& MOTOROLA TDA4600 —EE—— | Specifications and Applications Information FLYBACK CONVERTER REGULATOR CONTROL caRcUIT ‘CONTROL IC FOR LINE ISOLATED FREELY ‘SILICON MONOLITHIC OSCILLATING FLYBACK CONVERTER INTEGRATED CIRCUIT The bipolar Integrated circuit TDAG60O drives, regulates and monitors the switching transistor in a power supply based on freely oscillating flyback converters, Due to the wide regulating range and the high voltage stability uring large load changes, SMPS for Hi-Fi equipment and active loudspeakers can be realized a8 well os applications in TV re ceivers and video recorders. The TDA4600 is available in a S-pin SIP plastic medium-power package. The ambient temperature during operation ean be hon ~15Ct0 +85, '¢ Wide Operational Range * High Voltage Stability Even at High Load Changes * Direct Control of Switching Transistor a © Low Start-Up Current Plastic * Linear Foldback of the Overload Characteristic MEDIUM POWER PACKAGE (CASE 762.01 '* Base Drive Proportional to the Current Through the Power ‘Switching Transistor PIN CONNECTIONS BLOCK DIAGRAM fatorenco {1 ] 2ero Detection [2 Feedback C} 9 Sawtooth Gen. 4 ea Innis — (CO Gna Je p= | Sink Output] 7 | Source Output J 8 1| veces | J aa f ee ORDERING INFORMATION Temperature ] Device Range Package some) | —iwete +060 | Pees | MOTOROLA LINEAR/INTERFACE DEVICES 4-905,TDA4600 (MAXIMUM RATINGS ng ‘Symbol Value | Unit Suppy Votiage Ve. 20 v Sink Output Voriage v7 O10 Ve Source Output Ve ove |v vee 260 Reference Output a =i01 +10] ma Zero Passage 2 3010 130] ma, Control Ameiifer ny =30%00 [ma Collector Curent Balancing ly 2010 +50) ma] Trigger input 's =2010 +30] mA ‘Sink Output Curent i 15 | ‘Source Output Current ‘a a5 A Junction Temperature Coy 1150 © ‘Storage Temperature Tg a + 125| Therm! Resistance Pasa 7 "ow (Gunesionso-Ait Rac 5 “ow _ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tq = 125°C uniess otherwise noted Operating Conditions Symbol [Fig | Min | Typ | Max | une Sooply Vatoge " Yo. = [>= ~w tv [ambient Temperature Ta sf [> s |< ‘START OPERATION ~ ‘Currant Consumption Wy nol yet switched) is T ~ |. — | 5 ] mm Vp 20V 5 1 | = | as | 20 | ma Ve = 50 8 i 2a | 32 | ma Ye = 10v Ye eae early [Turon Point for Vs i - NORMAL OPERATION {V9 = 10 V: Vrog = ~10 Vi Vpulge = =O V:{ = 20 Kz: duty eyele: vs after the tur-on process is completed) ‘Current Consumption Vreg = —10¥ ‘» [+ | 1 ) 15] 160 | ma Ven = 0 5 es ost tool et 0) elerence Voltage Vi = 0.1 mA vy 1 | 40 | 42 [as |v Vi = 50 ma, vt ils 08m |erazel| ea | Reterence Volege Temperature Coeticiont Tex 3 =F ee [Feedback Voltage ve | + | — |e] — |] v Regulating Vologe Vieg = OV va]? | 23 [268 | 20] v Collector Current Balancing Vorage Vv Veg = OV var 1 | 18 | 22 | as Vieg = OV! 10 svat 1 | os | os | os ‘Max Trager input Voltages Limitation Vs 1 [ss [ss | 70 |v ‘Output Votage v Vrog = OY 1 | 27 | a3 | 40 reg = OV ie 27 toes || a reg = O¥/-10¥ 1 | te | ve | 22 On 6 parton MOTOROLA LINEAR/INTERFACE DEVICES 4-306TDA4600 PROTECTIVE OPERATION V3 = 10 V; Vigg = 10 V: Voutse =05 Vif = 20 the; duty eye: 1) [current consumption vg < 18 [ing ea aa co ase Turmalt Vege ig 18 ee wot a | te | ot | Exerel Tage nt T v Enea Votoge eeg - OV) wef + | — | as | oe tied Voge fing © 0 ve ft | ie | | 2 Supply Voltage Disabling Va \Wreg = OV) vo {1 | a7 | 7 | 78] v RANGE OF OPERATION [Tumor Tine (Secondary Vhages 2 =e otseo | ewo ar | Votape crenge 1 | When $3" Closed (Ps ~ 19 W Audio Frequency Output ' ) | Power a2 | 2 | — | 10 | soo _titon 9 = ciowd (9 ~ 1801 we |i t}o {els | ‘Standby Operation (Secondory Useable Power = 30 Wi ae en When St = Open 7 2/m) ep) 2] tom | 2 | “| | a | WY FIGURE 1 — MEASURING CIRCUIT 0 ‘= must Be optimised, taking the maximum data (Ty Raggy Raya, TaD FIGURE 2 — TEST DIAGRAM: NORMAL OPERATION ToAs600 T | ree Re = hrooe’ 20 f f CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The TOA4E0O regulates, controls, and protects the ‘switching transistor in flyback converter power supplics at starting, normal and overload op A. Starting Behavior ‘At the start-up there ar states. hree consecutive operation 1. An internal reference voltage is created. It supplies the voltage regulator and enables the supply to the coupling electrolytic capacitor and the switching transistor. For a supply voltage of Vg = 12, the current Ig is less than 3,2 mA, 2, Release of the internal reference voitege Vy ~ 4.0 V. This voltage is available when Vg = 12 V and MOTOROLA LINEAR/INTERFACE DEVICES 4-307TDA4600 enables all parts of the IC to be supplied from the control logic with thermal and overload protection. 