Exam

No.135b

YEAR 12 VCE
MATHEMATICAL METHODS CAS
PAPER TWO
J
U N E 2 0 1 5
W R I T I N G T I M E 2 . 0 H R S
Structure of book

Section Number of questions Number of questions Number of marks

to be answered
1 22 22 22
2 4 4 58
Total 80

Materials
The question and answer booklet of 22 pages
Answer sheet for multiple choice questions
Students are permitted to bring the following items into the examination: pens,
pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpeners and rulers, one approved CAS Calculator
and one Bound Reference
Students are NOT permitted to bring, mobile phones, electronic dictionaries or
white out liquid/tape into the examination.

Instructions
Detach the formula sheet from the back of this book during reading time.
Answers must be in English
At the end of the examination place the answer sheet for multiple-choice questions
inside the front cover of this book.

Student Name: House

 2

SECTION 1

Instructions for Section 1

Answer all questions in pencil on the answer sheet provided for multiple choice questions.
Choose the response that is correct for the question.
A correct answer scores1, an incorrect answer scores 0.
Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers.
No marks will be given if more than one answer is completed for any question.

Question 1

A line passes through the points (0, 3) and (6, 0) . The gradient of the line that is perpendicular to this
line is

A. 2
B.
C. 0
D.
E. 2

Question 2

The maximal domain of the function is

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
 3

Question 3

The functions f and g both have maximal domains.

2
If f ( x) = e 2 x and g ( x) = the domain and rule of are respectively
x

2
A. R + and f ( g ( x)) =
e2x
4
+
B. R and f ( g ( x)) = e x

C. R and f ( g ( x)) = e 4
4
D. R \ {0} and f ( g ( x)) = e x

R \ {0} and f ( g ( x)) =

2
E.
e2x

Question 4

The function has an inverse function given by

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Question 5

Let .

f ' ( x) is equal to

A. e 3 g '( x )
B. g ' ( x )e f ( x )
C. g ' ( x)e 3 g '( x )
D. 3 g ' ( x) f ( x)
E. 3 f ' ( x) g ( x)
 4

Question 6

Using the linear approximation method f (1 + h) f (1) + hf ' (1) and considering the point (1, e)
which lies on the graph of , an approximation for is

A. 0.3e
B. 1.3e
C. 1.5e
D. 1.7e
E. 2e

Question 7

x
3
8 8

The graph shown above could have the rule

x
A. y = tan
4
B. y = tan (4 x )
x
C. y = tan
8
x
D. y = tan
8
E. y = tan (4 x )
 5

Question 8

The simultaneous linear equations have no solution for

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Question 9

The equation of the normal to the curve with equation y = x 2 at x = 2 is

A. 4x y =4
B. x 4y =18
C. x + 4y =18
D. 4x + y =12
E. 4y x =18

Question 10

x1.5 is [1, 8 ) . D is given by:

The range of f : D R, f ( x) =
A. [1, 2]
B. (1, 2 )
C. [1, 2 )
D. [1, 4]
E. [1, 4 )

Question 11

Let g : [1, ) R, g ( x) = log e ( x) and h : R R, h( x) = x and let f = g h .

The domain of the inverse function is

A.
B.
C.
D.
E. R
 6

Question 12

A container is in the shape of an inverted pyramid with a rectangular top. The width of the
rectangular top is a metres, the length is 2a metres and the height of the inverted pyramid is a
metres.
2a
a

Liquid is being poured into the container at the rate of 0.1m 3 / hr . The rate at which the height of the
liquid is increasing when the height of the liquid in the container is 0.2m is

A. 0.008m/hr
B. 0.2m/hr
C. 0.25m/hr
D. 1.25m/hr
E. 3.75m/hr

Question 13

The equation x 4 + ax 3 + 2 x 2 =
0 , where a is a real constant, will have no real solutions if

A. a= 2 2 or a = 2 2
B. 2 2 < a < 2 2
C. 2 2 a 2 2
D. a < 2 2 or a > 2 2
E. a 2 2 or a 2 2
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Question 14

Consider the function f shown below:

y

x
-2 2

Which of the following is true?

A. f is undefined at x = 2
B. f is discontinuous at x = 2
C. f is not differentiable at x = 2
D. f has a positive gradient for x < 2
E. f has a negative gradient for x < 2

Question 15

The tangent to the curve with equation , at the point is parallel to the line
with equation

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
 8

Question 16

Over what domain is the following function continuous?

4, x 2
x + 2
f ( x=
) e + 3, 2 < x < 0

( x + 2 ) , x 0
3

A. R
B. R \{2, 0}
C. R \{0}
D. R \{2}
E. R \ ( 2, 0 )

Question 17

The graph of f ( x) = ax 4 + bx 3 + cx 2 + dx + e , where a, b, c, d , e are real numbers has how many

stationary points?

