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Phonetics Hand Out Notes
Phonetics Hand Out Notes
Phonetic Transcription
Articulation of Sounds
Phonetics
Darrell Larsen
Linguistics 101
Outline
1 What Is Phonetics?
2 Phonetic Transcription
Phonetic Alphabet
Transcription
3 Articulation of Sounds
Articulation of Consonants
Articulation of Vowels
Other Languages
What Is Phonetics?
Definition
the study of speech sounds
Notes
Articulatory Phonetics
Notes
Question
Why not just use the Roman alphabet?
Notes
Notes
English Czech
hci [k] hci [ts]
cat co what
cord Vaclav (name)
cup tricet thirty
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
*Note that Language Files has slightly different categories in some cases. We will follow the book.
Notes
Transcription Examples
Transcriptions
ways [weIz] Sprite [spAIt] that [Dt]
achieve [@tSiv] energetic [EndZER@k] spelling [spElIN]
use [jus] cowboy "
[kh AUbOI] pudding [ph URIN]
Free Variation
In some instances, there can be some variation in the
pronunciation.
cat [kh t] or [kh t^] or [kh P]
Notes
Aspiration
Transcriptions
pet [ph Et] tea [th i] cat [kh t]
bet [bEt] deep [dip] gift [gIft]
spot [spAt] stuck [st2k] scar [skA]
whip [wIp] sat [st] beak [bik]
Question
Which sounds in English can be aspirated?
What do these sounds have in common?
In which phonetic environment(s) are these sounds aspirated?
Notes
Flapping
What we spell with hti, htti, hdi, hddi is often not [t] or [d],
but rather the flap [R]
Question
In which phonetic environment(s) does the flap appear?
Notes
Transcription Notes
Notes
Charts are available on the back cover or your book. Be sure to note the additions I make.
Notes
Places of Articulation
Source: [Bergmann et al., 2007, p. 49] Source: [Ladefoged & Maddieson, 1996, p. 13]
Notes
Places of Articulation
2 labiodental
3 interdental
4 alveolar
5 postalveolar
6 palatal
7 velar
8 glottal
Notes
Manners of Articulation
2 fricative
3 affricate
4 flap *(add this row to your books chart!)
5 nasal
6 liquid (lateral and retroflex)
7 glide
Notes
Voicing
Notes
2 tongue advancement
3 tenseness
Notes
Height
Notes
Tongue Advancement
Notes
Tenseness
Notes
Lip Rounding
Notes
Monophthongs
(Add [e] and [o] to your books chart. You will need to know their features.)
Notes
Diphthongs
Notes
Notes