0 x 4 5 x 2 + 4 = ( x 2 + 1)( x 2 4 )

2 tem grau de multiplicidade 3. S = {1 , 8}

( 2 x < 0 x 2 > 0) ( 2 x > 0 x ( x 2 0 x 4 0) ( x 2 0 x 4 0)

42.3. 2 x 2 + 7 x < 0 x ( 2 x + 7 ) < 0 x \ {3}

51. ax 3 4ax 2 + ( 3a + 1) x a + 1 = 0 x n 1 = ( x 1) ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1)

1 x 1 x x [ 1 , 1] P(x) divisvel por x a

P (6) = 1 a 5 4 3 2 1 = 1 Resposta: (B)

24.2. Vamos dividir x n 1 por x 1. Pg. 145

Logo, Q (1) = 1n 1 + 1n 2 + ... + 1 + 1 = n 1 = n . 64 3 3 64 3

12. A ( x ) = 3 x5 x 4 + 2 x 3 + 4 x 3 P (1) + 1 P ( 2 1) = 12 + 3 P (1) + P (1) = 4

P ( x ) > 0 ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3) > 0 a + b = 1 b = a 1 b = a 4

29.1. x mx 16 = ( x n ) ( ax + b ) , dado que ( x n ) um

polinmio do 2. grau. = ( x n + 1)( x 4 n 1) =

8 x 3 + 4 x 2 2 x 1 = 8 ( x 2 2ax + a 2 ) ( x + a ) P ( x ) = ( x 1) ( x n 1 + x n 2 + ... + x + 1)( x n + 1) ( x 2 n + 1)

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