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CHEN212 (Introduction To Engineering)
CHEN212 (Introduction To Engineering)
CHEN212
Chemical Engineering
Spring 2013-2014
primarily uses his knowledge to acquire new knowledge. Whereas the engineer applies the
knowledge to design and develop useable devices (mechanical and computer), and structures
(civil), and processes. In other words, the scientist seeks to know, but the engineer aims to do.
Scientists explore what is. Engineers create what have not been. Engineering is viewed as an art
as well as science. The engineers knowledge must be tempered with professional judgment.
The engineer must weigh conflicting constraints (for each problem there is disadvantage when
solving it, the engineer should choose the best solution). The engineer should make judgment
based on knowledge, seeking a best optimum solution, and seeking answers to problems.
There is an almost unlimited list of materials both natural and manufactured on the bases of
Engineers recognize that the earth supply of materials and energy is not limitless and they must
be concerned by their conservation. This involves recycling and reuse of existing materials
rehabilitation instead of replacement of old facilities and also involves seeking new sources of
energy. Engineers seek solutions that are economical (scientists do not care about money). That
means that benefits must exceed the costs. Engineering must be practiced with appropriate
awareness for the possible harmful impacts on the technology on people and the environment.
Engineering support personal (team or staff). Although it is possible for engineers to work alone,
More commonly, they work with a group of support personal, called occupational spectrum. This
craftsman. At the top of the spectrum is the engineer who serves as innovators, designers,
decision maker and leader of the engineering team. His typical activities are conceptional design,
Technologists hold a 3 year program of study (BS degree in engineering). Their typical activities
are : protein product development, construction supervision, technical sales, hardware design and
craftsmen.
Technicians normally have been trained in 2 year program in engineering technology leading to
an associate degree.
Their typical activities are : drafting (drawing), estimating, field inspections, data collection,
Craftsmen are skilled workers like electricians, car painters, welders they use hand and power
tools to service maintain and operate machines or products useful to the engineering team.
Engineering disciplines:
Electrical engineering: the largest of all engineering branches. Electrical engineer usually
Electronics
Communication systems
Automatic controls
Computers
Mechanical engineering: One of the oldest areas of engineering activity. Mechanical engineer
design and manufacture machine tools (the machine that makes machines), and machinery and
equipment for all branches of industry. For example, they design turbines, food processes, air
conditioning and refrigeration systems, artificial hearts their machines move and lift loads,
transport people and goods, and produce energy and convert it to other forms.
In the power specialty, M.E. are involved in the design production and operation of hydraulic
turbines for driving electric generations and of boilers.they design and operate power plants
and concern themselves with the economic combustion of fuels, the conversion of heat energy
into mechanical power and the use of that power to perform useful work.
In heating ventilation and air conditioning, M.E. provides control conditions of temperature and
humidity in homes, offices, commercial buildings and industrial plants. They develop equipment
and systems needed for refrigeration of foods and the operation of cold storage warehouses and
M.E. may also be found working in marine xxxx, design machinery for boats, naval vessels, and
merchant ships, in the automotive industry designing and manufacturing automobiles, trucks, and
buses, and in the aerospace industry working in the design of new aircraft and space craft.
Industrial engineering: I.E. are primarily interested in problems that involve economy in the
use of money, materials, time, human effort and energy. They are more concerned with the big
picture of the industrial management and production, then with the detailed development of
processes.
Main activities:
Activities related to plan layout. Plan layout involves determining the floor space needed
for each production component: workers, equipment and materials handling and storage
and arranging and sequencing the various operations to ensure a safe smooth and efficient
operations.
Activities designed to increase worker productivity. I.E. perform time and motion studies
of workers, set standards of work performance and propose new and improved work
Activities designed to reduce and control cost without compromising product quality.