Odabrano vozilo: Mini Cooper S Clubman 1.

1.0 OSNOVNE TEHNIKE KARAKTERISTIKE VOZILA

1.1 Gabaritne dimenzije, razmak osovine i irina traga tokova

Duina [mm]:3937
irina [mm]: 1683
Visina [mm]: 1426
Razmak osovina [mm]: 2547
irina traga prednjih tokova [mm]:1453
irina traga zadnjih tokova [mm]: 1461

1.2 Nosivost vozila, bruto teina

Masa vozila [kg]: 1205

Nosivost: 400 kg (5 osoba + 25 kg)
Bruto teina [N]: 16050

1.3 Broj, dimenzije i pritisak u pneumaticima

Oznaka pneumatika: 195/55 R16

pritisak: p = 2 bar
B [mm] = 195
55
D [''] = 16 D [mm] = 406.4
D
rd= +H
2
rd [mm]= 310.45
1.4 Maksimalna snaga i nazivni broj obrtaja motora
Pe max= 128 kW pri np max = 5500 o/min

1.5 Maksimalni obrtni moment i nazivni broj obrtaja motora

Mmax = 240 Nm pri nm max = 1600 o/min

1.6 Izbor stepena prenosa

i0 = 3.647
i1 = 3.308
i2 = 2.130
i3 = 1.483
i4 = 1.139
i5 = 0.947
i6 = 0.816
 iHN = 3.231 hod unazad

1.7 Maksimalna brzina u poslednjem stepenu prenosa

r d3,6
V max =
30i 6i 0 [ ]
nmax
km
h

Vmax= 216.3

1.8 ema prenosnika snage vozila

2.0 OSNOVNE DINAMIKE KARAKTERISTIKE VOZILA

Stalni otpori:
Rf -otpor kotrljanju
Rv -otpor vazduha

Promenljivi otpori:
Ru -otpor uspona
Ra -otpor ubrzanja

2.1 Otpor kotrljanja neoptereenog i optereenog vozila

G = 12050 N neoptereeno vozilo Rf = G f

G = 16050 N optereeno vozilo Rf = G f
0,5 2
f =f 0 + V
10 6
f0= 0.01

V km/h 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Rf 122.9 130.1 142.2 159.1 180.8 207.3 238.6 274.7
Rf' 163.7 173.3 189.4 211.9 240.8 276.1 317.8 365.9
otpor kotrljanja

400.0
350.0
300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0 Rf
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Rf
'
V [km/h]
2.2 Otpor vazduha u zavisnosti od brzine kretanja vozila

Rv = K A V 2

K = 0.3 koeficijent oblika

A = 0,8 B H povrina poprenog preseka vozila
B = 1.683 m irina
H = 1.426 m visina
A = 1.920 m2

V km/h 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

V m/s 5.6 11.1 16.7 22.2 27.8 33.3 38.9 44.4
Rv 17.8 71.1 160.0 284.4 444.4 640.0 871.1 1137.8
otpor vazduha

1200.0

1000.0

800.0

600.0

400.0

200.0

0.0
5.6 11.1 16.7 22.2 27.8 33.3 38.9 44.4
V m/s
2.3 Otpor uspona

Ru = G sin
Ru' = G' sin

U% 3 5 10 15 20
1.7 2.9 5.7 8.5 11.3
Ru 361.34 601.75 1199.02 1787.50 2363.20
Ru' 481.28 801.50 1597.03 2380.86 3147.66
otpor uspona

3500.00

3000.00

2500.00

2000.00

1500.00

1000.00

500.00

0.00 Ru
3 5 10 15 20
Ru'
Uspon %

2.4 Ukupni otpor puta

Ruk = G cos f + G sin

Ruk = G
= f cos + sin
f = 0.01

U% 3 5 10 15 20
1.7 2.9 5.7 8.5 11.3
f 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
cos 1 0.999 0.995 0.989 0.981
sin 0.030 0.050 0.100 0.148 0.196
0.0400 0.0599 0.1095 0.1582 0.2059
Ruk 481.78 722.10 1318.92 1906.67 2481.36
2.5 Zavisnost snage od broja obrtaja motora (Lajdermanova karakteristika)