A. 0, 1, 2 or 3
B. 0, 2 or 3
C. 0, 1 or 2
D. 1 or 3
E. 3

Question 18

Let .

The graph of is

dilated by a factor of 3 from the x-axis

reflected in the x-axis

to become the graph of . The maximum value of g is

A. 9
B. 6
C. 3
D. 2
E. 9
 9

Question 19

1 x
The general solution to tan = 1 is
3 2

2
A. (1 + 3n ) , n Z
3
2
B. (1 + 3n ) , n R
3
2
C. + 2n, n Z
3

D. (1 + 3n ) , n Z
3

E. (1 + 3n ) , n R
3

Question 20

is equal to

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Question 21

The equation x 3 9 x 2 + 15 x + w =
0 has only one solution for x when

A. 7 < w < 25
B. w 7
C. w 25
D. w < 7 or w > 25
E. w >1
 10

Question 22

The approximate area enclosed by the graph of the function , the x-axis and the line
with equation is found using the shaded rectangles below.
y

1
y =1
y = f (x)

2 4 x
1 3

The approximate area is p% less than the actual area. If the actual area, correct to 3 decimal places, is
3.018 sq units, the value of p is closest to

A. 7%
B. 9%
C. 13%
D. 19%
E. 23%
 11

SECTION 2

Instructions

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

In all questions where a numerical answer is required an exact value must be given unless otherwise
specified.
In questions where more than one mark is available, appropriate working must be shown.
Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale.

Question 1

Consider the function where a and k are real constants and .

a. i. Find f ' ( x) .

ii. Explain why f has no stationary points.

b. i. Find an expression in terms of a and k for the x-intercept of the graph of .

ii. Find the value(s) of k for which the graph of has a positive x-intercept.

2 + 1 = 3 marks

c. Find the values of k for which the graph of has a positive y-intercept.

2 marks
 12

d. Let .

On the set of axes, below sketch the graph of . Label the x and y intercepts together
with the equation of any asymptotes in terms of the parameters a and k.

3 marks

Total 10 marks
 13

Question 2

Tiny Tony is building an open rectangular container with a square base so that he can play
with his rubber ducky. He wants the container to hold as much water as possible, but he only
has 108 cm2 of material to work with.

Let the dimensions of the container be x cm x cm y cm , and the volume and surface
area of the box be V and S respectively.

1
a. Show that=
V 27 x x3
4

3 marks

b. Given that V > 0 and x > 0, find the possible values of x.

2 marks

dV
c. Find
dx

1 mark
 14

d. Hence find the maximum possible volume of the container, stating its corresponding
dimensions.

4 marks

e. Tony then fills the container with water up to a depth of 1 cm and instills a wave machine
along its base. He notices that the height of the water in the very center of the container, h,
t seconds after turning on the wave machine appears to follow the curve:

cos ( ( t 3) )
=h +1
5

Sketch the graph of h against t on the axes below for t [ 0, 6] . Label the coordinates of
any stationary points and endpoints.

4 marks
 15

f. Tony wishes to drop his rubber ducky in to the center of the container, but he is afraid that if
he does so while the water level is below 0.9 cm he may hurt him. In the first 6 seconds after
turning on the wave machine, how much time is there during which it is not safe for Tony to
drop his duck?

4 marks

_________________________________________________________________________________

Total 18 marks
 16

Question 3

x
Let f : [0,6] R, f ( x) = 2 sin + 1
3

and h : R R, h( x ) = x

The graphs of f and h are shown below.

y
y = h(x )
3

2
y = f (x )
1

x
3 6
-1

a. Show that the period of the graph of f is 6.

1 mark

b. For what values of x is the function f strictly decreasing?

2 marks

c. Explain why the inverse function does not exist.

1 mark
 17

Let

d. i. Find the least value of a such that the inverse function exists.

i. Sketch the graph of on the same set of axes as the graph of

shown above. Clearly mark the coordinates of the endpoints.

ii. Find the rule of the inverse function .

e. Determine the coordinates of the point/s of intersection of the graphs of and

. Express your answer correct to 3 decimal places.

2 marks
 18

Let where a and c are both positive constants and .

The graph of is shown below.

y = r (x )
c
x

The graph of r undergoes the following transformations

a dilation by a factor of 2 from the y-axis

a reflection in the x-axis

to become the graph of .

f. Sketch the graph of on the set of axes above. Indicate clearly on your graph the
coordinates of any endpoints and maximum and minimum points. It is not necessary to give
the x-intercepts.

