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Repair Guides - Emission Controls - Evaporative Emission Controls - AutoZone
Repair Guides - Emission Controls - Evaporative Emission Controls - AutoZone
com
Fig. Fig. 3: Evaporative emission control system schematic-1995 240SX and 1995-98 Altima
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Fig. Fig. 4: Evaporative emission control system schematic-1993-1994 240SX and Altima
The evaporative emission control system prevents the uncontrolled release of gasoline vapors (hydrocarbons) into the atmosphere. These vapors are produced when fuel
evaporates in the sealed fuel tank..
The main component of the system is the charcoal canister. The activated charcoal in the canister absorbs and stores fuel vapors generated inside the fuel tank while the engine is
inoperative. When the engine is running, the vapors are drawn through the electronically controlled purge control valve and into the intake manifold. The vapors enter the air/fuel
mixture and are burned in the combustion process.
The purge control valve is used to time the vapor release into the intake manifold. During deceleration and idling, the purge control valve is closed and allows only a small amount
of vapor to reach the intake. Under all other conditions, the valve allows vapor to be purged.
Two types of purge control valves are used: an electronic canister purge volume control valve and a purge control valve/constant purge orifice combination. The canister purge
volume valve is controlled by the ECM and meters purge volume in proportion to air flow. The purge control valve/constant purge orifice combination operates mechanically. As
engine speed increases and throttle vacuum rises, more vapor is purged to the intake manifold.
The canister control solenoid valve responds to signals from the ECM. When the ECM grounds the solenoid, the vacuum signal from the throttle body to the canister is cut.
Generally, this is done under start-up, idling and decelerating conditions.
A fuel check valve (vacuum cut valve) is used to prevent engine vacuum from sucking fuel out of the fuel tank. The valve also functions to prevent fuel from flowing out of the fuel
tank if the vehicle should roll over.
The fuel cap contains a vacuum relief valve which allows air into the fuel tank to prevent a build-up of vacuum.
The evaporative emission system canister, vacuum line and vapor hoses should be inspected every 30,000 miles (12,300 km).
COMPONENT TESTING
Evaporative Canister
ROUND CANISTER
The round evaporative canister is a sealed component and cannot be disassembled for inspection. Visually inspect the exterior of the canister for damage and replace as
necessary.
SQUARE CANISTER
See Figure 5
1. Visually inspect the exterior of the canister for damage, and replace as necessary.
2. Label and disconnect all vacuum and vapor lines.
3. Inspect the lines for damage, and replace as necessary.
4. Inspect the canister for damage, and replace as necessary.
5. Pinch the fresh air vent hose.
6. Blow air in Port A and check that it flows freely out of Port E .
7. If air does not flow as specified, the canister may be defective.
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Fig. Fig. 6: Evaporative canister control solenoid valve terminal and port identification
This valve may be known as the canister purge control valve on some vehicles.
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Fig. Fig. 7: Evaporative canister purge volume control valve terminal testing locations
Fig. Fig. 8: The plunger can be seen by looking through the side vacuum port
Fuel Cap
By continually sucking air through the cap, the resistance should disappear.
1. Blow air through the fuel tank side of the cap and ensure that air passes through the cap.
2. If the valve in the cap is clogged or if no resistance is felt, replace the cap as an assembly.
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Fig. Fig. 10: Connect a piece of vacuum hose to Port A and blow into it. If leaks are present, the valve is faulty
Fig. Fig. 11: Next, connect a vacuum pump to the valve and apply vacuum. Blow into Port C and ensure that air flows out of Port B
SQUARE CANISTER
See Figure 12
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Evaporative Canister
ROUND CANISTER
See Figure 13
Fig. Fig. 13: The round canister is located on the firewall, below the fuel filter-Altima
The canister is located on the firewall (Altima) or the radiator support (27SX).
SQUARE CANISTER
See Figure 14
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To install:
3. Install the solenoid valve and tighten the mounting nut to 9-8 ft. lbs. (10-13 Nm).
4. Connect the solenoid valve vacuum lines.
Fig. Fig. 15: Evaporative canister purge volume control valve location
The evaporative canister purge volume control valve is located under the intake manifold.
To install:
SQUARE CANISTER
On square canisters, the purge control valve is a separate component mounted near the canister, at the rear of the vehicle.
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2. Inspect the lines for damage, and replace as necessary.
3. Remove the valve from the vehicle.
To install:
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