NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6

Vectors
A

1. Refer to figure 1 , given that

E
point D, E, F are the midpoint of the F O

side of triangle ABC.

B C

D
1
Given BC 12 x , AC 6 y~ , OD 3 AD ,
~
Figure 1

(a) write in term of x

~
and y :
~

(i) AD (ii) OD (iii) AF (iv) CO (v) CF

(b) Find the value of k , if CO k CF

2x
S ~ R

1 T 6y
Refer to figure 2 , ST SQ and U ~
2.
2

P Q
1 4x
PU PR . Write in term of x and y : ~
4 ~ ~
Figure 2

(i) SQ (ii) ST (iii) PU (iv) SP (v) SU

3. The three points O, P and Q are such that OP 2 i 3 j and
~ ~

OQ q i 2q j . Given that PQ is a unit vector , calculate the possible
~ ~
values of q .
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

4. Find the values of p for which the vector p 1~i 2 p 6 j has magnitude
~
10 units.

5. Given that a 4 i 3 j , b 2 i 4 j and c 22 i 11 j . Find the value of

~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~

the constants m and n if m a n b c .

~ ~ ~

6. Given OA 7 i 9 j and OB ( p 1) i 3 j . Find p if OA OB .
~ ~ ~ ~

7. Given a 2 i 3 j and b 2 i j . Point P(3,3) and point Q(9,2) .

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

If PQ h a k b where h and k are constant, find the values of h
~ ~

and k .

8. If x 2 i j and y i 3 j , find the value of p if 2 p x 3 y is parallel to

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

y-axis.

9. Given OA 5 i 2 j and OB 2 i 8 j and C is a point on AB where
~ ~ ~ ~
1
AC AB Find (a) AB (b) OC
3
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

10. The triangle ABC has its vertices at the points A ( -1 , 3 , 0 ) , B (-3 , 0 , 7),
C ( -1 , 2 , 3 ) .

a) Find in the form ai + bj + ck the vectors representing :

(i) AB (ii) AC (iii) CB

b) calculate AB , AC and CB .

c) Find the angle between AB and AC . ( Hint : use cosines law)

d) Find the unit vector in the direction of AB

11. The position vectors of points A and B relative to an origin O are i 8 j and
~ ~

5 i 12 j respectively. C is a point on AB such that AC : CB = 1 : 3 and M

~ ~
is the mid point of AB . Determine :

(a) vector OM (b) vector AB (b) vector OC

12. The angle between the vectors a and b is 120. If a 5 and b 3 find

a) a b

b) ab

13. If a and b are vectors such that a 2 , b 4 and the angle between a and b

is , find the angle between
3

a) a and a - b

b) b and a + b

c) 3a - b and b
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

In Questions 14 to 16, OA = a = 4i 12j and OB = b = i + 6j

14. Which of the following vectors are parallel to a?

(a) i + 3j (b) i + 3j (c) 12i 4j (d) 4i + 12j (e) i 3j

15. Which of the following vectors are equal to b ?

(a) 2i + 12j (b) i 6j (c) AE if E is (5,-6) (d) AF if F is (6,0)

16. If OD OA , find the value of for which OD OB is parallel to the x-axis.

17. Find the coordinate of P if

a) OP = 6 and OP is in the direction of 2i 3j + 6k

b) OP = 2 and OP is in the direction of 8i + 4j k

18. a) Find the vector V if

i) V = OP where P is the point ( 0,4,5)

ii) V =24 units and V 2
3
i 2
3
j 13 k

iii) V is parallel to the vector 8i + j + 4k and equal in magnitude to the

vector i 2j + 2k

b) Determine the force, F, which has a magnitude of 28 kN in the direction

of the vector AB where A (1,3,5) and B (7,1,2)

 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

19. Suppose that an airplane flying at 250 km-per-hour (kmph) headed due south
is blown off course by 40 kmph winds from the east. By what angle is the
plane blown off its intended path and what is its ground speed ?

20. A river flows due south at 125 meter per minute. In what direction must a
motorboat that can travel 500 meter per minute, be headed so that it actually
travels due east ?

21. Two forces of 50 N and 75 N act on an object at right angles. Find the
magnitude of the resultant force and the angle it makes with the larger force.

22. A 250 kg spherical lead ball is placed on a ramp that has an incline of 22 with
the horizontal. How much force is pulling down the ramp and how much force
is pressing on a line perpendicular against the ramp ? ( Let gravity, g 9.8 )
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

RESULTANT FORCE

23. Determine the horizontal component, Fx and vertical component, Fy of the

force F shown in the figure 3.