[ ( ) ( ) ( )]
2 3
ne ne ne
Pe=Pe max C 1 + C2 1
nP max nPmax nPmax
Pe max = 128 kW np max = 5500 o/min
C1 = 1 C2 = 1
Pe Pe 30Pe
M e= = =
n n
30

ne 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Pe 26.73 57.32 87.13 111.56 125.98 125.79
Me 255.30 273.67 277.34 266.32 240.60 200.20

300.00 140.00

120.00
moment

250.00

snaga
100.00
200.00
80.00
150.00
60.00
100.00
40.00
50.00 20.00
M
0.00 0.00
e
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Pe
n [o/min]

2.6 Sile i brzine na obimu toka

M ei mi 0 r n
FOi = V i=0,377 d e
rd i 0i m
= 0.98
V km/h 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Rf 122.9 130.1 142.2 159.1 180.8 207.3 238.6 274.7
Rv 17.8 71.1 160.0 284.4 444.4 640.0 871.1 1137.8
Rf +Rv 140.7 201.2 302.2 443.5 625.2 847.2 1109.7 1412.5
Ru [3%] 361.34 361.34 361.34 361.34 361.34 361.34 361.34 361.34
Rf +Rv+Ru 502.02 562.59 663.52 804.84 986.52 1208.59 1471.02 1773.84
Ru [5%] 601.75 601.75 601.75 601.75 601.75 601.75 601.75 601.75
Rf +Rv+Ru 742.44 803.00 903.94 1045.25 1226.93 1449.00 1711.43 2014.25
Ru [10%] 1199.02 1199.02 1199.02 1199.02 1199.02 1199.02 1199.02 1199.02
Rf +Rv+Ru 1339.71 1400.27 1501.21 1642.52 1824.21 2046.27 2308.71 2611.52
Ru [15%] 1787.50 1787.50 1787.50 1787.50 1787.50 1787.50 1787.50 1787.50
Rf +Rv+Ru 1928.19 1988.75 2089.69 2231.00 2412.69 2634.75 2897.19 3200.00
Ru [20%] 2363.20 2363.20 2363.20 2363.20 2363.20 2363.20 2363.20 2363.20
 ne 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Pe 26.73 57.32 87.13 111.56 125.98 125.79
Me 255.30 273.67 277.34 266.32 240.60 200.20
rd 0.31045 0.31045 0.31045 0.31045 0.31045 0.31045
Fo1 9722.6 10422.1 10562.0 10142.3 9163.1 7624.2
V1 9.70 19.40 29.10 38.81 48.51 58.21
Fo2 6260.34 6710.72 6800.80 6530.57 5900.03 4909.19
V2 15.07 30.13 45.20 60.27 75.33 90.40
Fo3 4358.72 4672.30 4735.02 4546.87 4107.86 3417.99
V3 21.64 43.28 64.92 86.56 108.20 129.84
Fo4 3347.66 3588.50 3636.67 3492.17 3154.99 2625.15
V4 28.18 56.35 84.53 112.70 140.88 169.05
Fo5 2783.35 2983.59 3023.64 2903.50 2623.16 2182.63
V5 33.89 67.78 101.66 135.55 169.44 203.33
Fo6 2398.33 2570.87 2605.38 2501.85 2260.29 1880.70
V6 39.33 78.66 117.99 157.31 196.64 235.97

12000.00 4000.00
F1
3500.00
10000.00 F2

3000.00 F3
F4
8000.00
2500.00 F5

F F6
6000.00 2000.00
Rf
Rf+Rv
1500.00
4000.00 3%
1000.00 5%

2000.00 10%
500.00 15%
20%
0.00 V 0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250

2.7 Idealna hiperbola

Pe
FO =
V
V km/h 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
V m/s 5.6 11.1 16.7 22.2 27.8 33.3 38.9 44.4
FO 23040.0 11520.0 7680.0 5760.0 4608.0 3840.0 3291.4 2880.0
2.8 Dinamike karakteristike

