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Member Country Report of Indonesia: 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia
Member Country Report of Indonesia: 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia
Submitted by
DELEGATION OF INDONESIA
GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR
1. MINERAL PROGRAMME
1.1. Summary
World market prices for some mineral commodities have tended to increase recently
caused by political turmoil and economic policies in some countries and this has triggered an
increase in mineral exploration activities in Indonesia. Various local and foreign companies
continue to engage in intensive exploration activity. The Miwah project in Aceh, Belu
Manganese Project in the Belu Regency of West Timor, Lakuwahi project on Romang Island,
the Randu Kuning project in Wonogiri Regency, Suruh and Timahan prospect, Trenggalek
Regency, Soro Arc Exploration in East Sumbawa, Tumpangpitu project, Banyuwangi
Regency and the Tembang Gold and Silver Project in Central Sumatera are several projects
that are still ongoing and are expected to find new resources of metallic minerals in Indonesia.
Chinas policy of termination of rare earth exports has increased the price of these raw
materials for worldwide high technology usage. These resulted in a shift in demand for
mineral commodities which also affect mining activities in Indonesia. The Geological Agency
of Indonesia is actively conducting REE exploration in anticipation of providing preliminary
REE exploration data and information.
Resources and reserves of metallic minerals continue to change with exploration and
production activities of existing companies. Of these, Grasberg, Batuhijau, Gosowong,
Pongkor is still the largest contributor of resources, reserves and production as well as gold
and or copper in Indonesia. While Soroako, Pomalaa, Weda Bay, P. Gag and Tanjung Buli is
the largest contributor of resources and reserves of nickel.
Total resources and reserves of some metallic minerals in Indonesia as atl 2011are
described in table 1.
2. ENERGY PROGRAMME
2.1. HYDROCARBON
2.1.1. Summary
Indonesia, like most developing countries, is a fossil-fuel driven country. The primary
energy source fueling Indonesias economy continues to be oil at 50% in 2011. Coal
consumption is becoming more widespread accounting for 24% as the second most consumed
fuel, surpassing gas at 20%. Coal will be the primary domestic energy source, particularly to
fuel new power generation capacity. Hydro and other renewable sources share 6% in the total
energy mix.
Indonesias crude oil production has been declining since 1998, due to maturation of the
countrys largest oil fields and failure to develop new, comparable resources. Oil production
of existing fields naturally declines by approximately 12% per year. By making continuousl
efforts, this production decline could be controlled and limited to about 3% per year.
According to the Directorat General Oil and Gas, Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Resources, the total of Indonesian oil reserves in 2011 was 7,732 million barrels, consisting of
proven reserves of 4,040 million barrels and potential reserves of 3,693 million barrels. With
the total production of 339 million barrel a year in 2010, this means that the proven reserves
are sufficient for only about 12 years if additional proven reserves are not acquired.
Additional oil reserves could be found through the successful implementation of EOR
technologies in potential fields and by exploration drilling in hydrocarbon basins which are
not yet explored.
In contrast with oil production, Indonesias gas production has been increasing since
2007 and is still expected to grow further in the coming years. The increase of gas production
is prioritized for domestic needs. The total of Indonesian gas reserves in 2010 amounted to
153 trillion cubic feet, comprised of proven reserves 105 trillion cubic feet and potential
reserves 48 trillion cubic feet. With the total production 3196 billion cubic feet a year in 2010,
it means that the proven reserves will last for only about 33 years if there are no new
discoveries.
Driven by the fact that the reserves replacement ratios (RRR) for oil and gas are only
36% and 41% respectively, while domestic consumption does not show a significant decrease,
efforts have been prompted to develop unconventional hydrocarbon resources in addition to
renewable energy resources.
In recent years, acceptance of coal bed methane (CBM) as an alternative natural gas
supply is evidenced by the increasing number of operating area licenses issued by the
government. The first gas production for electricity from CBM is targeted for the end of 2011.
Included in unconventional gas is shale-gas. Based on the results of temporary
identification, Indonesian shale-gas resources are in four regions of Sumatra, Java,
Production
No. Project Designed Capacity
Commenced
Gas: 100 MMSCFD
1. Tunu 13 C 2012
Oil: 800 BOPD
2. Peciko 7B Gas: 220 MMSCFD 2012
3. Terang Sirasun Gas: 300 MMSCFD 2012
4. Sumpal Gas: 40 MMSCFD 2013
5. Rubi Gas: 50 MMSCFD 2013
6. South Mahakam Gas: 202 MMSCFD 2013
7. Banyu Urip Oil: 165000 BOPD 2014
8. Ande-Ande Lumut Oil: 4300 BOPD 2014
Gas: 100 MMSCFD
9. Madura BD 2014
Oil: 750 BOPD
10. Kepondang Gas: 116 MMSCFD 2014
In finding oil and gas reserves, exploration consisting seismic survey and exploration
drilling is undertaken. In 2011, exploration drilling was done in 99 wells of 237 planned
wells. The number of development wells reached 905 higher than programmed of 895 wells as
shown in Figure 6. Recently, it is noted that KKKS operating in Indonesia is 256 KKKS, in
which 67 KKKS are in production, while 157 KKKS are in exploration and 50 KKKS are
CBM.