3 marks

_________________________________________________________________________________
Total 13 marks
 19

Question 4

Victoria James is a spy.

She has become trapped in an underground mine at point V and her only means of escape is through a
ventilation shaft with equation y = 2 x , 0 x 2 as shown below. The shaft ends at ground
level at the point and all distances are measured in kilometres.

ground level G (2,0)

x

ventilation shaft
V

a. Find the coordinates of the point V, where Victoria is trapped.

1 mark

Victoria can move along the ventilation shaft towards point G as long as the gradient of the shaft is
two or less.

b. Show that the coordinates of the furthest point along the shaft that Victoria can reach are
31 1
, .
16 4

3 marks
 20

In order to prevent the shaft caving in, Victorias rescuers set up a drilling site at point D
where k is a constant and . From this point they will drill a straight tunnel that will intersect
with the shaft as shown below. At this point of intersection , the gradient of the shaft will
equal the gradient of the tunnel.

G(2,0) D(2+k, 0)
x

rescue tunnel
P(x, y)
V
ventilation shaft

c. i. Find an expression in terms of x and k for the gradient of the rescue tunnel.

ii. Show that the coordinates of point P are .

 21

d. Find the possible values that k can take.

2 marks

The time taken by Victoria to move from point V through the shaft to point P is 6( 2 k ) hours.
From point P she can move through the rescue tunnel to point D at 0.5km/hr .

e. Show that the total time, in hours, taken by Victoria to escape from point V to point D is
( )
given by T = 6 2 k + 2 k + 4k 2 .

2 marks
 22

f. i. Find .

ii. Hence find the coordinates of the point where the rescue tunnel should meet the
ventilation shaft if Victoria is to escape in the minimum time. Express the
coordinates correct to 2 decimal places.

iii. What is the minimum time that it takes Victoria to escape? Express your answer
correct to 2 decimal places.

Total 17 marks
 23

Mathematical Methods (CAS) Formulas

Mensuration
1 1
area of a trapezium: ( a + b) h volume of a pyramid: Ah
2 3
4
curved surface area of a cylinder: 2 rh volume of a sphere: r3
3
1
volume of a cylinder: r 2h area of a triangle: bc sin A
2
1
volume of a cone: r 2h
3

Calculus

dx
( )
d n
x = nx n 1 x
n
dx =
1 n +1
n +1
x + c, n 1

dx
( )
d ax
e = ae ax
1
e ax dx = e ax + c
a
d
(log e ( x) ) = 1
1
dx = log e x + c
dx x x
d
(sin(ax) ) = a cos(ax)
1
sin( ax )dx = cos(ax) + c
dx a
d
(cos(ax) ) = a sin(ax)
1
cos (ax) dx = sin( ax) + c
dx a
d
(tan(ax) ) = 2a = a sec 2 (ax)
dx cos (ax)
du dv
v u
d dv du d u dx dx
product rule: (uv) = u +v quotient rule: =
dx dx dx dx v v2
dy dy du
chain rule: = approximation: f ( x + h) f ( x) + hf ' ( x)
dx du dx

Probability
Pr( A) = 1 Pr( A' ) Pr( A B ) = Pr( A) + Pr( B) Pr( A B)
Pr( A B )
Pr( A B ) = transition matrices: Sn = T n S0
Pr( B )
mean: = E( X ) variance: var( X ) = 2 = E (( X ) 2 ) = E ( X 2 ) 2
probability distribution mean variance
discrete Pr( X = x) = p (x) = x p(x) = ( x ) 2 p( x)
2

b
continuous Pr(a < X < b) = f ( x)dx
a
= x f ( x)dx

2 = ( x ) 2 f ( x) dx

Reproduced with permission of the Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority, Victoria,
Australia.
This formula sheet has been copied in 2012 from the VCAA website www.vcaa.vic.edu.au

The VCAA publish an exam issue supplement to the VCAA bulletin.

 24

MATHEMATICAL METHODS (CAS)

TRIAL EXAMINATION 2

MULTIPLE- CHOICE ANSWER SHEET

STUDENT NAME:....................................................................................

INSTRUCTIONS
Fill in the letter that corresponds to your choice. Example: A C D E

The answer selected is B. Only one answer should be selected.

1. A B C D E 12. A B C D E
2. A B C D E 13. A B C D E
3. A B C D E 14. A B C D E
4. A B C D E 15. A B C D E
5. A B C D E 16. A B C D E
6. A B C D E 17. A B C D E
7. A B C D E 18. A B C D E

8. A B C D E 19. A B C D E

9. A B C D E 20. A B C D E

10. A B C D E 21. A B C D E
11. A B C D E 22. A B C D E