G dV
FO=Gf cos +Gsin + KAV 2 +
g dt
FO RV dV
D= =f cos + sin +
G g dt
n 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
V km/h 9.70 19.40 29.10 38.81 48.51 58.21
V m/s 2.69 5.39 8.08 10.78 13.47 16.17
RV 4.18 16.73 37.65 66.93 104.57 150.58
I
FO 9722.6 10422.1 10562.0 10142.3 9163.1 7624.2
D 0.807 0.864 0.873 0.836 0.752 0.620
D' 0.606 0.648 0.656 0.628 0.564 0.466
V km/h 15.07 30.13 45.20 60.27 75.33 90.40
V m/s 4.19 8.37 12.56 16.74 20.93 25.11
RV 10.09 40.36 90.80 161.42 252.22 363.20
II
FO 6260.34 6710.72 6800.80 6530.57 5900.03 4909.19
D 0.519 0.554 0.557 0.529 0.469 0.377
D' 0.389 0.416 0.418 0.397 0.352 0.283
V km/h 21.64 43.28 64.92 86.56 108.20 129.84
V m/s 6.01 12.02 18.03 24.04 30.06 36.07
RV 20.81 83.25 187.31 333.00 520.31 749.25
III
FO 4358.72 4672.30 4735.02 4546.87 4107.86 3417.99
D 0.360 0.381 0.377 0.350 0.298 0.221
D' 0.270 0.286 0.283 0.263 0.224 0.166
V km/h 28.18 56.35 84.53 112.70 140.88 169.05
V m/s 7.83 15.65 23.48 31.31 39.13 46.96
RV 35.28 141.13 317.54 564.52 882.06 1270.16
IV
FO 3347.66 3588.50 3636.67 3492.17 3154.99 2625.15
D 0.275 0.286 0.275 0.243 0.189 0.112
D' 0.206 0.215 0.207 0.182 0.142 0.084
V km/h 33.89 67.78 101.66 135.55 169.44 203.33
V m/s 9.41 18.83 28.24 37.65 47.07 56.48

V RV 51.04 204.16 459.35 816.63 1275.98 1837.41

FO 2783.35 2983.59 3023.64 2903.50 2623.16 2182.63
D 0.227 0.231 0.213 0.173 0.112 0.029
D' 0.170 0.173 0.160 0.130 0.084 0.022
V km/h 39.33 78.66 117.99 157.31 196.64 235.97
V m/s 10.92 21.85 32.77 43.70 54.62 65.55
RV 68.74 274.97 618.68 1099.88 1718.56 2474.72
VI
FO 2398.33 2570.87 2605.38 2501.85 2260.29 1880.70
D 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.12 0.04 -0.05
D' 0.15 0.14 0.12 0.09 0.03 -0.04
V km/h 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
(3%) 0.0400 0.0400 0.0400 0.0400 0.0400 0.0400 0.0400 0.0400 0.0400
(5%) 0.0599 0.0599 0.0599 0.0599 0.0599 0.0599 0.0599 0.0599 0.0599
(10%) 0.1095 0.1095 0.1095 0.1095 0.1095 0.1095 0.1095 0.1095 0.1095
(15%) 0.1582 0.1582 0.1582 0.1582 0.1582 0.1582 0.1582 0.1582 0.1582
(20%) 0.2059 0.2059 0.2059 0.2059 0.2059 0.2059 0.2059 0.2059 0.2059

1.000 0.2500
D1
D1'
D2
0.800
0.2000 D2'
D3
D3'
0.600 D4
0.1500 D4'
D5
D 0.400
D5'
D6
0.1000 D6'
0.200 3%
5%
10
0.0500 %
0.000 15
0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 %
20
V %
-0.200 0.0000
 0.2500
D1
D1'
D2
0.2000 D2'
D3
D3'
D4
0.1500 D4'
D5
D5'
D6
0.1000 D6'
3%
5%
10
0.0500 %
15
250.00 %
20
%
0.0000
Rf +Rv+Ru 2503.89 2564.45 2665.39 2806.70 2988.39 3210.45 3472.89 3775.70