In the last 3 years, the bidding for oil and gas working areas tends to decrease due to
lack of good quality data. To encourage investors to be interested in developing oil and gas in
Indonesia, the government has to try to improve such data, especially survey and seismic data
quality. To address this issue, a workshop organized by the Geological Agency of Ministry of
Energy and Mineral Resources was held on June 2011 to set up a Road Map for Upstream
Exploration of Oil and Gas.
CBM exploration and development has intensified in Indonesia in recent years,
particularly since the first Production Sharing Contracts were awarded in 2008. At the same
time gas prices have risen sharply, to $11/Mcf in Central Sumatra and $15/Mcf in East
Kalimantan. (Note that gas prices are 5 to 10 times higher than in North America.)
In March 2011 BP and ENI (VICO) established the countrys first commercial CBM
production, exporting liquefied natural gas from the under-utilized Bontang liquefaction
facility to the high-priced north Asia markets. This project established the worlds first export
of CBM-to-LNG, several years ahead of the Australian plants under construction. ENI
estimated CBM production could reach 420 MMcfd by 2020 from their 13-Tcf block.
ExxonMobil, TOTAL, Dart Energy, and Santos also are testing CBM PSCs, some quite close
to CBM Asias interests. To date, there are 52 active CBM Production Sharing Contracts
across 11 different basins. Figure 1 depicts Indonesias CBM contract area map as of August
2011.
Indonesia is developing unconventional gas (that is shale gas) besides CBM. Indonesian
shale gas potency is predicted at around 574 TSCF. It is bigger than CBM, which is about 453
TSCF. Shale gas is gas generated from shale rock fragments or a place in which natural gas is
formed. The process needed to change shale rock to becoming gas is about 5 years. The
Hydrocarbon
Dr. Usman, M.Eng
Researcher
Research and Development Center for Oil and Gas Technology Lemigas
Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav 109, Jakarta 12230
Phone +62 21 7222978
Mobile +62 811104257
E-mail : upasarai@lemigas.esdm.go.id
The activities related to groundwater which are now being conducted by CGREG-GA
during the year 2011 (after June,30, 2011) can be described as follows :
1) Systematic Hydrogeological Mapping Scale 1:250,000 of six sheets; these are Sheet
0911-Manna (Sumatera), Sheet 1417-Siluas (Kalimantan),Sheet 2910-Tual (Maluku),
Sheet 2214-Batui (Sulawesi), and Sheet 1512-Tanjungputing and 1612-
Kualapambuang (Kalimantan).
2) Groundwater survey, comprising:
a) Survey on groundwater resource potential at Wonosari GB, covering Central Java
Province, Yogyakarta Province, and East Java Province.
b) Survey on Groundwater Conservation of GBs, comprising:
(1) Padang-Pariaman GB, West Sumatera. The basin covers Pasaman Regency,
Padangpariaman Regency, Padang City, Bukittinggi Regency, Tanahdatar
Regency, and Solok Regency.
GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR
5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME
5.1. Summary
During the period of July 2010 June 2012, the Geological Agency conducted research,
and services in volcanology and geological hazard mitigation (volcanic eruptions,
earthquakes, tsunami, landslides), issued early warnings for volcanic activities and landslides
and disseminated geological hazard knowledge to local governments and communities who
lived in the geological hazard zones, produced geological hazard and risk maps for spatial
planning and geological hazard mitigation & education and gave technical recommendations
to the local governments to carry out geological hazard mitigation efforts. It also evaluated the
research investigations and services of volcanology and geological hazard mitigation.
In the field of volcanic hazard mitigation, monitoring of seismicity, ground deformation
and chemical gas content of magma on active volcanoes were all monitored in order to
understand the stage of volcanic activities and to provide a volcanic hazard early warning
system. Instrumentation and methods of monitoring are always being developed. In addition,
volcano hazard zone mapping and an inventory of potential locations for volcano tourism
were also undertaken.
The destructive earthquakes in Indonesia during July 2010-June 2011 are shown in
Table 7.
