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3.4.1-Land Survey
3.4.1-Land Survey
Geodetic Surveys
Plane Surveys
Geodetic Survey
Takes into account the true size, shape, and
gravity fields of the Earth
The geoid is the equipotential surface of the
Earths gravity field which best fits global mean sea
level
Provides significant
precision
Establishes highly
accurate control
networks
Plumb Line
Plane Survey
Geodetic Survey
Line of equal elevation
Line of equal elevation
Rod
Rod
Horizontal Plane
Earths surface
Courtesy USGS
Property Survey
(or Boundary Survey)
Establishes property
lines for a lot
Used to create a plat
Site Survey
(Plot Survey or Lot Survey)
Combination of a property survey and
topographic survey
May be required to receive a construction permit
Construction Survey
Locates points and elevations that can be
used to establish correct locations and
elevations for engineering and
architectural projects
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Other Equipment
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Telescope
Auto Level
Mirror Sight
Diopter
Bulls Eye Adjustment
Level Ring
Horizontal
Eyepiece
Tangent
Knob
Horizontal Leveling
Angle Screws
Rotation Ring Kennedy
Reading the Rod Beveled
hatch
marks
Vertical Stadia hairs
crosshair
Horizontal
crosshair
Estimated distance
Point of
BM Unknown
Elevation
Differential Leveling
Elev. 350.00 ft
Differential Leveling
Start with point of
known elevation Rod reading
7.59 ft (BS)
Benchmark (BM) 357.59 ft (HI)
Point of Reference
7.59 ft
(POR)
357.59 ft
Sight to rod on BM
Backsight (BS)
2.36 ft
Rod reading
Without moving the 2.36 ft (FS)
tripod,
Sight to rod on point Elev.
355.23 ft
of unknown
elevation
Point of Interest
Foresight (FS)
Identify elevation of
point
Elev = HI - FS
Elev = 357.59 2.36 = 355.23 ft
Field Notes