9/9/2017 COMPOSITION OF ABRASIVE WHEELS - Novovodolazhsky Abrasive Plant

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COMPOSITION OF ABRASIVE WHEELS

11.09.2013

Abrasives for use in the production sector must be secured or designed as different tools and formulations,
including as abrasive cutting and grinding wheels.

Cut-off wheel for metal is made of brown aluminum oxide* on bakelite bond which gives strength to cutoff
wheel and prevents spreading of fragments in case of jamming or damaging of the wheel.

Stainless steel cutoff wheel for metal differs from the usual cutoff wheel for metal by its composition: iron,
sulfur and chlorine are excluded from the alloy. This type of cutoff wheels avoids contamination of the cut
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9/9/2017 COMPOSITION OF ABRASIVE WHEELS - Novovodolazhsky Abrasive Plant

material during processing. Cutoff wheels differ by the outer diameter, disk thickness and diameter of the bore.
Cutoff wheel diameter influences the depth of cut; the disk thickness is selected depending on the thickness of
the metal for cutting. Cutoff wheels are mounted on cutting machines with a special nut and bore which is
pressed with metal ring - to increase the wheel strength.

Cutoff wheel for stone is made of black silicon carbide** on bakelite bond. The alloy used in the manufacture
of cutoff wheels for stone gives the wheel high hardness and strength when cutting concrete constructions,
refractory bricks, natural and artificial stone.

Grinding wheel is composed of brown aluminum oxide* on bakelite bond. The maximum speed of this type of
wheels is 80 m/s. Grinding wheel is used for cleaning and stripping of products made from different grades of
steel. It prevents contamination of the working surfaces of products and micro-cracking.

Bakelite bond consists of bakelite - the synthetic resin made of carbolic acid and formaldehyde. Wheels on this
bond are durable, flexible, allow for large circumferential speed, but are destroyed by alkaline coolants. To avoid
this, it is recommended to impregnate the wheel with paraffin. The disadvantage of bakelite bond is that it loses
strength when heated above 180 C. In order to reduce roughness of processed surfaces the abrasive tools on
bakelite bond are sometimes filled with graphite.

Bakelite bond reduces heating of components, provides for high-grades of surface finish, and has higher
strength as compared to the ceramic one and increases in size under constant load.

* Aluminum oxide or fused

corundum (Al2O3) is a
crystalline aluminum oxide
obtained from bauxite clay
containing about 60% of
aluminum. It is referred to as
the fused corundum due to the
technology of its production in
electric arc furnaces.

The purity percentage of

aluminum oxide (9499%) and
degree of its hardness makes it
one of the varieties of grain
used for manufacture of
grinding or cutoff wheels or
other abrasive tools for
processing of wood or metals.

** Silicon Carbide (SiC) is the

result of synthesis of oil with
natural quartz sand in electric
furnaces heated to the
temperature higher than 2,000 C. Under these conditions the mixture is crystallized to form silicon carbide.
Silicon carbide has solid grains with an ordered crystalline structure which has particularly high cutting capacity
allowing to effectively process paints and varnishes, putties, ceramics and stone, iron and titanium, as well as
rubber and various polymers.

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2013 Novovodolazkyi Abrasive Plant Ltd.

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