Figure 3

24. Figure 4 shows a force, F, of 10 kN applied at an angle . Obtain the

horizontal component and vertical component of the force F.

Figure 4

25. Figure 5 shows forces F1 and F2 exerted on particle O. The resultant force ,
F F1 F2 , is horizontal . Determine F if F2 has a magnitude of 10 N.

Figure 5
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

26. Figure 6 shows forces F1 and F2 of magnitude 7 kN and 20 kN respectively.

Determine the resultant force .

Figure 6

RESULTANT FORCE OF VECTORS IN CARTESIAN CO-ORDINATES

27. A projectile is fired with an initial velocity of 20 m/s and makes an angle of the
60 with the horizontal ( figure 7). Write the velocity in i and j notation.

Figure 7

28. Figure 8 shows an object O subject to forces F1 and F2 . Find the resultant
force R.

Figure 8
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

29. Figure 9 shows three forces F1 , F2 and F3 applied to an object O.

Determine the resultant force R.

Figure 9

30. Forces, F1 , F2 , F3 and F4 all act through the same point in a body such that
the body is in equilibrium, that is F1 F2 F3 F4 0 . Obtain the force F1
given that F2 3i j k , F3 2i 3 j 10k , and F4 i 5 j 3k .

31. Determine the resultant force , F F1 F2 F3 F4 of the following forces:

F1 i j 3k

F2 has a magnitude of 26 N in the direction of 12i 5k

F3 has a magnitude of 18 N in the direction of 2i 2 j k

F4 has a magnitude of 12 N in the direction of 4i 4 j 2k

32. Let A, B and C have co-ordinates (-16, 30,19), (-12, -17, -23) and

(-1, 27, -31) respectively. Let FAB be the force applied in the direction of
AB and FAC be the force applied in the direction of AC . Given that the
magnitude of FAB is 850 kN and the magnitude of FAC is 700 kN, determine
F FAB FAC . Also find the magnitude of F.
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

ANSWERS

1. (a) (i) 6( y x) (ii) 2( y x)

~ ~ ~ ~

(iii) 3( y 2 x) (iv) 2(2 x y )

~ ~ ~
~

2
(v) 3(2 x y ) (b) k
~ 3
~

2. (i) 2 x 6 y (ii) x 3 y
~ ~ ~ ~

3
(iii) x y (iv) 2 x 6 y
~ 2 ~ ~
~

6 9
3. q , q2
(v) 4. p , p7
5 5

5. m5 , n 1 6. p 10 , p 12

3
7. h2 , k 1 8. p
4

9. (a) AB 3 i 6 j (b) OC 4 i 4 j , OC 4 2
~ ~ ~ ~

10. (a) i) AB 2 i 3 j 7 k (ii) AC j 3 k
~ ~ ~ ~ ~

(iii) CB 2 i 2 j 4 k
~ ~ ~

(b) AB 62 AC 10 CB 2 6

2i 3j 7k
(d) AB
~ ~ ~
(c) 15.45 0

62 62 62

11. (a) OM 3 i 2 j (b) AB 4 i 20 j (c) OC 2 i 3 j
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

12. (a) 7 units (b) 19 units

13. (a) 90O (b) 19.1O

(c) 100.9O

14. (b) , (d) , (e) 15. (c)

16. 1

2

17. (a) 12 18 36 (b) 16 8 2

, , , ,
7 7 7 9 9 9

8 1 4
i j k
18. (i) 4 j 5 k (ii) 16 i 16 j 8 k (iii) 3~ 3 ~ 3 ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~

b) F=(24i-8j-12k) kN

19. 9.1 , 253.2 kmph 20. N 75.52 E

21. 90.1 N , 33.7 22. Fd 917.8 N , Fa 2271.6 N

23. Fx 8.66 kN, Fy 5 kN,

24. Fx 3.94 kN, Fy 9.19 kN,

25 10.85 N

26. 24.27 kN at an angle of 45.54 anticlockwise from F1

27. 10 i 17.32 j
 NCB 10103: MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS 1 Tutorial 6
Vectors

28. R has magnitude of 20.34 kN at an angle of 24.66 from the positive

horizontal axis.

29. R has magnitude 5.72 kN and is at an angle of 263.41 from the positive
horizontal axis.

30. 7 j 8k

31. (45i 21 j 15k ) N

32. (254.645 i 672.697 j 1234.618 k ) kN

Magnitude = 1428.86 kN