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2 значения m AVL PDF
2 значения m AVL PDF
AST@AVL.com
ROHR (Rate Of Heat Release) CLASSIFICATION
Spatial Discretization
Single Zone (Zero-Dimensional)
Two Zone (Quasi-Dimensional)
Ignition Type (Mixture Preparation)
Spark Ignition
Compression Ignition
ROHR Type
ROHR Input
ROHR predicted by Combustion Model
Source
Standard BOOST
User Coding
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 2
SPATIAL DISCRETIZATION / SINGLE ZONE
Governing Equations
Energy Conservation
d mc u dV dQF dQ dm
pc w hBB BB
d d d d d
1
pc mc R Tc
V
c mf FB mf1
mfCP
pc Cc mf
Sc C
mf Cc G
1
T
c FV
.
C mf
c n
C
c C /G Classic / General Species Transport
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 3
SPATIAL DISCRETIZATION / TWO ZONE /1
Energy Conservation for burned and
unburned Zone
dQF
dmbub dV dQ
pc b F
dQWb d d d
dQWb dmb dmBB ,b
pc , ub , mb , Rb , Tb d u d BB ,b d
h h
dQWu hu dmb
pc , uu , mu , Ru , Tu dmu uu dV dQ dmb dmBB ,u
pc u Wu hu hBB ,u
d d d d d
mb Rb Tb mu Ru Tu
1
pc
V
ROHR Approach
m 1 y m e a y
dQB a m1
QBT
d c
o
y
c ... Combustion Progress
Released Energy
m 1
0
QB QBT 1 e
a
Adaptation
For physical reasons preprocessing
performed to guarantee monotonic
increase of Fuel Burned
Data Source
Result of Combustion Analysis Tool
(BOOST-Burn)
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 6
ROHR INPUT FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES /3
Required Input
Same ROHR Approach as for Vibe Combustion Parameters and Ignition
Single Zone Delay for Reference Operating Point
State Vector of Burned Zone
allows to calculate: Model Approach for Variation of Ignition
NOx Production Delay and Combustion Duration dependent
(Extended Zeldovich) on Engine Speed
1/ 3
CO Production n f ref sref
2/3
(Onorati) c c ,ref
n
ref f s
State Vector of Unburned Zone
1/ 3 2/3
allows to calculate: n f sref
id id ref
Required Octane Number n f
ref ref s
1
1 t85% MFB
B
a s ... laminar flame speed
ON 100
n
pe TUBZ
dt
A f ... piston to head distance at ignition timing
t SOC
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 7
PREDICTED ROHR FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES /1
FRACTAL COMBUSTION MODEL
Motivation
All mentioned ROHR Types require input based on experimental data which
show usually a strong dependency on the operating point (speed, load-
signal) of the engine.
For optimization issues (variable valve timing, engine control strategies, ...) a
predictive combustion model which handles the influence of residual gas
content and charge motion is required.
This requirement can be fulfilled in a wide operation point range by the new
introduced Fractal Combustion Model
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 8
PREDICTED ROHR FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES /2
FRACTAL COMBUSTION MODEL
Characteristics /1
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 9
PREDICTED ROHR FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES /3
FRACTAL COMBUSTION MODEL
Mandelbrot Set
Characteristics /2
SL u
L
SL
Unburned Gas
SL
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 10
PREDICTED ROHR FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES /9
FRACTAL COMBUSTION MODEL
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 11
PREDICTED ROHR FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES /10
FRACTAL COMBUSTION MODEL
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 12
PREDICTED ROHR FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES /11
OPEN CHAMBER GAS ENGINE COMBUSTION MODEL
Main features:
2 Zone (unburned/burned) flame
propagation model
Arrhenius / Magnussen approach
combination for ignition delay simulation
In-cylinder turbulence level (used for the
relation between laminar and turbulent
flame speed) is sourced by swirl and
squish flow
Combined with BOOST Classic Gas
Properties Preparation Tool which allows
to generate properties for arbitrary fuel
blends (e.g. lean gas as mixture of CH4,
CO2, ), as alternative to general
species transport
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 13
ROHR INPUT FOR COMPRESSION IGNTION ENGINES /1
Vibe Single Zone
ROHR Approach
m 1 y m e a y
dQB a m1
QBT
d c
o
y
c ... Combustion Progress
ROHR Approach
Superposition of 2 Vibe
Functions to meet Premixed
Combustion Peak and/or more
Complex Injection Strategies
dQB dQB dQ
B
d d Vibe1 d Vibe2
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 15
ROHR INPUT FOR COMPRESSION IGNTION ENGINES /3
Table Single Zone Woschni/Anisits
Identical to spark ignition Required Input
engines +
Vibe Combustion Parameters and Ignition Delay
Evaporation Assumption for Reference Operating Point
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 16
PREDICTED ROHR FOR COMPRESSION IGNTION ENGINES /1
AVLMCC COMBUSTION MODEL
AVLMCC Combustion Model
Model Approach
Premixed combustion
is modeled by a vibe function which
parameters are determined from the ROI
(Rate of Injection) considering Ignition
delay.
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 17
PREDICTED ROHR FOR COMPRESSION IGNTION ENGINES /4
AVL MCC COMBUSTION MODEL
Intake
Throttle PL1 Intake Manifold
31
p_IM, T_IM
3
R3
MP23
25
p_EGR,
T_EGR
Calibration Parameters
4 5 6 7 8 9
CO3 MP4 MP5 MP6 MP7 MP8 MP9
p_2_1, EGR
T_2_1 MP3 Valve
24
R1 Cmod combustion constant
MP21 23
MP10
C1 TAZ2 C2
MP11
TAZ3 C3
MP12 MP13
C4
MP14
C5 TAZ6 C6
MP15
Cdiss dissipations constant
CO2
MP22 27
10
26
11
16
12
J2
13
17
14 15
Cturb turbulent constant
CO1 T_EGRHEO J5
p_31_1,
J1 J4 J3 MP16 CNO NOx formation constant
Charge Air T_31_1 MP17 MP18 p_31_2,
Cooler 18
R4
19
J7
T_31_2
Cign ignition delay constant
2
p_21, T_21 33
28
MP2
29
TC1 Wastegate
R2
p_11, T_11
MP1 MP19 30
CL1 20
SB1 MP25 J6 CAT1 SB2
32 1
MP20
21 22
MP24
Project Experience
Air Cleaner p_41, T_41, Exhaust Gas
NOx_S1, ... Treatment Devices
Burn_bst_MCC_Ah38_B50.cly
140
120
BMEP
BMEP
[bar]
[bar]
8.8542
9.0688 of operating points
ROHR [J/deg]
40
20
0
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Crankangle [deg]
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 18
PREDICTED ROHR FOR COMPRESSION IGNTION ENGINES /5
HCCI COMBUSTION MODEL
CHEMKIN compatible
no CHEMKIN needed
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 19
PREDICTED ROHR FOR COMPRESSION IGNTION ENGINES /6
HCCI COMBUSTION MODEL
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 20
BOOST CLASSIC / GENERAL SPECIES TRANSPORT
Classic General
Pre-defined Vibe (1zone, 2zone, Hires,...)
ROHR Table (1zone, 2zone)
Diesel: MCC
Calculated
Gasoline: Fractal
ROHR
HCCI -
User Coded Combustion Models
Utilites
Set Conditions at SHP
BOOST_CombustionModels_2011_Bras 22