Anak
September 30 Banten Increased to Level III
Krakatau
5.2.3. Tsunami
During this period, one tsunami was reported. The Mentawai earthquake, Oct 25 2010,
triggered a tsunami that produced a maximum wave height at the shoreline of about 12 m.
This tsunami caused more than 428 fatalities, 498 people injured, and damage to hundreds of
buildings.
Activities in the tsunami sector included tsunami hazard mapping and investigation on
tsunamigenic phenomena. Tsunami hazard mapping was located along the coastal area of
Sorong (West Papua), and Malang (East of Java), Lombok (West of Nusa Tenggara), Bima
(West of Nusa Tenggara), Sumba (East of Nusa Tenggara), Donggala (Central Sulawesi).
whereas tsunamigenic investigations were located around the West coast of North Sumatera,
Slope Stability and Landslide Surveys were carried out at 4 locations, these are:
1. Tol Cipularang, Purwakarta
2. Lubuk Laweh, Padang
3. PasarSimpang-Galapung, Agam, West Sumatera
4. Tawaeli-Toboli, Center of Sulawesi
5. Nagreg, West Java
6. Krui, lampung
7. Cadas Pangeran, Sumedang
8. Karanganyar, Center of Java
Victim Damages
Number Died Injured Damaged Destroyed Threaten Damaged Destroyed Valley Road
No. Province Buildings Buildings Buildings Another Another (ha) (m)
of Event
Buildings Buildings
Victim Damages
Died Injured Damaged Destroyed Threaten Damaged Destroyed Valley Road
Buildings Buildings Buildings Another Another (ha) (m)
Number Buildings Buildings
No. Province of Event
1 West Java 50 23 20 648 75 583 5 1 15.5 420
2 Center of Java 13 20 0 18 40 4 0 10 80 0
3 East Java 14 14 11 27 7 0 4 0 0 50
4 D.I. Yogyakarta
5 Banten
6 Bali 5 9 4 5 2 0 1 0 3 0
7 NTT 2 728 582
8 NTB 3 10
9 North Sulawesi
10 South Sulawesi
Central of
11 Sulawesi 2 9 804 93 10 10 300
12 North Sumatera 2 8 2 37 15
13 West Sumatera 6 13 1 196 79 2 6 327 350
14 South Sumatera 1 4 1
15 Papua 1 1 2 1
16 Maluku 5 24 3 6 6 6
17 Aceh 1 150 14 90
East of
18 Kalimantan 1 4 1
Total Number 106 129 42 2585 354 618 22 27 1097.5 1120
6.1. Summary
Rapid physical development in the Indonesian region, as reflected in more widely built-
up areas and the increase the amount of provincial, regency, and municipality development,
has caused a number of problems related to spatial planning and environmental management,
such as land-use conflict, environmental degradation, and increased needs of geological
resources. One attempt, amongst others, to solve such problems is through the supply of geo-
environmental information. In the period between July 2010 and July 2012 the Geological
Agency has carried out inventory and investigation activities related to the geo-environment
in several provinces in Indonesia. The activities include:
- Geo-environment for urban and regional spatial planning
- Geo-environment for monitoring of geological hazards
- Geo-environment for geological conservation
- Geo-environment for waste disposal site selection
- Geo-environment for flood mitigation
- Geo-environment for mining areas
Dodid Murdohardono
Geological Agency of Indonesia.
Jl. Diponegoro 57
Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Fax: +62-22-7206167
Phone : +62-22-7274705
Email ; dodidmurdohardono@yahoo.com
GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR
7.1. Summary
During the period of July 2010 to June 2012, the Geological Agency continued to
develop geoscience databases and publish geological data and information. Geological
database preparation included geological and geophysical data.
The Geological Agency activities in relation to Geo-information were:
1. Sedimentary Basin Atlas, located in South Sumatra, North Sumatra and Central
Sumatra, Northeast Jawa Basin, Kutai, Bengkulu, Tarakan, Serayu and Barito
Basin.
2. Updating Geological Maps, 1:250.000 to 1:50.000Scale, in Sulawesi, West Papua
and Kalimantan, based on Remote Sensing.
3. Sedimentary Basin Research in Tanimbar (Malucca), Ketungau (Kalimantan) and
Sengkang (Sulawesi).
4. Geological Basic Data and Metadata Development.
5. Airborne Gravity (Papua) and Geochemical Mapping (West Java)
6. E-Government
7. Aplication Digital Library Development
8. Publication
Ir Ipranta MSc
Geological Agency of Indonesia
Jl. Diponegoro No. 57
Bandung, West Java
Indonesia
Email: ifranto@yahoo.com
Phone +62-22-7270087