3. Release of control logic — As soon as the reference voltage is available, the control is switched on through an additional stabilization circuit, This startup sequence is necessary for driving the switching transistor through the coupling electrolytic capacitor. B. Normal Operation Zero crossing detection is sensed on Pin 2 and linked to the control logic. ‘The signal picked up on the feedback winding is ap plied, after filtering, to Pin 3 (used for input regulation ‘and for overload protection). The regulating section ‘works with an input voitage of about 2.0 V for normal regulation and a current of about 1.4 mA for foldback ‘operation. Together with the collector current simula: tion Pin 4, the overiaad recognition defines the oper- ating region of the regulating amplifier depending on the internal reference voltage. The simulation of the collector current is generated by an external RC network at Pin 4 and an internally set voltage level. For a constant line and for @ given output power on the load (top fixed) less than the maximum output power, @ decrease of C Pin 4 produces an increase of FIGURE 3 — FREQUENCY versus OUTPUT POWER, SS 4 [ a = we ee UTPUT POWER w FREQUENCY the current sent to the base of the power ewitching transistor. So the foldback point is reached earlier. The regulation range starts from a 2.0 Vac level which isthe bottom of a sawtooth waveform whose top is limited at 40 V (reference voltage. ‘A secondary load of 19 W produces a switching fr quency of about 50 kH2 at an almost constant duty cycle, Furthermore, when the switchmode power supply d livers approximately 3.0 W, the switching frequency jumps to about 70 kHz. At the same time, the collector peak current falls below 1.0 A. “The comparison of the output level of the regulating amplifier, the overload detection and the collector cur rent simulation drives the control logic. An addtional steering contro! and blocking possiblity is offered thru Pin 5. When the voltage applied on Pin 5 falls below 2.2 V, the source output (Pin 8) is blocked. The control logic is set according ta the start-up cir. ‘uit, the zero crossing detection and the trigger enable. This logic drives the base current amplifier and the base ‘current shutdown, The base current amplifier drives the source output (Pin 8) proportionally to the sawtooth voltage (Pin 4). A current feedback is performed by an ‘external shunt inserted between Pin 8 and the base of the switching power transistor. This shunt value deter mines the maximum amplitude of the base current drive FIGURE 4 — EFFICIENCY versus OUTPUT POWER, ee a (TT POWER W MOTOROLA LINEAR/INTERFACE DEVICES 4-308TDA4600 C. Protective Features The base current shutdown, released by the control logic, clamps the sink output (Pin 7} at 1.6 V, turning off the switching transistor. This feature will be released if the voltage on Pin 9is less than 7.4 V, or if the applied voltage on Pin § is less than 2.2 V. In case of a short Circuit of the secondary windings, the TDA4600 conti. tuously monitors the fault condition, FIGURE 5 — LOAD CHARACTERISTICS (V ~ f/ga) ‘TPUT VOLTAGE vp ee OUTPUT CURRENT In standby operation the circuit is set to @ high duty cycle. The total power consumption ofthe power supply 's held below 6.0 to 10 W. Once the output is blocked {due to the supply voltage coming dawn to 7.4 VI, @ further voltage reduction to 6.0 V switches off the ref. erence voitage, FIGURE 6 — OUTPUT VOLTAGE V2 line change! sq TI = ft fH 5 = g 5 tol er t ‘| ai vo ! Tt 20 ae ae ee aa Le Vota) TEST CIRCUIT AND TYPICAL APPLICATION (see Figure 7 on the next page) ‘This application circuit shown in Figure 7 represents 2 blocking converter for color TV sets with 30 W to 120 W of output power and line voltages from 160 V to 200. This circuit shows the low number of external com- ponents. Inspite of regulation on the primary side, high Voltage stability of the various secondary voltages. is achieved even with large load changes. For line isolation and transformation to the desired secondary voltages, a transformer with ferrite core is used, ‘SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE FLYBACK CONVERTER. POWER SUPPLY USING THE TDA4600 {Direct driving of the power switching transistor © Low starting current, defines starting behavior even at slowly rising line voltage ‘© Shortcircuit proof and open-loop resistant circuit. In both cases a power of only 6.0 t0 10 W is consumed. Linear foldback characteristic at overioad ‘© Automatic restart after elimination of the overload © Efficiency of more than 80% at an output power of 400 100 W © Frequency of ocilltion between 20 kHz (100 W) and 70 kHz (without load) * Simple RF I suppression * Good regulation of load current and line voltage var iations. At 2 line voltage variation between 170 and 240 Vac the output voltage of 150 V will change oniy by about 20 V MOTOROLA LINEAR/INTERFACE DEVICES 4-309TDA4600 1Na006 FIGURE 7 — TYPICAL APPLICATION nasa a 20 | ‘20 mail v 2 ava Pa St larog 1840 os ° 4600 Co 13 YS 3| 12k rox TNE934 6 A work Lote van a 2 ait pot get te woAaroAs too Gov a] Ct tits tre mason eller cu —Ceimus be dachorge btore fe chee MOTOROLA LINEAR/INTERFACE DEVICES 4-310