ITALY

Cosine
Italian cuisine is characterized by its extreme simplicity, with many dishes having only four to eight ingredients.
[208]
Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation. [209] Dishes and
recipes are often the creation of grandmothers rather than of chefs, which makes many recipes ideally suited for
home cooking.
This is one of the main reasons behind the ever increasing popularity of this cuisine, as cooking magazines in
foreign countries popularize Italian recipes targeted at the home cook. Ingredients and dishes vary by region. Many
dishes that were once regional, however, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.
Cheese, ham and wine are a major part of the cuisine, with many variations and Denominazione di origine
controllata (DOC) (regulated appellation) laws.Coffee, specifically espresso, has become important in Italian cuisine.

Fotana de trevi
The Trevi Fountain is a fountain in the Trevi district in Rome, Italy. Standing 26.3 metres (86 ft) high and 49.15
metres (161.3 ft) wide,[1] it is the largest Baroque fountain in the city and one of the most famous fountains in the
world.
Coin throwing[edit]
A traditional legend holds that if visitors throw a coin into the fountain, they are ensured a return to Rome. [10]This
was the theme of 1954's Three Coins in the Fountain and the Academy Award-winning song by that name which
introduced the picture.
An estimated 3,000 Euros are thrown into the fountain each day.[11] The money has been used to subsidize a
supermarket for Rome's needy;[11]however, there are regular attempts to steal coins from the fountain. [11][12][13]

Torre de pissa
The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa) is
the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its
unintended tilt to one side. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third oldest structure in Pisa's Cathedral
Square (Piazza del Duomo) after the Cathedral and the Baptistry. The tower's tilt began during construction, caused
by an inadequate foundation on ground too soft on one side to properly support the structure's weight. The tilt
increased in the decades before the structure was completed, and gradually increased until the structure was
stabilized (and the tilt partially corrected) by efforts in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
The height of the tower is 55.86 m (183.27 ft) from the ground on the low side and 56.70 m (186.02 ft) on the high
side. The width of the walls at the base is 4.09 m (13.42 ft) and at the top 2.48 m (8.14 ft). Its weight is estimated at
14,500 metric tons (16,000 short tons). The tower has 296 or 294 steps; the seventh floor has two fewer steps on
the north-facing staircase. Prior to restoration work performed between 1990 and 2001, the tower leaned at an
angle of 5.5 degrees,[1][2][3] but the tower now leans at about 3.99 degrees. [4] This means that the top of the tower is
displaced horizontally 3.9 metres (12 ft 10 in) from where it would be if the structure were perfectly vertical. [5]

Plaza de san marcos

The Piazza[2] is dominated at its eastern end by the great church of St Mark. It is described here by a perambulation
starting from the west front of the church (facing the length of the Piazza) and proceeding to the right.

The west facade of St Mark's basilica

The church is described in the article St Mark's Basilica, but there are aspects of it which are so much a part of the
Piazza that they must be mentioned here, including the whole of the west facade with its great arches and marble
decoration, the Romanesque carvings round the central doorway and, above all, the four horses which preside over
the whole piazza and are such potent symbols of the pride and power of Venice that the Genoese in 1379 said that
there could be no peace between the two cities until these horses had been bridled; [3] four hundred years later,
Napoleon, after he had conquered Venice, had them taken down and shipped to Paris.

Gondolas
The gondola is a traditional, flat-bottomed Venetian rowing boat, well suited to the conditions of the Venetian
lagoon. For centuries gondolas were the chief means of transportation and most common watercraft within Venice.
In modern times the iconic boats still have a role in public transport in the city, serving as traghet (ferries) over the
Grand Canal. They are also used in special regattas (rowing races) held amongst gondoliers. The gondola is
propelled like punting, except an oar is used instead of a pole. [1] Their primary role today, however, is to carry
tourists on rides at fixed rates.[2]

Coliseo romano
The Colosseum or Coliseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium;
Italian: Anfiteatro Flavio or Colosseo) is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy. Built
of concrete and stone,[1] it was the largest amphitheatre of the Roman Empire, and is considered one of the
greatest works of Roman architecture and engineering. It is the largest amphitheatre in the world.[2]
The Colosseum is situated just east of the Roman Forum. Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in 70
AD,[3] and was completed in 80 AD under his successor and heir Titus.[4] Further modifications were made during
the reign of Domitian (8196).[5] These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty, and the amphitheatre
was named in Latin for its association with their family name (Flavius).

La Catedral de Florencia (Santa Mara del Fiore) es uno de los edificios ms grandes de la cristiandad, ms
conocida como la Baslica de Santa Maria del Fiore en Florencia, Italia.
Vatican City was established as an independent state in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty, signed by Cardinal Secretary of
State Pietro Gasparri, on behalf of Pope Pius XI and by Prime Minister Benito Mussolini on behalf of King Victor
Emmanuel III of Italy.[16] The treaty spoke of it as a new creation (Preamble and Article III), not as a vestige of the
much larger Papal States (7561870) that had previously encompassed much of central Italy. Vatican City State is
distinct from the Holy See,[17] which dates back to early Christianity and is the main episcopal see of
1.2 billion Latinand Eastern Catholic adherents around the globe. Ordinances of Vatican City are published in Italian;
official documents of the Holy See are issued mainly in Latin. The two entities have distinct passports: the Holy See,
not being a country, issues only diplomatic and service passports, whereas Vatican City State issues normal
passports.
Vatican City is an ecclesiastical[3] or sacerdotal-monarchical[4] state, ruled by the Bishop of Romethe Pope. The
highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergymen of various national origins. It is the sovereign territory of the
Holy See (Sancta Sedes) and the location of the Pope's residence, referred to as the Apostolic Palace. The Popes
have generally resided in the area that in 1929 became Vatican City since the return fromAvignon in 1377, but have
also at times resided in the Quirinal Palace in Rome and elsewhere.